It is important to properly arrange the rough ceiling. There are different coatings, which are different from each other. It all depends on what type of flooring is used in the building.

A few words about wooden floors

Floors in wooden house made from beams. That is why it is important to install a rough ceiling in these rooms. It allows you to form the surface of the ceiling. The finishing will then be done on top of it.

How to arrange a draft ceiling correctly

First of all, you should find out what you want to get. Costs depend on this.

To design a rough ceiling:

• A special material for vapor barrier is aimed at the beams from below.
• Then edged boards are placed on it.
• After this, the vapor barrier material is laid again.
• Next, if there is a second floor, make its floor. Edged boards are used for this.
• A decorative layer is made from the bars. It is placed below.

Good implementation of ceilings in a wooden house is not limited to their design in accordance with the chosen style. Nice ceiling is a complex multi-component system that retains heat and ensures natural air exchange in the room. Therefore, if you decide to make ceilings in a wooden house with your own hands, you need to approach their installation with close attention.

The structure of the ceiling in a wooden house can be divided into two components - the rough ceiling and the finishing one. The first serves for insulation and sound insulation, and the second has a decorative function. As a rule, both ceilings are separated as much as possible to eliminate influence on each other.

In general, the ceiling design is similar to layer cake, consisting of the following layers:

• finishing ceiling;
• rough filing;
• vapor barrier;
• thermal insulation (in most cases it also plays the role of sound insulation);
• waterproofing;
• flooring.

However, there are some differences in the implementation of ceilings, which depend on temperature regime in delimited areas. So, if the ceiling is made between two floors, which will be equally heated, then a vapor barrier is not needed; it will be enough to treat the rough ceiling with an antiseptic so as not to prevent rotting and mold. You can also not install thermal insulation, since there will be no temperature difference. It’s another matter if the ceiling borders an unheated attic or summer attic. In this case, the entire range of work is required.

Making a rough ceiling

It is not difficult to make a rough ceiling in a wooden house with your own hands. Essentially, this is a binder made of boards, OSB sheets or plywood.

As an example, let's consider making a rough frame from boards. For this you will need:

• edged or tongue-and-groove boards 25 mm thick (you should choose wood coniferous species);
• nails 70 mm long.

The progress of work is as follows:

• is selected required quantity boards that are cut to the required size;
• the board is fixed to each floor beam with at least two nails “in space”, i.e. the nail is driven in at an angle of approximately 45 degrees towards its edge;

• tongue and groove boards are attached to the beams with a groove from the wall;
• All wooden elements covered with antiseptic and fireproof impregnation.

Now, even if gaps appear between the boards in the future, this will not affect the thermal insulation, since the insulation serves the function of retaining heat in the house.

Ceiling insulation

You can insulate the ceiling in a wooden house with your own hands in two ways - from above and from below. This depends on the availability of flooring on the upper level. But first it is necessary to say a few words about the choice of insulation.

Any insulation must be lightweight, fireproof, not harmful to health, and have low thermal conductivity. Besides this, great value has soundproofing properties of the material. The whole variety of insulating materials can be divided into organic, inorganic, polymer and combined. Each type has its own characteristics, which may affect the further choice of thermal insulator.

Organic materials - sawdust, peat, straw and their cement mixtures. They are cheap and environmentally friendly, but are easily flammable and reduce their thermal insulation properties over time.

Polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam and polyurethane foam are the most widely used polymer insulation materials. These materials are also low cost, lightweight and quite durable. At the same time, they are destroyed by temperature changes, are fire hazardous and are often damaged by rodents.

Inorganic insulation materials include vermiculite, perlite and expanded clay. They are distinguished by relatively low thermal insulation qualities and high weight, so the use of these materials is appropriate where the ceiling is made of reinforced beams with continuous lining.

Also applies to inorganic insulation mineral wool, which, due to its high consumer properties, has received the greatest preference among specialists.

Ceiling insulation from above

If there is no flooring in the attic, then insulating the ceiling in a wooden house with your own hands is most conveniently done from its side. To do this, you need to perform the following sequence of work:

• vapor barrier is being installed. The film is laid out over the entire area of ​​the ceiling so that it fits snugly against the rough filing and beams. The overlap on the walls must be at least 10 cm. The vapor barrier is fixed using a stapler or slats;

• the selected insulation is laid flush with ceiling beams. If mineral wool is laid in several layers, then top layer should overlap the joints of the previous one. When laying polystyrene foam, a gap of 1 cm is left between the plates, which is then blown in polyurethane foam;
• On top, the insulation and beams are covered with waterproofing film or glassine.

Pay attention! If a chimney passes through the attic, then the spaces near it must be insulated with non-combustible material. For this purpose, a slab made from a mixture of clay (4 parts), sawdust (1 part), cement (0.3 parts) and water (2-2.5 parts) is suitable.

In the same way, the ceiling in a wooden house is insulated with your own hands (a video example is given below) with bulk materials: sawdust or expanded clay. The peculiarity of this option is that the thermal insulation layer must be well compacted. He shouldn't miss.

Insulation of the ceiling from inside the room

If it is not possible to carry out work from above, then you can insulate the ceiling in a wooden house with your own hands (photo shown below) from the side of the living room.

The insulation process has the following sequence:

• waterproofing is attached to the beams and flooring;
• nails are driven into the beams, onto which a string is pulled in a zigzag pattern;
• Insulation is placed in the space between the beams so that the threads hold the material. To do this, after laying several layers of thermal insulation, the nails are driven in completely with the heads recessed;
• vapor barrier is fixed.

Now the ceiling can be covered with plasterboard or other material.

The same insulation method can be used when repairing the ceiling in a wooden house with your own hands. To do this, you need to remove the damaged material from the ceiling. decorative coating, dismantle the rough ceiling and perform the sequence of work described above.

Ceiling finishing

The finishing can be done with any suitable material. Therefore, let's consider The most simple and common design techniques:

I. Application of drywall. The peculiarity of this finish is that the gypsum plasterboard ceiling does not tolerate deformations that occur due to the fact that the wood “breathes”. To avoid this, a two-tier frame is made. First, load-bearing profiles are mounted to the floor beams using special quick hangers, which provide a certain amount of play.

Next, the second tier of supporting profiles is attached to the first row. For this purpose, two-level CD connectors are used, which also ensure that the profiles are offset relative to each other. The second row of profiles is tied to the walls through a special damper tape.

Thus, a movable frame is obtained, the lower plane of which remains stationary, and the upper plane can move up and down by 3-4 mm.

Drywall sheets are attached to the frame and processed in the usual way.

II.Stretch ceilings can be installed immediately after the house is built. To use them, there is no need to wait for the building to shrink, since they are well adapted to compensate for the resulting deformations.

III. Slatted ceilings, lining or cards made of natural wood are attached to the rough ceiling using wooden sheathing with a step corresponding to the material used.

List possible options Finishing the ceiling can be continued, since there are no restrictions in the choice of materials used. The main thing is that the end result matches the intended style of the room.

The appearance of any room largely depends on how the ceiling looks. As for the private part, the quality of rough work is of great importance. Let's talk about this type of finishing work, such as a rough ceiling wooden beams.

Houses with wooden floors

The rough ceiling varies depending on the structure of the building. A rough ceiling is a ceiling erected during the construction of a house.

In a wooden private house, the rough floor has the following parameters:

• the basis of the floor is wooden beams;
• component of the ceiling surface is the structure draft ceiling;
• by using rough floor the ceiling surface is constructed, then the top is made finishing work.

Interior finishing work usually begins with the installation of the ceiling. Therefore, an important task is the question of how to hem the rough ceiling in a private house. You can sheathe the ceiling surface with plasterboard, or mount tension structure. Another option for ceiling cladding is OSB boards.

Materials for hemming the ceiling surface

Depending on what to cover the rough ceiling in a private house, it will depend general view premises. You can choose between the following materials:

• drywall The material is attached to the rough ceiling covering with adhesive or mounted to the frame. If the installation takes place in a room with high humidity, then you need to select moisture-resistant material;
• plastic panels. Panels are glued liquid nails on a timber structure;
• wood paneling. Ecological, safe material with a long service life. Wood slats mounted on a sheathing or to a solid base. For fastening, use self-tapping screws or nails with a missing head;
• MDF panels. The material can imitate wood, natural stones, plants. The panels are secured using special fasteners that press the slats to the base or sheathing;
• plywood sheets, which are pre-processed antiseptic solution. After installation, it is necessary to seal the seams, then paint;
• plastic siding. This material is used for cladding bathrooms, balconies, and terraces.

Which material to choose for covering the rough ceiling depends on the purpose of the room in which the work is carried out. renovation work, as well as from the budget.

Advantages and disadvantages of OSB

OSB boards (oriented strand board) for lining the rough ceiling, are made from pressed wood shavings(3-4 layers). The layers are held together using boric acid, synthetic wax and various resins. To make the sheets strong, in the middle layer the chips are located transversely, and in the outer layers - along the sheet.

The advantages of lining the rough ceiling with OSB are as follows:

• low cost;
• moisture resistant due to its structure;
• simple installation that you can handle yourself;
• long service life;
• the material is not afraid of insects;
• no preliminary preparation of the surface with putty is required;
• During installation, you can immediately insulate the structure.

There are few disadvantages, but they still exist:

• the adhesive base contains phenol, which is toxic to humans;
• slabs are easily deformed;
• susceptible to high temperatures;
• insufficient vapor permeability.

When the disadvantages and advantages are known finishing coating, you can figure out how to make a rough ceiling in a country cottage.

Cost of work

Prices for OSB installation on the ceiling are based on the type and amount of work performed. Soda may include the following preparatory work:

1. dismantling the old covering
2. marking;
3. calculation of the height of the ceiling covering;
4. laying insulation;
5. cladding with slabs.

The price of work on a rough ceiling is usually indicated in square meters. The table below shows approximate prices for Moscow and the region:

Type of work	Unit of measurement	Cost (RUB)
Removing putty and paint	m2	300
Removing plaster	-	300
Dismantling the sheathing	-	2000
Cutting OSB boards (18 mm)	-	1000
Antiseptic treatment	-	200
Installation of a rough ceiling (unplaned board)	-	200
Insulation with mineral wool	-	60
Steam and waterproofing	-	60
Installation of a frame under a metal profile or wooden beam	-	3500
OSB board fastening diagram	-	From 4500
Marking for installation OSB sheets	-	200-400
Installation of OSB board	-	600-3000

Specialists will help you complete necessary calculations, determine the required number of sheets OSB boards, will make accurate measurements of the room. Prices for construction and repair work vary from company to company, of course. It depends on the installation method finishing materials, on the area of ​​the ceiling covering, the thickness of the slabs.

After reviewing the average cost, you can make a choice - entrust the repair work to specialists or install the rough ceiling covering yourself.

Sequence of preparatory activities

The sheathing of the rough ceiling needs preliminary preparation, performed in the following sequence:

1. it is necessary to free the room from furniture, as far as possible, or cover it with covers;
2. disable lighting fixtures, insulate electrical wiring;
3. the old layer of plaster from the ceiling is completely knocked off;
4. the old slatted sheathing is dismantled, and along with it the insulation is removed;
5. wooden beams should be cleaned of accumulated debris and mold should be removed. It is advisable to treat the beams with an antiseptic solution after cleaning.

Before installing the rough ceiling covering, you need to check the condition electrical wiring. Ideal option- replace with a new one.

The working surface is prepared and you can begin the main stage of work.

Installation work

Check out how to install a rough ceiling on wooden beams in the video below. The workflow consists of the following steps:

• waterproofing is carried out. A membrane film is laid between the wooden beams. If visible gaps form between the film strips, they need to be sealed with tape;
• insulation (foam plastic or basalt wool) is placed between the beams. The insulation must be laid in such a way as to exclude the presence of cracks;
• A vapor-proof material is mounted on top of the insulation. For fastening to the film, staples are used;
• raw boards are fixed on wooden beams.

This type of installation work is carried out in a private house made of wood on wooden floors.

Installation on reinforced concrete slabs

If you need to install a rough covering on a reinforced concrete slab, then the following repair measures are carried out:

1. first, as for actions with wooden beams, the working surface is prepared. It is necessary to clean it from the previous coating - wallpaper, plaster, tiles;
2. the joints between the ceiling slabs are cleared and sealed with cement mortar;
3. All cracks are sealed with sealant. You can use polyurethane foam for this purpose;
4. The ceiling space must be covered with a primer layer.

The primer layer must dry completely, then you need to apply 2 more of the same layers. Each layer dries in about a day.

Concrete slabs are never perfect. Over time they can become deformed, so preparatory work is important.

The preparatory activities are completed, let's look at how to make a rough ceiling in a private house on a concrete slab:

1. beacons are installed (plastic dowels or self-tapping screws), using a level;
2. a layer of starting plaster is laid with a spatula;
3. A layer of liquid primer is applied on top.

Upon completion of the rough ceiling covering, you can (if necessary) begin painting the ceiling or laying tiles.

The process of installing a rough ceiling covering has its own subtleties, knowledge of which allows you to save materials and perform the job efficiently:

• when installing with boards, it is important to correctly calculate the dimensions of the elements so that as little waste as possible remains;
• if the length of the board is more than necessary, then the slats are not attached to the last beam; if less, they are cut to the length of the last beam. Please note that the slats can be secured with reverse side beams;
• wooden slats are considered the best option, because they are installed much faster than other materials;
• vapor barrier materials are laid taking into account how the room will be used. The material is laid along the entire perimeter of the ceiling surface. With the help of such a layer wooden ceiling will not rot or mold.

If it is not possible to install thermal insulation on concrete covering, then first a suspended frame structure is performed.

Ceiling decoration in a wooden house can be done in different ways. Large quantity options that are not available for an apartment will look very appropriate and harmonious in a private house. And this is due to the fact that the ceilings here are often higher than in apartments, and also due to the configuration of the roofs, they can have original shapes, which allows you to develop your own unusual design.

Independent work Ceiling cladding in a wooden house requires certain knowledge and skills. The specifics of the work will depend on the type of ceiling. Yes, hemmed beam ceiling consists of boards hemmed between beams, between which insulation is laid, and covered with boards or plywood on top. The continuous sloping ceiling is made of logs. This design requires preliminary production of the sheathing.

Wood finishing

The best option for wooden house, because this material environmentally friendly, which allows you to maintain a favorable microclimate in the room. Wooden cladding between beams can be made of several types - from budget lining to noble, expensive solid wood. Alternatively, you can use a combination of materials, then the ceiling will be original and unique.

Ceilings in a wooden house are also trimmed with plywood. But no less popular is finishing from lumber - beech, oak, cherry, beech, ash, maple, birch, alder. Coniferous species include spruce, cedar, pine, larch, cedar, and fir. They differ in texture, shade, pattern. When choosing lumber, it is important to consider the humidity level; no more than 16% is allowed.

Lining

Lining is a processed in a special way board with tongue and groove to simplify installation. Eurolining, unlike conventional lining, has more high quality and lock design. The peculiarity of the lining is durability, strength, and good sound insulation. Due to its naturalness, the ceiling surface always “breathes,” and the attractive price of such material makes it accessible to everyone.

Design options may be as follows:

• clapboard cladding in one direction is best used for small rooms; in a large room it will look boring and monotonous;
• if the lining is laid between the beams, its shade and direction of cladding can be changed, thus dividing the space into zones;

• The continuous surface of the lining ceiling can be decorated with carvings or paintings. This solution looks very elegant and resembles colorful old houses.

Plywood

Although plywood is not often used to decorate the ceiling, it can be used to create interesting design, having decorated the house effectively without extra costs. Plywood is distinguished by the number of glued layers and by such indicators as:

• grade – construction plywood of one of 5 grades is used for cladding;
• moisture resistance - this parameter is especially important during the period when the house is not heated. Coating plywood with laminate increases moisture resistance;
• type of wood - for the top layer of plywood, maple, birch, and alder are most often used, and the middle layers are most often made from coniferous trees;
• processing method – for country house Untreated plywood is quite suitable; for a cottage it is better to use plywood sanded on one side. Double-sided sanding is not necessary;
• appearance – the decorative component of plywood can be made of asbestos paper, plastic, decorated with a pattern or imitation of wood.

To cover the ceiling with plywood, you must immediately construct a sheathing of wooden beams or aluminum profile. You can fasten the plywood to the beams using self-tapping screws or nails, and then seal the joints with decorative strips or putty.

Plywood is a practical and inexpensive material that is perfect for cladding the ceiling in a private home. Using plywood you can create custom design any room or attic.

Veneered panels

Veneered panels are the same wood planks, only covered with veneer to create a decorative effect. After all, veneer copes quite successfully with imitation of any type of wood, and here it’s all a matter of your taste. The price of the panels is slightly higher than the cost of the lining, but the cladding options are much more varied.

A significant advantage of the material is ease of installation. Every owner can install veneer panels, even without the appropriate skills and experience. Simple installation is carried out by interlocking the panels. Thus, to make a ceiling, you will need a minimum of tools and time.

Wood massif

Perhaps the most prestigious type of wood finishing is natural wood in the form of practical panels. Main properties of the material:

• strength and durability;
• high quality - depends directly on the type of wood itself;
• luxurious appearance;
• lightweight and quick installation, which you can do yourself, thanks to special built-in locks.

Such panels are made from hardwood trees that meet certain characteristics.

Plaster

Finishing the ceiling of a wooden house with plaster was previously very popular. Although today it is often found in modern cottages, it is still slowly becoming a thing of the past, because the range of materials has become much wider.

The plaster is applied to a mesh of shingles, previously stuffed between the beams. The durability and strength of the coating is ensured by reliable adhesion of the mortar to the shingles and relief mesh. It is impossible to plaster the ceiling yourself without certain skills and knowledge. This is quite labor intensive and complex process, requiring the hand of a professional.

Advantages of plaster:

• attractiveness, rich colors and the ability to create a variety of relief on the surface;
• practicality and durability;
• affordable price of both the material itself and plastering services. Do-it-yourself work will also not require large financial outlays.

The only inconvenience of such finishing in a wooden house is the need for thermal insulation of the walls, which is carried out from inside the room. Thermal insulation boards are good basis for further installation of reinforcing mesh. However, this technology hides valuable area, which is very undesirable if it is already not very large.

Drywall

Plasterboard panels – universal material for finishing any surfaces. Using drywall you can create individual project with amazing design. Possible option two-level ceiling and other intricate designs.

Drywall is mounted on wooden or metal frame, can later be painted, pasted over ceiling tiles or wallpaper. It is also possible to install false beams on the slabs and mount spotlights. Gypsum stucco looks impressive and goes well with the plasterboard surface.

Stretch ceiling

It is quite suitable for installation in wooden houses. The only thing here that needs to be taken into account is that the tension fabric is not installed immediately after the house is built, but at least after a couple of years, since every house shrinks. The fabric is stretched under the beams, due to which the height of the room may decrease. Stretch ceilings go well with plasterboard in multi-level structures, and a real professional can create a truly magnificent design, and your interior will become unique.

Plastic panels

Covering the ceiling with plastic panels in a wooden house is quite simple. Smooth surface rough ceiling allows you to mount plastic panels without additional sheathing. Otherwise, you will need a sheathing, for example, made of wooden beams or a metal profile.

Important! Lack of everyone artificial materials The problem is that they do not allow air to pass through, which is why mold may appear under the panels. Therefore it is best to use natural materials for a wooden house.

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A complete rough ceiling is a reliable foundation on which the finishing is subsequently formed. In brick and concrete houses such a basis is the floor slabs, in wooden buildings the boundaries between floors are formed by beams sheathed with a “pie” of insulating materials. If you have a set of tools and basic experience in handling wood, putty, and primer, all work can be done on your own.

In order to correctly file a rough ceiling, it is important to understand what exactly it consists of. interfloor covering. Each layer plays its own role:

1. A plank floor is a finishing or intermediate finishing option for a room located above (using the example of a two-story wooden building).
2. Vapor barrier. Necessary to protect floors from excessive circulation of moist air.
3. The insulation eliminates cold penetration points from unheated areas.
4. Waterproofing prevents the destruction of wood due to harmful contact with moisture.
5. The rough ceiling on wooden beams completes the installation of the ceiling and serves as a support for all intermediate fillers.

Typically, finishing comes down to installing layers of plasterboard assembled on metal sheathing. This is one of budget solutions, in demand among owners of country houses.

Review of materials and tools

To file a rough ceiling, you will need boards 25 mm thick; they are fixed with nails or screws 45-55 mm long. There are no strict requirements for appearance material, since it will be hidden under a layer of finishing cladding. It is important that the raw material as a whole is strong and smooth.

As an alternative, you can use plywood; it is attached to a frame made of bars and slats. It is more convenient to work with the board because it does not require preliminary assembly of the sheathing.

Minimum set of tools:

• hammer,
• stapler,
• jigsaw,
• screwdriver

An economical method of insulation is the use of sawdust and mineral wool in a 1:1 ratio. First, sawdust is poured in and covered with mineral wool.

Installation of a rough ceiling made of boards

The work comes down to performing two tasks:

1. It is necessary to sheathe the logs with boards. The material is fixed using screws or nails; the quality of the final result is identical in both cases.
2. The wood is covered with layers of heat and waterproofing.

When preparing raw materials, it is important to clearly check the dimensions of the boards. If you are careless about adjusting the dimensions, cracks and gaps may form in the ceiling. The better this stage is completed, the more reliable and durable the finished structure will be.

The option with boards nailed to the underside of the joists is distinguished by its rationality and ease of execution; it requires minimum costs time and resources. But such a solution also has weak side– the ceiling will hide the beams; when there is a need for quick access to them, such manipulations will be difficult to carry out.

Therefore, a more complicated solution is practiced when the boards do not cover the beams:

• the first step is to fix the cranial bars on the logs;
• boards are mounted on top;
• layers of steam and thermal insulation materials can be placed both under and above the boards.

This option is very popular in conditions where beams act as central decorative elements, they are left in sight after finishing the floor. The result is a textured interior in the style of Provence or a mountain house, stylish and practical at the same time.

How to make a rough ceiling from plywood?

The key component here is the sheathing - a frame made of guides, that is wooden beams and slats. When laying out plywood, you need to carefully ensure that the sheets do not form gaps and fit as closely as possible to each other.

Installation sequence:

1. The logs are lined with a vapor barrier membrane.
2. Next, assemble the sheathing and fix the plywood on it.
3. During installation of the rough cladding, the frame cells are filled with thermal insulation material.

After assembling the rough ceiling using wooden beams, you can begin finishing. It is important to use heat and waterproofing measures here.

Rough ceiling on concrete slabs

It is rare to find perfectly straight floor slabs; distortions are especially typical for buildings commissioned 20-30 years ago. Over time concrete structures sag, deform, if several sections were used to construct the ceiling, you can notice the differences in height with the naked eye. A rough ceiling in a private house of this type allows you to achieve a uniform surface adapted for finishing.

Preparatory measures must be taken:

• remove the remnants of the old finish, if present, clean the surface of wallpaper, plaster, paint. Special attention you need to pay attention to the seams between the walls and ceiling tiles; after preparation, they are smoothed with cement mortar;
• the gaps between the panels are filled with polyurethane foam and sealant;
• Ceiling tiles are primed evenly; to improve quality, 2-3 layers can be applied, successively allowing them to dry.

After 24 hours, you can proceed directly to the rough ceiling:

• Self-tapping screws and plastic dowels can be used as beacons. The accuracy of setting landmarks is controlled using a building level;
• To apply the starting layer of putty, a wide spatula is also convenient. It is customary to select a working tool in accordance with the initial curvature of the base surface;
• A liquid primer is applied to the dried layer.

Specifics of assembling hydro-, heat- and vapor barriers

In the construction of a draft ceiling, materials are used that have the following characteristics:

• low thermal conductivity,
• low dead weight,
• fire safety,
• high levels of noise insulation.

Insulation materials can be polymer, organic, combined, or inorganic. The former are attractive due to their high strength and relative lightness; they are sold in the budget price segment.

Polymer substances - polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, expanded polystyrene - cannot withstand temperature fluctuations, they are a fire hazard.

Organic insulation materials, such as straw and sawdust, peat, are affordable and environmentally friendly. But there are also disadvantages - rapid ignition, gradual decrease in thermal insulation performance.

Inorganic variations can only be used in floors with reinforced wooden beams and continuous lining. This category includes perlite, mineral wool, expanded clay, and vermiculite. Mineral wool is most convenient to use - it is not as heavy as other representatives of the segment and exhibits optimal consumer properties.

Insulation is carried out from above or below, depending on whether the upper level is supplemented with flooring.

Installation sequence if flooring is not provided:

1. Laying vapor barrier in the form of a special membrane film. The material is spread on the ceiling, tightly fixed with a construction stapler. The membrane should ideally follow the contours of the beams and rough filing.
2. The insulation is laid out so that the final surface is level with the level of the beams.
3. A waterproofing film is spread on top.

If there is flooring, insulating the ceiling from above becomes impossible; in such conditions, work is carried out directly in the living room:

1. Beams and flooring are covered with waterproofing.
2. Nails are driven into the beams to stretch the string in a zigzag pattern - this is the basis for layers of insulation, placed so that the rope holds them.
3. Next, the vapor barrier is fixed.

After completing the formation of the draft ceiling, proceed to finishing. Materials are selected in accordance with the priority style of residential premises, usually plasterboard, plastic panels, lining or slatted structures, stretch fabrics. A separate niche is occupied by interiors in which the beams remain open, in which case the wood is thoroughly impregnated protective compounds that need regular updating.