One of the important factors for saving energy in a room is proper glazing, since a lot of heat can be lost through windows, with a significant proportion of losses occurring in infrared radiation. It is possible to reduce convective heat loss through the window by increasing the number of glasses and chambers in the package and installing a warm separating frame, while infrared radiation can be kept indoors due to the heat-reflecting glass coating.

If sufficient thermal insulation is not provided in the edge zones of double-glazed windows, the window freezes through, becomes covered with frost, warm air leaves the room through it, and cold air penetrates inside. When using traditional aluminum dividing frames in the design of double-glazed windows, this problem is observed quite often.

Stainless steel frames improve the thermal properties of the double-glazed window. But the best heat-insulating properties are possessed by the so-called warm frames of the warm edge system, for the manufacture of which fiberglass, plastic, silicone and similar polymeric materials are used.

Read about other types of distance frames.

The material of the warm frames is durable and does not lose performance characteristics under influence sun rays, not afraid of moisture. The thermal conductivity of warm frames is much lower than that of aluminum, therefore, thermal insulation characteristics above. In practice, double-glazed windows with a warm frame (warm edge) have the following advantages over windows with an aluminum separating frame:

• in winter time the temperature of the edge zones of the window increases by 5-6%;
• the formation of condensate, mold is prevented, in winter - frost;
• there are no places in the design that are vulnerable to the penetration of cold from the outside;
• heat loss through the window is reduced, the coefficient of heat transfer to the room reaches 70%.

Heat reflective glass coating

Even a single-chamber package of two glasses retains heat well in the room if it is applied to the glass. It is almost transparent, permeable to the rays of the visible spectrum (the light transmission of an energy-saving window with a heat-reflecting coating is only 4-5% lower than usual).

The essence of a heat-reflecting (low-emission) coating in an electoral bandwidth. It well passes solar energy (short-wave) into the room, and long-wave energy released by heating devices and obtained as a result of solar conversion, it retains in the room. Heat losses are reduced, cold zones in the window area disappear, the draft effect is eliminated, and the likelihood of condensation is reduced, since the glass warms up well.

Back in the USSR, a technology for applying a three-layer coating was developed: the reflective layer is located between the buffer and protective ones. Silver, silver and copper are used for reflective, and aluminum, tin, titanium are used for buffer and protective. The coating according to this technology is applied to the cleaned glass by deposition in a vacuum, deposition can be arc or magnetron. Today, heat-reflecting coatings are divided into "soft" and "hard", or I-glass and K-glass.

• The soft coating technology is simpler, the vacuum cathode sputtering method is used, the coating is two-layer, the silver layer directly reflects infrared rays, and the titanium oxide layer is protective.
• A hard coating is applied by pyrolysis directly in the process of glass production, at the moment when it is hot and not yet cooled down. The peculiarity of K-glass is that metal particles penetrate into the crystal structure of the glass, the metallized heat-reflecting film is covered with a thin protective layer of glass.

The adhesion and damage resistance of a hard coating is higher, but the actual heat-reflecting characteristics are better for a soft coating, and it lays down more evenly. In addition, the technology of its application is preferable in terms of environmental impact. Rigid heat-reflecting coating is losing popularity nowadays, since the process of applying it is very laborious, which affects the cost of such glasses and double-glazed windows with them. I-glass is more affordable, but less durable, the coating has a low chemical resistance.

The properties of the heat-saving film allow energy-saving windows to winter period keep the heat in the room and reduce the cost of heating it. In summer, they prevent overheating of the room, creating a comfortable and favorable microclimate in it.

Double-glazed windows with a heat-reflecting coating are more expensive than conventional ones, but more economical due to the ability to reduce the number of cameras when choosing a double-glazed window and saving on heating after installation. This technology makes it possible to get by with a smaller number of glasses - a single-chamber double-glazed window with heat-reflecting glass is superior in terms of heat-insulating characteristics to a two-chamber one without sputtering. This perfect solution for conditions that do not allow the use of massive double-glazed windows and solve the problem of heat saving by increasing the thickness of the glasses and the number of chambers.

There is another technology for the manufacture of energy-saving windows, which has not yet become widespread due to its high cost, but is characterized by exceptional energy efficiency. This is the so-called electrically heated double-glazed window made of tempered K-glass with conductive tracks, it is connected to the power supply and used as a heating element. Such double-glazed windows can be installed in unheated rooms.

Sliding warm glazing

On balconies and loggias, as well as on verandas, sliding glazing is often used, which allows the most efficient use of the available space. At the same time, the frames do not swing open, but move relative to each other. Such glazing can be cold (aluminum) and warm (using plastic profile). If the glazed room is planned to be heated and used as a residential area, you cannot do without it, although it is more expensive.

Sliding systems based aluminum profile can also have a thermal insert, such systems can be used for warm glazing and are not inferior in energy efficiency to plastic double-glazed windows.

One of best solutions for warm sliding glazing – PVC system SLIDORS (Slidors). These systems are made of PVC profiles with galvanized fittings inside; in double-glazed windows, a double seal with a special insert is used. Double-glazed windows combine high strength with excellent heat and sound insulation characteristics, they are waterproof, thanks to the high rail they can be used in any weather. By price sliding systems based on a PVC profile is more accessible than hinged ones.

For warm sliding glazing, the KBE PremiLine system can be used, provided that energy-saving double-glazed windows. The LG Hausys system with 18 mm double-glazed windows is also used for warm sliding glazing.

Panoramic warm glazing

The good thing is that it lets as much light into the room as possible. On the other hand, an increase in the glazing area can lead to an increase in heat loss in winter. Therefore, it is important to use for warm panoramic glazing not single glasses, but double-glazed windows, and with the best heat-insulating characteristics. For these purposes, it is worth choosing double-glazed windows with chambers filled with argon, low-emission glass coating and a warm separating frame.

For warm panoramic glazing, it is preferable not to massive PVC packages, but to lighter aluminum profile-based double-glazed windows with a plastic thermal insert. SunFlex structures (Germany) are ideal, this is a folding system that allows glazing openings of various configurations up to 3.5 m high, and performing non-threshold glazing. The design is characterized by low thermal conductivity and high soundproofing properties, each leaf has a double sealing contour. The system can be aluminum or wood-aluminum, has an aesthetic appeal.

The heat-saving characteristics of a window depend on a number of parameters - the thickness and number of glasses, the thickness of the chambers and their filling, the material of the dividing frame, the presence of a heat-reflecting coating and the technology of its application. The heat-saving properties of the window are enhanced by filling the chambers with argon, the use of a polymer dividing frame, and low-emission sputtering on glass. Windows that combine several heat-saving parameters are the most effective.

It is important for a person who has decided to install PVC windows to determine what exactly he wants to get from installing these windows: just put a modern beautiful window or protect your home from noise, cold and solar overheating.

If you chose the latter, then the best option is the installation of windows with energy-saving glass.

What is heat-saving (energy-saving) glass? These are glasses on which special ultra-thin, completely transparent, low-emissivity coatings are applied. Low-emissivity coatings transmit short-wave radiation and do not transmit long-wave radiation. In other words, they miss well sunlight inside the room and poorly pass the heat emanating from heating appliances, as a result of which warm air remains in the room, and does not escape through the glass to the outside. This significantly reduces the cost of space heating and saves significant money.

According to their technology and efficiency, energy-saving glasses are divided into K-glass and I-glass.

1. K-glass is produced by pyrolytic technology with a resistant hard coating (metal). The production technology of K-glass consists in applying a coating to the glass during its manufacture. Metal oxides are sprayed onto glass at a temperature of about 600 degrees. With such high temperature metal oxides penetrate the very structure of the glass, becoming one with the glass.

In appearance, K-glass has no differences from ordinary glass.

K-glass significantly reduces heat loss. It transmits shortwave solar energy into the room and does not let the long-wave heat radiation of heating devices out. The disadvantages of K-glass include its lower efficiency compared to I-glass and its high price.

K-glass can be tempered and laminated. Glass is tempered by chemical or heat treatment, therefore increasing the strength of the glass to various kinds shock and temperature fluctuations. Laminated glass is two or more glasses joined together by a special film or a special liquid.

2. I-glass is produced using magnetor technology with soft coating. This technology consists in applying the smallest particles of metal oxides to glass by means of electromagnetic deposition in a vacuum environment.

The disadvantage of I-glass is its abrasive brittleness, which affects transportation and storage. After opening the package, such glass must be installed immediately, therefore, mainly specialized companies work with such glass. But the thermal insulation properties of I-glass are much higher than those of K-glass, and its price is lower.

The main misconceptions about heat-saving glasses:

1. Heat-saving glasses have a short service life.

Not true. The heat-saving coating cannot be damaged during the operation of the window, as it is located inside the sealed double-glazed window. Its service life is equal to the window service life.

2. Heat-saving glass does not transmit ultraviolet light.

Not true. The PVB film, which is glued on the windows, does not let through ultraviolet.

3. Heat-saving glass is bad for indoor plants.

Not true. Plants need visible light, and heat-saving glasses transmit sunlight as well as possible and, in addition, create a microclimate, which is so necessary for indoor plants.

4. From heat-saving glasses it will be hotter in summer.

Not true. Through heat-saving glass, the room heats up in summer by 12% less than through ordinary glass.

Premium German brand on the Russian market since 1995. With us you get real German quality from a company with a 48-year history around the world.

• ALL profile systems top class "A"
• ALL are frost-resistant and marked with the letter "M"
• ALL have maximum 4-sided steel reinforcement
• Uniform quality standard regardless of the country of production

The more air chambers, the less air exchange and, accordingly, the higher the thermal insulation.

The wider the profile and the greater the installation depth, the higher the thermal insulation.

Profiles ONLY top class "A"

According to the thickness of the inner walls, ALL of our profiles are of the highest class "A" - the thickness of their front wall is at least 3 mm.

• class "A": front wall not less than 3.0 mm
• class "B": front wall not less than 2.5 mm
• class "C": wall thickness is not standardized

Please note that 80-90% Russian market these are classes "B" and "C" and only 10-20% of class "A" profiles. At the same time, in our range of VEKA profiles ONLY class "A".

As a matter of principle, we DO NOT use profile systems of classes "B" and "C" (with a front wall width of less than 3.0 mm).

ONLY frost-resistant profiles

According to GOST 30673-99 “PVC profiles for window and door blocks”, in terms of resistance to climatic influences, ALL of our profiles are “frost-resistant” - for areas with AVERAGE monthly air temperature in January BELOW minus 20 ° С.

GOST standards for different classes:

• normal version "N": average temperature in January - minus 20°C and above
• frost-resistant version "M": the average temperature in January is lower than minus 20°С

In our assortment ONLY frost-resistant profile systems, marked with the letter "M".

Heat transfer resistance (thermal heat resistance) is the main coefficient of thermal insulation. It is determined by the ratio of the temperature difference between outside and inside the room to heat flow passing through the window. The higher this number, the better the thermal insulation efficiency.

Evolutionary double-glazed windows SmartGlass 2.0

Our multifunctional double-glazed windows work for you both in winter and in summer. In winter, sputtering of silver particles saves up to 90% of the heat energy of heating devices, and in summer a double-glazed window reflects 25% more solar heat than ordinary plastic windows.

• 42% more HEAT in winter (energy saving properties)
• 25% less HEAT in summer (sun protection properties)

All our double-glazed windows contain special energy-efficient glasses. We DO NOT use ordinary glasses even in the most basic configurations.

AirDrive I, II and III climate control systems

Optimal ventilation mechanisms are built into the windows - the sashes open slightly by 1-5 mm, depending on the selected mode. These are NOT external devices (combs or valves), but BUILT-IN furniture ventilation.

Three options:

• AirDrive I: night ventilation (1 mode)
• AirDrive II: discrete multi-stage ventilation (3 modes)
• AirDrive III: discrete multi-stage ventilation (5 modes)

We try not to put combs because of them appearance(only at your request). In principle, we do not use valves due to the fact that they violate the integrity of the window, reduce its tightness and strength (since the profile and its reinforcement are drilled through).

Heat-saving double-glazed window wooden windows has distance frames made using plastic, which eliminates the appearance of a "cold bridge", creating a thermal break. This design allows you to almost completely eliminate the freezing of the double-glazed window at the edges and significantly reduce the likelihood of fogging. Additional insulation of windows is carried out by filling the chambers with argon and using low-emission energy-saving I-glass.

What is I-glass

I-glass is an infrared (thermal) mirror that reflects heat radiation back into the room. At the same time, I-glass does not prevent the passage of the visible light of the Sun into the room. Such glass is made by applying a thin metal film to ordinary window glass. I-glass is installed in a double-glazed window with a film inside, so the double-glazed window can be safely washed without fear of damaging the coating.

Heat saving for OSB windows

At your request, we will install heat-saving double-glazed windows 28 mm thick and with the formula 4-20TR + Ar-4I (single-chamber, consisting of M1 glass 4 mm thick, a 20 mm thick chamber filled with argon and having a frame with a thermal break - TR, energy-saving I-glass 4 mm thick) or 4I-8TR + Ar-4I-8TR + Ar-4 (two-chamber, consisting of two chambers 8 mm thick, filled with argon and having frames with a thermal break, two energy-saving I-glasses 4 mm thick and one glass brand M1 4 mm thick).

Thermal pack 4-20TR+Ar-4I

Specifications

A single-chamber package of light weight, which reduces the load on the fittings, prolonging their service life.

The presence of only two glasses increases the light transmission of the window.

Optional

• Self-cleaning glass (Active)
• Solar control multifunctional glass
• Soundproof Thick Pilkington Glass

Thermal pack 4I-8TR+Ar-4I-8TR+Ar-4

Specifications

Thanks to the presence of two chambers best thermal insulation and soundproofing.

Optional

• Self-cleaning glass (Active)
• Solar control multifunctional glass
• Soundproof Thick Pilkington Glass

Heat saving for Eurowindows

The maximum heat saving for wooden eurocones is achieved by installing two-chamber heat packs with the formula 4-12TR + Ar-4I-14TR + Ar-4 (38 mm) in them. The double-glazed window consists of one M1 glass 4 mm thick, two chambers 12 and 14 mm thick filled with argon and having frames with a thermal break, two energy-saving I-glasses 4 mm thick.

Relatively recently in the construction market finishing materials a thin polymer film appeared, which has the thinnest coating of gold, silver or chromium-nickel alloy, the thickness of which does not exceed a few nanometers and is commonly called a heat-saving film on windows.

Its efficiency in the house is due to a number of factors, given which you can really achieve the effect of heat saving, saving up to 30% of heat consumption in an apartment or on a balcony during the cold season, but you can also get a number of completely undesirable effects that this material has.

How does film work?

The basis for the production of the film is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer, the thickness of which, depending on the manufacturer and operating conditions of the heat-saving film, can vary from 80 to 200 microns. Due to the high plasticity of the heat-saving film, it can, to some extent, increase the strength of window glass, especially when glued directly onto its surface. But the biggest advantage is that accidentally broken window glass will not shatter into small pieces. They will remain in the window frame tightly “glued” to the film.

But the protection of window glass, of course, is not the main task of using a heat-saving film.

Due to the microscopic layer of rare-earth metals deposited on its surface by plasma evaporation and subsequent deposition of metal vapor in an argon medium, a layer is formed that, without preventing the penetration of visible spectrum rays through the film, changes the transparency of the film for UV and IR rays due to refraction. Sun. These rays are not visible to the human eye. But IR (infrared) rays are responsible for the transfer of heat, their film, refracting, reflects into the room, it is due to this that its “heat-saving” effect is manifested. But the rays of the UV (ultraviolet) part of the spectrum, which make up a significant segment of the light of the Sun, it reflects, preventing their penetration into the room.

The UV rays of the Sun have a strong ionizing effect. Being vital for the body in small doses, they contribute to the production of vitamins of group D in the human body, normal photosynthesis of indoor plants and the purification of indoor air from pathogens.

When is film appropriate?

Most manufacturers recommend sticking a heat-saving film on the windows of an apartment or balcony only on cold period– from October to March. It is during this period that protection from heat loss through windows affects. The rays of the Sun, trying to penetrate the windows into the room, practically do not carry heat with them in winter, so the reflection of the UV part of the Sun's light does not cause discomfort, since the films are absolutely transparent and do not give a tinted effect. But the IR (infrared) rays that seek to leave the room, emanating from heating devices, on the contrary, are reflected inside the room. It is in this that the heat-saving properties of the film are manifested. Another important factor in which the heat-saving effect is most fully manifested is the technology of applying a heat-saving film to glass.

There are two types of films: the most common are heat-shrink films that can stretch when heated. warm air from a household hair dryer and film, directly glued to the glass in a "wet" way, using soap solutions.

In the first case, pasted on double sided tape on the window frame, the film also plays the role of a “third glass”. Between window glass and the film forms a thin air layer, which, like the air between the glass panes, is an excellent protection against heat loss.

Negative film properties

In addition to positive, the film also has negative properties.

The most serious of these is the almost total reflection of the Sun's UV rays. From this negative property of the film most suffer houseplants growing on a windowsill or balcony, which begin to wither and die. Therefore, if you use heat-saving film on windows in winter, be sure to arrange for plants located on your windowsills a 12-hour illumination with phyto-lamps that give the correct radiation spectrum necessary for normal plant growth and to make up for the deficiency. natural light Sun. True, in this case, there can be no talk of any “energy saving” in your apartment. Even very economical LED phytolamps, with daily illumination of plants for 12 hours, will completely “absorb” your savings on space heating.

The second negative effect of the heat-saving film applied to the windows of an apartment or balcony is its complete inefficiency in spring and autumn periods. When the heating in the apartment is not yet turned on, or is already turned off, the film prevents the penetration of the sun's heat from the street. On the balcony and in the apartment, especially in spring, it becomes cold and damp.

Another disadvantage of heat-saving films is their ability to reflect radio waves. The radio signal going to your TV antenna or mobile phone, will be reflected metal coated film, and the signal coming from your mobile device will also be reflected inside the apartment.

That's why, cellular in houses where a heat-retaining film is glued to the windows, as a rule, it is very poor.

How to mount film

It depends on what kind of film you are using - shrink, self-adhesive or soap-based. In any case, you will need an assistant. The film can be sold both in sheets folded in half and in rolls.

First preparatory stage is washing and drying the window.

After that, a layer of soap solution is applied to it from a household sprayer. To prepare it, you can use a children's uncolored shampoo or colorless dishwashing liquid. After that, a film cut to the size of the glass is applied to the abundantly moistened glass of the window. Be sure to first the upper edge, and with a soft rubber roller or a rubber scraper for cleaning windows, expel excess soap solution from under the film. First, from top to bottom - in the middle of the glass, and then - from the glued middle of the film to the sides. If possible, the formation of large air bubbles should be avoided. In these places the film will not stick. Small wrinkles and liquid bubbles will disappear on their own as the film dries and the film will completely straighten out.

Glue in the same way self-adhesive film. Only the base that protects the adhesive layer is not removed immediately from the entire film, but a narrow strip is peeled off from the upper edge of the film. It is necessary to work together. Having glued the upper edge, the person at the top smoothes the glued film with a soft cloth, and the person at the bottom gradually removes protective layer pulling it towards you. The main thing is not to rush.

Installation of shrink film is also best done by two people. around the perimeter window frame double-sided adhesive tape is glued, a blank 2 cm larger than the glass is cut out of the film, and glued to the adhesive tape around the entire perimeter. First, the top, while the assistant should pull the bottom edge of the film by the corners, preventing premature gluing of the film. The resulting wrinkles and folds are not terrible.

After gluing, the film is blown with hot air from a hair dryer, and it straightens and stretches itself. Shrink film is especially effective on the balcony, where it acts as a second or third glass.

Summing up

If you are going to apply heat-saving film on windows in your apartment, weigh the pros and cons. Perhaps it would be cheaper to insulate a balcony or windows if they are wooden, or a freezing wall or floor? The film is not in a radical way insulation, in addition, it requires annual replacement.