Wood has been used as a building material for over a hundred years. It is she who is preferred to use for the construction of baths, residential buildings, summer cottages. It is the most environmentally friendly, safe and warm material with low thermal conductivity. And also aesthetically attractive is also valued in wood. appearance... Therefore, it is often used as decorative element for the implementation of external and internal finishing of a log house. But the service life of wood material can be shortened due to atmospheric influences. After all, moisture, insects, precipitation, wind, sunlight, fungus and fire are dangerous for the strength and other characteristics of wood. And in order to extend the service life of this building material, it is necessary to provide it with reliable and timely protection.

The main reasons for the destruction of wood by scientific research

Wood is alive natural material, which contains a certain percentage of moisture. The amount of moisture will vary depending on ambient temperature, humidity and other weather conditions. Water has a strong effect on the structure of wood: on a cloudy, rainy day, it swells, and on a summer day, on the contrary, dries up. The strength of the structure suffers greatly from these constant changes. Therefore, the wood must be protected from moisture.

Photo: correct storage lumber in a stack.

Saving wooden material from water, you do not need to trim (cover) it with a film, oilcloth. After all, wood must breathe and a violation of air exchange will lead to the formation of an even more serious problem - damage to wood material by fungus or mold. And they, in turn, will provoke the development of putrefactive processes, which will lead in the near future to the complete destruction of the entire structure.

Photo: improper storage timber in a stack.

How to deal with atmospheric influences on wood material

The condition of wood directly depends on the natural conditions in which it is located. From ultraviolet radiation, moisture, the structure of the wood is destroyed, its shade and density change. Biological agents and insects destroy the strength characteristics of the material. Wood for carpenter beetles is both food and home. They, being in the structure of the tree, destroy its strength, making many holes (passages) in it. Precipitation and temperature drops lead to decay of wood. The first signs of the appearance of putrefactive processes in a wooden material is the formation of fungi and mold on its surface.

To ensure proper and reliable protection of the wood, it is necessary to periodically treat it with protective compounds. Best of all, antiseptic agents cope with the appearance of microorganisms, insects. And to prevent moisture penetration into the wood structure, film-forming, water-repellent compounds should be used: varnishes, paints, etc.

The modern construction market has a large number of complex means. They perform a protective function, thanks to the fungicides included in the composition, and a decorative one.

Experts' opinions on the protection of wood from biological agents

Will help protect wood from biological agents and various insects Yaroslavl decorative antiseptic PREMIA. This product has a large amount positive feedback among developers and builders. It is intended to ensure the protection of wood from atmospheric agents and biological contamination for 7 years, as well as to perform decorative finishing... It also inhibits influence sun rays on a wooden material, trapping ultraviolet light in the outer layer. Decorative antiseptic PREMIA can be used both inside and outside the room.

Has an environmentally friendly composition, with a minimum content of solvents. It includes highly effective fungicides that protect wood from blue stain, fungus, mold, wood-boring beetles. And they are also able to eliminate the already begun damage to the material by biological agents.

This tool is able to improve the decorative characteristics of wood material, giving it, after application, a shade of any type of wood, thanks to the alkyd varnish and pigments included in the composition. Antiseptic PREMIA emphasizes the structure of wood, tones it uniformly. This composition easy to apply, well absorbed into the structure of the material and dries quickly (after 24 hours after application). After processing, a breathable coating forms on the surface of the wood material, through which the pattern of the unique structure of the wood can be seen.

One of the best decorative at the same time antiseptic agents intended for the treatment of log cabins, baths and other wooden structures is decorative Bystrolak from the Yaroslavl Paints company. Its safe and economical composition is based on alkyd varnish, pigments, fungicides. It can be used both for work outside (painting benches, fences, window frames, etc.) and indoors (applied to doors, walls, furniture).

The resulting varnish layer dries very quickly, at an air temperature of +20 it may take only 5 hours. Bystrolak is resistant to the negative effects of atmospheric phenomena. He is not afraid of the sun's rays, precipitation, temperature drops. After applying Quick-Varnish, the surface of the wood acquires a beautiful, glossy shine... And the structure of the material under the resulting layer is not hidden, but emphasized and stands out favorably. There are 9 shades in the palette of this tool that imitate various types of wood (ash, rosewood, golden oak, walnut, pine, oregon, mahogany, teak, mountain ash).

Protective decorative compounds for topcoat and to ensure the protection of the wooden structure, there are many means. But they all have either a high cost, or low quality... I consider Neomid Biocolor Ultra the best in terms of quality and price ratio. This domestic company has been tested for years, consumers value funds for their environmental friendliness and efficiency.

Biocolor Ultra is made on an alkyd basis. It provides wood material reliable protection against weather conditions, cracking, mold, rot, insects. It contains micro wax, which provides elasticity to the resulting coating and additional waterproof characteristics. This decorative agent protects wood from sunlight, prevents its fading, due to the presence of a UV filter in the composition.

Biocolor Ultra can be used indoors and outdoors. It does not affect the structure of the wood, it only emphasizes its beauty. Easy to apply on wooden surface, a semi-glossy, translucent layer is formed. Color palette decorative composition consists of 9 shades, including colorless. But it can be tinted with special pastes.

This popularity is due to the environmental friendliness of the material and its beautiful appearance, but, alas, the tree has many enemies - it is afraid of fire, moisture, insects, temperature extremes and sunlight. Previously, wood was protected with compositions based on salt and vinegar - today the industry allows the production of more effective means, which give the tree durability and resistance to negative environmental factors. There are so many of these compounds that it becomes difficult to choose the right agent for protecting wood from decay, fire and other influences. Let's take a look at the main aspects of a smart purchase.

# 1. From what and in what cases to protect wood?

Wood preservatives are directed against different negative impacts, and the choice depends on the conditions in which the material will be used... The main enemies of wood are:

• moisture(fog, rain, high humidity in room). Wood is characterized by the ability to absorb moisture and swell when it is high in the environment and, conversely, dry out in dry times. Such fluctuations in volume lead, at least, to cracks, and when erecting a building made of wood, the entire structure can be seriously damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to treat wood with agents that reduce moisture absorption, but do not affect the ability to "breathe";
• mold, fungus, mosses and insects often infect wood with high humidity and limited air access. Rotting, the appearance of moss, the spread of bark beetles, termites, woodworms and other pests affects not only the appearance of the wood, but also its structure;
• Fire... Wood is highly flammable and burns quickly. So far there are no means that would protect 100% from fire, but there are substances that affect the structure and increase the non-flammability time;
• UV rays with prolonged and intense exposure, they destroy wood, affecting most of all lignin, a substance that provides rigidity and hardness.

To increase resistance to all these factors, there are a number of specific means - a complex composition does not yet exist, therefore, if the wood needs to be protected, for example, from moisture and from fire, it will be necessary to use several means.

# 2. General principles for the selection of wood preservatives

Regardless of which factor the remedy is aimed at combating, when choosing, pay attention to the following nuances:

• service life of the coating... A protective agent can last on the surface for about 2-5 years, and if the manufacturer indicates similar numbers on the packaging, then he probably is not lying, but the durability of 20-40 years should be treated with caution. Chances are it's just marketing ploy, and in small letters in a place inconspicuous on the package, it will be indicated that such a protection period is possible only when the product is applied by deep impregnation (this is an industrial technique) or under the condition that the composition is washed out, which is impossible to achieve;
• composition consumption... Often, cheap funds are unpleasantly surprised by the increased consumption of the composition, which is why all their efficiency is reduced to naught, therefore, when buying, you should pay attention to the numbers indicated by the manufacturers. The average consumption of bioprotective agents is 200-250 g / m 2, but not 500-600 g / m 2, which can be seen on the packages of some inexpensive formulations. Such a high consumption is characteristic only of fire retardants;
  
• manufacturer name... Qualitative protective equipment can only be produced on high-tech production lines that large enterprises with famous name... For the sake of your peace of mind and guarantee of the result, it is better to overpay a little;
• versatility... Some companies offer complex means, which supposedly protect wood from both fire and decay, and the active substances, according to manufacturers, only enhance the effect of each other. Experts, however, argue that even substances that can be in the same solution, sometimes not only do not enhance the action of each other, but also reduce the protection;
• composition and certificate of conformity... The composition of protective agents includes a lot of substances, each of which has its own role, but attention should be paid to the basis of the drug - these can be organic and inorganic substances. Inorganic substances, which include sodium and potassium dichromates, chloride, chromium and fluorine-containing compounds, copper and zinc salts, have a negative effect on humans, metals and wood color, therefore they are prohibited for use in Europe. Organic products are more effective and avoid negative health effects. Any protective equipment must have a certificate of conformity confirming its safety.
  

No. 3. Wood protection methods

To ensure the longest possible preservation of wood, a set of measures is used. it Constructive decisions consisting in correct placement and planning, as well as regular monitoring of the condition of the wood and directly the wood protection products themselves.

Protective agents can be applied in the following main ways:

No. 4. Means for protecting wood from moisture

An increased level of humidity is the main enemy of wood, as it not only impairs its performance, but also becomes the cause of the appearance of fungus. Moisture protection treatment begins with the harvesting of wood, and great importance has correct drying. Even a well-dried material will begin to absorb moisture over time, but also by this parameter different varieties wood differ considerably. , ash, pine, oak are more resistant to moisture, spruce, fir and beech are moderately resistant, and maple, birch and hornbeam are the most vulnerable. A number of tropical trees (kumaru, kusiya, ipé, sisal) are practically not afraid of moisture and need only minimal protection.

The most important indicator of wood is intracellular moisture... For construction, you can use a material with an indicator at the level of 5-20%, moreover, wood with a moisture content of 9-15% is suitable for the device of roof structures and interior decoration, and 12-18% for outer cladding.

To reduce the ability of wood to absorb moisture from the environment, i.e. to reduce its hygroscopicity, use , oil impregnations and pastes, which are divided into two groups:

• surface-forming compounds, do not differ in sufficient durability, therefore, the treatment will have to be repeated quite often;
• penetrating compounds more durable and capable of getting into the pores of the wood, used to process fences, walls of the house,.

As a rule, water repellents do not change the color of wood, and their effect is that water droplets simply roll off the surface without penetrating into the structure. A number of such products also have a frost-resistant effect.

No. 5. Means for protecting wood from decay, mold and insects

Constant high humidity, temperature fluctuations and intense exposure to sunlight make the wood vulnerable to microorganisms and insects. As mold prevention use antiseptics- agents that prevent, but do not kill bacteria. Already during the harvesting of wood, it is covered with antiseptics, re-processing is carried out after installation and cleaning of the wood. Antiseptics are produced in the form of liquids and pastes; they also reliably protect against insect damage. There is priming antiseptics, which are used under, but their penetration and service life are small. Antiseptics can be tinted, and experts say that in this way it is much easier to achieve uniform coloring of the walls than when using tinted varnish.

If the wood already has traces of rot, then before using an antiseptic, treatment is necessary fungicides- substances that kill spores of fungi and mold. The basis in fungicidal solutions can be:

If traces of insect exposure are found on wood, treatment should be carried out insecticidal impregnations which are produced:

• water based. They are mainly used for annual protection of wood during transportation and storage;
• on an alkyd basis - these are more stable agents that are suitable not only as therapeutic agents, but also as prevention.

Regular monitoring of the state of wood for the smell of rot, the presence of white thin or bluish and brownish films will help prevent rotting in time.

Sometimes you may need wood bleaching agents and elimination of bluish, greenish and black spots. Such substances are applied with a brush to damaged areas, and after a few hours the original color returns.

When buying antiseptic formulations, please note that different breeds absorb compounds with different intensities... So, birch and beech have high absorbency, cedar, larch, oak, linden, hornbeam - medium, and spruce and fir - low. In addition, for different purposes they use completely different compositions... If during transportation the wood only needs preventive treatment, then when erecting a rafter system, it is necessary to use hard-to-wash agents that often paint the wood in brownish and grayish shades, reducing its decorative qualities, therefore, such agents are not suitable for such agents.

No. 6. Means for protecting wood from fire

When exposed to fire, wood sooner or later ignites, however, large ones resist fire much longer than boards, since a charred layer forms on their surface, which slowly smolders. Any chips or cracks will increase your vulnerability to flame. Fire retardants are used to protect wood from fire. that are capable of retarding the ignition and spread of fire.

Fire retardants are available in the following forms:

• liquid formulations: varnishes, impregnations, enamels and;
• solid compounds: backfills and coatings.

Previously, fire retardants were widely produced in solid form, today the market offers mainly ready-made liquid solutions or concentrates. This form of release allows you to use the product more efficiently and at the same time increase safety, because when working with powders, poisonous dust inevitably gets into the body, and optional equipment required, which complicates the processing process.

According to the principle of action, fire retardants are divided into:

The best quality will be the protection applied in an industrial environment, but you can also carry out a similar treatment yourself with a brush, roller or aerosol. It is not recommended to process wood with a moisture content of more than 15%. For well-dried wood, formulations based on organic polymers, and for non-wood with a moisture content of 10-15%, it is better to use water-soluble flame retardants to guarantee. Small pieces of wood can be dipped in the solution and left there for 30 minutes to 24 hours.

According to their effectiveness, all fire retardants are divided into groups:

• G1 - means, due to the processing of which wood after two minutes of exposure to flame gas burner loses up to 9% of its mass;
• G2 - funds with a weight loss of up to 25%;
• G3 - means that do not provide adequate protection for the tree.

No. 7. Means for protecting wood from ultraviolet radiation

Under constant action the sun's rays, the wood begins to darken and collapse, so if such an effect on the material is inevitable, Negative consequences must be prevented. As a rule, special additives to prevent the harmful effects of sunlight are included in the composition of water-repellent impregnations and bioprotective agents, varnishes and paints, as evidenced by the corresponding inscription on the packaging.

To ensure maximum safety of wood, it is treated with protective agents in the following sequence:

No. 9. Manufacturers of wood preservatives

Store shelves are filled with various wood preservatives, but not all are equally effective. When choosing, you should pay attention to the instructions on the packaging, incl. take into account the effect of the product on the color of wood, its corrosiveness and odor, and also take into account the name of the manufacturer, which becomes a guarantee of quality. Among all the abundance of funds, it is worth highlighting the products of such companies:

• Pinotex Is an Estonian manufacturer of wood preservatives. Its products have gained immense popularity in the domestic market. Produces compounds for protecting wood inside and outside the house: primers, impregnations, paints and antiseptics. Antiseptics, tinted antiseptics, as well as antiseptics with an ultraviolet filter have proven themselves perfectly. Company protective equipment intended for use on terraces and open areas, named among the best;
  
• Tikkurila- a concern with a 150-year history, the factories of which are located in several countries. The name of this manufacturer is a guarantee of product quality, since all stages of production are carefully monitored here. There are a huge number of tree protection products, produced under the trademark Valtti;
• Belinka belles Is a Slovenian manufacturer that is rapidly gaining recognition from domestic buyers. Produces a wide range of protective equipment, incl. antiseptic primers, leave-in antiseptics, special saunas and a unique hybrid coating;
  
• "Senezh"- a domestic company that produces a full range of products to protect wood from any negative influences. Produces toning antiseptics with a UV filter, antiseptics for and saunas (these agents, by the way, are considered one of the best of their kind), preservative antiseptics, fire-bioprotective agents, wood bleaching agents;
• - brand of protective equipment from the company "Ekspertekologiya-Neohim". The domestic manufacturer relies on the production of concentrated drugs, which makes them cheaper. Antiseptics for the protection of wood in a humid environment and soil, antiseptics with UV protection, means for bleaching wood, protection against fire, as well as substances for the treatment of saunas and baths are popular.
  

In addition, protective equipment from the Belarusian company proved to be quite good. Sadolin, German Dufa, english Dulux, domestic companies " Rogneda» ( trademark"Aquatex") and " Arboreal healer».

There is a mass folk remedies to protect wood from decay and pests, but for best results it is better to give preference to professional preparations and apply them according to the instructions.

Wood due to its natural purity, availability, numerous advantages in terms of ease of processing and good operational qualities, from time immemorial, has been one of the main materials in the construction industry. However, it also has its drawbacks, which can lead to a decrease in the durability of both individual parts and the entire building as a whole. The main disadvantage is the low resistance of most wood species to biological damage. The tree undergoes natural decomposition and is a good breeding ground for various forms of microflora and for many insects. In order to avoid the rapid destruction of the material, to maximize the durability of wooden parts and structures, the lumber must be pre-treated with special means, and then, if necessary, the finished structure must also be processed.

Manufacturers offer for this purpose a wide range of solutions made on different bases- it is not so easy to figure it out with a "swoop". Therefore, consumers often have a question - which wood preservative is better to choose? To determine which protective compounds exist, and which of them are used in a particular case, it makes sense to consider them in more detail.

Antiseptics can be divided into types according to several criteria - this is according to the components on the basis of which they are made, according to the field of application of the compositions, and according to their functionality.

• So, antiseptic impregnations are basically subdivided into water, oil, organic and combined solutions.

A few words should be said about their characteristics:

- Water based antiseptics used for protective impregnation of wood of any species. For their manufacture, components such as sodium fluoride, sodium silicofluoride, as well as borax and boric acid (BBK3) are used. Water-soluble compounds are most often used to impregnate wooden surfaces, which in the future will not be exposed to intense moisture.

- Oil antiseptics can be called the most popular, since they are able to protect wood from high humidity and moisture penetration into the fiber structure of the material. When applying the solution to oil based on wooden building elements, they acquire one of the rich dark shades.

This type of impregnation does not dissolve in water, since it is based on shale, anthracene or coal oil. It must be remembered that oil antiseptics do not protect wood from rapid combustion, that is, they are not fire retardants. They have a very pungent specific odor, so they are most often used to impregnate the external surfaces of a building.

- Organic solutions most often used for impregnating facade surfaces. As a rule, they are used in cases where wooden walls it is planned to paint, as they create a thin film on the surface, which reduces moisture absorption wood and increases the adhesion of paintwork materials.

Prices for antiseptics Pinotex

Pinotex wood preservative

However, it must be said that they are also suitable for the treatment of internal wooden surfaces, so they can be used for the pre-treatment of timber or logs from which the walls will be erected.

Organic solutions give the wood a greenish tint and increase the porosity of the structure. In addition, they are capable of negatively affecting metal elements that are fixed on the facade and will come into contact with its surfaces, so chemical composition can contribute to the activation of corrosion processes.

• According to the field of application, antiseptics can be divided into solutions intended for external and internal works for dry and wet rooms.

- Solutions for external work... This category includes antiseptics for preparatory and decorative work, which are highly resistant to aggressive environmental influences, such as ultraviolet radiation, high humidity, freezing, sudden temperature changes with a pronounced large amplitude. Due to the fact that the compositions very often have a pungent unpleasant odor, it is not recommended to use them for processing internal surfaces.

- Antiseptics for interior work... These solutions are made from environmentally friendly components, they do not have unpleasant odors and do not emit toxic fumes into the environment. At the same time, it must be remembered that different antiseptics will be required for the premises of a house or apartment with different levels of humidity. Manufacturers always place information about their specific purpose on the packaging.

• In addition, antiseptics are divided into therapeutic and prophylactic solutions:

- Medicinal formulations used in cases where the wood is already affected by fungus, mold, decay or insects. However, this variant of solutions can be used for preventive maintenance. Especially in cases where it is planned to operate wooden structures in an aggressive environment, for example, in bath rooms or bathrooms (showers). They are also quite suitable for preventive treatment of facade surfaces.

- Prophylactic solutions- the most common. It is clear that they are used, as a rule, for processing sawn timber before the start of construction or during its implementation. And it is recommended to impregnate the wood immediately after purchasing it.

Antiseptics can be colorless, that is not altering natural wood shade, or pigmented, giving the surfaces a certain shade. That is, many compositions can be used both for a primer preparatory layer for painting or other finishing, and as an independent tinting decorative coating.

Classification of wood preservatives by functionality

Antiseptics are also subdivided according to their functional effects on wood. There can be many reasons for "starting" the processes of biological damage to a tree - this is the lack of proper ventilation, timely processing with appropriate compounds, improper storage of lumber before the construction of a building, poor-quality insulation of the structure, exposure to moisture on the surface, and more. In addition, many compositions also have a directional effect - for example, restoring the normal color of the wood or giving the material a higher resistance to fire.

Whitening antiseptics

To provide protection and at the same time restore the original color of the formed or affected wood, "rejuvenate" it, special bleaching antiseptic solutions are used. The most popular of them are the following.

• "Bio-shield 1" and "Bio-shield 2" - these impregnations are designed to prevent surface putrefactive processes in wood under the destructive influence of pathogenic microflora. In addition, they are able to preserve the physical and technical characteristics of the processed material, as well as restore the healthy natural color of unpainted wood.

If the damage to the wood is on initial stage, then you can use "Bioshield 1". After the treated surfaces have dried, they can be painted or finished with other decorative materials.

In case of severe damage to the tree by mold or lichen, it is necessary to use the "BioShield 2" agent.

Both of these compositions are well suited for processing wood used in the construction of log cabins for baths and houses.

• "Prosept 50" is a whitening antiseptic "medicinal" product of domestic production for wood. The composition perfectly removes foci of biological damage, including gray bloom, restoring the healthy color of the tree, literally in 25-30 minutes, preserving its structural structure.

The penetration depth of this composition is 3 mm. And already 12 hours after applying the antiseptic to the wood, it can be painted or pasted over with insulation material or wallpaper.

"Prosept 50" is an environmentally friendly solution, so it can be used for both external and internal processing of wooden surfaces. In addition, they even handle wooden pallets on which food is transported and stored.

Wood bleach prices Prosept 50

Wood bleach Prosept 50

In order for the solution to be retained in the structure of the material as long as possible, it is recommended to additionally cover the surfaces with a preservative antiseptic agent "Neomid 430 Eco" or "Neomid 440 Eco". These funds will eliminate the likelihood of a recurrence of the occurrence of foci of biological damage.

• "Neomid 500" - this whitening antiseptic is similar in its characteristics to the previous remedy. However, its cost is significantly higher, so it is not so popular among builders.

The mortar is an environmentally friendly product and can be used for internal impregnation of wooden surfaces. The tool is most often used by professional builders to process wooden log cabins bath buildings and residential buildings. Drying time after application is 24 hours.

• Whitening antiseptics of the Sagus company are produced on a water basis. They are intended for radical removal from unpainted wood of any kind of damage caused by black mold and wood-staining fungus. The solutions are also used to impregnate logs and beams for the construction of baths and houses.

"Sagus" produces three types of whitening compounds - "Standard", "Profi" and "Light" :

- "Standard" is a solution of deep and fast penetration into the structural structure of wood fibers. It is used at the first manifestations of mold, the appearance of lichen or moss, as well as darkening of the material as a result of exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

- "Profi" is a composition that is able to cope with more serious damage to wood. In addition, it is suitable for impregnating surfaces made of mineral building materials(brick, gas silicate blocks etc .).

- "Light" is a product intended for lightening wooden surfaces that have darkened as a result of exposure to ultraviolet radiation, as well as when mold formations appear on them. The solution is distinguished by its mild effect on the wood structure while maintaining its original qualities.

The tree is a favorable environment for the emergence and development of colonies of fungi and mold. The risk of their occurrence is especially great if the wood is constantly exposed to moisture. When a lesion appears, getting rid of it is not easy, since it penetrates into the structure of the wood fibers, destroying their integrity.

To prevent this process, a protective compound is used that prevents or stops the growth of fungal colonies. If microorganisms have captured large areas wooden surfaces, then antiseptics should be used only after therapeutic measures that are produced using special agents - fungicides.

In addition to protecting against such lesions, this type of agent is able to scare away insects harmful to wood, which in a very short time can turn it into dust. It should be noted that there are many varieties of wood beetles. But if you take preventive measures on time, none of them will be terrible for wooden products.

Below will be considered the most popular of the protective antiseptics of various manufacturers.

• Senezh is a domestic manufacturer that supplies construction market excellent formulations for wood processing. A wide range of similar products are available, for wooden parts in any area of ​​the building and with various functionality, including - and purely protective antiseptic action.

These means include the Senezh Bio solution, which is able to fix the natural protective qualities of wood. The compositions are made on a water basis, they impregnate the wood structure well, forming a three-level protective threshold. Fully suitable for both external and internal surfaces of the building.

In addition to solutions that give the material resistance to mold and the appearance of a wood beetle, this manufacturer manufactures compounds that make the tree more resistant to fire, increased moisture and ultraviolet rays.

• "PAF-LST" is a domestic production of antiseptic water-soluble paste based on fluorine and lignosulfate. The manufacturer promises that the product is able to increase the service life of wood up to 30 years or more.

The paste is intended for processing wood used for the construction of load-bearing and enclosing structures. Moreover, even raw wood can be processed. The product is odorless, and when applied, it paints the wood in a dark pistachio color, creating a rough layer on its surface. This option of an antiseptic is chosen if the elements processed by it are not planned to be painted.

"Homeenpoisto +" from the Tikkurila company is very convenient: compact packaging, and the solution itself is easy to quickly make just before processing wooden surfaces

- "Homeenpoisto +" - these are special tablets that are used to prepare a solution to remove foci of mold and prevent their formation. The composition can be used to treat old and new, external and internal, wood or mineral surfaces.

The process of processing with this substance is carried out before staining. The tablets are dissolved in plain water, and then the resulting solution is applied to the surface using a spray bottle. The agent is given a certain period for a more intense effect on the affected areas of the material. Then the surface is treated with a brush or foam sponge, after which it is rinsed with clean water and dried. After drying, the surface must be painted immediately.

- "Homeenpoisto 1" is an antiseptic jelly-like agent designed to remove lesions from wooden surfaces and further protect parts from recurrent processes. The solution is made on the basis of hypochlorite, therefore it is intended for external use only.

High-quality and reliable antiseptic "MOKKE" is offered by the Russian manufacturer of paintwork materials-color. The tool is intended for processing wooden facades and other external surfaces. The reliable composition of the antiseptic guarantees effective protection wood from decay, damage by fungus, lichens, various insects for up to 45 years.

Fire retardants - fire retardant solutions

Due to the fact that wood is a highly flammable material, it requires special fire retardant treatment, which will increase the fire resistance of lumber. Compositions for these purposes are called fire retardants, and they are produced in liquid, paste and powder forms.

• Impregnants are aqueous solutions designed for deep penetration into the wood structure.
• Varnishes form a protective transparent and thin film on the surface, which protects the wood from rapid heating and fire.
• Paints and enamels perform two functions at once - protective and decorative.
• Coatings are pasty compounds that are not decorative, they are only intended to protect surfaces from open fire.
• Powdered fire retardants are applied to surfaces using special equipment by spraying.

Fire retardants are also divided into compositions for surface treatment and deep penetration into the structure of wood, as well as solutions for external and internal use. For the processing of facades are used weather resistant compositions, and for the interior - environmentally friendly and resistant to an aggressive environment solutions, especially if wooden surfaces are impregnated in baths or bathrooms.

Another important distinctive feature fire retardant is their principle of action, which can be active or passive.

• Active substances are substances that, when heated, can emit non-combustible gases that prevent oxygen from reaching the combustion center. Thus, the possibility of flame propagation is reduced.
• Passive fire retardants are called solutions that, when the surface of the wood is heated, forms a layer that protects the structure of the wood when exposed to fire. Compositions have the property of melting at high temperatures, creating a non-combustible "crust", which, by the way, wastes a lot of thermal energy, which increases the overall heat resistance of the wooden structure.

Fire retardants include in their assortment produced by the same companies that are engaged in the production of other wood preservatives.

• The compositions "Senezh Ognebio" and "Ognebio Prof" are intended to increase the resistance of wood to open fire and protect against biological damage. These preparations are used to treat exterior walls before painting them. If the protective layers formed by such fire retardants are left uncoated, the substances will quickly fade away.

• Neomid 450 and Neomid 450-1 are highly effective solutions for protecting wood from biological damage and fire. They are used for application to external and internal surfaces that have undergone mechanical treatment, but not painted or impregnated. film-forming compositions. If fungal lesions are found on the surfaces, then before applying the fire retardant, they should be treated with bleaching agents.

• "Pirilax" is a bio and fire retardant solution designed for impregnation of wood and materials based on it, which can be used for external and internal work. The composition perfectly protects the wood from wood-staining and mold fungus, carpenter beetles. And besides this, it enhances its resistance to open fire. In general, thanks to this treatment, the service life of any wooden parts is extended, the risk of cracking is reduced, and deterioration is slowed down.

The composition is compatible with other paint and varnish solutions, therefore it can be used for painting. The manufacturer of Pirilax indicates on the packaging that it provides antiseptic protection of wood for up to 20 years, and fire protection for up to 16 years. Moreover, the composition is environmentally friendly pure material safe for people and the environment.

On sale you can find fire retardants and other domestic and foreign manufacturers... When purchasing any of them, it is recommended to carefully study the characteristics of the solution and the instructions for its use.

UV protection formulations

Structures built of wood lose their attractive original appearance over time, as they are constantly exposed to damaging ultraviolet radiation. To protect the facades of wooden houses or baths, it is necessary to process the surfaces in time with preparations specially designed for this purpose.

Protective agents, which are designed to prevent the harmful effects of sunlight, contain pigments and special additives that reduce the destructive effect of ultraviolet radiation.

A wooden surface treated with a special agent will be protected from UV damage for 8 ÷ 10 years, after which the treatment will need to be renewed. If a colorless solution is chosen for the coating, then the coating will have to be renewed every 3 ÷ 4 years.

If blue or mold damage is found on the lumber, then before coating them with protective compounds it is necessary to process with strong antiseptics.

As an example of this type of funds, the following compositions can be cited.

• "Senezh Aquadecor" is a decorative composition that is not only an excellent antiseptic, but also includes special components - UV filters that absorb solar radiation. Thanks to such components. the wood does not darken, retaining its original appearance. "Senezh Aquadecor" is produced in a wide range of colors, which allows you to choose the most suitable shade for coating external or internal surfaces.

• « Biofa 2108 " - this is a special solution of German production. The composition of this product contains microparticles of white pigment, they are the protection for wood from UV rays. The product can be used to coat interior and exterior wood surfaces. When the solution is applied to wood, the natural color of the material does not change.

The composition is made on the basis of linseed oil, which is well absorbed into the wood without creating a film on the surface. Due to the fact that the product is produced on an oil basis, it is not compatible with aqueous solutions... "Biofa 2108" - it is an environmentally friendly product, therefore, the coating from it is breathable and does not emit toxic fumes into the environment.

Protective solutions for wood used in humid environments

Parts of wooden structures in contact with the ground, buildings located in regions with traditionally high humidity, as well as internal wooden surfaces of baths and saunas require the use of specially designed products for their treatment.

The following antiseptics are perfect for treating external surfaces:

• "Senezh Ultra" and "Senezh Bio" - these solutions have deep penetration properties, impregnating the upper layers of wood, creating two and three-level protective thresholds against moisture penetration. These compounds can be used as a primer for decorative coatings.

• Valtti Aquacolor is an oil-based antiseptic used to protect the walls of buildings used in humid environments. The manufacturer offers a 40-color palette for tinting solutions, so the protective agent can easily become multifunctional, giving decorativeness to wooden surfaces in the selected shade.

The oil is quickly absorbed into the structure of the wood, emphasizing the beauty of its texture. In addition to oil, the product contains a special wax, which is a water-repellent component.

The wax does not exfoliate from the surface, increases the wear resistance of wood, makes it hydrophobic, and also prevents mechanical damage. The manufacturer has provided for the possibility of tinting the product, the color range for which has 39 shades.

To protect surfaces in baths and saunas are also provided special formulations designed to withstand high temperatures, steam and moisture. Therefore, if it is necessary to treat surfaces in these buildings or in individual rooms, it is worth choosing products whose packaging indicates their specification:

• "KRASULA® for baths and saunas" is a decorative and protective solution containing natural wax in its composition, it is used to treat both dry and damp surfaces. The function of this tool consists in its following actions:

- protection of wood from the penetration of moisture, dirt, soot, grease, soapy water, as well as from the formation of stains from adhering leaves;

- destruction of arisen lesions of the tree by mold, algae and prevention of relapses;

- protection against damage by harmful insects, such as wood-boring beetles;

Safety tested operation at high temperatures. It does not alter the natural appearance of the wood and retains its natural aroma. It is important that the composition does not clog the pores of the material, allowing it to "breathe".

It is especially important for the conditions of the bath that it is an environmentally friendly solution safe for the environment and people. Conveniently, it is possible to process in a humid environment without waiting for the surfaces to dry.

The manufacturer gives a 7-year guarantee for wood protection in the relaxation rooms of baths and saunas, as well as 5 years for the surfaces of washing and steam rooms.

• "PROSEPT SAUNA" is a water-based composition of synthetic biocides. It is used to protect the internal wooden surfaces of baths and saunas from wood-staining and wood-destroying manifestations. Prevents the appearance of colonies of fungi and pathogens on healthy wood. The mortar provides reliable protection against moisture penetration into the wood structure at high temperatures.

PROSEPT SAUNA can be used not only to protect new surfaces, but also to stop destructive processes already in progress. The active ingredients of the antiseptic quickly penetrate into the structure of the wood, binding with its fibers. Thus, a special resistance of the material to moisture penetration and leaching of the product itself is created.

This tool is used as a basis for surface treatment with oils intended for bath rooms, for painting or toning.

• "Senezh Sauna" is another solution intended for the treatment of wooden surfaces in rooms where high humidity and high temperatures prevail. The impregnation has an environmentally friendly composition that does not emit toxic substances into the environment.

Antiseptics prices Senezh

Antiseptics Senezh

Protective agents for unbarked wood and with increased natural moisture

If fresh wood has been purchased for construction, not dried, or a log that has not been peeled from bark, then before laying the material for drying, it is necessary to process it. For this purpose, it is recommended to use specially designed products that will reliably protect the wood during the period of its drying in natural conditions.

The preparations used to impregnate such wood have the property of deep penetration into the structure of the material, allow it to "breathe" and create unacceptable conditions for the appearance of fungal formations and insect infestation. Such solutions include "Neomid 420" and "Neomid 46", "Senezh Insa" and "Senezh Trans", "Prosept-42" and "Prosept-46", "Eurotrans", "BS -13" and others.

Protection for the ends of the timber and log

A specific area of ​​sawn timber that requires increased protection is the end piece of a bar, plank or log. Due to the fact that the end has a more porous structural structure, moisture is intensively absorbed into the wood through it, penetrating into the depths of the products. As a result, in the created favorable microclimate, mold destroying the material is easily formed. In addition, waterlogging in these places leads to the appearance of deep cracks, which sharply reduce the quality of the acquired material, becoming vulnerable places for further damage to the wood. processing this area wooden products were special antiseptic agents have been developed that are applied to the material prepared for construction or cladding, or to the ends of a log or bar of an already finished structure of a house or bath.

The most popular means for protecting the ends of lumber is Senezh Tor, which has all necessary qualities. And, the processing process must be carried out not only for new materials, but also for objects already put into operation, with a frequency of every three to four years.

Protective agents for old painted wood

It is more difficult to save painted wood from biological damage, since it is more difficult to get rid of the old paintwork not easy at all. And, even in cases where the coating cracked and began to flake off.

In order for the protective agent to show its effectiveness, all layers of paint will have to be removed from the wood. This process can be done in several ways - mechanically, using a spatula or grinder with a metal brush attachment, and by the chemical method, when special compounds are applied to the surface that soften and peel off old layers of decorative finishes.

Antiseptics can be applied only after complete cleaning of the surface from the paint layers.

Protective measures are carried out both before the subsequent painting of wooden surfaces, and when leaving the cleaned material in its natural form.

For the treatment of cleaned surfaces, antiseptics such as Valtti Techno and Homeenpoisto 1 are used, which are able to penetrate deeply into the structure of previously painted wood and protect it from problems. If the surface is completely cleaned of old paint, if desired or necessary, it can be whitened to its natural color, at the same time performing the desired "treatment". The name and description of the whitening compositions have been presented above.

What to look for when choosing a wood preservative?

No matter for what purpose it is chosen antiseptic, it is very important, when choosing it, to pay attention to some points that will determine the quality of the composition and the duration of its protective action.

• Manufacturer. It is necessary to understand correctly that protective compounds that meet all the established criteria can be made only on high-tech specialized equipment, which is available exclusively from large profiled companies.

As a rule, such enterprises have been operating for more than a dozen years and have already gained a certain prestige among consumers. Therefore, in order not to purchase a low-quality product that will not function properly, it is best to buy a solution of a well-known brand. Of course, you will not be able to save on such products, but you can be sure that the protective qualities of the purchased solution will correspond to the description given by the manufacturer on the package.

• Effective protection period. As established empirically, antiseptic protective coatings are able to act effectively for no more than two to seven years, depending on their quality. That is, in any case, over time, they will need to be updated.

If the manufacturer indicates an operational period of 20 ÷ 40 years, then such a characteristic is hardly worth trusting unconditionally. Any, without exception, even the highest quality protective agent gradually loses its original properties under the influence of external factors. The above specifications indicate the operating times given by the manufacturer. However, when purchasing one or another antiseptic option, you need to carefully study the packaging and find out the conditions under which such a period is possible.

• Consumption of protective composition. Many consumers immediately pay attention to the cost of an antiseptic and try to save money by buying a more affordable solution. However, it is necessary to look at the material consumption indicated by the manufacturer, since many of them, having a low cost, require a large consumption and application in two, or even three layers. To be able to navigate in this parameter, you need to know that the average rate varies from 200 to 250 g / m². Only fire retardants can have a high consumption - here it can be 400 ÷ 600 g / m².

If large-scale work is planned, then it probably won't be superfluous to immediately calculate how much antiseptic solution will be needed for processing. Calculate the consumption for any area (for example) - usually does not cause problems. It is more difficult when you need to process lumber, timber or board - in these matters, many begin to get confused.

To make this calculation as easy as possible, below is a calculator that will carry out the necessary calculations in just a few seconds.

Calculator for calculating the amount of antiseptic composition for lumber processing

The program will calculate the consumption of antiseptic for treatment in one layer, taking into account the traditional stock of 10 percent. Important - the amount is calculated ready solution, since many formulations are marketed in the form of concentrates, which must be diluted before use in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

To simplify the task, the amount of sawn timber can be specified both by piece and by volume, that is, "cubes", as they are often purchased at the bases.

Consumption is indicated by manufacturers either in milliliters per m², or in grams - alas, there is no consensus on this issue. It's okay - the principle of calculation does not change in any way from this.

The latest developments of scientists on wood pest control are associated with the introduction into the affected areas of the so-called beneficial insects- entomophages. The principle of such protection is that such a "green landing" in the process of its growth eats a harmful insect without causing damage to the tree itself. So, to fight the bark beetle-typographer, they use such an entomophage as the anthill. One such representative in his life is able to destroy about 10-20 insects and practically exterminate the population of harmful insects in the territory entrusted to him.

Protective equipment for a wooden house

However, although this method of protection is cheaper and more environmentally friendly than using special preparations, it will take at least six months to wait for its results. Therefore, it makes sense for a zealous owner to use one of the special prophylactic agents, both against insects and for protection from ultraviolet rays by impregnating Neomid.

Initially, this product was developed for use in industrial areas, but having received high marks from specialists and having proved its not only its effectiveness, but also safety, since 2005 it has become available to a wide range of consumers.

Advantages of Neomid remedies and prevention

Neomid's products are favorably distinguished by both a wide range of protective products and the presence of a modern research base that allows you to control the quality of drugs. In addition, to the merits of the brand, it is worth adding such indicators as:

• Affordability along with high quality for a wide range of people.
• The products have passed not only the test of time, but also received approval from specialists.
• The tool is available both in the form of a ready-to-use mixture and in a concentrated form, which makes it possible to compactly store it indoors without taking up unnecessary space.
• Attractive and convenient, modern packaging.
• The drugs are presented as means comprehensive protection from different types bio-damage, and fire-retardant mixtures.

Retains the appearance of Neomid impregnation

Despite the fact that Neomid impregnation products are primarily intended for the initial processing of wood, their use to restore color and protect against ultraviolet radiation is also very effective. So, for this, the brand "Neomid Biocolor Classic" is perfect, which has a deep penetrating effect and allows you to prevent tarnishing of the natural color of wood. Its translucent - glazing composition not only protects the surface, but also emphasizes the woody structure, forming a semi-matt protective layer.

Applying Neomid impregnation to the surface

To apply the composition, it is necessary to prepare the surface to be treated in a certain way. Clean it from dirt, grease, tar, fungi or mold. Delete (if any) old paint, and the infected cleaned areas should be treated with the Neomid 500 antiseptic. After that, the composition must be mixed well, and in the case of treatment with a spray bottle, the preparation can be diluted to 10% with White Spirit.

Surface treatment with a wood preservative can be carried out using a sprinkler, or with a brush or roller. To highlight the brighter structure of the tree, it is recommended to sand the surface after the first layer has dried, and apply the next layer only the next day. When working with this agent, do not allow the presence of open flames in the treated area, as the drug may ignite.

To extend the life of wood products and give them an attractive look, use different means... Choice suitable remedy will depend on what result you want to get - this is the first condition. The second condition is in what condition the product was originally (high-quality or low-quality). But in any case, it is necessary to use special antiseptic and protective agents that will help protect against any environmental influences.
These include:

• Primers.
• Impregnation.
• Varnishes or paints.
• Solutions.

All this must be done so that the wood does not deteriorate during operation, especially if the products are not indoors.

Now - in more detail.
Fighting future surface damage.
To do this, we use disinfectant solutions, which are colorless (sometimes with a slight amber or greenish tint) fungicidal solution that prevents wood from rotting. Such preparations are made on the basis of water or white spirit.
Solutions of the first group are environmentally friendly and not expensive. But over time, they are simply washed out with water, so it is better not to use them for processing wooden elements that are in direct contact with the ground and even more so with moisture.
By modern technologies for the protection of structures immersed in soil or water, for example: sleepers, piles, lower parts of wooden fences, etc., are intended special means based on acrylic.

If the wood is already infected with a fungus, then the entire surface is thoroughly cleaned and treated with special preparations with a high content active substances capable of "killing" fungus or mold.
The folk method is bitumen (tar) dissolved in gasoline or the usual working off of technical oil. Proven for a long time.
There are also antiseptics that have an additional insecticidal effect. Such compositions, in addition to protecting against mold, fungi and blue stain, also destroy or prevent the appearance of bark beetles, barbel beetles, grinder beetles and other insects and worms (shashel).

We provide protection for wooden surfaces.
After treatment with fungicidal agents, the tree must be protected from further destruction. For this, special varnishes and glazes are used. Such funds are effective against fungal infection, damage ultraviolet rays(UV-A and UV-B) and precipitation.
Let's say you have garden furniture or fence, bench or wooden bridge are in the open air and therefore they must be treated with any means that is on sale. It is possible and not expensive.
Well, if you have not done this earlier, and the surface has already turned black, then you must:

But all of these methods are intended more for prevention than for treating wood. If the wood is "sick", then there are basically no remedies for its treatment - this is my subjective opinion.
If the wooden surface has not been treated with an antiseptic, then at a temperature of + 25 ° C and an air humidity of 70%, mold will inevitably appear on it. Wood-coloring fungi (blue) infect the outer young layers of the tree. The fungus develops from the inside - and until the color comes to the surface, the material seems healthy. Then wood-destroying mushrooms appear (the most dangerous disease- brown rot).

From this it follows that so that this does not happen, it is imperative to process the wooden surface of any product on time. Moreover, now in the construction industry a lot of all kinds of means are used.
And yet - these materials not only protect, but also increase the aesthetic qualities: after drying, the impregnation creates a matte surface, and varnishes create a glossy surface. Transparent or tinted. Some hide the base completely - they are used to mask wood that has grayed out in the sun.
From a practical point of view, tinted materials are preferable: the main protection against UV rays is provided by the coloring pigments included in their composition. They are the ones who take on the sun's influence. The service life of such coatings in our conditions is about 10 years.

There is also modern remedy("Fire-resistant") for complex protection of wood from fire and flame propagation, which makes it a hardly flammable material and at the same time retains its texture and does not interfere with the breathing of wood. With this tool, you need to process roof devices (rafters, beams, trusses, maurlat).