A variety of primers can raise a completely logical question - is it all bottled from one barrel? And suddenly no easier option how to make a primer from PVA and get a composition no worse than bought? Like it or not - we'll figure it out together!

PVA glue primer - to be or not to be ...

To begin with, let's find out - what is the well-known PVA glue, and how does this abbreviation stand for? So, PVA is polyvinyl acetate, a solid, colorless and odorless, non-toxic substance. PVA glue, in turn, is an emulsion of polyvinyl acetate. It is hardly worth delving further into the origin of this substance - we are much more interested in how it is used. There are a lot of varieties of glue - this is building PVA, and carpentry, and furniture, on the shelves you will find PVA extra, luxury and universal, and, of course, stationery. Depending on the scope of application, the cost of glue also fluctuates - from 400 rubles to 2500 with the same volume.

PVA construction adhesive from this list is the most suitable for creating a primer. It is added to concrete, as well as to increase their strength and water resistance, so what, it would seem, can prevent us from using it for soil preparation? And our common sense can interfere - building PVA can and should be used as a component that improves the properties of other materials, but polyvinyl acetate on its own can only ruin things.

Firstly, PVA glue forms a moisture-proof film on the wall, which, precisely because of its moisture-resistant property, can begin to peel off after a while along with the plaster that is laid on top of it. Secondly, it is worth not guessing a little with the proportions of water, and such a film will peel off the walls and ceiling under its own weight. Thirdly, over time, PVA glue turns yellow and may appear as spots under the same wallpaper.

How to make a PVA primer - primer properties

What do we need from a primer? So that it improves surface properties, mainly adhesion to other materials. But besides this, a good primer is absorbed into the smallest pores of the material and holds it together without interfering with the natural processes of vapor exchange. Professional primers also contain antifungal components to eliminate the destructive activity of mold and fungus already at the stage of priming surfaces.

From this list, a home-made primer made of PVA glue can perform only one function - to improve surface adhesion, that is, its adhesion to other materials. However, this is possible only if all proportions are observed - if your primer thickens a little, you will earn headache peelable film. Of course, you can not forget about the dignity homemade solution from PVA - its extreme cheapness. However, as you yourself have already understood, such savings can eventually cost a pretty penny.

The conclusion is obvious - you can use PVA as a primer only in the most extreme cases! Or, for example, in utility rooms, where you absolutely do not need expensive repairs. In other cases, you can’t save on a primer - buy special solutions.

How to dilute PVA for a primer - moonshine recipe

And yet, being able to prepare a primer from glue does not hurt. Indeed, after repairs in an apartment or house, you may have plenty of this material left, and it’s reluctant to spend money on buying an expensive primer, say, for the walls of a utility room where you store tools. Before diluting PVA for a primer, prepare the right tools and ingredients: water, a spatula for stirring, a container and the glue itself.

Dilute the glue from a ratio of 1 part glue to 2 parts water. The liquid mass obtained as a result should be easily applied to surfaces, leaving a white mark behind. To improve the qualities of a homemade primer, it is recommended to add crushed chalk to its composition. The components should be mixed in a warm room, first pour glue into the container, and then water. It is very important to mix the components as vigorously as possible so that the water quickly dilutes the adhesive without leaving a separate layer on the surface.

First, try priming on small plot- if after drying the primer did not form a visible film, then you guessed right with the proportions. If the opposite is noticeable, then you need to add more water to your solution. Before you make a PVA primer, weigh its amount - it is not recommended to prepare too much solution at once. How longer adhesive stands idle in a diluted state, the worse will be its bonding qualities. Therefore, do the work in stages. Having done the work, make sure that the primer does not exfoliate after drying. Let it dry before moving on to the next step.

Little tricks for economical repairs

You can save not only with the help of PVA glue. With the same success, you can prepare a primer for walls and ceilings with wallpaper paste, diluting it with plenty of water. Wallpaper glue differs from PVA in that it does not turn yellow and does not form a film, it is better absorbed into the surface and allows it to “breathe”. Wallpaper glue costs a little more than PVA, but cheaper than professional formulations. This option will be the most suitable if we need to do an inexpensive and quick repair.

If you plan to paint the walls with acrylic paints, you don’t have to prime the surface with a separate composition! The paint itself will act as a primer - mix it with water in a 1: 1 ratio in a separate container and cover the walls.

By the way, manufacturers themselves often mention this method. Indeed, bought acrylic primer often differs from paint only in the content of acrylic. Work with a homemade mixture of acrylic paint it's also quite convenient if you use the same color as for painting - then you will save on fewer layers of paint. If you purchased special composition, a regular paint roller will help you save money! It is this tool that will provide optimal soil consumption, high speed work and its quality. , as a rule, this is a very sticky solution, and if you apply it to the walls with a compressor, then you simply will not wash the room, even if you cover everything with a film.

Working with a brush is unprofitable from an economic point of view - the expense becomes higher. Of course, in some places, for example in the corners, it is better to work with a brush, but on large areas roller will save a lot. Buy rollers with a short or medium pile, no more than 12 mm, and even better 8-9 mm - manufacturers always write this information on the packaging. Indeed, this would be ideal for smooth walls, while for walls with a lot of dimples and other irregularities, you will have to use a brush.

Another way to save: buy concentrates. Ready-made solutions are often water with the smell of a soil mixture. Some concentrates can be diluted 3-5 or even 10 times! You will find the relevant information in the instructions. Always be clear about your goals - for wallpapering, you can use an ordinary inexpensive universal primer, while you will not need a water-repellent compound. And vice versa - it is not worth saving on the ground if expensive plasters are being worked on top of it.

Cement is perhaps the most widely used material in construction market. Without it, it is impossible to prepare plaster for finishing walls and ceilings, concrete screed floors, mortar ceramic tiles. For whatever purpose the mixture is used, the ingredients in it are the same: cement, sand, water. The differences are only in their percentage and additives. For example, crushed stone is added to concrete, pigments are added to the composition for tiles, glass, shavings for decoration are added to plaster. A component that can be present in any solution is PVA (polyvinyl acetate).

Ready-made tile adhesive is good where the walls are absolutely even, and cement mortar suitable for all kinds of surfaces. The basis is cement and sand, the ratio is 1 to 3. Other components improve the properties of the mixture.

Most often, PVA is added to the cement mortar. The main arguments in his favor:

1. In the right proportion, this additive turns an ordinary mortar into a universal adhesive and at the same time into a sealant with good waterproof properties.

2. The mixture becomes more plastic.

3. Increases adhesion to the substrate and the strength of the finish.

The tiles in the bathroom will last at least 15 years (and in the kitchen - all 20), if you take fresh cement, quarry sand (in a ratio of 1: 4) and PVA glue (1/20 of the total volume) for preparation. The quality can be improved if PVA is added to the cement, having previously been mixed with water (in the ratio: 2 hours of glue to one part of water).

An important point: it is PVA that is poured into water, and not vice versa. The resulting mixture is carefully stirred. As a result, after drying, the glue is practically not noticeable, since when mixed with water, it becomes transparent.

Surface plastering

By adding glue to the plaster, you can achieve better plastering of walls or ceilings due to the slow absorption of moisture. cement composition will dry less quickly, allowing finishers to finish the surfaces more thoroughly.

In addition, polyvinyl acetate:

1. Plays the role of a plasticizer. Read more about plasticizers for cement mortar.

2. Increases the strength properties of the plaster.

3. The quality of adhesion to the treated surface improves.

But, if you plan to plaster the walls in a room with high humidity, the addition of glue is not recommended even in a small proportion. It is not used in facade decoration.

Specialists who use cement-based plaster with the addition of PVA for wall decoration note high qualities:

• cement in places where chips are sealed in the blind area is more durable;
• the plaster lays down in an even layer and is securely fastened to the surface.

To prepare the plaster, glue is added to the cement-based solution in a ratio of 150 ml per 10 liters of the composition. Although just one spoon of high-quality polyvinyl acetate can not only improve the structure of the mixture, but also change its appearance.

Screed mortar

Concrete easily yields to compressive deformation, bending can lead to the destruction of the structure. Water-soluble polymers help to improve the plastic properties of concrete during screeding. Masters consider latex to be the best of them, but it is in great short supply. Therefore, the more affordable PVA glue is used as an additive. At the same time, the proportions are not very strictly observed - as a rule, from 5 to 20% in relation to the mass of the solution.

As a result, strength properties, according to experts, improve one and a half times. At least 3 times the strength of adhesion of concrete to the base. Increases wear resistance by 50%. When buying polyvinyl acetate for the preparation of a mixture for screed, you should be careful. Exist different types glue of this brand, in particular:

• PVA glue for paper based on starch;
• glue for wood with a high content of CMC.

These types are unsuitable for the manufacture of concrete. Polyvinyl acetate containing at least 50% polymer is required.

Optimal for concrete pavement sex is considered the composition in the following proportion:

• portland cement - 100 kg;
• PVA - 20 kg;
• sand - 200 kg;
• crushed stone - 250-300 kg;
• additive in the form of alkali-resistant pigments - at least 5 kg (maximum - 10);
• water to ensure the mobility of the mixture.

The introduction of glue into concrete allows not only to make a high-quality new screed, but also to repair the old one. It is believed that fresh concrete practically does not lie on the old one. But if you introduce special additives, including PVA, the problem is easily solved. Composition (in parts of the total amount):

• cement - 1;
• sand (preferably fine) - 3;
• PVA - 1/2;
• epoxy resin - 4/100;
• hardener (polyethylene polyamine) - 4/100;
• water.

Water is added until the consistency of the mixture begins to resemble batter.

none finishing work does not do without a good adhesive composition. It must meet the requirements of quality, safety and ease of use. Construction adhesive PVA - what you need for diverse repair work indoors: wallpapering, installing parquet, ceramic tiles, etc. What does PVA consist of, what are its advantages and disadvantages, how to use the composition correctly for construction purposes? All answers are later in the article.

Description, composition

PVA glue is one of the most popular compositions for various purposes: construction, stationery, creativity, household. PVA comes in handy for the first time in childhood, as a rule, this is a clerical option. It is used for paper and cardboard crafts, applications, etc. building view somewhat different from the stationery and has certain advantages. Such a composition holds together a much greater variety of materials and has better adhesion.

Polyvinyl acetate, or PVA for short, is 95% of the adhesive of the same name. The remaining share is occupied by water, plasticizers, various solvents, fillers and thickeners. Stabilizing components give certain properties to the entire composition: water resistance (acetone), plasticity (glycerin), adhesion strength of surfaces (kaolin, chalk, talc), drying speed (glass, porcelain).

Advantages and disadvantages

PVA construction adhesive has good technical characteristics that allow it to be used for various purposes. Strengths material:

1. Low consumption. Basically, the amount of glue used depends on the type of work, but the average consumption varies from 100 to 900 g per 1 sq.m.
2. A good indicator of adhesive ability is 450-550 N/m.
3. Dries quickly. On average, the complete curing of the adhesive takes no more than 12-24 hours, although the figure depends on the surface area, temperature and other factors.
4. The composition is resistant to water.
5. Does not break down under the action of sunlight.
6. Frost-resistant, withstands up to 5-6 cycles of freezing and thawing.
7. Dries with minimal shrinkage. Does not deform the product during drying.
8. Fills gaps well.
9. Non-toxic. It is allowed to work with the adhesive in any conditions, it is not necessary to ventilate the room, which is a huge plus for wallpapering. PVA is also safe in contact with the skin, it is enough to wash off the substance warm water with soap.
10. Affordable price. PVA is the cheapest among analogues.
11. The adhesive base is very stable, when working with various materials specifications do not change.
12. A popular product, always on sale in hardware stores.
13. Sold in different capacities and volumes.
14. Storage temperature - up to +50 degrees.
15. It serves as a good basis for building mixtures (primers, fillers).

Advice! Can building PVA replace? PVA dispersion, although it has much greater adhesion, is quite suitable for wood, paper, cardboard, textiles - suitable for crafts.

The disadvantages of the substance include the following properties:

1. Short shelf life - from 6 months to 1 year. To prolong the composition, various inhibitors are sometimes added.
2. It is a flammable substance, compliance with fire safety regulations is required.
3. If the composition contains plasticizers, then the adhesive can release a small amount into the air chemical substances(acetic acid).
4. Leaves marks on surfaces, so requires careful work.

How it is applied

PVA glue is preferred by both neophytes and construction professionals. The substance in its pure form glues materials such as paper, cardboard, fabric, leather, porcelain, chipboard, glass, metal well. As an adhesive composition is used for the following repairs:

• installation of ceiling tiles;
• installation of ceramic floor tiles;

The use of PVA also extends to the creation of various mixtures, primarily their compaction:

1. It is added to the cement mortar in order to increase waterproofing, adhesion to the surface, and plasticity of the composition. The standard proportion of PVA glue in the cement mortar is 5-10%.
2. Stucco mortar will benefit from the inclusion of building adhesive. For preparation, cement and sand are mixed in a ratio of 1: 3, then water is added. After obtaining the desired consistency, PVA is introduced into the solution in an amount of 50 to 70 g per 10 liters. Plaster with glue lies better on the surface and sets faster.

Wallpapering on PVA

PVA building glue is suitable for wall decoration with some types of light wallpaper. Everyone who has dealt with repairs agrees that this option is best used only if there is no alternative. Why?

Disadvantages of PVA when installing wallpaper:

• the composition glues the canvas tightly, so that during subsequent repairs it will be difficult and long to tear off the wallpaper;
• for the same reason, it is almost impossible to correct the position of the strip during operation;
• sometimes, over time, yellowness begins to peep out from under the wallpaper.

What construction PVA is ideal for is gluing corners and edges that have come off, including after adjusting the joints.

How to glue wallpaper on PVA:

1. Smooth walls must be covered with putty, rough walls with a primer.
2. Glue must be diluted with water to enhance fluidity.
3. The composition is applied to walls or wallpaper with a roller or notched trowel. It is quite inconvenient to work with a brush, especially on surfaces with a large area.
4. Movements go from the center to the edge of the wallpaper.
5. If bubbles form during gluing, they are carefully leveled with a dry, clean cloth or roller. It is even better to use a piece of paper: this way the bubbles will come out faster and new ones will not form.
6. When the adhesive gets on front side wallpaper must be removed immediately with a slightly damp cloth or use anti-glue.

Construction PVA glue opens up to the maximum with best sides only subject to certain rules:

1. Glue is applied only on a surface previously cleaned of dust and dirt. It is also recommended to degrease it.
2. The surface must be dry before applying the adhesive.
3. It is recommended to spread the glue on only one surface, as applying it to both glued parts will only reduce the effectiveness of the glue.
4. Usually the packaging indicates whether the material needs to be diluted and in what proportions. Construction glue in its pure form is rarely used, mainly for gluing some types of wallpaper.
5. Thickness of the put layer - no more than 2 mm.
6. Before use, it is recommended to mix the diluted adhesive thoroughly.
7. Work with the composition is carried out at a temperature not lower than +10 degrees and relative humidity no more than 80%.
8. For gluing, it is usually advised to firmly press the surfaces and hold them for about 2-3 minutes. In fact, for the best result, it is necessary to fix objects with less force, but longer in time.
9. It is not necessary to disturb the fastened surfaces during drying.

Glue based on polyvinyl acetate successfully performs its tasks. First of all, it is indispensable for mixing putty and cement compaction. Its composition is constantly being improved, thanks to its excellent technical characteristics, ease of use, availability and environmental friendliness, PVA construction adhesive leads the construction market.

PVA glue is an aqueous emulsion of vinyl acetate polymer with special additives that improve the plasticity and elasticity of the composition.

In addition to its direct purpose - gluing paper, wood, leather, etc., PVA glue is used as an improver for putties and mortars.

Concrete and cement-sand mortar, to which polyvinyl acetate dispersion is added, acquires better plasticity, the composition sets faster.

Usage PVA as a plasticizer additive- an effective technique that allows you to solve various problems. So, thanks to the mixing of cement with PVA glue, the floor screed better fills all the voids, clings more strongly to concrete base, cracks do not form on the surface of the finished screed.

By adding the dispersion to an ordinary cement-sand mortar, you can get a good tile adhesive. As part of the base plaster, PVA prevents the formation of cracks, improves adhesion with brick wall, eliminates sprinkling of the surface. Sometimes an aqueous emulsion of vinyl acetate polymer is also used as a masonry mortar improver.

What PVA glue can be added to cement mortar

It should be noted that for construction purposes only suitable:

Universal PVA glue (PVA-MB)- viscous homogeneous mass white color with a yellowish tint. It is used as an improver of any concrete mixtures on water based, putties and primers. PVA-MB withstands up to 8 freeze-thaw cycles. All-purpose construction adhesive for cement mortar is sold in plastic container up to 10 liters. 1 kg of glue costs about 80 rubles.

PVA dispersion is a polyvinyl acetate homopolymer emulsion with excellent binding properties and excellent adhesion to various building materials. It is produced in two versions: plasticized (afraid of frost) and non-plasticized (frost-resistant).

Attention! PVA clerical glue, intended for gluing paper, is categorically not recommended as a plasticizer, since it consists of 60-80 percent starch. Wood glue is also not suitable for these purposes, because. it contains a large number of carboxymethyl cellulose.

Correctly add PVA glue to the solution - step by step instructions

The proportions of PVA and cement in the solution can be from 5 to 20 percent. How much to add PVA glue to the cement mortar? It depends on its purpose and scope.

For a floor screed, 5% -12% of the polymer content will be enough. IN tile adhesive the ratio of PVA and cement is usually made 1:5.

Cooking process plaster mortar with the addition of PVA:

1. Cement brand M400 dry mixed with sand in a ratio of 1:3;
2. Then water is added to the mixture until the desired consistency of the solution is obtained;
3. Next, PVA-MB is introduced into the mass at the rate of 50-70 grams of glue per 10 liters of solution. To quickly mix cement with PVA to a homogeneous structure, the glue is diluted with water to a milky state.

A plaster mortar prepared using a polymer plasticizer lays down better and sticks to the base, sets faster.

Similarly, PVA glue is added to concrete mortar. IN this case it is recommended to use the proportion: 200 grams of glue per 10 liters of solution. The plasticizer improves the mobility of concrete, increases the final strength. In the process of drying, PVA polymerizes, which increases the water resistance of concrete.

Attention! As an admixture for mortar or concrete, only universal construction PVA-MB. Household and office glue is suitable only for working with paper, its use in cement mortars is unacceptable.

Add an aqueous emulsion of vinyl acetate polymer to masonry mortars experts do not recommend, since the polyvinyl acetate dispersion withstands a limited number of freeze-thaw cycles.

Can another glue be used?

PVA is the most affordable plasticizer. There are also more expensive analogues that are intended directly for use as an additive to the solution:

• Latexkol is a latex plasticizer additive for tile adhesives. It is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:1. It makes the mortar more elastic, increases adhesion and strength, increases resistance to moisture, cracking and other deformations. A 3.75-liter Latexkol canister from Litokol costs about 1000-1200 rubles.

• Plasticizer INTER PLAST AT- superplasticizing mixture based on aqueous solution modified surfactants. The additive increases the mobility of concrete mixtures, increases the strength of concrete by 21%, reduces cement consumption by up to 15%. 1 liter of plasticizer costs about 150 rubles.

PVA has been used to improve the quality of cement-sand mortar since Soviet times, when it was very difficult to purchase high-quality tile adhesive and ready-made plaster mixes. Today, when there is a huge variety of modern and inexpensive dry building mixes on the market, there is no need to resort to alternative technologies.

Polyvinyl acetate is an adhesive emulsion pre-diluted in water. PVA glue is used in the construction industry as an additive to the cement mix to improve technical performance. Often, such compounds are used in plastering and leveling work, and they also have excellent adhesion to any surface.

Changing the material when adding glue

The proportions and technology of addition are determined depending on the purposefulness of the purpose, but basically the glue is already added in a form diluted with water. These types of solutions must not be used in rooms with high humidity, since the adhesive is able to absorb moisture, as a result of which the layer may collapse or crack.

Polyvinyl acetate emulsion refers to one of the varieties of polymers and is used as a plasticizer. It practically does not have a pronounced odor and toxic substances, due to which dangerous compounds are not released during drying and evaporation of moisture. As a rule, no more than 10% of the total amount of PVA is added. cement mixture, it provides the following positive qualities:

1. Increased plasticity and viscosity.
2. Increases strength characteristics for bending after complete solidification.
3. The design is capable of withstanding a tensile load of at least 1.3 kg/cm².
4. Increases the adhesive properties of cement-based compounds, it depends on their purpose. To obtain high-quality tile adhesive, the amount can be 15-20% of the total volume.
5. Simplifies the work and application of the mortar on the base.

Polyvinyl acetate homopolymer emulsion should not be used for finishing wet rooms exposed to hot steam. In this case, hydrolysis is accelerated, which contributes to a constant conversion to alcohol even in the composition of concrete. Thus, when plastering walls in bathrooms, baths, saunas, swimming pools, as well as areas exposed to a humid environment, PVA is not used.

Another disadvantage is the lack of control over the curing of the mixture, that is, in the process of application and drying, there are no exact indications for the curing time. This is due to the fact that grasping polymer material occurs independently of the hydration of the concrete.

Glue is added to the DSP only of a certain brand. Types such as wallpaper or stationery are not suitable due to their high starch content, and wood adhesives have many unnecessary compounds and impurities that are not compatible with cement.

For the manufacture of mortar it is best to use an aqueous dispersion containing more than 55% polymer additives. It is produced in plastic containers weighing 1-30 kg with a shelf life of up to 6 months.

Proportions and cooking technology

Glue is added in two ways. In the first case, PVA is poured in diluted form: the emulsion is poured into a vessel with water and completely mixed until a transparent consistency is obtained. In the second version, it is used in an undiluted concentrated state.

The ratio of DSP ingredients should be selected based on its purpose:

1. If the adhesive is used in a diluted state, then no more than 10% is considered the optimal amount. That is, 0.5 l of PVA is taken for 25 kg of cement.
2. For pouring a concrete floor: 1 part binder, 2 sand, 3 fine gravel, 0.2 glue and 0.05 alkali-resistant pigment. Water is poured in for proper mobility.
3. When laying tiles, the emulsion should be about 20% of the total volume. The proportions of cement with sand are 1:5, while the binder should be chosen with the brand M400 or more. Water may be in the smallest amount or absent altogether. When tiling on concrete or aerated concrete slabs By adding glue to the solution, it will get rid of the preparation of notches.
4. The proportions for restoring screeds are 1:3:0.5 of cement, sand and emulsion, respectively. Also pour in 4% epoxy resin. Then the mixture will have excellent adhesion to the old concrete.
5. At plastering works a cement mortar and PVA glue are used in a ratio of 1: 0.07. In this case, the composition should already be ready for use. Sand is recommended to be applied clean and sifted from debris in the optimal amount of 1:3.