Utility bills are growing every year, especially in times of crisis for the economy. Unfortunately, nothing similar can be said about their quality. When citizens devote a significant part of their hard-earned funds to providing comfortable living conditions, public utilities strive to be dishonest on all fronts of their work.

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If, during self-measurement, you have established that the temperature norm is lowered, you should inform the Emergency Dispatch Service about this. If the violation of heat supply is not caused by natural factors (for example, an accident on a heating main), the dispatcher calls the emergency team to the house, which is the official act of measurement.

The measurement must be carried out by a registered device that has all the necessary technical documents. The act contains the following information:

• the date of its compilation,
• characteristics of the apartment,
• composition of the commission
• instrument data,
• temperature values,
• signatures of all committee members.

The act is drawn up in two copies, one of which remains with the owner of the apartment, and the other with the housing and communal services employees who measure.

Air exchange rate

Air temperature is not the only parameter that directly affects the comfort and safety of people living in the house. Important for the body is air exchange: the presence of fresh air, ventilation of residential and non-residential premises.

This setting is also adjustable normative documents SanPiN. Thus, the required rate of air exchange for a dwelling with an area of ​​18 m² is 3 m³ / h per square meter, for a kitchen - three times more.

The air exchange rate is a characteristic determined by the ratio of the air removed or supplied from the room per hour of time to the volume of this room.

How to measure the coolant?

Coolant in the system central heating is hot water flowing from the tap.

You can measure its temperature different ways, but the simplest is measurement of tap water temperature with a thermometer poured into a glass.

Pipe temperature measurement is also possible. The value of this parameter should be equal to 50-70°С.

Responsibility of utilities for violation of the temperature standard

If the room temperature is below normal in winter, what should I do?

By law, citizens have the right to demand reduction of payment for heat by 0.15% for each hour that utilities do not comply with your temperature norm. Having carried out simple calculations, it can be established that for 4 weeks of providing a low-quality home heating service, the payment for it is reduced by more than 90%. Of course, public utilities will not voluntarily agree to such a recalculation, and therefore it is necessary to go to court.

An application for the recalculation of heating fees to the Management Company can be downloaded.

History knows examples when citizens managed to defend their rights. So, in 2014, a resident of the Perm Territory recovered 136 thousand rubles from public utilities for non-compliance by public utilities with their obligations to provide her house with heat.

Temperature standards in the apartment. Watch video:

The t in the dwelling is influenced by:

• Climate.
• Seasons.
• Individual features of housing.

Normal temperatures may vary in different areas. For example, in the southern and northern regions, in the eastern and western regions, its numbers differ.

Due to the alternation of the seasons, the microclimate also changes. AT summer period The temperature rises and falls significantly in winter.

Features of housing planning also affect the maintenance comfortable living. For example, in a corner apartment, the degree of warmth is slightly lower.

The human factor is also involved in creating temperature features. Each person has his own concept of heat and coolness. Women are naturally thermophilic, they need a slightly higher temperature than men. Young children do not know how to independently maintain their bodies; it is easy to both overheat and overcool them, which negatively affects their health.

Norms

Temperature regulation is carried out in accordance with GOSTR and the rules of the organization providing utilities.

• Comfortable consider t from 20 to 25 ° C.
• During the cold season 19 - 22 C.
• In the heat 22 - 25 C.

Temperature regime different rooms:

1. Bedroom 17-18°C. In such conditions, the body rests and recovers.
2. Kitchen 18-19°С. Saturated with heat-radiating electrical appliances, high t is not required.
3. Bath 24-26°C. Due to high humidity, dampness and discomfort occur. Requires t higher than other rooms.
4. Children's 23-24°С. Babies need more high degree heat, because they poorly regulate their heat transfer.
5. Others 18-22°С.

Do not create sudden changes in heat between rooms, no more than 2°.

Heating season

In the Government Decree No. 354 of 05/06/2011, the heating period is clearly indicated. Based on this decision, heat enters our homes with a steady decrease in temperature. environment less than eight degrees for eight days.

On the sixth day, we may not wait for the due service if:

• Not produced preliminary preparation heat supply networks. Usually, all repair work is carried out in the summer.
• Accident. From a sudden breakdown, preventive measures can be powerless. Many factors, such as severe winter frosts or huge summer heat, contribute to the rapid deterioration of communications.

The norm is designed for apartments with centralized heat supply. Having individual heating you can not wait for the start of the season, but regulate the temperature in the house yourself.

The beginning of the heating season does not have a fixed date in our country. Depends on natural factors. Severe cold can come in early autumn or its middle.

The approximate start date for heat delivery is the end of September and mid-October.

What temperature should be in a corner apartment

The temperature in the corner apartment should be two degrees higher than in others and is 20 degrees, the base is 18. To maintain the set figure, in a cooler corner apartment, an additional battery is introduced into the project even before construction.

Optimal t mode:

• Bedroom 20–22.
• Children's 20-25.
• Kitchen 19–21.
• Bath 24–26.
• Others 20–22.

Permissible t mode:

• Bedroom 18–24.
• Children's 20–24.
• Kitchen 18–26.
• Bath 18–26.
• Others 18–24.

What temperature should be in the batteries

The temperature in our batteries is constantly changing, mainly it depends on weather changes, but it never exceeds 90 degrees, this is enough to maintain comfortable conditions even in severe frosts. The main radiator of the corresponding brand with the necessary heat transfer.

Usually, throughout the year, water is heated to 50–70 degrees, in summer it is supplied to a tap marked “for hot”, and in winter to the heating system.

The easiest way to measure:

• Place the thermometer in the container.
• Fill hot water from the tap.

Deviation is allowed only upwards of 4 degrees.

Other measurement methods:

1. Put the thermometer on the battery, add one to two degrees to the resulting figure.
2. Buy an infrared thermometer, a little more expensive, but it measures with an accuracy of 0.5 degrees.
3. Connect an electrical appliance equipped with the “measure temperature” function to the battery using a thermocouple wire. Record indicators.

Device for constant thermometry:

• Choose the most suitable place on the radiator.
• Put the most common alcohol thermometer.
• Fix for thermal insulation with foam rubber.

Fast, inexpensive, convenient and the temperature is regularly monitored.

Important. If the temperature does not meet the specified norm, file a complaint with the housing and communal services. The arriving commission will determine the temperature of the water in the heating system. They are required to act in relation to paragraph 4 in the "Methods of control" GOST 3049-96. The measuring device has a quality certificate, registration and verification. The error in its work is not more than 0.1 degrees.

Troubleshooting

Heating problems are immediately visible. Cold and constant dampness, the appearance of fungus on the walls. About any comfortable for human body living and speech can not be.

Main signs of problems:

1. The radiator has a small leak.
2. Uneven heating, when using equipment "warm floor".
3. Bubbling and noise in pipes.
4. Uneven heat distribution across floors.
5. Different degree of warmth of radiators of different rooms of the same apartment.
6. Poorly functioning system as a whole.

Barely warm batteries- most main feature your problems.

Reasons for the situation:

• Wrong design.
• Wrong hardware installed.
• Unauthorized connections.
• Not quality installation systems.
• The presence of air in the pipes.
• Violations during the installation of radiators.
• Pipe wear.
• Lack of tight connections.

Troubleshooting step by step guide

1. Entrust the design only to experienced professionals who will take into account all the features of housing:
   • Layout.
   • The volume of the heated area.
   • Possible heat loss.
2. Install equipment according to the project. It is very easy to choose suitable valves, pipes, sections at the present time.
3. In order not to unbalance the system, do not change the radiators yourself. It is necessary to take permission for this type of work and invite an experienced specialist.
4. Water does not circulate well due to improper welding polypropylene pipe, inside the diameter has decreased. The executor must eliminate his defects free of charge.
5. To prevent air locks, install special automatic air vents. They independently release the system, preventing the accumulation of air.
6. To avoid problems with the radiator, hang it on strong brackets, prevent sagging and warping. At a distance of 10 centimeters from the floor and 2-3 from the wall.
7. A leak in a pipe in an accessible place can be repaired independently. Wrap with soft rubber and secure with wire for reliability. If the breakdown is hidden in the wall or floor, you will have to use the services of a specialist.
8. rust and lime scale reduce the patency of pipes, to prevent such complications, introduce water softening substances into the system.

Important! Do not wait for the start of the heating season, inspect all pipes and radiators in your apartment in advance.

Do not save on equipment, repairing a flooded apartment of neighbors will cost more.

Not all plastic pipes are suitable for heating installation, from hot water they may melt or burst.

Recalculation of payment for heating

If the temperature in the apartment does not meet the specified standards, it is necessary to present writing their requirements in housing and communal services. Within two days, a special commission, after inspecting the housing and measuring the temperature in the batteries, will confirm the violation.

With a temperature regime in rooms of 14 degrees Celsius, citizens have the right not to pay for this utility service. And the relevant organizations are required to recalculate, guided by Appendix 1 of Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 23, 2006 No. 307 “On the procedure for providing utilities citizens."

Recalculation is made in such cases:

• The daytime temperature of the living room is less than +18, for corner room +20.
• The frost is -30, and the heating norms have not been increased to +20 and +22, respectively.
• The total shutdown time during the month is above 24 hours. It should be noted that the interruption of the heat supply must be fixed. You can't prove anything without papers.
• One-time shutdown at external t -12 more than 16 hours.

You must also apply for recalculation:

1. In the event of a radiator failure.
2. Formation of a subsidy.
3. With the poor quality of the services offered.

Recalculation will be denied if:

1. Heat loss detected. There is no insulation of walls, windows, doors.
2. The risers are filled with air.
3. Reduced heat output from radiators.

Recalculation is possible during the year once. Before starting the procedure, carefully weigh the pros and cons. The process is lengthy and requires a lot of paperwork. Careful preparation is needed.

The cost of utilities is steadily growing every year, and their quality remains at the same level. Most tenants complain about the lack of a comfortable microclimate in their living quarters when the thermometers outside the window drop to minus values. Our citizens live in harsh climatic conditions, so the question of what the temperature should be in an apartment during the heating season always remains open. Residents of apartment buildings should remember that temperatures that do not correspond sanitary standard, affects well-being and even health status. How many degrees should be on a room thermometer in winter period we will tell in this article.

Advice! The apartment will become much warmer if you place the foil between the battery and the wall. The foil reflects heat and prevents the penetration of cold.

The temperature norm in the heating season and what is written in GOST

Comfortable air temperature for each person is different: some feel great and are in no hurry to put on warm clothes at 18 ° C, while others wrap themselves in shawls and take out woolen socks, carefully knitted by their grandmother, already at twenty 20 ° C.

The temperature standards in the apartment are indicated in the legal documents, which are referred to in "GOST R 51617-2000. Housing and communal services. General specifications". The state standard states that the normative values ​​​​of air temperature in residential premises are from 18 ° C to 25 ° C. It is also important to consider the purpose of the dwelling. For example, 14 ° C, which is acceptable for flights of stairs, absolutely does not meet the standards for a bathroom.

For lobbies and inter-apartment spaces, the optimal set temperature ranges from 16 ° C to 22 ° C, since residents spend less than an hour a day here. For residential premises, temperature indicators are slightly higher: in corridors, bedrooms, living rooms, kitchens with gas or electric stoves the thermometer should show at least 18 ° C, since a person is here for more than 4-5 hours a day. temperature and hygiene requirements to the microclimate are also regulated by the Sanitary and Epidemiological Rules and Norms (SanPin).

Premises for the intended purpose	Standard temperature according to SanPiN and GOST	Note
living room, bedroom, living room, children's room	21°C	A normal temperature in the bedroom will help get rid of insomnia and improve well-being. In the nursery, the temperature should be determined by the age of the child: 25 ° C is suitable for infants.
Kitchen	22°C	Plates, Appliances, microwaves, ovens radiate heat, so high temperatures are unacceptable.
Bathroom and shared bathroom	25°C	Due to high humidity, low temperatures can provoke the appearance of dampness and mold.
Study room, study room	21°C	At high temperatures and the lack of fresh air, the brain begins to perceive new information worse.
Pantry	17°C	_________________
Corridor between apartments	19°C	_________________
lobby, stairwell	17°C	_________________

How many degrees should be in a corner apartment

Corner apartments are usually cooler, as one of the walls faces the street. The optimum temperature in such an apartment should be higher and reach at least 20 ° C. In most apartment buildings, an additional battery is installed on the wall that is in contact with the street, which helps to avoid mold. It is somewhat colder in apartments located on the first and last floors, as the cold comes from the basement or from the attic or roof.

Advice! In a corner apartment it will become much warmer if the walls are insulated mineral wool, expanded polystyrene, polyurethane foam, cork cloth.

How to correctly measure the air temperature in the apartment

To achieve a recalculation of the payment for heat, it is necessary to independently measure the temperature in the apartment. You can measure and obtain objective data subject to the following rules:

• measurements cannot be taken in sunny weather, since a residential building warms up significantly even under the rays of the winter sun;
• the measurement accuracy in the room is affected Fresh air coming from the street. Before fixing the maximum and minimum values, close all windows and make sure they are tight;
• the required temperature is measured in several rooms in order to fully reflect the state of the heat supply;
• the thermometer should not be placed near heating appliances and walls in contact with the street: the distance from them should be at least 50 cm;
• warm air rises and cold air descends, so measurements must be taken at a height of at least 60 cm from the floor.

Important! SNiPs were developed back in the Soviet Union and today some of them are advisory in nature.

Why is the temperature in the living room significantly lower than the standard

In the cold season, residents complain about low temperatures and the appearance of fungus and mold. The main reasons for the non-compliance with GOST of the average temperature in residential premises:

• increased heat transfer due to the formation of cold bridges, which entails an increase in maintenance costs standard temperature in the apartment;
• absence required pressure and low temperature water in heating radiators;
• the presence of air pockets that prevent the normal circulation of water in heating system. It is possible to release air from central water heating radiators using the Mayevsky crane;
• housing mismatch building codes(SNiP). Today, developers, in order to extract maximum profit, neglect the norms prescribed in technical regulations and build multi-story houses in the minimum time. According to statistics, more than half of modern new buildings were built with violations of architectural and construction design;
• significant heat loss can be caused by a malfunction window system and the presence of gaps between the panels. This problem is observed in houses built more than 30 years ago. It is impossible to touch the heating devices themselves, but the air in the apartment remains cool. Sometimes the problem can be solved by replacing wooden frames on plastic windows.

Advice! Sometimes heating network continue to operate at full capacity when the outside temperature is above zero. If the housing maintenance service is not interested in the economical use of heat energy, then apartment owners should contact the management company. In case of inaction of the Criminal Code, it is necessary to write a complaint to the housing inspection and Rospotrebnadzor. I believe that these measures will help to deal with unscrupulous public utilities.

What to do and where to go if the average temperature in the apartment is far from the sanitary standard

The lack of heat in the apartment also indicates the provision of utilities of inadequate quality and a reason to contact the emergency dispatch service so that the commission comes to measure the indicators. Employees accept both written applications and telephone calls from citizens. The operator on duty registers the complaint and sets the time for the inspection.

The commission is obliged to arrive a maximum of 2 hours after receiving a complaint from the consumer. The exact time of the check is agreed with the owners of the apartment.

After fixing the indicators by a registered device that has all the necessary technical documents, an inspection report is drawn up. In case of violations, the act specifies how many degrees are in the room, the date and time, the characteristics of the apartment, and the composition of the commission. The document is signed by all members of the commission.

Advice! If you decide to take care of the thermal insulation of your home yourself, then do not forget about supply and exhaust ventilation. Lack of air exchange causes unpleasant odors and condensation on windows.

What is the average temperature in the radiator

The temperature of the water in the heat carriers depends on the weather conditions and the state of the city's heating networks. This indicator rarely exceeds 90 ° C. Even such a high temperature is not always enough during severe frosts. On average, the temperature of hot water in the faucet and in the radiator reaches 60 °C.


You can find out the temperature using a conventional mercury thermometer, which is placed in a small container and filled with water. Permissible deviations in should not exceed 4 ° C, and only upwards.

There are several ways to measure the temperature in a battery:

• place a thermometer on the radiator and add a couple of degrees to the obtained values;
• get an infrared thermometer, the error of which does not exceed half a degree. The thermometer is connected to the heater using a thermocouple wire to the battery.

Summing up

Unfortunately, we are accustomed to the poor performance of public services. Residents of high-rise buildings are not embarrassed by mountains of garbage, broken elevators, weak pressure water, lack of regular repairs at the entrance, a little warm water from a hot water tap, etc. At the same time, appealing to supervisory authorities helps to correct the situation. If in winter months the temperature in the apartment drops below 18 ° C, then owners and tenants need to contact the Criminal Code, the emergency dispatch service, the housing inspectorate and Rospotrebnadzor in order to defend their rights and protect their interests.

The amount in payment receipts increases quarterly, especially during the crisis period for the country. But at the same time, the quality of public services leaves much to be desired. Difficult times come for tenants when the heating is turned off. In such a situation, the management companies responsible for the provision of hot water in apartment buildings, often work in bad faith and strive to evade responsibility.

Temperature norms

Of course, a lot depends on the preferences of the residents - some like it cooler and are content with a low temperature of 18 ° C, others prefer instead of thick sweaters and socks cozy warmth and 24-25 ° C. But you need to know what temperature should be in our apartment according to legislative acts, since not only the state of health and well-being of the family, but also the budget depends on this.

The temperature norm in the apartment is contained in “ GOST R 51617-2000. Housing and communal services. General specifications“. Here are the values ​​needed to calculate the maximum power of the heating devices. flights of stairs in residential buildings should have a temperature of 14-20 ° C. This is a space that residents use for a short time, no more than an hour and are dressed in outerwear.

In inter-apartment corridors, as well as in lobbies, the temperature is 16-22 ° C. In hallways, living rooms and kitchens with gas or electric stoves, the temperature is 18-25°C. These rooms are for permanent residence(i.e. more than 4 hours). The most heat 24° C - valid for calculations in the bathroom. The standard is also regulated Sanitary rules and SanPiN.

Medical temperature standards in a residential area

A little about what optimum temperature should be in the house medical advice. Standards in living quarters are 22° C. This temperature provides high thermal comfort with an air humidity of 30%. If the room temperature is higher, it can cause irritation of the respiratory tract, the appearance of mucus, increased susceptibility to bacteria and viruses in the nose and throat. The only exception is the bathroom, where water vapor rises and even higher temperatures do not endanger health.

When the child is at home, the temperature in the apartment should be raised by at least 1 degree, and in the bathroom or other room where he bathes, up to 28 degrees. Adult bedrooms can be slightly cooler than the living room, around 20°C. deep dream and therefore the best rest.

Heat rate control

In order to keep the above recommendations and to minimize heating costs, it is necessary to properly control the heat rates, taking care of the thermal insulation of the house. Window and door frames need to be sealed. In a room, do not cover radiators, paint them thickly with paint, and do not hang thick window shades over them (heaters are usually installed under windows). Place furniture and equipment at a minimum distance of 1 meter from radiators.

The temperature curve of the heating system in individual rooms is recommended to be adjusted using manual or electronic thermostats. When installed even on an old heater, the electronic head can be set to a temperature of up to 0.5 degrees, and program the heat output for a whole week, taking into account the time of day and the habits of local residents.

Modern thermostats will also regulate heat output according to external conditions- warming or cooling outside, sunlight etc. You don't have to turn off the heat completely, all you have to do is lower the temperature, for example by setting the economy mode to 15°C. Lowering the temperature even by 1°C increases the heat savings by 5-7.5%.

Factors affecting temperature

The temperature readings in the apartment are influenced by many factors, primarily external ones. They fluctuate due to the following conditions:

• turning off heating;
• climatic features of the place;
• change of seasons;
• individual features of individual apartments.

The heating temperature schedule also depends on the place where the property owners live. For example, in the northern latitude it will differ from the southern climate. The influence of factors such as atmospheric pressure and outdoor humidity also affect the normal value of the heating system in any month.

When the seasons change, the microclimate in living rooms also varies. For example, in the winter months, the temperature will be lowered, and in the hot season it will increase. When in the spring they stop supplying heat to the radiators following the shutdown schedule, the temperature in the apartment also drops. For middle latitudes optimal value in winter - about 22 degrees, and in summer - 25 degrees. Although at first glance the difference of three degrees is insignificant, but it affects the well-being of all those living in an apartment building or a private house.

Climate control in the room

When heating is turned off, the temperature in the apartment must be controlled for the comfort of all citizens living in it. There are people who are comfortable and well during the hot months, they do not need to install climate equipment. Also, some in the winter cold constantly ventilate the rooms. But all the requirements of average inhabitants are reflected by the current standards for any heat supply company for which a schedule for the central shutdown of heating devices is established. After all, hypothermia, like overheating, adversely affects human health.

Among other things, the norms depend on gender. Women require higher temperatures than men. Extremely carefully you need to observe the temperature regime in the apartment where the children live. They cannot yet regulate their temperature, therefore they are prone to rapid overheating and freezing compared to adults. As a result, the thermal norm for them should be stable and be about 22 degrees.

In accordance with the current sanitary standards of the system central regulation temperatures should maintain indicators of at least and no more than 22 degrees, and all deviations from this value have a bad effect on well-being.

For supporting normal temperature some conditions must be met. Previously, the temperature was regulated using batteries, and in order to warm the room more, additional heat sources were used - various electric heaters, convectors, etc. To cool the room, they opened transoms and windows, thus solving the problem.

Today, scientific progress has made it possible to choose any climate equipment that will provide comfortable conditions in apartments. For example, modern air conditioners not only cool the air flows coming from the street, but are also equipped with a heating function. They also have dehumidification functions when the room is too humid, and air purification from harmful compounds.

Current sanitary regulations do not set the temperature of radiators. It is only important that the temperature in the housing correspond to certain indicators, which is influenced by differences in the climatic conditions of the corresponding region. Indicators in the winter months should not be lower than 20 degrees. If this value is less, then the services of the heat supply organization are of poor quality.

In doing so, property owners need to:

• seek to eliminate poor performance in the provision of public services;
• demand from the management company when the heating is turned off unscheduled;
• carefully seal all cracks in windows and doors;
• buy optional equipment for space heating;
• install autonomous heating devices.

How to increase or decrease the temperature

By GOST the lowest indicator in the apartment should correspond to 15 degrees. With this value, although life is rather difficult and uncomfortable, management companies believe that all standards are met. Because of this, the population is independently engaged in regulation temperature regime, and when colds come or massive heating outages, double-glazed windows are installed or windows are sealed. At worst, they turn on electric heaters or convectors.

And what to do when the constant temperature in the housing reaches 28 degrees, which happens when the batteries are too hot. The highest figure in the standard is 24 degrees, to which an error of 4 degrees is added. When thermostats are installed on the radiator, there are no questions, you just need to adjust it to the required number.

When there are no such devices on the battery, it is not very convenient to open the windows all the time because of the drafts in the room. If the apartment has Small child, then such actions are not a way out, it is completely contraindicated for older people. To correct the situation, you can:

• close the valve in front of the radiator;
• install an air exchanger.

When overlapping ball valve before the battery, you will reduce the amount of hot water that is supplied. The recuperator will allow the air flows to circulate correctly, and the air flow will enter the housing already warmed up.

Optimum temperature during the heating season

Kaya is clear from the above, the comfortable value in the apartment is set SNIP at 20-22 degrees. Possible indicators are defined within the limits of 18-26 degrees, in accordance with the purpose of housing. Kitchen, living rooms and bathrooms have different standards. The errors correspond to 3 degrees of decrease and 4 degrees of increase in indicators. Unfortunately, according to the current legislation, when the apartment is 15 degrees above zero, you cannot make claims against the management companies. Also at a temperature of 30 degrees, when in winter the batteries heat up as much as possible. Here, as they say, if you want to live, know how to turn around and contact the relevant authorities.

Responsibility of public utilities in case of violations of the norms

According to the law, tenants and homeowners have the right to apply for recalculation to management companies, which are required to reduce by 0.15 percent for each hour of violation of the standards. If you calculate, then for 28 days of improper provision of the service, the payment is reduced to 90 percent. Naturally, utilities themselves will not perform such a recalculation, so you will have to apply to the courts.

There are many cases when residents of apartment buildings sued money from public utilities for not fully rendered or poor-quality services. For example, three years ago, a Perm woman managed to recover 136 thousand rubles from the management company for violating their obligations to provide heat to the apartment. Therefore, you should defend your rights and contact.

Conclusion

It is obliged to provide temperature according to applicable standards and regulations Management Company at the place of residence. As a result, in case of identified cases of non-compliance with the quality of heating services, it is necessary to report to this organization and, if necessary, draw up an act.

If it concerns a private residential building, then it is necessary to control the supplied heating devices, increasing the efficiency of the batteries or modern efficient devices.

You can't forbid living comfortably. Many want it, but not everyone succeeds. It's not about a comfortable layout, the presence of good furniture, large area. Often the feeling of comfort depends on the microclimate in the room. What is the standard temperature in the apartment set by regulatory documents? What temperature should be in the apartment in terms of comfort? How can it be measured and adjusted? These are questions owners often ask themselves. square meters in multi-storey buildings.

In conversations, the number +18 o C is often encountered. What is this number, where did it come from, and is it the same everywhere? GOST R 51617-2000 and SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10 clearly define what humidity and air temperature should be in rooms in different time of the year.

Room temperature +18 o C - a very average figure. All people are different.

The Republic of Belarus has its own standards for the level of heat in the house.

Talking about a certain average figure is not entirely correct and correct. This temperature is far from comfortable for most people living in apartment buildings.

If we consider each individual separately, then one in the spring wants to turn on the heater, and another in frosty winter needs to open the window to create the required level of heat.

What are the dangers of high and low room temperatures

The human body does not tolerate the extreme values ​​of any parameters, whether it be air pressure and humidity, the presence of oxygen in it, its purity. This also applies to temperature. An excessive increase or decrease in room temperature is extremely poorly tolerated by young children and the elderly.

Hot doesn't mean good

High temperatures in the house often lead to a decrease in indoor air humidity, which adversely affects human health:

• promotes the development of pathogenic microbes and ensures their spread;
• leads to drying of the mucous surface of the nasopharynx and an increase in the likelihood of microbes entering the body;
• moisture is removed from the circulatory system, due to which blood thickens, the load on the heart increases, blood pressure rises - a consequence - the risk of stroke increases;
• there is an increased sweat secretion, which disrupts the water balance of the body.

It's cold too, not ice

It is difficult to call the optimal temperature in the apartment the one at which a person begins to feel the desire to crawl under the covers or dress warmly. Low climate figures for a long time negatively affect health and mental state living. There is an excessive loss of heat, which is fraught with the development of colds, viral, respiratory diseases.

Before the heating period, you can use economical quartz heaters. The high melting point of quartz sand allows for strong heating of the panel.

What determines the temperature in the living room

The following factors influence the quantitative indicators of air temperature:

• specific coefficient of heat loss through the building envelope (how much heat escapes through the ceiling, walls, windows, floor);
• placement of an apartment in a house in height (on the first and last floors, temperature drops are more significant than on those in the middle);
• Availability a large number external walls (corner living space);
• quality and quantity of air exchange;
• temperature and speed of the coolant in the heating system;
• number and condition of heating system radiators.

Each of these factors can be influenced by achieving a favorable air temperature in the apartment.

We change at our discretion

In the absence of individual apartment heating or a house boiler room, it is hardly possible to influence the quality parameters of the coolant, so you should pay attention to other factors affecting the temperature.

When choosing an apartment to buy, evaluate its location in order to reduce heat loss in winter and overheating in summer. Install windows made using new technologies. Increase the number of radiators by providing for the installation of thermostats or taps on each of them. Insulate building envelopes.

We measure correctly

Not everyone knows how to measure the temperature in a residential area correctly. Not only the accuracy of the measurement depends on compliance with a certain measurement procedure, but also the possibility of making a claim against the heat supply organization in order to reduce payment for heating.

The following conditions must be met:

• measure the temperature in the apartment in cloudy weather, as on a sunny day there is additional air heating through windows and building structures;
• before determining the temperature, ensure the complete tightness of the room (close windows, doors leading to common corridors or stairwells, check that there are no gaps in them);
• take temperature measurements in at least two rooms (with the exception of one-room apartments);
• temperature should be measured at a distance of half a meter from outer wall and 60 cm from the floor.

In case of registration of readings below the minimum temperature established by regulatory documents, notify the emergency dispatch service of the heat supply organization. In case of normal functioning of the system (there are no accidents), an emergency team leaves for the place. She is required to draw up an act of measuring temperature. The temperature is measured using a registered and tested device that has the appropriate certificates and documents.

The act of control is drawn up in at least two copies, one of which remains with the owner of the living space.

The act specifies:

• date and time of its compilation;
• the address of the dwelling with indication of its characteristics;
• information characterizing measuring device(brand, model, information about certification and verification);
• fixed values ​​of air temperature;
• signatures of the commission members.

For review, a sample act can be downloaded on the websites of management companies, housing construction cooperatives, homeowners associations.

We study the norms

After replenishing the baggage of knowledge, it's time to answer the question: "What should be the air temperature in different rooms apartments?

Living spaces

To living rooms include rooms used for rest and sleep:

• living rooms;
• halls;
• bedrooms;
• children's.

This includes the premises of home libraries, study rooms, rooms with hunting trophies. In most of these rooms, a person is either at rest or inactive. In this regard, the temperature norm is 18 - 20 ° C, while the optimum for a person is 20 - 22 ° C (in summer time- 20 - 28 and 22 - 25 ° C, respectively). In buildings located in northern latitudes, the quantitative indicator is 1 - 2 degrees higher.

Kitchen

The cooking rooms provide for the installation of a large number of equipment that generates heat during their work:

• gas and electric stoves;
• household appliances for cooking;
• dishwashers and washing machines.

To create a comfortable working area expansion of the range of permissible temperature from 18 to 26 ° C is provided.

Toilet

This room does not provide for the permanent or long-term presence of people in it. Therefore, heat costs are provided for much less than in residential premises. Comfortable and acceptable indicators are comparable to kitchen temperatures.

Bathroom, shared bathroom

In this room, the human body is in contact with water. At the same time, the heat transfer of the body increases sharply. Installed indoors high humidity. In order to prevent diseases of residents, the formation of mold, the destruction of finishing and building materials, the norms provide for a higher temperature than in other rooms. A comfortable temperature is set at 24 - 26 ° C, it can be lowered to 18 ° C.

to storage rooms, winter preparations, I don’t show standards for tools special requirements. It is allowed to lower the temperature to 12 ° C. The upper threshold of the permissible temperature is 22 ° C.

Big Picture

For convenience and systematization of what has been said, the digital data are listed in the table. The humidity of the air and the speed of its movement has a direct impact on the sensations experienced by a person from a particular temperature. Changing these parameters leads to the fact that human sensations of the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere can differ significantly from those measured by instruments.

Temperature standards for living

Name of premises	Air temperature, °С		Relative humidity, %		Air speed, m/s
	comfort	let-may	comfort	let-may	comfort	let-may
Cold period of the year
Living room	20-22	18-24	45-30	60	0,15	0,2
The same, in areas of the coldest five-day period (-31°С and below)	21 -23	20-24	45-30	60	0,15	0,2
Kitchen	19-21	18-26	N/N	N/N	0,15	0,2
Toilet	19-21	18-26	N/N	N/N	0,15	0,2
Bathroom, combined bathroom	24-26	18-26	N/N	N/N	0,15	0,2
Inter-apartment corridor	18-20	16-22	45-30	60	0,15	0,2
lobby, stairwell	16- 18	14-20	N/N	N/N	0,2	0,3
	16- 18	12-22	N/N	N/N	N/N	N/N
Warm period of the year
Living room	22-25	20-28	60-30	65	0,2	0,3

In most apartments, the doors to the premises, with the exception of the bathroom, toilet, pantry, do not close. Using tabular information, you can set what air temperature should be in the apartment. We get that at relative humidity 60% and air speed of 0.2 m/s, the comfortable temperature in the apartment is 21.6 o C.

Each of us has different ideas about the comfort of home. Knowing what the temperature in the apartment should be will allow you to make reasonable claims to the supplying organization, get a recalculation within 0.15% of the tariff for each hour of air temperature below normal.