How to get rid of indoor humidity. Dampness appeared in the apartment: how to get rid of the unpleasant odor and prevent its reappearance? Causes of high humidity

There are four main reasons why you need to get rid of the humidity in the apartment as soon as possible:

Causes of dampness

Poor ventilation, nearby sources of moisture, savings on heating and improper insulation are the main reasons for dampness in a private or apartment building.

Insufficient ventilation is the most common cause high humidity air. V apartment buildings, especially in the old fund, the laid ventilation shafts and gratings are clogged, overgrown with debris. As a result, air movement stops. The situation is aggravated by plastic windows, especially cheap samples, low-quality materials for covering ceilings and walls. In private houses, especially self-built ones, the owners sometimes try to save money on ventilation, believing that there are enough windows and doors. This is not true!

If the ventilation system fails, it is not necessary to create a draft, especially in winter - this is fraught with hypothermia. More expensive, but the most practical solution will be forced exhaust ventilation as well as amplifiers of an existing system, such as exhaust fans.

Another solution to the problem is the installation of a recuperator or the use of a special air dryer. The latter device is irreplaceable if the cause of dampness is excess moisture (for example, in the bathroom, pool, with an abundance of home flowers).

Moisture source

Sources of moisture in the apartment:

precipitation: rain, melting snow, condensation can enter the apartment through a leaking roof, through the pores of the walls and unsealed seams (especially if the wind, improper roof overhang or defective drainage constantly direct precipitation to the wall);
stagnant water in the apartment: leaking plumbing equipment, swimming pools, saunas, aquariums, including those located on the floor below, the same effect is given by a dialed bath or a shower for a long time;
greenhouse effect from poor ventilation of windows (condensation accumulates on the glass), abundance indoor plants, especially if they need abundant watering;
the respiration of people, animals, plants also increases humidity - usually this factor is not noticeable, however, in cramped and / or poorly ventilated rooms it will be noticeable.

Chambo or septic tanks can be located near a private house, which impregnate the grant with moisture. And as a result, the basement becomes very damp, mold develops in it. Another source of moisture in the basement and on the 1st floor is the split blind area (a waterproof coating located around the perimeter of the house). Moisture from the soil and precipitation will seep into the house or basement.

An unheated room is a refuge for dampness. Ideally, the walls of an apartment or house should be warmed up to at least half the thickness, then the place of condensation formation will go outside (onto the street). In frozen walls, the place where condensation forms is shifted to the warm area, and often is generally located on the surface of the walls from the residential side. The problem is compounded by poor ventilation in the premises.

Housing, where people do not live or which is not sufficiently heated, begins to damp very quickly: the wall decoration collapses on average in two seasons. In addition, in addition to natural wear and tear, the structure loses an additional 5% strength every year due to dampness.

Advice! Vacation home, cottage - no seasonal housing can be left without heating. Hire a person or arrange with a neighbor who will periodically monitor this. If you are visiting for a couple of weeks, do not close the battery valves.

Improper insulation also causes dampness. The main mistakes are an insufficient layer to provide heat, and poor materials with zero vapor permeability.

To insulate an apartment with high quality, you can use one of two options:

The thickness of the layer of polystyrene insulation is within 10-15 cm (and this is important for any region of the Russian Federation).
Use a vapor-permeable material as insulation, for example, ecowool, mineral wool. This will make it possible to reliably remove moisture in the walls.

How to remove high humidity

Dealing with moisture is likely to take a hefty investment of either money or time and patience.

The most reliable ways to deal with dampness are costly. After the rebuild, however, you don't have to worry about drafts or sachets. The methods are expensive, but they pay off with interest:

Replacement of the ventilation system, installation of fans, hoods.
Overhaul, in which old plaster is completely removed from damp areas. After that, the room is dried and the walls are covered with a fresh layer of plaster.
Replacement and repair heating systems and water supply pipes. The task becomes more difficult if these systems are hidden.
Solving problems with waterproofing properties of foundations, walls and roofs, which is the most time-consuming and expensive procedure. It is unlikely that it will be possible to cope here on its own, without the involvement of specialists.

Affordable and simple ways to reduce indoor humidity:

When the weather is dry and warm, you should often ventilate the room by opening the windows.
The bathroom needs particularly frequent ventilation; the extractor hood in this room requires regular cleaning.
You should not dry your clothes in the room, as as a result, the humidity in the air rises significantly. This is permissible only in winter, when the air is dry by the heating system, it must be humidified. In summer, it is better to dry your laundry on the balcony or outside.
When cooking, pots of boiling water should be covered with lids. It is also recommended to close the doors to the kitchen, this will serve as an obstacle for the steam to spread through the rooms in the apartment. Open the windows for slot ventilation in winter or full ventilation in summer, do not forget to turn on the hood. Try to keep the pots from steaming too much (turn off heat).
Reducing the number of indoor plants will help to slightly lower the humidity in the room.
A special dehumidifier (compressor or adsorption) will eliminate high humidity in a separate room.

Advice! The installation of plastic windows, which are equipped with the "micro-ventilation" function, will allow you to regularly ventilate the room, regardless of the season.

The increased humidity is removed if the same heating is constantly maintained in the room.

How to remove the smell of damp

High humidity is often accompanied by a characteristic damp smell. Its cause is a fungus, therefore, in order to eliminate the problem, the infection must be destroyed. Thoroughly rinse away mold stains; if it is deeply ingrained, replace the coating (down to a layer of plaster) if possible. Then treat with a disinfectant, and then a protective one. The products must be marked "antifungal" or "fungicide".

To prevent the mold from growing again, in addition to treatment with protective preparations, it will be required in warm, dry weather:

arrange a draft in the apartment, which will provide good ventilation;
hang carpets, bedding, curtains, clothes outside for drying and disinfection in the sun.

Advice! In winter, heaters, household air dryers, air conditioners that are equipped with a heating function will allow you to dry the room.

Folk remedies for dampness in the apartment

Folk recipes also help to dry the air in the apartment:

With the onset of summer, in warm weather walls that are not covered with wallpaper and covered with mold are recommended to be treated with the following composition: dissolve half a kilogram in five liters of water laundry soap and then boil the mixture. With the cooled soapy water, coat the wall evenly with a brush and let dry. Repeat the processing several times. Traces of soap suds should form on the wall. After that, apply another compound, consisting of 100 grams of alum, diluted in six liters of water.
Calcium chloride perfectly absorbs moisture. Place containers with this substance in damp places. The advantage of calcium chloride is its reusability. It is enough to dry it (for example, in an oven). Be sure to crush the calcium chloride before using.
Treatment with a mixture of salicylic acid and alcohol will help eliminate mold and prevent the spread of dampness. Dry the walls thoroughly. Then combine one part salicylic acid and two hundred (200) parts alcohol. Dilute the mixture with a small amount pure water... Apply this product to black mold spots.

Advice! Replace calcium chloride with charcoal or quicklime.

Use a hydrometer. In the warm season, the optimum humidity will be from 30 to 60%, the maximum - 65. At the end of autumn, in winter, in early spring humidity should vary between 30-45% and not exceed 60.
Provide access to the sun's rays.
Ventilate the apartment; this must be done systematically and efficiently.
Fill cracks in the walls and floor.
Provide quality waterproofing.
Use fans in the kitchen and bathroom, including exhaust fans. Check the draft in the ventilation system periodically. Check the condition of the plumbing fixtures, and Special attention give the joints of the pipes.
Inspect the seal regularly for plastic windows, replace it with a new one in time.
When making major repairs, use mineral-based building materials. This will make it possible to effectively regulate the humidity in an apartment or private house.

You can eliminate dampness in an apartment with simple and available ways... Wall treatment special formulations will destroy mold and prevent its reoccurrence. Systematic prevention will protect against moisture build-up and fungal growth.

The fight against high humidity in the house should be started at the first warning signs. In order to prevent the appearance of a specific odor in the home, damage to property by mold, deterioration of health, it is important to find the causes of dampness.

Proper waterproofing at home

On the initial stage construction, pay special attention to the horizontal insulation of the foundation. Especially if there are prerequisites for increased moisture formation high level groundwater, the presence of reservoirs, frequent precipitation.

If horizontal insulation is done only at the time of construction, then vertical waterproofing of the foundation can be performed when the house is rebuilt. The principle of work: a trench is dug around the building, and the walls of the foundation are coated with a waterproofing compound. Depending on the materials used, waterproofing is:

Coating room. It is carried out using liquid formulations based on bitumen and mastics.
Roll. The foundation is pasted over with insulating material on a paper or synthetic basis. The most common roofing material.
Plastering. The polymer component is mixed with the cement slurry.

Warming

In the autumn winter period from moisture coming from the outside, will protect high-quality outdoor or internal insulation Houses. Popular and cheap insulation foam, basalt fiber, mineral wool... Each has its own pros and cons.

Ventilation

In the event that a major overhaul is impossible for a number of reasons, or it has been established that the reason for the dampness of the room is in the slow release of moist air, correct and sufficient ventilation of the house, apartment will help to eliminate or minimize the problem:

Organize forced ventilation in the kitchen, bathroom, toilet. It is more convenient when the built-in fans turn on automatically when you open the door or turn on the light.
Mandatory tightness of plastic windows often causes a lack of ventilation. To evacuate humid air in the profile of the problem window or doorway make additional small ventilation holes and install ventilators.
Be sure to regularly air the entire house through!

Household dehumidifiers

This device is “ ambulance”For a damp house. The principle of operation of the dehumidifier is to condense excess moisture by cooling the incoming air stream. The condensate flows into a special tank, the air, deprived of excess moisture, is heated and returned to the room. Thanks to this, the house becomes drier in a very short time. In adsorption dryers, moisture from the air is taken by an adsorbent located in the device.

Features of the selection of a dehumidifier:

When choosing a dehumidifier for your home, focus on the footage of the room.
Pay attention to the power, the noise level during operation, the design of the device.
Be careful when using appliances and do not dry out the air. Models with automatic mode work. The dehumidifier turns on itself if the moisture level is increased, and turns off when the necessary indicators are optimized.

Other ways to deal with dampness

To combat dampness:

Try to reduce the humidity with chemicals... Pour into small containers, will do plastic cups 200 ml each, calcium chloride powder, arrange in problem rooms.
If only one wall is damp, most likely the reason is an improperly planned heating system. Bring an additional radiator to the “crying” wall.
Eliminating dampness, do not forget to take measures to destroy mold and mildew.
Use a cooker hood when cooking.
Household air conditioners reduce air humidity.

Dampness in the apartment

V damp apartment walls become moldy, things deteriorate, wooden objects and furniture rot and collapse. Dampness adversely affects the health of households. Should be given fight against damp Special attention. In capital houses and structures, during the construction and design, a number of activities are carried out aimed at damp prevention... But in our conditions, design mistakes are not uncommon, as a result of which dampness appears. Dampness can appear even in a properly designed and built house.

Diseases due to dampness in the apartment

In Chinese medicine, diseases arising from dampness, are characterized by grease, dirt, unpleasant odor and stickiness. Heaviness and aches in the body, headaches, oily hair and a shiny face, fungal diseases and purulent inflammations, joint diseases and bad smell from the mouth can be the cause of dampness in the apartment. Long-term non-healing wounds can also be the result of increased humidity and dampness in the living area. Disorders in the work of the spleen and respiratory organs are possible. In order to prevent such diseases, you should maintain optimal humidity and try as quickly as possible. get rid of dampness in the apartment.

How to recognize dampness in an apartment

Dampness in the apartment leads to the formation of fungus on the walls. The fungus comes through topcoat walls (wallpaper, plaster, paint) and appears as dark or black spots. Sometimes the fungus covers large areas of the walls in the apartment. Another dampness symptom there are damp things in the apartment. Wet clothes feel cold when dressing, while wet clothes are conducive to colds. Drops (dew) may appear on the walls of a house or apartment - this also indicates increased dampness in the apartment.

To determine the cause of dampness in the apartment you can carry out such an experiment. For a day, firmly attach a piece of glass to the wall. It is highly advisable to choose a flat section of the wall so that the glass is attached to it tightly. After a day, inspect the glass - if it is wet outside, then the reason for the dampness in the processes taking place in the apartment, if the dampness is from the side of the wall, then the dampness in the apartment comes from the outside.

The reasons for the appearance of dampness in the apartment

The reasons for the appearance dampness in the apartment can be drying a large number laundry, poor ventilation of the room, poor heating in winter, building design faults, etc. There are many reasons for the appearance of dampness in an apartment and they must be systematically dealt with. It should be understood that in one apartment there may be several reasons for the appearance of dampness, leading to high humidity. A common reason appearances dampness in apartments in panel and brick houses there is insufficient thermal insulation of the outer walls or flaws in the seams of the structure. Especially often dampness, and behind it, and fungus, appear in corner apartments, when two walls of one room form outer corner Houses.

Measures to get rid of dampness in the apartment

If cause of dampness is an design features buildings, then the main measure to get rid of dampness should be insulation. Sealing of seams between panels, insulation of the outer part of the wall, insulation from the inside of the apartment. When insulating from inside the apartment, and this is usually achieved by removing the wall with the installation of insulation, it is imperative to carry out work on the anti-fungal treatment of the walls, otherwise all the work may be in vain.

An increase in the area of heating devices can also be in an efficient way fight against dampness in the apartment... Another climatic weapon in an oyna with dampness and mold can be an air conditioner. By dehumidifying the air, it helps to remove moisture from the room.

To get rid of dampness it is necessary to do ventilation. Cleaning the ventilation wells, checking the draft, ventilating the room in dry weather is the basis for the success of the fight against dampness in the apartment. Pay attention to washing machines with a drying function, so as not to dry the clothes in the apartment. Use exhaust ventilation when preparing food.

Everyone dreams of a cozy and comfortable home... But even the most modern apartments are not immune from the appearance of mold due to too high levels of humidity in the premises. You can deal with the problem with the help of effective folk methods and industrial facilities.

Causes of dampness

The normal level of humidity in the apartment is no more than 60%. During a hot summer, this figure can be reduced to 45%. It is under such conditions that a person will feel as comfortable as possible. But if it is tall, the living quarters create optimal conditions for the development of dampness, and hence fungus.

High indoor humidity can cause fungus

The reason for the increased level of air humidity in residential premises can be:

poor ventilation;
damage water pipes and improperly installed household plumbing;
regular drying of linen in living quarters;
frequent bathing;
the presence of aquariums and a large number of indoor plants in the apartment;
non-insulated inter-wall joints and cracks.

High humidity is also generated during food preparation. For elimination a similar problem it is often sufficient to ventilate the area well. But if the ceiling is leaking, it will not be so easy to get rid of the dampness.

The appearance of condensation in the room in summer and winter is also facilitated by the installation of plastic windows.

Where does mold appear

Most often, mold can be found on walls and windows, on ceilings and floors. Sometimes the fungus hides under carpets, in the pile, behind wallpaper, furniture and decorative objects on the walls, as well as in cabinets and bookshelves... If mold is found, immediate action must be taken to prevent the growth of the fungus and remove it completely.

Why dampness may appear in the house - video

Instructions for reducing humidity in an apartment or private house

One of the most simple ways, allowing you to effectively deal with dampness in rooms, is regular ventilation.
High-quality ventilation of the premises helps to remove excess moisture
Also, care must be taken to isolate sources of moisture. If the wall in the room becomes damp due to a problem with the plumbing or sewer pipes, it is necessary to take measures to eliminate breakdowns, which will allow the wall to dry out over time. But if dampness in a private house occurs due to the close location of groundwater, the only way to solve the problem is to insulate the walls and foundation with waterproof materials, which can be purchased at specialized building stores... In some cases, it is advisable to organize additional heating of the room, which will dry out damp corners and prevent further development fungus.
Additional heating of the room will reduce humidity and dry out damp areas of walls and floors
To find out the reason why the walls of the dwelling are covered with moisture, you can use this method: attach to inner surface the walls with tape a plastic sheet 50 cm long, after a few days remove it and check the condition of the surface under it. If it is dry, mold is caused by high levels of humidity in the room. If wet, then the reason lies in the seepage of water through the wall. You can get rid of such a problem with the help of special water-repellent paints or plaster, which includes silicone or synthetic latex. To prevent dampness inside, these products are also applied to external walls... Moreover, in some cases, it is advisable to carry out complex repair work.
Water-repellent paints and plasters will protect walls from fungus
For private home owners, be aware that earthen floors are excellent moisture conductors. For this reason, it is advisable to cover them. polymeric materials or concreting.
Concrete floor does not allow excess moisture to pass through
Cracks must be removed with solutions that harden in contact with a wet environment. A plaster solution is used for the walls. When sealing defects located at the joints of walls and floors, epoxy materials are usually used.
High-quality sealing of cracks will prevent the appearance of fungus in an apartment and a private house
Causes of excessive moisture inside wooden buildings- Poorly caulked seams between logs and insufficient ventilation. You can cope with the problem using special antiseptic preparations and bleaches that effectively remove the fungus, for example, Bioshchit, Neomid, Remmers or Prosept.
Sealing the seams between the logs and treating the wood with special compounds will prevent dampness inside the house
In apartments located in houses made of bricks, foam blocks and aerated concrete, with elevated level humidity, it is advisable to use dehumidifiers. These devices are ideal for killing excess moisture in bathrooms, toilets and kitchens.
Dehumidifiers to cope with excess moisture in any living space

How to get rid of fungus in an apartment - video

Often unwanted moisture builds up under the linoleum. It is there that all the conditions for the development of mold are created, it is almost impossible to get rid of it and you have to change the coating. In this case, it is advisable to follow important recommendations:

on floors affected by mold, in no case should old materials be laid;
the fungus often spreads to the walls, therefore it should be cut off lower part wallpaper adjacent to the skirting boards;
when installing a new linoleum, it is advisable to treat it with antifungal drugs.

To remove the fungus under the linoleum, you need to change the flooring

Fungus under the wallpaper

If mold has formed under the wallpaper, it is necessary to clean the surface from black spots using one of the solutions:

from washing powder and chlorine (1-2 tablespoons of chlorine and 30-50 g of powder) - dilute the dry mixture with 3 liters of cool water, not forgetting to use protective equipment in the form of gloves and a respirator.
from ½ bar of laundry soap, 100 g of soda and 5 liters of water.

Armed with a few clean rags and a sponge, the walls should be cleaned and dried using a household heater or infrared device. Then an antifungal agent such as Furacilin or Nystatin should be applied.

Dissolve 4-6 tablets well in 0.5 liters of hot water.
Add another 3-5 liters of water.
Treat the walls of the room with a solution. Instead of these drugs, you can also use copper sulfate.
Dry the surfaces thoroughly.
Apply a primer for wallpapering. When choosing suitable composition it is worth paying attention to products containing antifungal substances.

Mold on plastic windows

If mold has formed on plastic windows and slopes, you should act immediately.

Remove visible fungus stains using water solution chlorine in a ratio of 5: 1.
Treat windows with ready-made antifungal compounds (Vincents, TEX, Polyline, Dufa) or made by yourself.

At home, you can make funds according to the following recipes:

0.2 liters of boric and 70% acetic acid per 1 liter of water;
100 g sodium fluoride and copper sulfate for 1 liter of water;
100 ml of copper sulfate and household bleach per 1 liter of water.

The selected composition must be applied to the surface plastic frames and slopes with a brush. To avoid the reappearance of mold, it is recommended to use rubber-based waterproofing mastics. With the help of such products, you can provide surfaces with a waterproof coating.

Do not forget about protective equipment - gloves and a mask. After finishing the treatment, ventilate the area for 40 minutes.

How to get rid of condensation on PVC windows - video

Mold in the bathroom

If mold appears in the bathroom, it is also impossible to do without surface treatment with antifungal compounds. If the fungus has formed on the ceiling, it should be removed along with the plaster, removing the sealant and paint from the affected areas. After the completion of the work, it is necessary to make sure that the pipes and mixers are not leaking, and to eliminate the breakdowns. The joints of plastic parts can be treated with a sealant.

What to do if black mold forms in the bathroom - video

Mold in the basement

If mold has appeared in the basement, but the situation is not too bad yet, you can use the following method.

Dissolve 250 ml of 40% formalin in 10 liters of water.
Treat the affected areas of the walls with the composition and dry them.
Then apply plaster to the walls and whitewash the ceiling. By providing the room with good ventilation, you will not have to worry about the reappearance of mold.

How to remove dampness from a cellar - video

Home remedies for fungus and indoor dampness

In addition to industrial formulations, effective and inexpensive home-made products can be used to combat fungus.

Take 0.5 kg of laundry soap, grate and dissolve in 5 liters of water.
Boil the resulting composition, cool it.
In warm summer weather, brush a few coats of soapy water on moldy walls without wallpaper.
Then cover them with a composition made from 100 g of alum and 6 liters of water.

To cope with dampness, you can use calcium chloride, placing it in the corners. For reuse, it must be dried under the influence of high temperatures, and then ceiling. Suitable as a replacement charcoal and quicklime... However, when using this method, care should be taken that these substances are not available to children and pets.

Mold prevention

To prevent mold growth, monitor the humidity level in the room with a hydrometer.
Provide adequate ventilation and adequate sunlight.
Use fans in the bathroom and in the kitchen, regularly check the draft in the ventilation shafts, monitor the condition of the plumbing units, especially in the places where they are connected.
Repair cracks in walls and floors.
When conducting overhaul use mineral-based materials to better regulate indoor humidity levels.
Take care of high-quality waterproofing.
Inspect regularly plastic seals on the PVC windows, check their suitability, carry out timely replacement.
At the first appearance of condensation, promptly eliminate the cause of its formation.

Simple and available methods will help to eliminate the excessive level of moisture in the premises, thereby preventing the development of harmful fungus. Using a variety of products and formulations, do not forget about safety measures that can protect your health. Regular conduct preventive measures will minimize the risk of mold reoccurrence in your home.

For humans, normal humidity is 40-60%. At higher humidity levels, there is a risk of developing chronic colds and skin diseases, and fungi that rapidly develop in damp rooms cause bronchial asthma.

Due to dampness, condensation forms on the ceiling, walls and windows, wet spots, mold and unpleasant odors appear, furniture and equipment deteriorate. Moistened structures of residential buildings quickly collapse: stone and concrete crumble, metal corrode, and wood rot. To extend the life of a house, you need to protect it from the harmful effects of moisture by creating effective system waterproofing.

Why does moisture form

Moisture enters the room both from the inside and outside. The main thing is to find its source. To protect the house from dampness, you need to periodically inspect it, paying attention to the areas in which moisture can accumulate, as well as possible locations her penetration.

We are talking about the basement waterproofing, the tightness of window and door frames, the abutment of pipes and antennas on the roof, the integrity of the roof and the drainage system.

Also, moisture in living quarters is formed as a result of human activity. By cooking, watering plants, washing clothes and taking a shower, we increase the humidity in the air. A family of 4 gives off up to 10 liters of water every day in the form of steam.

If you do not remove excess moisture with natural ventilation, the house will be broken humidity regime and fungal spores in the air will begin to multiply and create colonies in warm and poorly ventilated areas. This process takes on an avalanche-like character if the humidity exceeds 70% and the temperature is 15 ° C.

Before you start dealing with dampness, you need to determine the level of humidity in the room. To do this, you can purchase a hygrometer - a device that shows the percentage of humidity. If the device shows an increased moisture content, it is necessary to proceed to the next step - to determine the source and eliminate the problem. There can be several reasons for the appearance of humidity in the house.

Poor foundation waterproofing

Groundwater can rise to a height of 1.5 m. In this case, the horizontal waterproofing of the foundation serves as an obstacle. If there is no such waterproofing, soil moisture penetrates the walls of the building. Traces of it can be seen above the skirting board inside the house, on damaged wallpaper and fallen plaster at the bottom of the wall, in damp and mildewed corners.

To avoid the consequences of poor foundation waterproofing, additional waterproofing must be provided or created from scratch if it was not taken care of during construction. When building a house without a basement, horizontal waterproofing is usually placed on top of the basement base, which protects the walls from capillary penetration of moisture. If this was not done in a timely manner, you will have to dig a trench around the house, clean the walls of dirt and make vertical waterproofing of the foundation (roll or coating).

Poor basement waterproofing

Poor basement waterproofing can lead not only to wetting of the walls, but also to flooding of the basement. Usually its walls are made of concrete or brick, and they are combined with strip foundation... Groundwater, in contact with the surface of walls with a porous structure, penetrates inside and becomes a source of dampness and mold both in the basement and in the rooms above it.

To eliminate these phenomena, the floor, ceiling and walls of the basement should be waterproofed, having previously cleaned them of mold and mildew and disinfected with a special solution that prevents the appearance of organic deposits, and wipe the seams cement mortar.

If there are frank leaks in the walls, they must be eliminated by applying quick-hardening compounds, or injection waterproofing must be performed. For further processing walls and ceilings, you need to use anti-salt barriers, penetrating (penetrating) impregnations and water repellents related to the coating repair materials.

To re-waterproof the outside, you will have to dig out the backfill of the foundation. The basement walls, both outside and inside, are insulated from lateral moisture penetration with two layers of hot bitumen or cold bitumen mastic. In addition to coating, rolls are used outside waterproofing materials(roofing material, polymer membranes), laying them from the bottom up on heated resin or bitumen with an overlap of 15 cm panels. It is also possible to protect the rooms buried in the ground from groundwater with the help of drainage.

Having processed the walls, proceed to the basement floor. On the whole square they arrange clay castle, tamp it down and cover it with a layer of sand or crushed stone, after which they apply a cement mortar and iron. In the future, it will be possible to put on the waterproof adhesive ceramic tiles... For the ceiling, paint waterproofing is used, and, if necessary, insulate it.

Wrong blind area around the house

Due to improper arrangement of the blind area, part of the atmospheric precipitation and household water from personal plot... The only way to solve the problem once and for all is to redo the blind area. It should have a slope of 2-3 degrees from the house and a standard width of 70-80 cm, but in any case be 20 cm wider than the eaves overhang so that the water flowing from the roof does not erode the soil near the building.

After backfilling the pockets of the foundation, clay is placed on top of the base of the blind area so that moisture from the surface of the earth does not reach the walls of the foundation. A layer of clay is covered with gravel and sand, tamped, and then covered with paving slabs or poured with cement mortar. If the basement is insulated, the blind area should also be insulated. In this case, extruded polystyrene foam is placed under the slabs around the entire perimeter of the house.

Disruption of the drainage system

The main reason for this phenomenon is clogging or destruction downpipe or gutters. In this case rainwater hits the walls and they get wet.

To protect the walls from moisture, use cement-based plasters, mastics, waterproof mineral mixtures and water repellents. The latter significantly reduce the consumption of paints and varnishes and impregnating materials, and coatings formed by paints on water based, impart water-repellent properties. In addition to water repellents, bituminous waterproofing plasters are widely used, which protect against the harmful effects of water, and vapor-permeable plasters, which help to avoid dampness on load-bearing walls.

Special "drying" plasters are also used. Evaporation takes place inside the plaster layer and the surface remains dry. In addition, the loss of salts does not spoil appearance coatings and does not destroy the plaster. Can protect the facade of the house and water resistant finishing materials: vinyl siding, stone tiles, PVC hinged panels. In this case, it is important that between finishing and load-bearing wall there was a ventilation gap.

Insufficient or improper wall insulation and violation of the integrity of the roof

Due to the difference between the external and internal temperatures, condensation appears on the surface of the wall. Getting rid of condensation on the walls is simple: you need to insulate the building from the outside. This will increase the thickness of the walls and move the dew point towards the interior of the structure. With sufficient thermal protection, condensation usually does not form in conditions of high humidity. This is possible only if it heats up quickly or if the heating is turned on untimely.

High humidity can also be observed with improper insulation, when water vapor cannot be removed to the outside. This means that they accumulate indoors and in the structure of the building. In addition, a leaking roof is the reason for the walls and ceilings of the house to get wet.

As for the roof, its leaking sections should be repaired by replacing damaged elements with whole ones, installing a patch (for metal roofs), as well as by treatment with coating waterproofing materials.

When insulating walls, you need to follow the technology and sequence of work, and not replace some materials with others. The sequence of laying materials is subject to the principle: the vapor permeability of the layers must increase from the inside out. Then moisture will be able to leave without hindrance, without accumulating in the room.

Insufficient or improper ventilation

Insufficient ventilation results in musty air, excessive humidity and condensation, resulting in damp corners, damp walls and foggy windows. Ventilation is so important that its quantitative characteristics have the force of law and are spelled out in Building codes and rules (SNiP). Every hour a person needs at least 30 m3 of fresh air.

High-quality ventilation is a guarantee comfortable stay... But since then, as the construction began to use sealed double-glazed windows and monolithic concrete, the house has become like a vessel that does not allow air to pass through. Therefore, it is necessary to check the patency of ventilation shafts and regularly ventilate the premises to get rid of moisture, tobacco smoke, harmful substances generated by furniture, finishing materials and cleaning products. The best way airing - a draft, in which after 5-10 minutes the air in the room completely changes. And forced ventilation will help to create an optimal microclimate in the bathroom, kitchen, bathroom, gym and laundry room.

The supply air will be provided by the door ventilators located at the bottom, and the exhaust fan will be created by a fan built into the exhaust opening, the operation of which can be synchronized with the switching on of the light or opening the door.

Incorrect installation of double-glazed windows, installation of sealed double-glazed windows or poor-quality seals

These are the reasons poor ventilation rooms, misted glass, wet window sills and sections of the wall under them, as well as damp slopes.

By setting metal-plastic windows, you must choose those that have ventilation valves that close in strong winds and open in calm weather. If in installed windows they are not there, you can mount them in upper part profile. In addition, you need to ventilate the premises twice a day for 10 minutes. Installing the sill and filling polyurethane foam the depth of its attachment, insulate the junction of the frame from warm air inside the room so that heat does not penetrate into the cold zone of the window and condensation does not accumulate under the windowsill. Check the integrity and elasticity of the window seals, which ensure the tightness of the window. If you find a defect, replace them with new ones.

In addition, improper use of premises creates high humidity in the house. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that in living rooms too much water vapor from the kitchen and bathroom. It is not necessary to dry damp things in rooms and store liquids in open containers. And in autumn and winter, the premises need to be regularly heated, maintaining a constant temperature in them.

There are many ways to protect a house from high humidity, but to maximize the effect, use them in combination.