Warming with basalt wool: step by step instructions. Roof insulation with mineral wool How to properly and how to cut basalt insulation

There are always a lot of questions about how and how to cut mineral wool. Especially for those who are going to build housing on their own (for example, frame, which involves assembling on their own). Indeed, in its structure it is a fibrous material, moreover, having a certain thickness. Ordinary table knives or scissors designed for cutting cardboard or thick fabrics will not work here at all.

However, before you start cutting mineral wool, it is important to deliver it correctly to the construction site. Indeed, otherwise, the material brought to the state of marriage will not have to be cut, but simply replaced with a new one. And this is an additional cost.

Science is simple, but very important. So:

plates and mats are transported in a horizontal position;
the truck must be with a protective awning;
transportation is carried out only in packaged form;
during transportation, loading and unloading, it is important not to compress the insulation too much;
unpack the mineral wool immediately before starting work on insulation.

What will we cut

This can be done with different devices, depending on the thickness of the mineral wool.

Thin materials (max. 50 mm):

Thicker and denser materials:

special knives about 300 mm long. Often they are offered by manufacturers of insulating materials. Such a tool has teeth of different sizes for cutting mineral wool of different thicknesses and densities;
saws with undivided teeth;
hacksaw for metal;
cutting machines. They are used when cutting elements of complex shape. However, for independent construction own house, that is, for a single use, it is not advisable to purchase such expensive equipment - you will have to adapt to the capabilities of other tools.

How to cut

in case of independent construction, when the workers do not have sufficient experience, it is advisable to consult with specialists before starting cutting, especially if pieces of complex shape are expected. This will help prevent unnecessary consumption of insulation;
the cutting tool must be well sharpened so that the mineral wool does not tear into fibers and is less “dusty”;
when cutting the insulation, it should be borne in mind that in order to ensure a tight overlap of the insulated space with mineral wool, it is necessary to leave allowances of about 2 cm;
it is better to cut rolled mineral wool before unfolding it;
mineral wool boards must be taken out of the package and cut one at a time;
it is not recommended to cut mineral wool "for the future" - immediately for the entire scope of work. This increases the risk of accidental damage to its shape when additional shifting from place to place or folding pieces on top of each other.

It is important to create a safe working environment

This is really important. As in any business, observing simple safety precautions will help maintain health, carry out work in optimal time and at a high quality level. What you need to pay attention to:

it is better to cut the insulation in cool weather, since for work it is necessary to wear a protective suit made of dense material, which will prevent skin contact with mineral wool fibers and its irritation;
to protect hands, put on special gloves - with silicone or rubber coating on the palms;
special glasses will be needed to protect the eyes;
respiratory organs will be protected by a respirator.

Such measures must be observed, since when cutting the insulation from under the knives, material particles rise into the air. Which can get into the eyes, respiratory tract, and also cause skin irritation.

In addition, it is important to remember:

when working with this type of insulation, it is necessary to periodically arrange a break, during which the room should be ventilated;
it is necessary to shift the cut pieces carefully, without throwing, in order to reduce the amount of fibrous suspension in the air;
there should be no children on the construction site at this time, even in protective equipment.

As can be seen from the above, there is nothing super complicated in cutting mineral wool. Subject to the indicated rules, it will not be difficult to perform work efficiently and safely.

Sooner or later, each of us is faced with the need for construction or repair, one of the pressing issues of which is thermal insulation. Its relevance is due to the exponentially growing costs of electricity and heating and related thoughts about saving energy resources, as well as excessive concern about the environmental safety of the building materials used, due to the emerging increase in cancer incidence. Despite the fact that the construction market offers the consumer a wide variety of heaters, characterized by certain advantages, considering the features of materials from this variety in the process of choosing a heater, basalt wool is often preferred, the features of which will be discussed in this article.

Internal or external insulation: what to prefer?

As already mentioned, sooner or later the question of saving energy resources becomes acute. How to save money on heating a house or apartment? In civilized countries, the answer to this question has long been found, the solution of which lies in the implementation of insulation of houses, cottages, apartments and other buildings. In addition, the feasibility of this method of insulation has been fully proven, as evidenced by the widespread consumption of this building material, which is in third place among building materials in the process of cost analysis for the construction of buildings.

Important! We can talk about the expediency of warming in two cases: if you have purchased new house that needs improvements to ensure a comfortable stay, or are designing a new home from scratch.

Talking about expediency various kinds insulation, it should be noted that the opinions of experts in this case differ. Some stubbornly confirm the feasibility of internal insulation, while others, on the contrary, believe that the building, first of all, should be subjected to external insulation, since the internal one is sufficient complex process, the question of the expediency of which is decided in each specific case.

Important! Beginners in the field of insulation often rely on the opinion of "specialists" or advice on the relevant forums and prefer internal insulation, which subsequently causes condensation and mold to appear on the walls of the house. The reason for this is the use of wool or dense foam, which, if mounted on internal walls, prevent the walls from drying out, which remain always wet.

Disadvantages of internal insulation:

The strength and low thermal conductivity of the insulation, combined with high noise insulation characteristics, which cannot be compensated even due to the high cost of the material;
The presence of seams at the junctions of the insulation reduces the performance of the material, making it insufficiently sealed;
In the process of working with this heat-insulating material, small pieces break off from it, which contribute to raising a column of the smallest basalt dust and necessitating the use of respirators or covering the surface of the insulation with a layer of a waterproofing membrane;
The high vapor permeability of the material contributes to the inexpediency of using insulation in some cases, such as insulation of a foundation or basement floor, when basalt wool can be replaced with expanded polystyrene.

Basalt wool photo

Scope of basalt wool: basic provisions

The use of basalt insulation is relevant in the process of construction and subsequent insulation of almost any building structures. It can be used to insulate both roofs of any shape, as well as walls, partitions and ceilings. In addition, the use of basalt wool may be relevant where the feasibility of using another insulation is minimal. To verify this, consider the main areas of use of basalt wool:

Insulation of rooms characterized by high humidity(for example, baths or saunas);
Use in the process of installation of hinged facades of a ventilated type, as well as "wet" facades;
Application as a heater of walls built of sandwich panels and made according to the principle of "layered masonry";
Insulation of ship cabins and other ship structures;
Use for insulation of pipelines, the surface temperature of which varies from -120 to +1000 degrees;
Basalt wool as a fireproof insulation prevents the fire of ventilation pipes and other building structures.

Important! The use of rigid mats made of basalt wool is especially important where the impact of both installation and operational loads that exceed the allowable values is expected. If you intend to insulate a ventilated facade, experts recommend using basalt wool, consisting of two layers, each of which is characterized by a different density. In this case, a layer with a looser structure is located on the inside of the heat-insulating layer and is in contact with the wall surface, and the second, which is characterized by more dense texture must be located outside, on the ventilation side.

Operational and technical characteristics of basalt wool

For the manufacture of basalt wool, basalt and some related mineral rocks of the basalt group and close to it are used. To ensure greater fluidity of thin basalt fibers, the manufacturer includes from 10 to 35% limestone or charge into the melt, which helps to transform the structure of the fiber and weaken its susceptibility to the influence of aggressive environmental factors, including high temperatures. Due to the inclusion of third-party components in the composition of such a fiber, it is incorrect to call it basalt, and it is called "basalt mineral wool". Such a fiber is called basalt superfine fiber (BSTV). It is thinner and shorter (thickness 1-3 microns, length 50 mm).

Technical characteristics of mineral basalt wool:

The heat-insulating material, which is based on the use of BDST, is characterized by resistance to vibration. During the production of basalt wool, it undergoes vibrothermal treatment at a temperature of 900 degrees, after which the loss in its mass remains minimal and does not exceed 0.35%, which is primarily due to long-fiber. In this regard, experts came to the conclusion that the quality and performance characteristics of basalt wool directly depend on the length of its fibers. An equally important parameter is the degree and nature of crystallization, which helps to maintain the optimal level of elasticity and strength characteristics.
Basalt wool based on basalt thin fibers (BTV) is characterized by lower vibration resistance. In the process of vibration for 3 hours at a temperature of 600 degrees, the mass loss from the initial state is at least 2%, however, when the temperature reaches 900 degrees, the mass loss increases to 12%. In this regard, the conclusion suggests itself that wool based on short fibers is less vibration resistant.
Having studied the technical characteristics of basalt wool, one cannot fail to note the absolute incombustibility of the material. Under the influence of high temperatures, there is no destruction of the basalt wool fibers, which remain bound and demonstrate high strength.
Thermal conductivity and hydrophobization of basalt wool. Due to the fact that basalt wool fibers do not retain moisture, it always remains dry and retains its thermal insulation characteristics. Hydrophobization is a natural obstacle to the accumulation of moisture, and therefore, there is no increase in the total weight of the structure. This, in turn, prevents the occurrence of mechanical damage.

Important! Despite hydrophobization, features chemical composition basalt wool determine its slight hygroscopicity, the presence of which guarantees the stability of the thermophysical characteristics of the material, even despite the duration of its use.

Benefits of basalt wool

According to experts, basalt wool has many advantages over other thermal insulation materials. Let's see what they are.

One-component basalt wool- one of its main advantages, which implies the use in the process of its production of only one breed - basalt. However, modern production technologies involve the inclusion of a charge or limestone in its composition, which contribute to an increase in the fluidity of the fibers. Despite this, experts admit that these features of its production may adversely affect the stability of the heat-insulating material to high temperatures. It is important to know that basalt wool is a qualitatively new material, the production features of which allow it to be used as the main heat insulator for residential and administrative buildings, as well as pipelines and refrigeration units;

High heat and sound insulation qualities, due to the low thermal conductivity of the material, which contributes to a significant reduction in financial costs for space heating. The soundproofing of the material is due to its fibrous structure, which reduces the propagation speed and subsequently dampens sound and vibration waves, converting them into thermal energy;
As for high thermal insulation characteristics, then they are achieved due to the air, which is located between the fibers and is characterized by a low coefficient of thermal conductivity;
An equally significant advantage of basalt wool is its long operating life, which, according to experts, is from 30 to 40 years, but in practice it shows even higher rates;

Resistance to chemically aggressive substances(organic oils, acids, alkalis and solvents);
Material water resistance, which is achieved due to the inclusion of specialized hydrophobic additives in its composition. The low moisture content in the structure of the material, in turn, contributes to an increase in the thermal insulation characteristics of the material;

Resistance to damage by mold and fungal microorganisms- one of the important qualities that are important for the insulation of residential premises;
High density stone wool slabs allows them to withstand increased mechanical loads, and also makes it possible to decorate the material with protective compounds;
Weather resistance, implying the preservation of the original performance characteristics under the influence of temperature and humidity changes;
Short specific gravity , due to the fibrous structure of the material;
Convenience masonry, achieved by large square slabs that immediately cover large areas.

Disadvantages of basalt wool and ways to level them

Despite all the above advantages, basalt wool is characterized by certain disadvantages, which under certain conditions can be minimized. Let's see what they are.

The structural features of the material contribute to excessive absorption of moisture, which helps to reduce the thermal insulation characteristics of the material. How to deal with this shortcoming? Experts believe that the most optimal solution to this issue is foiling or lining an additional vapor barrier layer during installation. However, the latter option is less preferred, since the adhesive used for this reduces the fire resistance of the material. Another way out, during the implementation of which the operational characteristics of the material do not decrease, is the purchase of pierced basalt mats;
In the process of choosing a variety of basalt wool, it is necessary to focus on the conditions in which its operation will be carried out. If you plan to insulate the house with basalt wool, which is located in conditions of high humidity, experts recommend giving preference to aluminum-coated basalt wool. If at the same time it is necessary to ensure the resistance of the coating to elevated temperatures, then the foil used for this should not be glued to the base, but stitched with galvanized wire. The hydrophobicity indices are also significantly higher for products made with foamed rubber.

Given the above, we can conclude that, despite the presence of certain shortcomings in this material, they can be easily eliminated under certain conditions.

Basalt wool: the choice of the manufacturer depending on the operating conditions of the structure

TechnoNIKOL- one of the largest Russian corporations engaged in the production and supply of heat and waterproofing materials. For the first time, TechnoNIKOL products appeared on the Russian market in 1992, and today there are at least 40 production sites throughout Russia, the countries of the former USSR, as well as some EU countries;

rockwool- a company headquartered in Denmark, and 23 production sites - in 15 countries. The main direction of the corporation is the presentation of its products not only as heat-insulating materials. But also an integrated system, which is a reliable solution even in the most complex issues of thermal insulation;
Isover- one of the famous French brands engaged in the production of stone wool and fiberglass insulation materials. As for Russia, it is one of the largest platforms for the sale of the company's goods, where the development of this trademark carried out in two directions - technical isolation and private construction.
Unconditional leadership in the Russian market of basalt wool belongs to TechnoNIKOL and Rockwool. The German-Austrian corporation Izorok does not plan to yield to them either, for the production of which fiber is used. top quality. In this connection, it is characterized by low thermal conductivity.
The Kharkov company "Termolife" also works with fiber of similar quality, the products of which are in no way inferior to other well-known brands.

Important! It should be noted that the production of basalt wool is carried out in accordance with GOST and technical specifications developed by each individual enterprise for the production of its unique products. Moreover, in this case the generally accepted rule for food products does not work, according to which the highest quality products are produced in accordance with GOST. In the case of thermal insulation materials, the situation is different, since modern boards of one brand or another are produced in accordance with the rules developed by the manufacturer, and are the latest development of the company.

For insulation of unloaded structures, such as attics, attics, partitions and internal walls, it is recommended to use plates of the above brands: Technolight, Isolight, Isolight Lux, Thermolife Light and others;
Quite popular products manufactured by TechnoNICOL Corporation are Rocklight boards and TechnoRoll rolls. They are characterized by a density of 30 kg/m3 and are mainly used for unloaded horizontal structures.

Important! When choosing a material with certain performance characteristics, a general rule applies: for horizontally located unloaded structures, stone wool with any density can be used, while for vertical unloaded structures it is recommended to use a material with a density of at least 35 kg / m3.

If you choose a material for arranging the middle heat-insulating layer of layered masonry, it is recommended to use a material whose name uses the words "kaviti" and "block": "Technoblock Standard", "Thermolife Kaviti". In this case, the density of the material must be at least 45 kg/m3.
For insulation of hinged ventilated facades, it is recommended to use Technofas, Thermolife Facade, Isofas insulation.

The technology for installing basalt wool is quite simple, and therefore, insulating a house using this material most likely will not cause difficulties. When insulating a house, it is recommended to use basalt wool in the form of rectangular or wedge-shaped slabs, since they are most easily joined together during installation.

Before insulating with basalt wool, prepare the following materials and tools:

Basalt wool in the form of plates;
Wooden slats;
glassine;
Knife and construction nails;
Mounting foam;
Hammer and grinding grater.

Before starting work, remove all cracks and defects from the surface with polyurethane foam, which can be replaced with tow or felt.

Next, a vapor barrier layer is installed, protecting the insulation from the negative effects of moisture, which can condense on the inner surface of the roof. To maintain the performance characteristics of the material, it is necessary to organize effective ventilation. If you are insulating the roof from the inside, in order to prevent the accumulation of moisture in the heat-insulating material, organize a vapor barrier layer between the wool and the roofing material, which is a special film that creates a gap between the roof and the insulation and prevents the accumulation of moisture. As a vapor barrier layer, it is recommended to use foil, polyethylene film or glassine, which is attached using a construction stapler or double sided tape, which creates additional tightness in the process of laying thermal insulation.

Important! The laying of the waterproofing layer is carried out directly under the roof. The waterproofing material performs the function of a kind of barrier that prevents the penetration of moisture not only to the heat insulator, but also wooden elements designs. As a waterproofing, a polyethylene film is used, the strips of which are overlapped. In this case, the lower strips are first fixed, and then the upper ones are laid so that they overlap the lower ones.

If the thickness of the thermal insulation material is 50 mm, it is attached to the rafters using a construction stapler. At the same time, under the slabs of basalt wool, a crate of wooden slats. If the thickness of the heat-insulating material is 100 mm, it is placed in a spacer between the rafters. In this case, screws, glue and mastic are used.

We warm the house with basalt wool: a step-by-step guide

Warming frame house begins with the installation of a cornice made of metal. It is attached to the wall with dowels in the area of \u200b\u200bthe base. The cornice is designed to facilitate the installation of insulation and protect the material from the negative effects of rodents;

Next, the heat-insulating boards are fixed with a polymer cement adhesive, which provides secure fastening slabs to the wall base. The glue is distributed evenly over the surface of the plate, after which it is pressed against the wall structure. The insulation is mounted in the direction from the bottom up and from right to left. First of all, whole slabs are fixed, and after covering large areas with thermal insulation, the insulation is mounted in small areas for which the slabs need to be cut;

In conclusion, the surface is leveled with a grinding trowel, which is necessary in order to subsequently carry out an effective installation of a ventilated facade.

Installation of basalt wool video

To achieve the required thermal insulation flat roof, mineral wool boards are sometimes laid in two layers.

Sound insulation of a wooden floor can be provided by granulated mineral wool.

Practical plates with ventilation grooves.

Slabs with a variable section are used to give the roof a slope for water drainage.

Two-layer insulation made of mineral wool is also used in exploited attics.

Lamellar mineral wool board is primarily used for wall insulation in "wet" type insulation systems.

If the building is one-story, you can not leave a ventilation gap in a three-layer wall.

The broken lines applied to the surface of mineral wool products greatly simplify the process of cutting and measuring.

Mineral wool boards must be precisely cut so that after laying there are no gaps between them, which act as "cold bridges".

Soft, resilient mineral wool is great for soundproofing frame walls and wall insulation from the inside.

How much mineral wool insulation is in one pack?

The mats are rolled up, the boards are packed in packs of several pieces, depending on the thickness of the board. Usually one pack occupies a volume of about 0.3–0.4 m 3 and weighs from 10 to 70 kg. To find out how many packs are needed to perform insulation, just go to the manufacturer's website on the Internet or look into its catalog: there are tables with calculations for plates and mats of all types and sizes.

Heaters - under the knife

Mineral wool insulation cut long sharp knife or a hacksaw. It is necessary to leave an allowance: about 0.5 cm - in slabs and 1-2 cm - in mats, so that after installation the material tightly fills the insulated space. Rolled insulation is easier to cut before it is unrolled than after. Plates are best cut one at a time, each separately.

Transport and storage

Mineral wool insulation must be transported in closed vehicles. They must be well protected from the weather and well secured during transport. Mineral wool mats and felts are packed in a compressed state during transportation and storage, which significantly reduces their volume. It is necessary to protect mineral wool from moisture, so it is better to store it in dry, enclosed spaces. The plates are stacked one on top of the other in stacks no higher than 2 m, and mats and rolls are installed vertically in one row. Walking on hard slabs should be avoided and it is strictly forbidden to walk on the spread out soft mineral wool - it can be easily damaged.

It is important to know

Safety measures when working with mineral wool

Mineral wool is a material that emits dust. Therefore, during its cutting and installation, it is necessary:

wear gloves and protective clothing;
when laying the slabs, wear protective goggles and a mask over your mouth and nose;
ensure good ventilation in the workplace;
after completion of work with mineral wool wash hands thoroughly and remove dust from clothing.

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Scheme of basalt insulation.

thermal insulation and hydrophobization. The first parameter is from 0.042 to 0.048 W/mK. Approximately the same characteristics have other known insulation materials (for example, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam). Mineral wool is not able to accumulate moisture (hygroscopicity - less than 1%), which makes its weight unchanged. Distinctive feature it can be called vapor permeability, which guarantees insulation and at the same time intensive moisture exchange between the external environment and the walls of the building;

For cutting basalt insulation, it is best to use a mounting knife.

Scheme of insulation using basalt wool.

Based on site materials: http://1poteply.ru

fix-builder.ru

What will we cut

On an industrial scale, a special tool is used to cut mineral insulation. machine tools. Consider how to cut mineral wool insulation yourself at home.

Often, a mounting knife is used to cut mineral wool. But it has one drawback - a short blade, which is not suitable for working with thick insulation boards. In addition, the blade becomes dull quickly and needs to be replaced.

Sometimes a special hacksaw is used for wood or metal, and craftsmen found how to cut mineral wool at home - a kitchen serrated knife for cutting bread.

Knife with stainless steel blade

Knife for cutting insulation with a long blade made of durable stainless steel suitable for working with mineral wool of any thickness. To cut the insulation of different stiffness, there are larger and smaller teeth on each side. Such a blade easily enters the thickness of the plate, allowing you to make even curly cuts thanks to the sharp tip.

Knife with carbon steel blade

Mineral wool cutting knife with carbon steel blade It has high quality cutting and easy to sharpen. However, it requires more care than a stainless steel blade, as it is prone to rust. It must be wiped dry after each use and lubricated.

Example: MORA knife for cutting mineral wool

The Swedish company MORA produces tools for cutting mineral insulation. Knife with a blade stainless steel is used for cutting stone wool and glass mineral wool. The blade is made of special cold-rolled stainless steel and has a serrated edge. Ergonomic and comfortable plastic handle suitable for use with gloves. Its characteristics:

total length - 500 mm;
blade length - 335 mm;
blade thickness - 1 mm;
weight - 0.238 kg.

Knife with a blade carbon steel used for cutting mineral insulation different types. It has a smooth, high-quality carbon steel blade with a length of 350 mm. The plastic handle provides a good grip when wearing work gloves.

How to cut mineral wool

Mineral wool is fibers in structure, and accordingly, when it is cut, small particles of these fibers enter the air. To prevent them from getting into the respiratory tract and on the skin, it is important to create safe conditions works:

ensure good ventilation in the work area;
use overalls and protective equipment - overalls, gloves, a mask or respirator, goggles;
Wash thoroughly immediately after finishing work. cold water hands and then face.

To minimize the amount of harmful dust in the air, cutting mineral wool should be done with tools with a well-sharpened, sharp working edge. Better to cut across the grain.

To obtain strips of the same width, mineral insulation produced in rolls is recommended to be first cut directly in a roll, without unfolding, and mineral wool boards are cut one at a time.

To ensure even and accurate cuts, you must first mark the material or cut directly along the ruler.

What to do with scraps and mineral wool residues

If trimmings remain after working with mineral wool, you can use them for insulation, for example, a garage or a barn. Some choose such a budget option for insulation, so that you can sell the leftovers at a low price.

There is also the option of recycling waste for recycling purposes. In this case, the remains of mineral wool boards are crushed using special equipment.

uteplix.com

Essential information for working with mineral wool

The specificity of the installation of mineral wool, its transportation and storage is to provide the conditions necessary for the longest possible preservation of its qualities. Usually, recommendations are given by manufacturers for a specific brand and type of material, but there are a number of simple universal rules that must be followed when working with mineral wool.

Basalt mineral wool: we transport and store correctly

Transportation with subsequent storage has its own characteristics, since mineral wool for insulation is able to quickly absorb moisture from the air. Therefore, its transportation in closed vehicles with subsequent storage in dry rooms is a prerequisite to prevent the loss of the most important qualities.

Mats should be transported and stored in compressed form and in packages - this makes it possible to reduce the occupied volume.

Laying of plates should be carried out in stacks with a height of less than 2 m, roll packages and mats should be installed in a vertical position.

It is forbidden to walk on mineral wool that has been unpacked and unpacked, as it may be damaged.

Mineral wool cutting

Today you can buy mineral wool both in rolls and in the form of slabs and mats. To fit it to the desired size, you should use a sharp long knife or a hacksaw, leaving allowances at the edges (in mats of 1-2 cm, in slabs of 0.5 cm). Allowances are necessary to completely fill the cut piece of mineral wool in the insulated space.

Mineral wool is easier to cut in rolls before it is unrolled, and it is better to cut slabs individually.

The amount of insulation

Mineral wool is packaged by rolling mats of the same size into rolls, while slabs in a pack can be different amount depending on their thickness. On average, a pack has a volume of 0.3-0.4 m 3, its weight is 12-70 kg.

To calculate the number of packs of such insulation, you can use the catalogs provided by manufacturers on the Internet. There are tables for the most accurate calculation. required material(both in the form of plates and in the form of mats of various sizes).

Safety precautions when working with mineral wool

You should be aware that there is a special safety precaution in the process of working with this material, which prevents its negative impact on human health: basalt mineral wool emits dust that is extremely dangerous for people working with it.

When cutting and further installing this insulation, the following rules should be observed:

use protective clothing made of dense fabric and construction gloves;
when laying the plates on the eyes, put on special glasses, on the face - a protective mask;
after work, be sure to wash your hands, change clothes or clean them thoroughly.

Good ventilation in the workplace avoids negative impact dust from mineral wool on human health.

Since the technical characteristics of mineral wool from different manufacturers may differ significantly, there are several practical advice, making it possible to obtain high-quality insulation for any initial data of mineral wool.

These include:

When insulating a flat roof, mineral wool should be laid in two layers.
To increase the degree of sound insulation, it is recommended to use granular mineral wool.
The most practical are plates with ventilation grooves.
When erecting a one-story building, a three-layer wall may not have a ventilation slot.
Operated attics are most often insulated with two layers of mineral wool.
Precise cutting of mineral wool slabs guarantees the absence of gaps and the likelihood of “cold bridges”.

The presence of broken lines on the insulation boards facilitates the process of measuring and subsequent cutting.

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Operational features of basalt wool

Basalt and other rocks of its group are used for manufacturing. Thin fibers are taken, in the melt of which limestone (10-15%) or charge is added. Additives increase the resistance of the material to excessive high temperature, aggressive environment. As a result, a heater appeared, which has sufficiently high performance characteristics:

thermal insulation and hydrophobization. The first parameter is from 0.042 to 0.048 W/mK. Approximately the same characteristics have other known insulation materials (for example, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam). Mineral wool is not able to accumulate moisture (hygroscopicity - less than 1%), which makes its weight unchanged. A distinctive feature can be called vapor permeability, which guarantees insulation and at the same time intensive moisture exchange between the external environment and the walls of the building;
density, strength. The insulation has a sufficient density (from 30 to 100 kg / m3), which guarantees high thermal insulation properties with optimal strength. The rigidity of the material is provided by the direction of the fibers; they are located in the horizontal and vertical direction;
soundproofing. good performance noise protection is achieved due to the porous structure of the wool;
resistance to aggressive environment. Cotton wool is "indifferent" to alkali, acids; does not rot, is not affected by fungus. Rodents also bypass this insulation;
fire resistance. Basalt wool is able to withstand heating up to + 700 ° C. This protects the structure from complete destruction in a fire and gives time for the evacuation of residents;
health safety. In the production, resins containing harmful substances (formaldehyde, phenol) are used. However, compliance with the technology involves their introduction into the composition of the insulation in a chemically bound state. Substances become completely neutral with respect to environment and pose no danger to humans.

However, if mineral wool is produced by an artisanal method, then there is a danger to health. Therefore, it is more expedient to purchase material from trusted manufacturers.

Exterior wall insulation technology

The facade is insulated with cotton wool using glue and special dowels with a large cap. The material is supplied in the form of rolls, plates, which are cut into pieces of the desired size. You will also need a metal profile or wooden bars, between which the insulation will be fixed. You can cut the material with an ordinary sharpened knife. However, if the density is high enough (80-100 kg / cubic meter), then you will have to cut it with a hacksaw for wood. Facade insulation is carried out in the following order:

a vapor barrier film is attached to the wall; it should let moisture out under the mineral wool slabs and keep cold air out of the house;
further, wooden bars or a metal profile are attached to the wall in a vertical position. Their width should correspond to the thickness of the insulation. The interval between the racks should be such that the mineral wool is inserted with little effort;
the insulation is fastened with glue and special dowels if the wall is stone, or with nails (self-tapping screws) with large washers if the surface is wooden. For 1 sq. m you need 5-6 pieces;
it is recommended to lay a windproof membrane on the fixed basalt wool, the joints of which are glued with adhesive tape;
to ensure ventilation under subsequent decorative coating it is desirable to make a counter-lattice of wooden bars or a metal profile 10-15 mm high above the slabs.

This technology is suitable when facade insulation is required for siding. However, in some cases, for example, in multi-storey buildings, it is required to fix the insulation more rigidly. In this case, it is additionally fixed on the surface with glue, while reinforcement is carried out. This operation strengthens the structure, dampens the thermal expansion of the material, which can contribute to the formation of cracks and increase thermal conductivity.

Reinforcement is carried out on an already installed insulation using special glue and alkali-resistant mesh. First, glue is applied on which the mesh is laid, then it is covered with another layer of adhesive. final decorative trim can be made using facade paint, decorative plaster.

Features of installation of mineral wool insulation

The manufacturer produces the material in the form of rolls or plates. Mineral wool insulation is used for walls, roofs or interior partitions. In the latter case, mainly to achieve good soundproofing parameters of the structure. During installation, the requirements for insulation are taken into account, which you need to know when buying:

installation in a sloping roof involves the use of cotton wool with a density of at least 30-40 kg / cu. m, otherwise the material will simply sag over time. Recommended thickness - 15 cm;
the arrangement of partitions should be carried out using mineral wool with a density of 50 kg / cu. m. Increased density is needed to ensure high-quality noise isolation;
load-bearing walls are best insulated from the outside, because. this will bring the dew point, where condensation will form, to the outside of the wall. The density of the material must be at least 80 kg / cu. m, and the thickness is 10 cm.

Modern mineral wool is a high-quality insulation that has been tested for more than a dozen years. Current technologies have made this material completely safe to install and operate, and the technical characteristics, combined with the cost, leave behind the closest competitors.

1poteply.ru

What types of mineral wool are there?

Mineral wool is usually classified according to the principle of the material from which it is made. From this follows the conclusion that mineral wool made from different source materials also differs in structure - fibers, and, accordingly, in the type of cutting. So there are the following types of mineral wool:

Glass mineral wool. Consists of melted glass.
Stone mineral wool. It is made most often from various melts of rocks.
Slag mineral wool. The starting material is blast-furnace slag.

In fact, you should pay attention to the fact that sometimes mineral wool is harmful. This is due to the fact that it contains dust and phenol-formaldehyde resins. Therefore, it is necessary to treat this material selectively, although mineral wool cannot be classified as a human carcinogen.

How to cut mineral wool:

Mineral wool cutting can be carried out both independently at home and using various equipment. Equipment for cutting mineral wool boards can be different. The issue is scale. Mineral wool cutting machine is suitable for serious and large scale - for enterprises, manufacturers, etc. But a knife for cutting mineral wool will become an indispensable assistant in cutting insulating materials at home.

It is important that cutting mineral wool does not damage the fibers, so the equipment must be selected carefully. The cut must be even. At home, cutting mineral wool rolls (the so-called "50s") will be convenient with a cutting knife, but for large ones ("100s") a special hacksaw for heaters will be convenient. At the beginning, its price may seem unreasonably high, but it's worth it. It is important that the work is done properly. Circular cutting of mineral wool can be convenient. The machine for cutting mineral wool can easily cope with such a task.

How to cut mineral wool:

If you do not know how to cut mineral wool at home, we can advise you on excellent tools that are best suited for cutting mineral wool.

So, for cutting mineral wool good, spicy is best stationery knife or a hacksaw for metal, carefully cut the mineral wool in the right directions, for greater accuracy, you can draw lines with a pencil or cut directly along the ruler. The process of cutting mineral wool is somewhat similar to cutting foam, only you need to make a little more effort, pressing a little harder on the tool for cutting mineral wool.

What to do with scraps and remnants of mineral wool.

One of the solutions may pleasantly please many (especially firms and large manufacturers). Mineral wool scraps are not useless and can be useful to those who decide to insulate their walls and ceiling in a budget option. Scraps can be sold at a low price, and the demand for the product will be very high.

It is also possible to recycle scraps of mineral wool boards. In this case, with the help of special equipment, the remains of mineral wool boards are crushed to granules with the possibility of further recycling.

bazaltovaya-vata.ru

Today, a method has been developed to obtain special kind insulation - stone wool, made from basalt. Twenty years ago, such mineral wool was used exclusively for the needs of the defense industry, and today this insulation is widely used for thermal insulation of any buildings.

Mineral wool does not contain such environmentally harmful components as acrylic and phenol-formaldehyde resins. It consists only of natural binders, therefore it is safe for humans. This heat-insulating material not only perfectly retains heat, but also allows you to create a reliable sound insulation of the premises. Mineral wool from basalt is becoming more and more popular and has already been tested by time, but people still have a lot of questions regarding technological issues, which we will try to focus on in this article.

How to properly fix the mineral wool?

In this case, it all depends on the type of insulation and on the type of structure on which the thermal insulation is mounted. Light grades of mineral wool are installed in frame structures by surprise. Rigid mineral wool boards are fastened with special dowels or fixed using special adhesives.

When fixing by surprise, mineral wool is laid very tightly in a wooden frame pre-assembled from slats and bars. The thickness of the frame must match the thickness of the insulation. Between the slats they maintain an interval less than the width of the mineral wool by 1.5-2 cm, which does not allow the material to slip during operation. Mats are mounted starting from the bottom of the structure, and rolls - from above. In this case, whole pieces are stacked first, and free space, for example, near doors or windows, is filled in later.

Mineral wool of high density is often mounted without intermediate / support bars. It is completely driven behind the frame and pressed against the supporting structure without a gap, after which, for safety reasons, it is fixed with dowels with a wide cap, that is, the so-called "dish-shaped" dowels. In such a system, the frame elements are located on top of the insulation layer and press the wool against the wall, in addition, brackets that pass through the mats help to keep the insulation in place.

When using the bonded thermal insulation method (wet method), frames are not used at all, therefore, adhesive compositions must be used as fasteners. In this case, you will have to purchase a dry mix, but necessarily intended for gluing mineral wool insulation. Recently, polyurethane glue in cylinders has become more and more popular, which allows you to mount dense mineral wool to any base, including wood, metal, and polymer. This technology also involves the use of dish-shaped dowels. In more detail, we considered the features of gluing insulation in articles about adhesive compositions and wet insulation of the facade.

What is the best way to cut mineral wool?

It is recommended to cut heat-insulating materials from stone wool with a hacksaw or a sharp long knife specially designed for this purpose, the blade of which is serrated. In any case, the equipment must be well sharpened so that the fibers break out as little as possible. Many companies producing insulation also offer their customers cutting tools: knives about 300 mm long, as well as saws with teeth without divorce, about 60 cm long. special devices for such purposes, kitchen bread knives with fine teeth and a wavy edge perform well. Thin soft slabs and mats (50 mm) can be cut with an ordinary assembly knife.

Mineral wool produced in rolls is best cut before unrolling. And mineral wool boards are taken out of packs and cut one at a time. It should be remembered that when installing thermal insulation, the insulation must fill the entire insulated space very tightly, therefore, allowances should be left before cutting: for plates - 0.5 cm; and for mats - about 1-2 cm.

Is it true that mineral wool must be protected from moisture and wind?

During the operation of insulated buildings, their walls, roofs and other structures should be protected from high atmospheric humidity and from strong winds. So mineral wool insulation after installation from the outside, they are covered with canvases from a vapor-permeable moisture and windproof membrane. This allows you to prevent the penetration of cold wind and drops of slanting rain into the thickness of the wall. At the same time, water vapor from the internal space, passing through the walls through diffusion, will be able to go outside without obstacles.

The undoubted advantage of mineral wool is its vapor permeability, and this property should be used to the maximum. When installing mineral wool heat-insulating materials between the bearing wall and the insulation, it is not necessary to lay a vapor barrier, since such sealing will negatively affect the climate inside the building. The lack of artificial ventilation in this case will lead to an increase in humidity and the formation of condensate, which, in turn, will cause the formation of mold and fungi.

A vapor barrier film must be used when installing thermal insulation indoors - in this case, it is installed on the warm side of mineral wool. This allows you to protect the insulation from water vapor from the premises. Reinforced polyethylene can be used as a vapor barrier, which is placed between the insulation and the cladding.

If the design allows, between the insulation and exterior finish a ventilated air gap must be provided. This will help keep the mineral wool dry, without compromising the vapor permeability of the building.

What if you need to use wool in a layer of 15 or 20 cm, and the insulation is supplied with a thickness of 5 or 10 cm?

There is nothing complicated here. It is necessary to calculate the required thickness using formulas or using an online calculator (we talked about this in the last article), and then you can easily build an insulating barrier from several layers. In addition, this method makes it easy to eliminate the problem of cold bridging and joint blowing. To do this, when installing the insulation, the sheets of the outer and inner layers should be shifted relative to each other by 20-30 mm in order to reliably close the seams.

Is it necessary to use protective equipment? Which?

Mineral wool is considered a safe heat-insulating material, both during operation and during installation. However, when working with this insulation for a long time, it is still better to protect yourself using personal protective equipment.

Stone wool, compared to glass wool, is much more convenient to use and safer, but care should still be taken when installing it. It is best to work on non-hot days in overalls made of dense fabric, covering the entire body from contact with mineral wool. touch this stuff with bare hands not recommended, to protect them, you can use "glazier's gloves" - fabric with rubber or silicone coating in the area of \u200b\u200bthe palms. It is also necessary in without fail protect eyes and scalp. Wear a respirator to protect your respiratory system.

During the installation of stone wool, a break should be arranged to ventilate the room. Open packs of material must be carefully shifted, preventing them from falling, so that microparticles do not stand out from them. At the construction site during the installation of thermal insulation there should be no children, as well as people who do not use protective equipment.

Are there any nuances in transportation and storage?

Mineral wool insulation should be stored in whole packages on a flat dry surface, the height of the stacks should not exceed 2 meters. Stacks are made in enclosed spaces protected from rain and humidity. If mineral wool is stored outside, it must be covered plastic wrap or a tarp.

Mats and insulation boards are transported in a horizontal position in covered trucks. During transportation, the insulation must be protected from mechanical damage and precipitation. During loading, unloading and transportation, do not compress the material too much.

You need to unpack the mineral wool correctly. To do this, the insulation is taken out of the package immediately before installation, which significantly reduces the risk of damage to the thermal insulation. Insulation packaging can be used on a construction site when laying out mineral wool (when you need to protect it from pollution), it is also suitable as bags for construction debris.

Which cotton wool is better?

There is no single answer to this question, since different conditions the best option There will be different types of material.

Basalt soft wool. Use it where high loads are not assumed. This material can be used for insulation of walls made using frame technology, as well as for thermal insulation of floors and roofs. Just because cotton is soft doesn't mean it doesn't perform well. It is simply made from thin fibers, which ensures the presence of many cavities in the insulation, in which air is trapped, which prevents heat loss.

Mineral wool of medium hardness (density). It is used mainly for the insulation of ventilated facades, where high-velocity air flows are created in the air cavities. It is also used for fire prevention measures, sound and heat insulation of ventilation ducts. mineral wool medium density can be mounted without problems instead of soft basalt wool, but the cost of thermal insulation will be more expensive.

Rigid basalt wool. This insulation is used in places where high loads on it are possible. For example, where it is planned to insulate walls with reinforcement and plastering (wet method) or when creating certain types of floors.

Cylindrical heaters for pipes. Usually they are produced with a diameter of more than 50 mm. They are slotted parts that can be deployed and put on the pipe, or two-piece models that are connected on the pipe.

Foil basalt wool. This thermal insulation material is characterized not only by low heat transfer, but also reflects heat, directing it inside the premises. Mineral wool can be covered with foil on one or both sides. When laying, the heat insulator is installed with the foil side to the heat source. The scope of this insulation is quite extensive, it is considered a universal material suitable for all methods and types of thermal insulation.

Stitching cotton. It is a very durable mat, one side of which is sheathed / reinforced with steel mesh (galvanized, stainless, fire-resistant, acid-resistant). Cloths can be of various thicknesses, can be used to perform various types of thermal insulation. Stitched wool is usually non-combustible, therefore it can be used to insulate surfaces with elevated temperatures (up to plus 660-700 degrees).

An important technical characteristic of mineral wool is its specific gravity. Insulation with a density of up to 75 kg per cubic meter is ideal for thermal insulation of planes where heavy loads are not expected, for example, for laying in ceilings in attics and roofs. Basalt wool of low density is often used for wrapping pipes of heating plants, boilers and similar units / communications.

Stone wool, the density of which is up to 125 kg per cubic meter, holds its shape well and is great for insulating ceilings, walls inside buildings, various vertical structures. It is used for thermal insulation brick walls, as well as surfaces made of foam block or aerated concrete. Mineral wool of this specific density allows not only to insulate the building, but also to ensure its reliable sound insulation.

Basalt wool of high density - from 175 to 200 kg per cubic meter is characterized, in addition, by increased rigidity, hence the abbreviation in its name (PPZh). Such a heater is used for thermal insulation of initially too cold planes - reinforced concrete, sheet metal. The PZH-200 brand is also great for arranging additional protection residential buildings from fire. Only high-density mineral wool can be installed using wet facade insulation technology.

When insulating the roof of the attic, you need to remember that from right choice the type of insulation and its competent installation depends on your comfort in the further operation of the premises. After all, the roof accounts for most of the area of \u200b\u200ball surfaces in this room. From this article you will learn what materials are best used for thermal insulation of the attic roof. We will also tell you how to install a heater yourself.

Choosing the material for insulating the roof of the attic

There is a huge choice of heaters today: slab, roll, bulk and sprayed. Theoretically, you can use any of them, but practice shows something completely different. Let's see why.

Slag mineral wool

This material is made from blast furnace slag, and is produced in rolls and slabs. The latter is quite suitable as an attic roof insulation. The plates are quite solid, do not settle and do not sag. Slag wool is very hygroscopic, which, on the one hand, is good - the room will "breathe". On the other hand, at the slightest leak of the roof, the material will get wet and lose its heat-preserving properties. Slag wool is relatively fireproof: smoldering begins at 300C °.

Mansard roof insulation: slag wool

Roof insulation with stone wool

It is made from volcanic rocks, hence the name - stone wool. One of the varieties of stone wool is basalt. This insulation is an order of magnitude better than slag wool. It has higher performance in terms of sound and heat insulation, fire safety. The value of the coefficient of thermal conductivity of stone wool is 0.12, while for the same slag wool it is 0.48.

Another characteristic that speaks in favor of basalt wool is the absence of formaldehyde binders in the composition, which cannot be said about other stone wool. Mineral wools are produced with different densities, the numbers in the marking indicate the weight cubic meter material: from 75 to 200 kg per m 3. For pitched roof insulation mansard house cotton wool with the lowest density is suitable - they have the lowest thermal conductivity of all.

The better to insulate a mansard roof: basalt wool slabs

Polyurethane foam spraying

The main advantage of the material is ease of installation. PPU is simply sprayed onto the surface. The material has low thermal conductivity, does not absorb water. Insulation of a broken mansard roof with this material is the easiest to do: it does not require the installation of special structures.

The material also has disadvantages. So, the vapor permeability of polyurethane foam is very low, therefore, there must be good system ventilation, ideally it should be forced. And, of course, the price: It is quite high for PPU.

How to insulate the roof of the attic: polyurethane foam spraying

Attic insulation with ecowool

Ecowool is an environmentally friendly material that does not emit any harmful substances during operation. In fact, it is recycled cellulose. Boric acid, which is present in the composition of the material, provides it with resistance to fungal infections. In addition, ecowool is fireproof, rodents do not settle in it, heat and sound insulation indicators are quite high.

The main disadvantage of ecowool is that its application requires special equipment, which means that it will be problematic, if not impossible, to make attic insulation with your own hands.

Mansard roof insulation technology: wet and dry methods

Attic insulation: a video on how ecowool insulation works.

Styrofoam perfectly retains heat and protects the room from noise. The material absorbs water, but very little. And, by the way, the foam "breathes", contrary to popular belief. Enough low price also speaks in favor of the material. If we talk about the minuses - the foam plastic emits toxic gases during combustion, its ignition temperature is quite low. In installation, the only drawback is fragility.

Insulation of the mansard roof with foam

Roof insulation with mineral wool

First of all, we examine the roof of the attic from the inside. Waterproofing is laid under roofing material even during the installation of the roof, however, do not forget about the possibility of damage from time to time or poor-quality installation. If there are traces of leakage, we eliminate the cause.

We calculate the required amount of mineral wool. Plates are produced in different thicknesses, and in addition to this, it will be necessary to take into account a lot of details. The easiest way is to use http://rss-master-ram.ru/calculator/tolschiny_uteplitelya/ for this.

Important: for high-quality insulation, the following should be taken into account: the thickness of mineral wool boards should not be less than the width of the rafters - 150-200 mm. Too much thickness of the insulation will also be a minus - when installing a vapor barrier and finishing materials, it will doubt, its density will increase, and hence the thermal conductivity.

Installation of insulation and vapor protection

We cut basalt wool slabs. To do this, we measure the distance between the rafters, add 15-20 mm to it. This will be the required width of the piece of insulation. Such an increase is necessary so that the plate is inserted between the rafters by surprise. We lay basalt wool between the rafters.

How to properly insulate the roof of the attic: installation of the first layer

Now we fasten the counter crate across the rafters, and between them we lay the second layer of mineral wool. The slabs of material should overlap the joints of the previous layer and the rafters, this will prevent warm air from escaping through them.

How to properly insulate a mansard roof: the second layer of mineral wool

Correct installation ensures the effectiveness of insulation, so this issue must be taken very seriously. Further in the figure you can see examples of incorrect installation.

Mansard roof insulation scheme

a) single-layer laying of insulation, warm air leaves at the joints of it with the rafters;
b) the width of the plates is too large, they overlapped the rafters;
c) due to the insufficient thickness of the first layer, the plates of the second are bent;
d) bending of the insulation boards due to their excessive width.

We “shoot” the vapor barrier membrane with a construction stapler to the counter crate, if it is wooden. To the metal profile - fasten with self-tapping screws with press washers. This completes the work, you can start warming the walls of the attic, and then finishing the room.

How to properly insulate the roof of the attic: installation of a vapor barrier

Completion of the insulation of the mansard roof from the inside. Video about correct installation vapor barrier membrane:

Mineral insulation has a fibrous structure, the violation of which leads to a decrease in thermal insulation properties. This makes it inefficient to use scissors for thick fabrics or cardboard, as well as table or stationery knives for cutting it. Therefore, the answer to the question of how to cut mineral wool correctly without violating its structure will be useful for beginner builders.

What will we cut

On an industrial scale, special machine tools are used to cut mineral insulation. Consider how to cut mineral wool insulation yourself at home.

Sometimes a special hacksaw is used for wood or metal, and craftsmen have found how to cut mineral wool at home - a serrated kitchen knife for cutting bread.

But still, when choosing how to cut stone, glass or slag wool, it is better to use special tools.

Knife with stainless steel blade

A knife for cutting insulation with a long blade made of durable stainless steel is suitable for working with mineral wool of any thickness. To cut the insulation of different stiffness, there are larger and smaller teeth on each side. Such a blade easily enters the thickness of the plate, allowing you to make even curly cuts thanks to the sharp tip.

Knife with carbon steel blade

The rock wool cutting knife with carbon steel blade has high cutting quality and is easy to sharpen. However, it requires more care than a stainless steel blade, as it is prone to rust. It must be wiped dry after each use and lubricated.

Example: MORA knife for cutting mineral wool

The Swedish company MORA produces tools for cutting mineral insulation. Knife with stainless steel blade is used for cutting stone wool and glass mineral wool. The blade is made of special cold-rolled stainless steel and has a serrated edge. Ergonomic and comfortable plastic handle suitable for use with gloves. Its characteristics:

total length - 500 mm;
blade length - 335 mm;
blade thickness - 1 mm;
weight - 0.238 kg.

A knife with a carbon steel blade is used for cutting various types of mineral insulation. It has a smooth, high-quality carbon steel blade with a length of 350 mm. The plastic handle provides a good grip when wearing work gloves.

How to cut mineral wool

ensure good ventilation in the work area;
use overalls and protective equipment - overalls, gloves, a mask or respirator, goggles;
Immediately after finishing work, wash hands thoroughly with cold water, and then face.

To minimize the amount of harmful dust in the air, cutting mineral wool should be done with tools with a well-sharpened, sharp working edge. It is better to cut across the fibers.

To obtain strips of the same width, mineral insulation produced in rolls is recommended to be first cut directly in a roll, without unfolding, and mineral wool boards are cut one at a time.

To ensure even and accurate cuts, you must first mark the material or cut directly along the ruler.

What to do with scraps and mineral wool residues

There is also the option of recycling waste for recycling purposes. In this case, the remains of mineral wool boards are crushed using special equipment.

Mineral wool cutting video

On the video - cutting mineral wool with a special tool.

uteplix.com

Overview of tools for cutting mineral wool

How to properly transport insulation

Science is simple, but very important. So:

plates and mats are transported in a horizontal position;
the truck must be with a protective awning;
transportation is carried out only in packaged form;
during transportation, loading and unloading, it is important not to compress the insulation too much;
unpack the mineral wool immediately before starting work on insulation.

What will we cut

This can be done with different devices, depending on the thickness of the mineral wool.

Thin materials (max. 50 mm):

Thicker and denser materials:

special knives about 300 mm long. Often they are offered by manufacturers of insulating materials. Such a tool has teeth of different sizes for cutting mineral wool of different thicknesses and densities;
saws with undivided teeth;
hacksaw for metal;
cutting machines. They are used when cutting elements of complex shape. However, for independent construction of your own house, that is, for a single use, it is not advisable to purchase such expensive equipment - you will have to adapt to the capabilities of other tools.

How to cut

in case of independent construction, when the workers do not have sufficient experience, it is advisable to consult with specialists before starting cutting, especially if pieces of complex shape are expected. This will help prevent unnecessary consumption of insulation;
the cutting tool must be well sharpened so that the mineral wool does not tear into fibers and is less “dusty”;
when cutting the insulation, it should be borne in mind that in order to ensure a tight overlap of the insulated space with mineral wool, it is necessary to leave allowances of about 2 cm;
it is better to cut rolled mineral wool before unfolding it;
mineral wool boards must be taken out of the package and cut one at a time;
it is not recommended to cut mineral wool "for the future" - immediately for the entire scope of work. This increases the risk of accidental damage to its shape when additional shifting from place to place or folding pieces on top of each other.

It is important to create a safe working environment

it is better to cut the insulation in cool weather, since for work it is necessary to wear a protective suit made of dense material, which will prevent skin contact with mineral wool fibers and its irritation;
to protect hands, put on special gloves - with silicone or rubber coating on the palms;
special glasses will be needed to protect the eyes;
respiratory organs will be protected by a respirator.

In addition, it is important to remember:

when working with this type of insulation, it is necessary to periodically arrange a break, during which the room should be ventilated;
it is necessary to shift the cut pieces carefully, without throwing, in order to reduce the amount of fibrous suspension in the air;
there should be no children on the construction site at this time, even in protective equipment.

As can be seen from the above, there is nothing super complicated in cutting mineral wool. Subject to the indicated rules, it will not be difficult to perform work efficiently and safely.

remontami.ru

How to properly cut mineral wool

Mineral wool is one of the best, simplest and most common materials for insulation and soundproofing walls and ceilings today, and is also known in several other applications. In addition, it is easy to mount, that is, you can independently carry out the insulation of the premises.

Many people do not know how to cut mineral wool correctly without disturbing its structure, in this article we will look at all the ways to properly cut mineral wool, as well as advise on the tools that are best suited for this.

What types of mineral wool are there?

Mineral wool is usually classified according to the principle of the material from which it is made. From this follows the conclusion that mineral wool made from different raw materials also differs in structure - fibers, and, accordingly, in the type of cutting. So there are the following types of mineral wool:

Glass mineral wool. Consists of melted glass.
Stone mineral wool. It is made most often from various melts of rocks.
Slag mineral wool. The starting material is blast-furnace slag.

How to cut mineral wool:

If you do not know how to cut mineral wool at home, we can advise you on excellent tools that are best suited for cutting mineral wool.

So, for cutting mineral wool, a good, sharp clerical knife or a hacksaw is best suited, carefully cut the mineral wool in the right directions, for greater accuracy, you can draw lines with a pencil or cut directly along the ruler. The process of cutting mineral wool is somewhat similar to cutting foam, only you need to make a little more effort, pressing a little harder on the tool for cutting mineral wool.

What to do with scraps and remnants of mineral wool.

bazaltovaya-vata.ru

How to work with mineral wool

To protect against small particles, it is better to work with mineral wool with gloves and a respirator

In this article, we will not touch on the advantages and disadvantages of the popular insulation, which is called mineral wool. Many articles have been written on this subject on the Internet, but not everyone writes how to work with mineral wool, and if they do, then in passing. About the harm that this causes to human health construction material much has been written scientific papers, so the question: how to work with mineral wool, while maintaining your health, is far from idle. And to understand it, you first need to know the composition of this material. And here it is useful to recall that mineral wool has three types: glass wool, slag wool and stone wool.

In the manufacture of glass wool, the same material is used as for the production of glass, as well as waste from the glass industry. If we take into account that limestone, sand, borax, soda and dolomite are used as raw materials for the production of glass wool, then the content of cullet in the structure of the material reaches up to 80%. When working with glass wool, the fragility of the fibers is formed in the form of small sharp and small particles that enter the human body, respiratory organs and eyes. Therefore, when working with glass wool, it is imperative to use protective equipment such as a respirator, goggles, tight gloves, clothing that covers all parts of the body. If, for any reason, you have not saved yourself from adhering to the following rules:

If dust gets on open area the body does not need to be scratched. Because by doing so you will drive small particles further into the body.
Be careful to shake off the glass wool. Moreover, if you are indoors, you need to do this over a dry bath, and if you are outdoors, shake it off in the direction of the wind.
Take a cool shower, but in no case hot, without using a washcloth, soap and various sponges.
After a shower, you can not dry yourself with a towel, wait until dry.
If glass wool gets into your eyes, try rinsing them with cold water. If all else fails and there is pain in the eyes, consult a doctor. In a critical eye condition, you should immediately call an ambulance.
The same applies to the respiratory tract. If you have a persistent cough, difficulty breathing or other problems after working with glass wool, see a doctor.
It is best to throw away the clothes in which you worked. No matter how much you shake it out and wash it, particles of glass wool will remain in it anyway.

Knife for cutting mineral wool

Slag is produced from waste blast-furnace slag during iron smelting. If we compare slag wool with glass wool, then both in one and the other there are brittle fibers with the only difference being that in glass wool they have the nature of glass, and in slag wool the nature of slag. Which ultimately makes the latter no less harmful than the former.

The same applies to stone wool, or as it is also called basalt wool, because it is made by melting basalt when it is heated to 1500 º C. Here, the role of sharp and small fibers falls on frozen basalt threads. Among other things, slag wool and stone wool contain phenol-formaldehyde resins, which are also very harmful to health. Therefore, all precautions inherent in working with glass wool apply to both stone and slag wool.

All types of mineral wool are used to insulate the facade of buildings, but in no case should this material be used to insulate walls and ceilings indoors.

From personal experience you can add the following:

a) it is most convenient to cut mineral wool with a sharp knife with a long blade; b) it is desirable to work with mineral wool together, because it is easier to observe the careful handling of it; c) cover the cotton wool fixed on the wall with a protective plastic film, and only then fasten the lining, MDF panels or something else.

remontzhilya.ru

How to cut basalt insulation and how to lay it on the surface?

Today, manufacturers offer a sufficient number of heaters. Each of these materials is used in certain conditions and has its price. However, the most popular are heaters that provide optimal heat retention and have a long service life. Second no less important point- the cost, which must be acceptable. These requirements are met by such material as mineral wool. Its use is not associated with the use of special tools, fixtures. The tasks of how to choose and fix the material, how to cut the basalt insulation, can be solved independently.

Scheme of system insulation roofing cake.

Operational features of basalt wool

Basalt and other rocks of its group are used for manufacturing. Thin fibers are taken, in the melt of which limestone (10-15%) or charge is added. Additives increase the resistance of the material to the effects of excessively high temperatures, aggressive environments. As a result, a heater appeared, which has sufficiently high performance characteristics:

Scheme of basalt insulation.

thermal insulation and hydrophobization. The first parameter is from 0.042 to 0.048 W/mK. Approximately the same characteristics have other known insulation materials (for example, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam). Mineral wool is not able to accumulate moisture (hygroscopicity - less than 1%), which makes its weight unchanged. A distinctive feature can be called vapor permeability, which guarantees insulation and at the same time intensive moisture exchange between the external environment and the walls of the building;
density, strength. The insulation has a sufficient density (from 30 to 100 kg / m3), which guarantees high thermal insulation properties with optimal strength. The rigidity of the material is provided by the direction of the fibers; they are located in the horizontal and vertical direction;
soundproofing. Good noise protection characteristics are achieved due to the porous structure of the wool;
resistance to aggressive environment. Cotton wool is "indifferent" to alkali, acids; does not rot, is not affected by fungus. Rodents also bypass this insulation;
fire resistance. Basalt wool is able to withstand heating up to + 700 ° C. This protects the structure from complete destruction in a fire and gives time for the evacuation of residents;
health safety. In the production, resins containing harmful substances (formaldehyde, phenol) are used. However, compliance with the technology involves their introduction into the composition of the insulation in a chemically bound state. Substances become completely neutral with respect to the environment and do not pose a danger to humans.

However, if mineral wool is produced by an artisanal method, then there is a danger to health. Therefore, it is more expedient to purchase material from trusted manufacturers.