Any good owner takes care of his property, ensuring its independent protection from various criminal encroachments. Today, "with the development of technology" of committing crimes, an ordinary mechanical lock has ceased to be a reliable barrier between your home and an intruder.

Such locks are opened in an “intelligent” way in a few minutes, but, thank God, progress does not stand still and today the market offers us a wide selection of fairly reliable electromechanical locks. Such locking devices are good for everyone, except for the price, so craftsmen have long been wondering how to make a home-made electromechanical lock? In the framework of this article, we will try to answer this question, along the way, analyzing the motivation for the independent manufacture of such a locking device.

Why make an electromechanical lock yourself?

Reading this article, many may ask the question, why bother at all and try to make an electromechanical locking device with your own hands, when you can easily buy it in a store? Even if the price for it is not low, but you can always save up, put it off or take it in installments, it's still better than, in the end, failing trying to "rivet" something more or less working.

First of all, one should not discount the inquisitive mind of our Russian handicraftsmen, who may not really need the castle itself, it’s just interesting to figure it out and make it. The second point is the security we have already mentioned, any factory locking device has its drawbacks, which an attacker may be aware of. Using this knowledge, the offender will quickly deal with the sophisticated electromechanical lock bought in the store and take everything of value out of the house.

And imagine if you manage to assemble a stable working electromechanical device. Its main advantage will be that no one except you will know the features of its design, which means that an attacker simply will not take risks trying to open the lock. But even if you run into a super-professional thief who cannot be held by any lock, even such a thief will still lose more time fiddling with the opening of a "homemade" than if he were opening a factory device. In general, there are some advantages to homemade locks.

True, here it is necessary to make a reservation, a device made by oneself must be made on the basis of a workable circuit and repeatedly tested.

What approach to choose when making a castle

The appearance of your electromechanical lock will be largely influenced by the approach that was chosen during its manufacture. There are two main approaches that craftsmen use when creating locks and their control systems.

1. The first approach involves the handicraft production of all elements of the protective system, including an electromechanical locking device.
2. The second approach involves a combination of factory and handicraft elements of the system, including the lock.

Experienced craftsmen advise using the second approach, since it is very difficult to make absolutely all the parts on your own, and there is no need. It is much easier and more efficient to “improve” factory samples of locking devices by introducing their own “handicraft lotions”.

It is extremely difficult to make an electromechanical lock from scratch, because in its design it has elements, the manufacture of which requires specialized equipment. However, no one forbids taking parts and accessories from other locking devices and making a hybrid unknown to any professional burglar.

Required tools and accessories

The composition of the necessary components and parts will largely depend on the complexity of the design of your electromechanical lock. In this paragraph, we will describe the most typical parts and tools that may be required for the manufacture of an electromechanical locking device and its control system. Let's start with the details.

• Circuit board and radio components according to the diagram. We will need them to make the lock control unit, although no one bothers you to adapt the finished factory unit.
• Details of the secrecy mechanism of the mechanical part of the lock (bolt, levers, springs).
• Ready-made case for the lock or materials for its manufacture. Naturally, the better the materials, the better.
• A specialized electric drive for electromechanical locks or a standard drive for the central locking of a car.
• Small electric motor.
• Gear wheels and crowns.
• Drive spoke.
• A small metal rod with a handle that will be attached to the lock body and will become part of the electric strike, if you need it, of course.
• Relay, designed for a certain load, fasteners for the lock.
• 12 volt power supply and electrical wiring of the required length and section. Masters recommend using multi-colored wiring in order to avoid mistakes when connecting all elements of the protective system.
• Control elements for an electromechanical lock, call panel, handset or monitor for a video intercom.

It is not in vain that we consider not only the details of the locking device itself, but also its controls. Since putting only one electromechanical lock without connecting it to the network and auxiliary devices means doing all the work in vain. In addition to parts and accessories, we also need tools. It is also quite difficult to designate their complete list, so we will focus on typical ones.

1. Soldering iron, solder, side cutters, pliers.
2. A set of various screwdrivers.
3. A set of needle files and files.
4. Drill with drills for metal with a diameter of 1.5 to 15 mm. If you're working with a printed circuit board and parts, you will need thinner drills.
5. Instruments for measuring voltage.

The process of self-manufacturing an electromechanical lock

To make an electromechanical lock, we start with a control unit. In this case, you need to either purchase a ready-made board for the control unit with the necessary parameters, or make it yourself according to the attached diagram (Fig. 1).

We solder the necessary radio components to a specially prepared printed circuit board and remove it for now to the side. Now let's start making the lock case. We note right away that it is better to make the case in such a way that both the control unit and the mechanical part of the lock fit in it, with the exception of cases when the locking device is planned to be used on the street.

The case is best made of metal, at least 3 mm thick. The shape and size of the body will depend on the size of the components. Now you can proceed to the installation of elements in the housing according to the diagram (Fig. 2). Let us briefly describe the procedure for the production of works.

Summing up, we note that it is quite possible to make an electromechanical lock yourself. However, this requires a certain skill, desire and ability to handle tools. It is best to use ready-made components for electromechanical locking devices that are supplied by their manufacturers. In this case, your homemade device will turn out to be somewhat more expensive, but it is more likely that it will be reliable and stable. Master with pleasure!

We have replenished the section of useful homemade products for the home: do-it-yourself unopenable invisible lock.

Thieves have learned to open a mechanical lock of any complexity for a long time. It is more difficult with a combination lock, but they find ways to get around all its secrets.

However, the lock can only be opened if the location of the unlocking device, such as a keyhole, a door keypad, etc., is known.

Understanding this, stealth locks without a keyhole and keys were developed, where the unlocking devices are made in the form of coded or infrared remote fobs, GPS radiotelephones, etc.

It would seem that it would be impossible to open such a lock. However, they open.

For example, they scan the key fob code with special devices. They learned to do everything, even ATMs are robbed by reading the code of a bank card.

All these systems have a common drawback: the device (key, key fob, etc.) is concentrated in one place, having determined which, the thief opens the lock.

Picking up a key for him is not a problem, picking up a code too, the key fob can be scanned.

The proposed lock differs from the known ones in that the unlocking elements of the lock (hereinafter referred to as the keys) are separated, duplicated many times, and the lock can only be opened when all the keys are activated.

Since the keys can be spaced a considerable distance, this lock is especially convenient for summer cottages, where thieves most often trade.

One of the keys can be placed, for example, in a separate toilet. It would never occur to anyone that, having visited the toilet, a person opened the house.

I can hardly imagine how such a lock can be opened without knowing the number, principle of operation of spaced keys and their location, especially since the lock itself is not visible from the outside of the door.

Design and principle of operation

The lock (Fig. 1) consists of a body 1, in which an electric motor 2 of DC DPR 42 12v is placed. 2500 rpm, which is connected by screw 5 with crossbar 3.

Screw thread pitch 0.3…0.5 mm. At rated engine speed, the deadbolt moves 20 mm. in one or two seconds.

The lock closes and opens with a simple click.

There is an annular groove on the bolt, into which balls 8 fall when it moves. The balls serve as a transmission link between the bolt and microswitches 6 and 7. The microswitches are designed to stop the engine. When the next ball hits the groove, the corresponding switch turns off the engine. The distance between the switches determines the travel of the bolt. Pin 4 prevents the bolt from rotating.

Fig.1

The lock control is shown in Fig.2. The lock is open as in Figure 1.

Designations: P - relay 12v. with two changeover contacts kP1 and kP2. Bell button K5. Microswitches K2 and K3 operating in antiphase. When one is on, the other is off.

Electric motor M. Tumbler K4. Gerkon GK. Blocking contact K1. circuits - 12v.

lock closing

To close the lock, you need to close the door tightly. In this case, the previously open blocking contact K1 closes (Fig. 3)

Fig.3

Contact K1, these are two metal plates fixed on the door and one closing on the door jamb. (Fig.4).

The contact prevents the possibility of closing the lock with an open or not tightly closed . After closing the door, you need to press the K5 button located on the outside of the door. In this case, the relay P is activated, switches the contacts KR1 and KR2 to the position shown in Figure 3 and turns on the motor M.

After one or two seconds, the motor will move the bolt to the position shown in Figure 5 and open contact K3. Relay P will be de-energized, contacts KR1 and KR2 will take a neutral position and turn off the engine. Fig.6. The castle will be closed.

Rice. 5

After the lock is closed, button 5 is disabled by contact K3. Any manipulations with this button that may interest a thief, long presses or even a broken wire will not prevent you from opening the lock and repairing the damage.

Fig.6

Opening the castle

To open the lock, you need to connect (short-circuit) the points of circuit A and B (Fig. 7).

Fig.7

You can do this in various ways. For example, turn on the contact of the K4 toggle switch and bring the magnet to the GK reed switch. (Fig.7).

The reed switch can be hidden under the door trim. Or use ordinary lighting as K4. If you screw in the lamp, the circuit will close. There are many options. There is a wide field for imagination here. Only one thing matters. It is necessary to spread the keys (serially connected elements) away and, if possible, disguise them.

The phase of opening the lock is shown in Figure 7. After turning on the engine, the bolt (Fig. 1) that has moved to the open state will open contact K2 and turn off the motor.

Fig.8

The door can now be opened by opening contact K1. The circuit returned to its initial state (Fig. 2). By closing the door and pressing K5, you can close the door again according to the algorithm described above.

Note

For the correct operation of the lock, the direction of rotation of the motor must match the direction of the screw thread 5. For a right-hand thread, in the opening phase of the lock, the motor must rotate counterclockwise when viewed from the shaft side.

Electric locks are modern locking devices that operate under the influence of electric current. Installation of electric locks in most cases is carried out by professionals, however, all work can be done on your own. Installation and connection require a minimum set of tools, a lot of attention and maximum precision.

Additional devices for electric locks

The device of the electric lock depends on its type. Currently there are:

• electromechanical locks;
• electromagnetic locks.

The composition of the electromechanical lock

Combines the functions of a simple mechanical shutter and an electric drive.

Electric door lock with mechanical opening function consists of:

• the body of the device in which the electric motor is installed, the larva for opening with a key and the locking crossbars;
• striker plate;
• a set of keys;
• additional electrical wires;
• fasteners;
• instructions describing how to install an electric lock.

It is advisable to install electromechanical locks indoors or additionally protect them from moisture with casings.

The composition of the electromagnetic lock

It holds the door in the closed position with the help of a magnetic field that occurs due to the supply of electric current, that is, a powerful magnet located in one part of the lock holds the metal bar on the counterpart of the mechanism.

The composition of such a device when it is purchased includes:

• magnet, which is a separate part of the lock;
• reciprocal metal bar, attracted by a magnet;
• corner for mounting the main unit;
• fasteners;
• additional wires;
• instructions that describe in detail how to connect the electric lock.

Electromagnetic locks are less whimsical than electromechanical ones. You can use the devices without additional protection both indoors and outdoors.

Additional equipment for any kind of electric locks

Installation of electric locks on the door or is impossible without additional equipment, which includes:

• a controller that controls the electric lock and is located in a special unit;

• uninterruptible power supply, which is required for the operation of the device during periods of central power outage. The electric lock can be powered from an electrical outlet or batteries located in this unit. Charging of accumulators is made from the network adapter;

• a reader for code information from a key fob or card, which is located on the outside of the door;

• door opening device from the inside. The electric lock on the front door can be equipped with this device for additional convenience of users.

If the owner wishes, the electric lock on the gate can be equipped with an intercom with the function of autonomous opening from the living quarters. In this case, you do not have to go out every time to let in visitors.

Another additional device - closer - is installed at the request of the user. Doors equipped with closers operate smoothly, without vibration when closing, which reduces the life of the lock.

A set of additional devices is determined by the need (controller and power supply) and the wishes of the user.

Electric lock installation

Installing an electric lock with your own hands is done in various ways, depending on the type of device and its location.

If the locking mechanism is to be installed on the door, mortise locks are predominantly used.

If a locking device is required to fix the gate, then overhead locks are used.

Installation of an electric lock on the front door

How to put an electric lock on the front door? This will require:

• drill with various attachments for drilling holes for fastening elements of the lock and additional equipment;
• screwdriver for secure fixation of connecting elements;
• chisel, hammer. Necessary for arranging an internal niche in wooden structures;
• boxes or other devices to protect electrical wires from mechanical damage and moisture, as well as to give the room an aesthetic appearance.

You can embed an electric lock with your own hands according to the following scheme:

1. on the door leaf, mark the area for installing the lock and mark the attachment points of the device;

Correct marking is the key to proper installation and smooth operation of the lock.

1. remove part of the door leaf and drill holes for the connecting bolts;
2. install the lock in a niche and securely fix the device;
3. mark the area under the striker on the door jamb;
4. remove part of the jamb in the same way;
5. install and secure the reciprocal bar;
6. install additional equipment;

The power supply is located near the current source. It is more expedient to install the controller on the wall next to the door so that the equipment does not interfere with the passage and opening of the door.

1. stretch and remove all connecting wires in the box;
2. connect all mechanisms. The wiring diagram for the electric lock is included in the kit;
3. connect the circuit to a power source;
4. check the functionality.

If errors or shortcomings are found, they should be eliminated and / or corrected, since the lock will not work correctly.

The process of installing a mortise lock is discussed in detail in the video.

Installing an electric lock on a gate

To install an electric lock on a gate, in addition to the above equipment, you will need:

• Bulgarian;
• welding machine.

This equipment is necessary for the installation of profile pipes on which the lock will be mounted.

You can install the lock using the following instructions:

1. if necessary, mount a frame from profile pipes in the area of ​​​​the lock installation. How to do this correctly will help you figure out the electric lock diagram attached to the equipment set, on which all dimensions of the device are marked;
2. markup for further installation. It is necessary to note the places of fastenings and through holes required for mounting the system elements;
3. install and secure the lock;

1. in a similar way, mount the reciprocal bar and the additional equipment provided for by the design;
2. connect the electric lock according to the attached diagram;
3. install a protective cover over the lock;
4. check the correct operation of the device. Correct deficiencies if necessary.

Installation of electric locks is carried out according to the schemes attached to the device. In order for the mechanism to work correctly and be used for a long period of time, the entire installation process must be carried out with the utmost clarity and increased attention.

Every homeowner strives to create a comfortable atmosphere in his home and ensure proper security. For this, various means and devices can be used, including an electromechanical lock on the gate.

One has only to imagine for a moment: it is pouring rain outside the window with a strong gusty wind, so the mere thought that you need to go outside and open a Kalinka to someone evokes horror. But if an electromagnetic or electromechanical lock is installed on the gate or kalinka with your own hands, you just need to press the button, and guests will be able to enter the courtyard.

Electromechanical locking devices used for street gates are unique in that they are a hybrid design that combines mechanical and electronic components. As a rule, two keys are attached to each of them: an electronic one (card or tablet key) and a mechanical one.

Usually, opening an electromechanical device, for example, Cisa, is carried out using a solenoid: when voltage is applied to the contacts of this element, the spring latch is released, so the working bolt enters the lock under the influence of the spring. Closing the lock does the opposite.

The mechanism is opened from the inside using a special button located on the gate, or from a control mechanism. From the outside, the lock is opened with a mechanical key.

Features of choice

When choosing a Cisa locking device, which will be installed by hand, you should pay attention that there are two types of locks:

• mortise;
• overhead.

An overhead (as well as a mortise) electric lock is outwardly indistinguishable from a conventional mechanical device. And yet, locking mechanisms can be left-handed and right-handed (depending on the type of structure being opened, one or another version of the lock is chosen). The electromagnetic mechanism has the same features.

In addition, the electric lock on the gate, depending on the features of locking and unlocking, can be of the following type:

• motor;
• electroblocking;
• with electric latch;
• solenoid.

Self-installation of locking devices

After the choice is made and the lock is purchased, it's time to start installing it. Of course, ideally, installation should be carried out by a professional, because safety depends on the correctness of such work. However, if all the necessary tools are available and the home master has certain skills, installing an electric lock on the gate can be done with your own hands.

The complexity of the installation work depends on the type of locking mechanism chosen. If, for example, a Cisa overhead lock is purchased, installing it yourself does not cause problems.

She looks like this:

1. Markings are made on the gate (mark the future location of the device).
2. Drill holes in the canvas for fasteners.
3. Install the locking device and fix it.
4. Carry out the installation of the reciprocal bar.
5. Check the functionality of the installed mechanism.

It is more difficult to install the Cisa mortise lock with your own hands.

Such do-it-yourself work is performed as follows:

1. Markings are made at the end (the dimensions must correspond to the end part of the locking mechanism).
2. A niche is cut out in a metal sheet and inserted into the resulting “pocket” of the lock case.
3. On the canvas mark the attachment points of the device.
4. In the same way, mark and cut a hole for a square rod.
5. After all the holes are cut out, insert the device into the groove and fix it with self-tapping screws.
6. A square rod is placed in the corresponding hole, additional structural elements are installed.
7. Mark the location of the reciprocal bar and fix it.

If the installation is done correctly, everything should function properly.

Advantages and disadvantages

All electric locks on the gate have both advantages and disadvantages.

The advantages of Cisa devices include the following properties:

1. High reliability. No one can open such a lock even in the absence of electricity. But the electromagnetic locking mechanism is more vulnerable.
2. Durability. If a malfunction is found in the operation of the Cisa locking device, its repair can be carried out as soon as possible.
3. Some Cisa models are equipped with a backup battery. By the way, for greater reliability, the electromagnetic mechanism can also be equipped with an additional power source.
4. Like an electromagnetic lock, an electromechanical one can be combined with other security systems, for example, with an intercom.

Among the shortcomings, the following features can be distinguished:

1. Possible malfunctions at low temperatures or moisture. Therefore, Cisa models and other electromechanical devices must be properly protected.
2. The wiring leading to the locking mechanism should be well disguised, otherwise an attacker will get to it and harm the mechanism.
3. The bolt protruding from the end of the sash can cause injury or damage clothing.

Of course, all the shortcomings simply fade when compared with the advantages of these devices. Yes, and such locking mechanisms are acceptable. However, is it worth saving on security? Wouldn't it be wiser to purchase a high-quality lock, install it yourself and be sure that the house is under reliable protection?

Electronic locks today are replacing conventional locking systems. More recently, these locks were used only in public buildings.

The electric lock on the front door has many advantages when compared with standard locks of any class:

1. The mechanism of many locking devices has long been familiar to “interested persons”. Well, the well itself with a handle will tell a lot about a professional, and picking up the necessary tools and methods of work is already a trifling matter.
2. These locks are not visible either from the inside or from the outside of the door. they don't have a keyhole. It can be installed anywhere over the entire area of ​​​​the door, if there is a desire to crack, then first you have to find it - this is not feasible without a special device. The advantage of the electric lock on the front door is that they do not have mechanical keys - in frequent cases they are lost, and they are also easy to fake.

This lock can only be opened with plastic cards, touch keys, GSM beacon, or a signal from a remote control, according to the principle of entering a code. The most advanced electric locks are capable of reading biometric parameters, for example, the retina or fingerprints of the owners of a house or apartment.

The electric lock on the front door is sold everywhere. The cost of electromagnetic is much higher compared to electromechanical. The advantages include reliability, wear resistance and excellent performance against burglaries. The price may depend on the modification of the lock. The approximate cost of locks is from 1 thousand rubles.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of the simplest electronic mechanical locks include the fact that it is opened from the outside with a key, and from the inside - with a special button.

For example, there was an accidental pressing of a key and a person stays at home, but the door is not slammed - the door will remain open. There are also electric locks. They include the structure of the electric control of the bolt (locking the door) and the electronic motor that controls the bolt.

The bolt is locked in such a way that the door itself cannot be squeezed out. In addition, these locks can work in different modes, the bolts can be closed in different ways, it depends on the level of protection at the moment of closing.

Simple design features that do not have friction give the advantage of electric locks on the front door. They keep the door closed thanks to a powerful electric magnet that attracts energy supply. They are trying to somehow deal with this problem, using a variety of devices in addition.

Electromagnetic locks should not be installed if there is no constant power supply. The newest, faster and more reliable structure is a solenoid lock that controls the bolt thanks to a magnet. The advantage includes combined electromotive and magnetic structures. This system will work even when the electricity is turned off, while the door itself will be closed.

Important point! Electric locks come with various control structures - both remote and contact. They use electronic locks, magnetic cards, radio key fobs and code keys. The disadvantage can be considered that they are dependent on energy consumption.

Types and purchase of electric locks

Electric locks are electromagnetic and electromechanical:

1. The basis of the first type of lock includes an electromagnetic field created by applying voltage. Thanks to its action, the mechanical bar securely fixes and holds the door in the closed position.
2. The electromechanical lock works on a short supply of voltage. This system does not need a stable voltage - energy is supplied only during the opening of the door.

The purchase of an electric lock is possible for use together with an intercom, a keypad with a code and a device that reads plastic cards. You can buy this lock and put it on any door, these locks are dominated by devices that close the door on purpose and are able to ensure the operation without any interruption of any electric and electromagnetic locks.

In the case of buying an electric lock, you can also consider the closing speed, it is determined by special control valves. The system of this closer must correspond to the weight and dimensions of the door.

You also need to make the right choice of electrical locking structure.

These basic properties should be taken into account:

• slamming;
• power outage;

If you buy an electric lock, you will need another battery, it needs to be changed after three years. It is possible to purchase a lock and a bill of lading and a mortise, they open remotely, but they will close when they are slammed. At the moment, it is possible to purchase an electric lock with a variety of options in addition. For example, if the lock has the Hands-free property, the door in this case will open without hands. This feature is indispensable for summer residents and lovers of shopping.

Overview of the best models and prices

Overview by installation method:

Mortise electromechanical

The cost is from 1400-1600 rubles.

They have high protection and secrecy, since the lock itself crashes into the door, and the handle remains visible. These locks can be opened with keys.

Overhead electromechanical

The cost is from 1000-1200 rubles.

Their assembly is easier compared to mortise ones, they are installed on the door from the inside. Usually they are used for doors made of metal or wood.

According to the method of controlling the deadbolt:

motor class

The cost is from 600-1000 rubles.

These locks are quite reliable, the service life is long, but also the most complex. They have a DC electric motor - it opens the bolt. If the door is closed, the bolt cannot be released due to the pressure of the electric actuator. There are brands of locks with multiple bolts, multifunctional work schedules, the disadvantage is the opening time.

Solenoid locks

Their cost can be from 300 rubles.

Work from electromagnetic windings. The bolt, which is the core, is retracted by passing the barrier created by the spring due to the electromagnetic field powered by the coil. These locks are relatively inexpensive.

Platoon class locks

The cost of such locks varies from 200 to 600 rubles.

Locks are used to keep doors closed by springs, they are cocked during closing, and then unlocked with an electrical impulse. They do not need a constant supply of electricity.

What to look for when choosing?

1. When choosing an electric lock for the front door, you need to pay special attention to the functionality, methods of opening, closing, class of designs. For example, if the choice is on electromechanical, you should know which door the lock will be built into. This lock is right, left and it opens inward, outward.
2. The electromagnetic one is much more reliable, its opening method is remote, and it also has no rubbing parts.

Installation and setup

In order to properly install the electric lock, all points should be taken into account, and this is to make all measurements, without any errors, so that all available devices function normally. Be sure to tighten all available bolts tightly so that they do not unscrew when opening and closing. The next thing to do is to test the lock itself.

The location of the device may depend on the nature of the building. In the case of an intercom with an electromechanical lock, it is possible to use a structure with two or more panels that can be controlled from all rooms.

For the correct setting of the electric lock on the front door, you must first consult a specialist, because. Not every door can be locked. The price may depend on the type of lock and on the door itself. The requirements of the owner must be taken into account. In the case of a do-it-yourself installation, you can send a photo of the door, but again, be sure to consult with professionals. They will help you choose the right device, give all the necessary information to properly install the electric lock with your own hands.