Yucca is a truly unique plant. It not only brings beauty and freshness to the home, but is also a highly versatile plant. In addition to the listed, rather standard properties, yucca can be used both for food and in technical production.

In leaving, she is very unpretentious, but you still have to make an effort to get a decent result. The yucca itself comes from North America, few people know about the fact that the first jeans contained the fibers of this amazing plant.

Yucca will easily fit into the interior of any home and you yourself will be amazed at how harmoniously she can do it.

You will learn more about how to choose a suitable variety, take care of it and much more.

Description of Yucca

Yucca (lat.Yucca)- perennial tree-like plants native to the subtropical zone of North America; belongs to the agave family and has up to forty species. In the homeland of Yucca, it is used in different areas... Cut yucca flowers produce juice with a high sugar content.

• Very strong fibers are obtained from filamentous yucca, from which the first jeans were made, even before the use of cotton.
• Although in the United States to this day, yucca fibers are added to jeans, which makes them more durable and resistant to wear and tear.
• In addition, paper and rope ropes are made from yucca fibers, and in addition, it is used in medicinal purposes.

Yucca- these are evergreens with a low stem, which either does not branch at all, or branches slightly. In some species, the stem is practically invisible, and large beautiful leaves rise above the ground, arranged in a spiral.

Inflorescences are erect, large, up to 2 m long, emerge from the center of the rosette of leaves and look like panicles. The drooping flowers (up to 7 cm long) are bell-shaped, white in color. The 10-centimeter fruit is a box with black seeds (up to 1 cm in diameter).

V indoor conditions yucca is best placed in spacious rooms or hallways, as it grows up to 4 m in height. Outwardly, yucca looks like a false palm tree.

Homemade yucca will bloom with white flowers similar to bells, but this will not happen soon, because flowering is possible only in adult specimens.

Indoor yucca is very often used for interior decoration, and specimens with several points of growth - in which the trunk branches, are of particular value.

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Types of Yucca Home

Yucca is indoor.

Indoor yucca is grown as ornamental plant it can also be used for medicinal purposes. The plant is like a palm tree, its height can be up to 4 m, so it is suitable for placement in large halls.

• Planting this type of yucca requires a deep pot with good drainage.
• In summer, yucca is taken out into the open air; in winter, it is kept in a room with a cool air temperature and sufficiently bright lighting.
• Indoor yucca will bloom with white flowers after many years.
• It has green, slightly bluish, xiphoid, linear leaves, collected in a bunch at the top of the trunk.

The incredibly beautiful decorative yucca adorns the flowerbed with its sharp evergreen sword-shaped leaves, and at the time of flowering attracts with a high peduncle with large white bells.

It is grown without much difficulty in pots, where it looks very impressive. Young specimens of three years of age are placed in pots with a volume of three liters; for an older representative of the agave genus, a ten-liter container is suitable.

Aloe leaf yucca.

It is the most popular yucca among hobby growers. Its main difference from other species is that it has no side shoots.

On its tree-like trunk, covered with notches left over from fallen leaves, grow rather tough, green leaves with a bluish tinge, collected in the form of two or three sparse rosettes.

They are very sharp, you can even cut yourself on them, so it is better not to keep such plants in places where people move. Choosing this type, you must observe correct mode watering, and then it will be possible to grow a healthy and beautiful tree.

Yucca is filamentous.

The inhabitant of the east of North America takes root well at home, because it is resistant to pests, it tolerates heat and drought well.

It is a stemless plant with bluish-green leaves with a pointed top, with edges covered with numerous white, thin, curling threads.

A flower panicle grows about 200 cm in height, which is made up of yellowish-white drooping flowers. The fruit is round. The plant grows quickly and loves to shoot (stolons). In the conditions of the botanical garden, breeders managed to obtain several varieties of this species.

Yucca is elephant.

This is the most interesting view, its height reaches 10 m. Amazing plant, the care of which consists in following some simple rules, is widely used in industry and medicine.

Ropes are made of strong fibers, and the juice of the leaves of the plant is used as a basis for some hormonal drugs.

The native places of growth of this houseplant are Mexico and Guatemala. The imported stems are cut into fragments, planted in flower pots, they can be bought at any flower shop.

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The soil

This plant needs soil, the acidity of which ranges from 5.7-7.4 pH. Many trace elements are difficult for yucca to absorb from alkaline soils. There are two recipes for soil for this representative of palm trees.

To prepare the first mixture, you need to mix one part of the compost, sand (perlite), turf, humus. To prepare the substrate according to the second recipe, it is necessary to mix one part of pebbles or crushed dolomite (fraction 1.2 cm), pine bark (2 cm), coarse peat, large perlite, charcoal(1 cm), pumice, as well as 0.1 parts of bone meal.

This composition provides very good water drainage and prevents soil salinization. As a top dressing for yucca, it is better to use slowly dissolving granular fertilizers. It is better to bring them in once a year in the spring.

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Lighting

Yucca requires a lot of light and sun. The most successful place for her is the windows of the south, south-east and south-west orientation.

• Good illumination is especially important for young plants in order to ensure their correct formation. Wherein young plants are more sensitive to sun exposure than adults, therefore, in the hottest time, they need to be shaded or moved away from the window.
• Lack of light has a detrimental effect on the plant. Shoots are ugly stretched and bent. The leaves become thinner, turn pale, begin to turn yellow and fall off. The plant is weakened and pests can appear on it, for example, mealybug or spider mite.

Yucca needs enough light in winter too, therefore, during this period, it is advisable to organize additional artificial lighting for the plant, bringing daylight hours to 16 hours a day.

Temperature

During the growing season (from March to September), a comfortable temperature for yucca is 20-24 degrees. In hotter conditions, increased air humidity is required (spraying, placing on a pallet with wet expanded clay). The higher the air temperature, the higher its humidity should be..

• The problem when caring for yucca at home is the need in the winter period (from October to February) to provide the plant with coolness, a temperature of 8-10 degrees Celsius.
• It is good if the house has a suitable room, for example, a heated loggia, where you can place the yucca at this time.
• If not, then place the pot on the windowsill, moving it closer to the glass, and periodically open the window, and if the design of the windows allows, open the sashes for winter ventilation.

At the same time, it must be remembered that sudden changes in temperature and drafts are painful for yucca and sometimes dies from this.

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How to water a yucca?

The answer to this question is given by the yucca itself. The size and age of the plant, the type of pot and soil, and the season all affect the frequency and amount of watering.

On average, you need to water the flower once a week. Leaves and soil are indicators of watering. Arched leaves bent downward indicate that watering is not yet required for the plant.

The leaves begin to curl into a tube around the center line, and the ground becomes dry by 5-7 cm - the yucca needs to be watered. Timely watering can be plentiful, but the water must be completely absorbed and not drain into the sump.

• If the air in the room is dry in winter or the plant is taken out into the open air in summer, then it can be sprayed about every other day.
• The flower drinks water with leaves and drops of moisture imitate dew and natural habitat for it. In any case, delicate leaves should occasionally be gently wiped clean, removing dust.
• Water the plant only with settled water at room temperature.

Avoid excess moisture in the soil. Excessive soil moisture can lead to disease in the form of grayish-brown spots on the leaves. The diseased leaves will have to be removed, and the flower itself should be sprayed with a fungicide.

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Air humidity

Yucca does not require spraying the leaves, but sometimes it is necessary to arrange washing so that the plant does not become dusty and does not lose its attractiveness. In summer, rain showers are sufficient in the open air. If in winter the yucca is kept in a room with central heating, then spraying is advisable to be carried out at least once a day.

• Spraying yucca in the sun can cause sunburn spots on its leaves.
• For better decorativeness, the plant should be washed from time to time under the shower or under running water, making sure that water does not fall on the substrate (for example, close the pot with plastic).
• The most common types of yucca in indoor floriculture- Yucca elephantipes and Yucca aloifolia - do not require spraying.
• Yucca doesn't need too much water. V summer period you can water the yucca only once a week.

In winter, the number of waterings can be reduced to once every 10 days. In general, the basic rules for watering are as follows: From spring to autumn, the soil is constantly kept in a moderately moist state, it is better to dry the plant a little than to pour it over.

In winter, the soil should be moistened from time to time, depending on the temperature. The frequency of watering yucca depends on many factors: the size and material of the pot, the size of the plant, the characteristics of the substrate, temperature and humidity.

In the warm season, yucca is watered abundantly - but only after the topsoil has dried to a depth of about 5 cm. In hot summer, yucca is watered more often; but do not forget that the soil in the pot should dry out between waterings. Yucca should be kept in a nutritional formula at home. In this case, a thick layer of drainage should be poured onto the bottom of the pot.

Top dressing

Top dressing: once every 2-3 weeks in spring and summer, with an interval of two to three weeks with a diluted solution of mineral fertilizers. This plant responds well to feeding with infusion of mullein, horse manure, leaf humus. top scores give foliar dressing (the leaves are sprayed with a solution of mineral fertilizer from the bottom side).

• You cannot feed the plant immediately after transplanting, as well as if the yucca is sick.
• In general, it should be borne in mind that feeding is required only from May to September, that is, during the period rapid growth plants.

But in winter, the plant should not only be left alone, but also taken to a cooler room. Optimum temperature for plant wintering it will be 10 ° C.

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YUKKA TRANSFER

A houseplant is transplanted once every two years. When the plant has more than one trunk, it should be seated. And they perform this manipulation in this way:

1. The trunk is divided into several parts along with the root.
2. All places of cuts are sprinkled with crushed activated carbon or covered with garden varnish.
3. Each sprout resulting from dividing is planted in a separate pot.

You can transplant indoor yucca at any time of the year. But the best time will be spring. The plant must be prepared for transplantation. To begin with, cut off a third of the leafy cover, and immerse the root for a couple of hours in warm water.

It is imperative to ensure that the root system is not damaged during transplantation. Yucca loves vitamin supplements, they are applied directly to the new soil.

Important. If you follow all the rules of care and planting, a luxurious beauty grows from a small yucca, which will become the most beautiful decoration housing.

AFTER THE PURCHASE

When buying a plant, it is transplanted within two days. A new yucca pot is chosen a few centimeters more than the old one.

• The best plant pots are earthenware or ceramic pots due to their natural origin and a suitably sized drainage hole.
• Although containers made of plastic are also successfully used, having previously made an additional hole in them to drain excess water.
• This type of container is more affordable, and in use it is not worse than clay.
• When the pot is selected, start planting.
• Drainage is poured at the bottom of the tank, in the form of fine gravel or red brick broken into pieces.
• Then the prepared soil is poured over the drainage.
• It is purchased in a specialized store or prepared with your own hands. The main thing is that sand is present.

From the old pot, carefully remove the yucca. The earthy lump present at the root cannot be removed. The plant is put in new pot and fall asleep on the sides with a substrate, compacting it with a spatula. Planted plant, watered abundantly with water.

Next, a pot of yucca is transferred to a dark place. And they respect temperature regime+ 25 ° C. Throughout the week, the yucca is sprayed three times a day with water. After a week of adaptation, a sunny corner in the room is chosen for the flower, and it is rearranged already on permanent place residence.

For compliance with all the conditions, the yucca will thank the owner with luxurious beauty. And it will delight you for many years.

POT SIZE

Each time it is time to transplant a yucca, one rule should be followed when choosing a pot. The old container fits freely in the new container. And in order not to miscalculate with the size, the ideal distance between pots in diameter is no more than three centimeters.

Yucca grows slowly. And if you choose a larger pot, then the growth of the plant will stop for a long period until the root system is compacted. And first of all, the crown will suffer. After all, the root will take all the nutrients for itself for growth.

YUKKA TRANSFER IN AUTUMN

As described above, indoor yucca can be transplanted at any time of the year. But it is better not to transplant in the fall, but to give the plant an opportunity to prepare for the rest period.

After all, planting in a new pot will not give a full sleep to the yucca, but will force you to give up all your strength for rooting in a new place of residence. This will lead to flower disease.

Yucca transplant, they have been engaged since February. The main thing is to adhere to strict rules so that the yucca will please with its beauty, and not with diseases.

As for garden plants. Such specimens are planted only in the spring in order to take root well and get used to new conditions.

Yucca should not be planted in autumn. By frost, it will not have time to grow a root, and may die in frost. And even good insulation won't save her. The main thing for yucca is to observe the period of its unhurried adaptation to new conditions.

TRANSLATION OF GARDEN YUKKA

Garden yucca, after acquisition, is immediately planted in a flower bed. The site is chosen with good lighting and protected from drafts. Planted early in the morning or in the evening, after sunset.

Dig a hole 60 cm deep and 80 cm wide for a young plant. The deepening is made more by 10 cm if the plant is adult. Soil for planting, prepared in advance, this will require:

• fine gravel;
• sand;
• compost;
• black soil.

All components are mixed in equal parts and moistened. Part of the substrate is poured into a prepared hole, where the yucca is laid and the rest of the soil is poured out from above, compacting with a shovel. Further, a small hole is made around the plant. Warm water is poured into it. In the first week after planting, the plant is sprayed daily.

Basically, garden yucca does not bloom in our latitudes. But sometimes there are exceptions. In the first year, the plant will not give flowers, this period, the yucca gets used to new conditions. The plant becomes ready for flowering in the third year.

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Yucca care in winter

Yucca care in winter is significantly different from summer care. Yucca belongs to light-loving plants and in winter time, in low light, it can lose the lower leaves.

So in winter, you need to choose the most illuminated place in the apartment for her. Yucca care in winter is significantly different from summer care.

• It is necessary to water the plant only when adding the top layer of soil in the pot, but it should be remembered that the yucca does not like excessive watering.
• The presence of excess moisture in the pot is completely detrimental to its root system.
• Often, over-watering leads to rotting of the root system and the death of the entire plant.
• Watering should be done only around the circumference of the pot, just as when watering, avoid getting water into the outlet and between the trunks of the plant, as this can also lead to decay of the trunks.

In winter, yucca does not need additional spraying and dry air is not detrimental to it, although spraying itself does not harm the plant.

But it is extremely undesirable to spray the plant in direct sunlight, this can lead to burns on the leaves of the plant, and when spraying, it is necessary to ensure that water does not get inside the plant outlet, this can lead to its decay and death.

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Breeding methods

Why is the yucca flower propagated? Often in order to acquire a new specimen of this beautiful plant or give it to someone.

You can also propagate elephant yucca, for example, with the aim of planting several plants. different sizes in one pot so that they create a very effective composition in the form of several tiers of lush greenery.

It should be remembered that the soil for a young yucca rooted in one of the ways described below can be made independently from: leaf earth (2 parts); turf land(2 parts); humus (1 part); sand (2 parts). You can also buy ready soil in the shop.

It is important to provide the plant with good drainage at the bottom of the growing container, and also remember to add up to 30% coarse sand to the substrate. Experienced florists it is recommended to propagate yucca by one of the following methods: by offspring; rooting of the apex; stem cuttings; seeds; air layering.

Reproduction by offspring

With proper care, yucca can have babies in the first year of life. It is even useful to separate the root or stem processes from the false palm - for normal growth and development, you need to ensure that there are no more than five processes on the plant at a time.

The process of rooting children is as follows: it is advisable to sprinkle cuts on the parent tree and on the offspring with crushed charcoal; the separated offspring must be planted in containers with wet clean sand, as well as watered and covered with a glass jar or plastic bag; it will not hurt to provide young plants with good humidity and a temperature of at least 20 ° C.

It is very important to ventilate the greenhouse every day and water the plant as needed; the formation of roots will occur in a period of approximately two months; When the yucca is rooted, you need to transplant it into a permanent pot with good soil and pieces of charcoal in it.

Reproduction by rooting apex

Yucca is not very fond of branching and therefore grows most often with one trunk. An adult plant that is well rooted and at least 30 cm tall can be forced to branch. To do this, follow these steps.

In the spring or at the very beginning of summer, it is necessary to cut off the top of the yucca with a length of 5 to 10 cm with a sharp and clean knife or blade. It is best for the plant to do this during the growth of the moon. It is important to leave as many leaves as possible on the trunk of the yucca that continues to grow in the pot.

All sections must be sprinkled with charcoal powder. The apical stalk should be held in the air for two hours so that the cut dries up a little. Then you need to plant the cutting in wet sand or place it in cool boiled water.

• To prevent the stalk from rotting, you can add a little charcoal to the water.
• If the lower leaves of the cuttings are rotten, an unpleasant odor will spread.
• These leaves must be removed and the water must be replaced with fresh water.
• It is very important that the stem of the cutting does not start to rot, therefore, when rooting in the ground, you need to water it very sparingly.

When the roots grow from the cutting, you can plant it for permanent residence. A plant with a cut off top will grow new shoots from the awakened buds. Useful information about croton flower reproduction will help make this process fun and effective. Unpretentious fern can be propagated vegetatively and by spores.

Propagation by stem cuttings

Yucca can be propagated by cuttings taken from a portion of the trunk cut from a healthy plant with a bare stem. Next, you need to perform the following manipulations: The yucca trunk section must be placed horizontally on the surface of wet sand or loose soil in a pot.

The stalk does not need to be sprinkled with earth, you should only slightly press it into the ground. After a while, the dormant buds of the trunk are activated and release new shoots, simultaneously growing roots. Next, the trunk must be removed from the sand, divided into parts with a sharp and clean knife according to the number of shoots and sprinkled with crushed charcoal.

For a while, you need to leave the shoots in the air to dry them a little. Then each shoot must be planted in a separate container with soil. You can also purchase a piece of yucca stem from a flower shop.

To determine the top and bottom, as a rule, the top of the cutting is filled with wax, which must be removed after planting.

Rooting

• Such cuttings root very easily and quickly as follows: first, a piece of the stem should be placed with its lower end in a growth stimulant solution for two or three days, "Heteroauxin" is perfect for this;
• then you need to plant the stalk with its lower end in the ground, lowering it to a depth of 3 to 5 cm;
• the soil in a pot with rooting yucca should always be moist, but not wet; after the appearance of the first leaves, watering should be reduced; then the yucca should be watered as the earthen coma dries.

If the stalk purchased from the flower shop is not marked with wax, it must be rooted according to the scheme described above, placing it horizontally on the ground, and then dividing the resulting shoots.

Seed propagation

In indoor conditions, yucca, as a rule, does not bloom. For the formation of flower buds, the plant needs a long cold winter outside. However, if the grower is still lucky enough to get seeds from flowering plant or purchased from a flower shop, you can grow yucca from them according to the following scheme.

• It is very important to make sure the seeds are fresh.
• You need to soak them in warm water for a day.
• Next, you need to prepare the substrate from the following components: 1 part of leafy earth; 1 part of sod land; 1 part coarse sand.
• The container with seedlings must be covered with glass or a plastic bag to create optimal conditions for germination - moisture and warmth.
• Every day you need to ventilate the seedlings and wipe the glass with a dry cloth. A month after sowing, you can wait for the first shoots to appear.

Propagation by air layers

In the case of decay of the roots of an adult and tall room yucca, in the presence of healthy light and hard areas, it can grow new roots and propagate it in the following way:

• On the healthy part of the plant, 10 cm above the rotted part and at least 60 cm below the top, you need to remove the bark around the trunk with a strip 0.5 cm wide.
• The place of the cut and the area slightly higher must be overlaid with moist sphagnum moss and tied with polyethylene on top.
• It is necessary to regularly moisten the moss from the sprayer.
• After two or three weeks, new roots will appear above the bark cut.

For the next two weeks, you need to continue growing roots in the same conditions, constantly moisturizing the sphagnum. Next, you need to cut off the top of the yucca with new roots slightly below the place where the bark was removed.

Then you need to sprinkle the cut with charcoal, dry it a little and plant the cutting in a pot with fresh earth mixed with sand. As you can see, propagating yucca is not at all difficult and even exciting.

Caring flower growers who will not spare time and some effort can get a healthy and beautiful yucca and even create spectacular compositions with its help, pleasing to the eye and uplifting.

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Pruning and shaping a lush tree

The yucca is pruned before the start of active growth in late winter - early spring. It is worth remembering that after this procedure, the stem of the plant stops growing. Therefore, it will be advisable to trim the flower when its trunk is at least five centimeters thick.

• For this procedure, a sharp knife, previously disinfected in alcohol, is used. The cut is made as high as possible from the surface of the earth.
• In order not to damage the growth points, the crown with leaves must be cut off along the entire diameter of the trunk, without breaking off. The cut is treated with crushed activated carbon to avoid the problem of stem decay.
• The cut plant is placed in a well-lit place with the sun and systemic irrigation is provided. A leafless plant should be watered less often - 2 times a week.

After about 3-4 weeks, dormant buds near the cut will begin to wake up. There can be from 2 to 5 pieces. The flower will actively increase the thickness of new trunks.

On plants with a stem no thicker than five centimeters, it is recommended to leave two buds. If the trunk is thicker, five buds are left.

The cut off top can be rooted in a container with a damp substrate. Thus, you can get another plant.

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Diseases of room Yucca

Description of pests and diseases of palm

There are many insects that can damage a palm tree. For example, among them:

• thrips;
• caterpillars;
• spider mites;
• scabbards;
• aphids and the like.

The main mistake that can cause infection is over-watering. To reanimate a palm tree, it is enough to remove the cause provoking a decrease in natural protection, as well as urgently treat the plant with purchased insecticidal preparations. They are used strictly according to the instructions.

The names of the most common Yucca diseases:

• stem rot;
• botrytis mushroom;
• bacterial burn;
• brown spotting;
• gray spot;
• root rot.

Treating Yucca palm diseases can be tricky, so prevention efforts are best. It is often recommended to immediately destroy diseased plants without wasting time on their restoration. No problem is a sign proper care... At good conditions, the likelihood of disease occurrence is practically zero.

The trunk is rotting

Against the background of oversaturation with moisture, the lower part of the stem often rots. If the plant is affected by stem rot, then the entire stem becomes soft, covered with red ulcers. Treatment is impossible, usually the palm is destroyed.

White spots

Light spots can appear on foliage from too bright light.

• If white mycelium is visible on the stem or adjacent soil, it is a symptom of a fire blight.
• These are fluffy small formations of white color.
• Then they become tough and dark brown.

Correct agricultural technology is the only preventive method.

Why do the leaves turn yellow and dry?

It is noticed that the palm tree, as it grows, naturally gets rid of the foliage from below. This is manifested in the fact that the lower leaves turn yellow. This yellowness is normal. The fact is that there are also painful spots - they are initially yellow oval.

Then they are modified. After the yellow ones, brown spots can be seen on the Yucca and this indicates a brown spot. To cure the plant from brown spots, you need to use commercial products, but first you have to take care of it.

Many are interested in why the leaves turn yellow in winter. This comes from frequent watering, which the plant does not need at this time of the year.

• There is also a problem: the leaves of the Yucca palm dry only on the bottom of the plant. Apparently, she's going to dump them. In most cases, this is the norm.
• You need to think about why indoor Yucca dries if the leaves are higher, as well, as this may be a sign of a lack of lighting and a too hot climate.
• Dryness may occur along with yellowness. When dryness only covers the leaves at the tips, the moisture should be increased environment palm trees, as well as regulate care in general.

Falling foliage

It is only normal that the leaves fall at the very bottom. When a plant loses other foliage, it indicates an incorrect moisture regime. We advise you to revise the watering schedule, eliminate errors. If the roots have not died, then the plant will be able to return to life.

Lack of flowering

The palm tree usually does not bloom in apartment conditions, just like certain types animals refuse to give offspring in involuntary conditions. Flowering can be achieved by growing Yucca in ideal conditions, where everything is calculated to the smallest detail. All surrounding data should be as close to nature as possible. Then, perhaps, the palm tree will give the owner flowers - wonderful panicles with bells.

So let's summarize. Indoor Yucca loves temperatures from 8 to 20 degrees, grows comfortably in bright light and moderate watering. Prefers high air humidity and light soil equipped with drainage. We feed the palm tree in spring and summer, transplant overgrown specimens, propagate by cuttings of the stems. Flowering rarely occurs, so you can not count on this miracle at home. That's all we wanted to tell you about house palm, grow it for health, it is very aesthetic and looks exotic in the apartment.

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The chemical composition and medicinal properties of yucca

The chemical composition of yucca is as follows:

• • steroid saponins- have antifungal properties, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergenic effect, anti-edema effect, lowers blood cholesterol levels;
  • enzymes- take part in metabolism;
  • antioxidants- take part in the metabolism, neutralize harmful substances in organism;
  • slime- have an enveloping effect, a carry effect, they are used for gastritis, ulcers, and other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
  • anthraquinones- have anti-inflammatory, astringent and laxative effects on the body;
  • zinc- participates in the synthesis of proteins, enzymes, fats, increases the absorption of vitamin E in the body, regulates blood sugar levels, strengthens the bone tissue of the teeth, maintains skin health;

Vitamins

• selenium- has antioxidant properties, improves the absorption of vitamins E, C, protects nucleic acids from damage, is useful for muscles and blood vessels. Increases immunity, helps in the fight against viruses, in combination with iodine, ensures the normal functioning of the thyroid gland;
• vitamin A- participates in the synthesis of enzymes, sex hormones, rhodospin in the retina;
• vitamin C- enhances immunity, participates in the synthesis of collagen, cartilage tissue and has antioxidant properties.

A large amount of sapogenins and aglycones are found in yucca leaves. In addition, steroidal saponin was found in them in an amount of 1-2%; it is a stereoisomer of sarsapogenin.

Yucca flower extract contains zinc and selenium, steroid sapogenins, carbohydrates.

The root of the plant has many saponins, which stimulate the body's production of cortisone and is responsible for the plant's anti-inflammatory qualities. The root also contains folic acid, vitamin E, riboflavin, thiamine, niacin, pantothenic acid, vitamin K, calcium, potassium, magnesium, zinc, iron, copper.

Important! In indoor growing conditions, yucca blooms extremely rarely. Therefore, when it becomes very warm outside, it must be taken out into the fresh air. For five years of compliance with this condition, the plant will accumulate the necessary substances to bloom.

How to prepare and store medicinal raw materials from yucca

• Yucca flower possesses medicinal properties, therefore, different parts of it are harvested to be later used as raw materials for medicines.
• Yucca leaves have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties. They must be harvested before and during the flowering of the plant.
• Cut leaves are laid out thin layer on the surface, leaving to dry in the sun. Store them in a well-ventilated area.
• V industrial scale yucca harvesting is mechanized. The collected leaves are dried on currents, stored in well-ventilated rooms for up to 5 years.

Root

Yucca root has many nutrients, so it is also harvested. You need to use the root of an adult plant for the preparation of medicines. When digging up the roots, it must be remembered that they go 50-70 cm into the ground. You need to dig in them as deep as possible so that the root system of the yucca is not damaged.

Yucca blooms in the 3rd year of its life. This occurs between the end of June and August. At this time, you can collect the flowers of the plant for harvesting for raw materials for medicines. Dried yucca flowers are stored in a ventilated area.

Did you know? In order for the yucca to overwinter and survive, with the onset of cold weather, you need to tie its leaves into a bunch. With this technique, the top will not freeze, and the leaves will not break under wet snow. The roots of the plant go deep, so they are not afraid of either cold or heat.

The use of yucca in traditional medicine for diseases

The range of effects of yucca on the body is very wide. This plant is used for treatment a large number diseases: arthritis, gout, intestinal polyps, prostatitis, flatulence, low blood pressure, etc.

In folk medicine yucca is used to combat problems such as dry itchy skin, eczema, psoriasis, neurodermatitis, lichen planus. For viral rashes, yucca leaf juice is effective.

Important! People suffering from urolithiasis and cholelithiasis are contraindicated to take medications from yucca.

Inflammatory processes

Yucca is useful for inflammatory processes such as arthritis, arthrosis, gout, bursitis. For this, the following applies. recipe:

• crushed yucca roots - 1 tablespoon;
• water - 500 ml.

Pour the crushed roots with water and boil for 15 minutes. The broth should be infused for an hour, after which you should drink half a glass 3 times a day.

Eczema and psoriasis

For the treatment of psoriasis, eczema and neurodermatitis, yucca must be taken according to the following recipes:

• fresh yucca leaves - 50 grams;
• water - 3-4 liters.

The leaves are poured with water and brought to a boil. After cooling, the broth is applied in the form of lotions to the affected skin.

• Fresh yucca leaves - 10 grams;
• ghee lard - 100 grams.

Mix the melted bacon with the leaves, heat the mixture in a water bath for 5-6 hours. Filter through cheesecloth and pour into a jar. After cooling, the ointment is applied to the affected skin.

Gastrointestinal tract

Yucca for peptic ulcer disease has a good effect on the body. For treatment apply plant leaves - 10 grams; they are poured with water - 500 ml. The mixture is brought to a boil. This broth should be drunk 3 times a day.

This way you can cure peptic ulcer, gastritis, Crohn's disease, intestinal inflammation.

Diabetes

With the help of yucca, diabetes mellitus is treated. Preparations that contain extracts of this plant are sold at the pharmacy. You can also make a yucca decoction at home.

For yucca decoction with diabetes mellitus you will need plant root and stem... You can also use flowers as they contain zinc.

Raw materials in the amount of 50 grams are poured with 3-4 liters of water, boiled and allowed to cool the broth, and then taken orally.

Prostatitis

To get rid of prostatitis with yucca, you need to cook mixture, which includes:

• shredded yucca roots;
• burdock;
• aralia manchu;
• hydrangea.

Take 2 tablespoons of the mixture, pour them with water in an amount of 500 ml, bring to a boil, boil for 15 minutes. The broth is required to insist 1-1.5 hours and drink 3 times a day for half a glass. The treatment lasts a month.

Use in cosmetology

Extract from yucca extract, which has a healing, bactericidal effect... The plant's flower extract is rich in zinc, selenium, sapogenins, so it is added as an ingredient in some cosmetics for skin and hair care.

How yucca is used in industry

Yucca is used in light industry in the United States. Filamentous yucca is grown as an industrial plant for the production of strong fibers. These fibers are added to cotton in denim production. Yucca fibers make jeans more durable.

• Also, the fibers of this plant are used in the production of ropes for ropes, brushes, fishing tackle, burlap and in the production of paper.
• Yucca leaves contain steroid sapogenins, due to which the plant is used in the manufacture of hormonal corticosteroid drugs.
• There are diseases such as rheumatism, arthritis, and yucca, due to its pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, is used as a raw material in the latest preparations for the treatment of joints.
• Also included in the composition of drugs for the treatment of skin diseases - fungi, acne and other lesions.

Thus, yucca is used in industrial medicine.

Another industrial use of the plant is a natural red dye is extracted from the root.

Contraindications for use

Yucca contains substances that break down into simple compounds that can harm a person... One of these compounds is hydrocyanic acid, which with prolonged use of yucca in food can lead to myelopathy, parasthesia.

A single use of yucca roots in the amount of 400 grams gives a lethal dose of hydrocyanic acid for humans.

Possible by-effect yucca when it is taken and used:

• nausea;
• vomit;
• stomach upset;
• diarrhea.

Yucca- beautiful evergreen with a tree-like stem from the Agave family. The family includes a little more than fifty species of these palm-shaped plants, but the varieties popular with our flower growers include 5-6 decorative indoor options and several garden ones. Despite the fact that homemade yucca is very reminiscent of a miniature palm tree, it nevertheless does not belong to palm trees (as well as dracaena Marginata, which looks very similar to yucca). Lovers of indoor plants appreciate the yucca for its graceful trunk, on the top of which beautiful long leaves of a bluish or dark green color grow.

Depending on the type of "miniature tree", narrow leaves can be either drooping or erect, and the tree-like stem can have several growth points and branch beautifully. The shape of the trunk and the degree of branching can be adjusted by pruning the shoots annually. Caring for an unpretentious yucca at home does not cause difficulties even for novice flower growers, but it is important to strictly follow those few rules for growing this indoor plant, which we will discuss below. Photos of popular home types of yucca will help you choose the right option for decorating a room or office space. Interior designers often choose yucca to create a composition along with such popular flowers as the phalaenopsis orchid, home violets (Saintpaulias), gloxinia with bell flowers, decorative potted rose, European or Persian cyclamen.

Blooming yucca- a rather rare occurrence among similar indoor plants. Even if you organize the cultivation of this miniature tree at home according to all the rules, you will not be able to see yucca flowers very soon - usually flowering occurs no earlier than 5-7 years after planting the plant in the summer. Experienced growers stimulate the establishment of flower buds by organizing a cold dormant period in winter (12-14 ° C), when the plant reaches the required age. Yucca flowers are collected in panicle inflorescences and look like small white bells.

Some indoor plants resistant to dryness (for example, flowering Kalanchoe or home geranium pelargonium), which can be used to form interesting composition in the phytodesign of living quarters.

- photo of types of homemade yucca -

In addition to the above-mentioned elephant and aloe-leafy domestic yucca species, in our country, the cultivation of such varieties as Yucca whipplei with a crown of grayish-green leaves in the form of a thorny ball, Yucca glauca with drooping long leaves on a short stem is practiced , as well as Yucca southern (Yucca australis) with densely spaced dark green leaves and a branched trunk. Outdoors (in the garden or on personal plot) you can grow filamentous yucca (Yucca filamentosa) with dark green leaves that form a rosette with lateral suckers.

♦ WHAT IS IMPORTANT!

Location and lighting.

It is advisable to place the yucca pot in a sunny place, well lit during the day. The most favorable location for this home plant is window sills or floor stands near a window on the east or west side of the room. If the yucca is placed next to the south window, then be sure to shade the glass in summer and on sunny spring days so that it falls on the plant diffused light... During the autumn and winter period, yucca may lack natural light. Therefore, it is advisable to place fluorescent lamps next to the plant (at a distance of 50-60 cm) as additional lighting. If possible, place the pot with the plant on the balcony or next to the house in the summer, slightly shading from direct sunlight.

Temperature conditions.

The optimum temperature in autumn and winter is 10-14 ° C. Problems can begin with the onset heating season- at temperatures above 16 ° C (especially in low or insufficient lighting), the leaves stretch, become thinner, the turgor weakens. If possible, place a pot with a plant on a glazed balcony or install an air conditioner near the plant, and also ventilate the room more often. Comfortable temperature for homemade yucca in summer is 18-25 ° C.

Air humidity.

The best option is a moderate indoor humidity level (40-50%). But dry air will not harm the plant if you regularly spray the yucca with settled, boiled and warm water from a spray bottle. In the summer, you can wash the leaves of the plant under the shower several times so that water does not get into the substrate. In the heat, you can put a pot with a plant on a pallet with wet river sand or expanded clay, and place a wide container with water next to it to increase the humidity level.

Watering.

In summer, the yucca is watered abundantly after the topsoil (4-5 cm) is completely dry. It is important not to allow water to stagnate at the level of the earthen clod - immediately pour all excess water out of the pan. In the autumn-winter period, water the plant very rarely (once every 10-15 days). Yucca tolerates drought quite easily, but overflow can cause rotting of the root system, as well as damage to the plant by diseases and pests. Some budding growers use a special moisture indicator to determine the degree of drying of soil layers.

Dredge and top dressing.

You can make your own yucca soil mix yourself. If the plant is young (up to 4 years old), then mix turf soil, leafy soil, coarse sand and humus in a ratio of 2: 2: 2: 1. Mix for planting an adult plant: sod land, leafy earth, river sand in a ratio of 3: 2: 2.

For feeding, you can use diluted mineral fertilizers or prepared yourself (for example, an infusion of horse or cow manure with leaf humus). You can additionally spray the leaf plates from the underside with diluted mineral fertilizers. In spring and summer, top dressing is applied once every few weeks. It is not recommended to fertilize the soil in winter and autumn.

Transfer.

Homemade yucca is transplanted as needed (given that the plant grows very slowly) in the spring about once every two years, except in emergency cases, if the roots begin to rot badly. It is advisable to use the transfer method when transplanting into a ceramic pot in order to keep the earthen ball intact. Look closely at the root system of the yucca and remove any rotten roots if necessary.

Pruning.

With the help of pruning, you can significantly improve the appearance of the yucca, make a "lush palm" out of it, using the rudiments of new shoots for the growth of additional tops. It is desirable that the height of the plant is 60-70 cm, and the diameter is about 6 cm. The procedure is performed in March-April, watering abundantly a few days before. use only sterile pruning tools, thoroughly disinfect the sharp knife with alcohol. We choose the place of the cut, stepping back 7-8 cm from the lower leaves. We grab the leaves with our hand and sharply cut off the trunk in one motion. Then the place of the cut is sprinkled with crushed activated carbon. After a few weeks or earlier, apical buds (from 2 to 5 pieces) will appear in the upper part of the trimmed trunk. If the thickness of the trunk is less than 5 cm, then we leave 2 buds, and cut off the rest. And if the thickness is 6-8 cm, then we leave 4 buds, from which the tops with new leaves will grow.

Reproduction.

Yucca is propagated by seeds, stem segments and apical cuttings.

Cuttings. Usually done during pruning (to improve the decorative qualities of the plant). Cut off the top with a sharp knife and sprinkle the cut with crushed activated carbon. Within a few hours, the cut site will dry out and you can plant the cutting in clean, wet sand. After 2-3 weeks, roots will appear and you can transplant the sprout into the prepared substrate.

Trunk sections. In the summer, cut (or saw off) several pieces (20-30 cm) from the trunk. Sprinkle the places of the cuts with chopped charcoal, and cover the places of the cuts on the parent plant with garden pitch. Pour a mixture of peat and pure river sand into the container, moisten and plant parts of the trunk in the mixture (with the cut point in the substrate). We close the container with foil and maintain the temperature regime - 20-25 ° C. The substrate must be regularly moistened. After a month or more, roots will appear.

Seeds. We sow into a mixture of leafy earth, sod land and sand in equal parts. Cover with a glass container. The soil mixture must be regularly moistened and aired daily. After about a month, sprouts will appear. A few months after the emergence of sprouts, we dive the seedlings into pots with prepared soil mixture.

♦ ANSWERS TO FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS OF BEGINNERS FLOWER GROWERS:

Question: What to do if the leaves curl and become too soft, lose their tone?
Answer: Usually this problem appears due to too low temperature. In this case, you can put the yucca pot away from the cold window.

Question: Why do the lower yucca leaves turn yellow and fall off?
Answer: This is normal during the growing season (spring-summer). In rare cases, the cause may be damage to the plant by pests (information on pests and diseases of yucca is given below).

Question: Why on outside leaves began to appear spots Brown color, and the leaves themselves dry?
Answer: This often happens in the summer, if the air is too dry, the room is not often ventilated and watering is rather rare.

Question: What if there are light spots on the outside of the yucca leaves?
Answer: Most likely, the leaf plates received sunburn... It is necessary to slightly shade the glass of the window and rearrange the pot a little further from the window (especially if the southern windows).

♦ COMMON DISEASES AND PESTS:

Flower yucca (lat.Yucca) belongs to the genus of evergreen tree-like plants of the Agave family, although not so long ago it was included in the subfamily Liliaceae. Sometimes the plant is called "yucca palm", although it has nothing to do with palm trees. In floriculture, trees such as yucca and dracaena are called false palms. The homeland of yucca is the arid regions of Mexico and Central America. All 30 plant species are divided into two groups: stemless and tree-like. In nature, the tree-like plant yucca can grow up to 12 meters in height, home yucca grows no higher than 2 m.This is a beautiful, unpretentious tree to care for, which can serve as a worthy decoration large room or office. Sometimes yucca flowers are called "denim tree" because the first denim was made from their fibers.

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Planting and caring for a yucca (in brief)

• Bloom: ornamental deciduous plant, does not bloom at home.
• Lighting: bright sunlight (near the south window). Daylight hours should be at least 16 hours, so in winter additional artificial lighting will be needed.
• Temperature: in summer - usual for residential premises, in winter - at least 10 ˚C.
• Watering: abundant, after the soil has dried to a depth of 5-7 cm.
• Air humidity: any, but dry air is easier to carry.
• Top dressing: from April to August, once every 2-3 weeks, yucca leaves are sprayed on the underside with a very weak (two times weaker than the manufacturers recommend) solution of complex mineral fertilizer.
• Rest period: from October to February.
• Transfer: in spring, once every 2-4 years.
• Reproduction: seeds, apical cuttings, parts of the trunk.
• Pests: scale insects, spider mites, aphids, thrips.
• Diseases: stem and root rot, bacteriosis, gray and brown spots, fire blight.

Read more about growing yucca below.

Yucca flower - cultivation features

Caring for a yucca palm tree will not require big sacrifices from you. The only one a prerequisite for yucca in home floriculture is good lighting... The homeland of the yucca plant is desert and semi-desert areas where it grows under the sultry sun, so it is best to place it in the immediate vicinity of the south window, but if the west or east window is well lit, you can put the yucca near them.

The second distinctive feature of the plant is that yucca does not bloom in the home, although in nature it blooms with large white bell-shaped flowers, collected in panicles. If you arrange her for the winter in an insulated loggia, you may well have a chance to see the flowering of yucca: the laying of flower buds occurs only during a long stay in the cold.

If you are impatient, buy right away adult plant as yucca grows very slowly. However, keep in mind that yucca is popular, so it will not come cheap.

The daylight hours of the yucca should last at least 16 hours, which means that in the winter time it will be necessary to create artificial lighting for it.

In all other respects, caring for the yucca plant is simple, you can even forget about it for a while, and it will not wither from this.

From the agave family (Agavaceae). In nature, it grows in the humid subtropics of North America. Therefore, the domesticated climate loves dry and hot. In this article, we will take a closer look at what a yuka (flower) is - how to care for it, propagate it, etc.

Appearance

The trunk of a yuka can be either single or branched. One of the characteristic features of this plant is that its leaves grow not only on the branches, but also on the trunk itself (like a palm tree). They have an elongated, pointed shape. This plant blooms quite rarely. The flowers of the yuca are large white. They resemble bells in shape. However, this plant is grown mainly not for the sake of flowers, but for the sake of its unusual appearance. Yuka is very much like a small palm tree.

Choosing a place for a plant

The pot is best placed next to a window, preferably on the south side. However, from direct hit the sun's rays should be protected. If there is no possibility of placing a flower in a very bright place, you can also place it in partial shade. However, in this case, you will not get a particularly lush green crown.

In summer, the flower should be transferred to the balcony or taken to the country house and placed on the street. This will the best solution for such a light-loving plant as yuca (flower). How to care for her, we will consider below. To begin with, let's figure out the rules for planting this plant.

Optimum temperature for growth

In what conditions should these flowers be grown? Yuka, as already mentioned, loves the sun and warmth. Therefore, the room temperature must be high enough. Optimal for successful yuka cultivation is + 20-25 C in summer. In winter, the plant is transferred to a darker place with a fairly cool microclimate - + 10-12 C. Hypothermia should not be allowed during this period of the year, even though almost all processes in its tissues freeze and it goes into hibernation. If the air temperature in the room is too low, the plant will simply die.

Planting a plant

Yuka is a flower, the reproduction of which can be carried out in several ways:

1. Pieces of a trunk 15 cm long;
2. Cut off and rooted tops;
3. Daughter sockets.

Rooting of the planting material should take place either in sand or in a mixture of sand and peat. After this enterprise is crowned with success, the plant is transferred to a pot with a nutritious soil substrate, to which pieces of charcoal must be added. At the bottom of the pot, drainage from rubble or broken shards is arranged. The latter weigh less and are therefore more preferable. Yuku can also be grown from seeds if desired.

Watering and spraying

Next, let's look at how to water a yuca plant. The success in its cultivation largely depends on how correctly you do it. You should not water the yuka too often. In any case, water on the surface of the soil should not linger for a long time. The only thing you need to ensure that the soil does not dry out. In winter, the amount of watering is reduced to a minimum. Water the plant at this time of the year no more than once a week.

In summer, yuka is not sprayed too often, being careful. The leaves should be kept out of the sun while you moisturize them. Otherwise, burns cannot be avoided. In addition, you need to ensure that when spraying water does not fall into the rosettes of the leaves and between the trunks of nearby plants. In winter, the leaves are moistened quite often, since the air in the yuka room is too dry at this time. Spraying in the cold season is performed once a day.

Top dressing and fertilizers

Like any other houseplant, it requires feeding and yuca (flower). How to care for him in this regard, we will now consider in more detail. This houseplant is fertilized only in the warm season, during the period of active growth. Too often, indoor flower lovers do not recommend applying top dressing to the soil. Fertilize the plant once every two to three weeks. To improve the composition of the soil and increase the content of nutrients in it, manure, humus or peat are usually used. You can also purchase industrially produced agave fertilizers.

Propagation of yuca by apical cuttings

After successfully growing one plant, you can try to propagate it at home. However, you should know what to take. planting material from the yuca is possible only after it reaches a height of at least 30 cm. As already mentioned, the yuca palm can be propagated by cutting from the top. It is cut off with a sharp knife, or better yet, with a blade. Do not take too much material - as many green leaves as possible remain on the plant. The place of the cut must be processed with crushed coal. After a while, several new branches will grow around the healed wound. Thus, you can get a spectacular branched yucca.

The cut off top is slightly dried (for about two hours). After that, it is stuck in wet sand. Before transferring the plant to a permanent place, it should not be allowed to dry out. You can also place the stalk in a glass of water to which Activated carbon... Before it starts to release roots, some of the leaves may rot. They should be deleted without fail. Once the roots have grown enough, the yuka can be transferred to the pot.

Reproduction by a piece of a trunk

Yuka (the flower, the photo of which you see on this page) multiplies, including by pieces of the trunk. However, this method is best used only if you have sufficient experience in indoor floriculture. A part of the trunk is carefully cut off from the plant and placed in the same way as the apical cutting in wet sand. However, in this case, the material does not stick into it, but is positioned horizontally. If you moisten the sand regularly, roots and buds will soon appear on the cuttings. Thus, you can get not one new plant, but several at once.

Reproduction by offspring

In the event that offspring appear on your yuka, it will be very easy to propagate it. For this, a pot of wet sand is also pre-prepared. The offspring is neatly separated and placed in an upright position. Very soon, a new small tree will grow out of it, which will need to be transplanted into a pot with oily garden soil.

Plant transplant

Of course, any housewife will be happy to watch her yuka (flower) grow up. How to care for an adult, developed plant? Of course, this must also be done regularly and correctly. In the event that the pot for the grown yuka has become too small, it is imperative to transplant it into a more spacious container. This procedure is performed in late spring or early summer. If this is done later or earlier, the plant may be weakened. First of all, prepare new soil. Take garden soil and mix it with sand. The latter should be about 1/3 of the volume of the prepared soil. Place broken shards on the bottom of the pot and cover them with a piece of permeable geotextile. Fill the soil up to half of the container.

After everything is prepared, you can proceed to the yuka transplant. In order for the transfer procedure to a new pot to be successful, you should leave as much old soil as possible on the roots of the plant. Gently pry the yuka and transfer it into the prepared container. Lightly press the lump with roots to the surface of the previously poured soil and fill everything on top with the rest of it. Compact the soil around the trunk.

Transshipment is done not only if the plant becomes cramped in the old pot. This procedure is also necessary in order to change the soil, in which the amount of nutrients significantly decreases over time. Yuki transplants are performed without fail once every three years.

Transplant of an old yuka

The old yuka is a flower, the care of which also involves a periodic transplant. However, in this case, the soil is not left on the roots during the transfer. The fact is that in old plants they often rot and die off. Therefore, the soil is shaken off before transplanting, and the roots are carefully examined. The decayed and sick are removed. Sometimes in old plants the trunk itself begins to rot. In this case, you just have to cut off the intact part of it along with the foliage and plant it in a pot of wet sand. Next, the container with the plant is placed in a dark, cool place. Perhaps after a while it will release new roots.

Plant pruning

In principle, we have already considered the method of pruning the yuca when we talked about the methods of its reproduction. In order to get a lush, branched plant, you need to cut off the top of the palm by about 10 cm. The cut must be sprinkled with crushed coal or covered with garden pitch. Pruning can only be done if the plant has already reached a height of 60 cm and is very well rooted.

Yuki garden variety

There are varieties of yuca designed for outdoor cultivation. These garden flowers they can withstand low winter temperatures without harm. However, they should still be covered. To do this, the leaves of the plant are collected in the middle of the bush and tied by wrapping with a wide ribbon. The result is a kind of posts that need to be covered with polyethylene. This procedure should be followed carefully. The plant should not bend or lose shape.

Yuka is a garden flower, the success of which depends on how well you water it. Varieties growing in open ground, as well as indoor varieties, should not be poured too much. It is only necessary to ensure that the soil under the plants does not dry out. With the onset of the autumn cold snap, it is better to stop watering altogether. Otherwise, the plants may start to hurt.

Garden yuks are cut in the same way as indoor ones. Reproduction rules are similar. It is not necessary to replant garden flowers. In any case, they will have enough space on the flower bed for free growth and development. You should not fertilize yuca growing in open ground too often. It is enough to feed them with infusion of mullein, well diluted with water, twice a season. If the soil in the flower bed is oily, then this procedure will be superfluous.

Plant diseases

Yuka is a garden flower, whose health must be monitored. It is usually affected by fungal or bacterial infections. In this case, the leaves of the plant are covered with dark spots. At the next stage, the tissues begin to soften and rot. The same process can simultaneously occur with a part of the plant trunk. For treatment, all affected areas are cut off with a sharp knife. Damaged leaves are also removed. The remaining healthy parts of the plant are treated with a systemic fungicide. The number of waterings is reduced. Indoor yucas sometimes suffer from similar diseases. The procedure is the same in this case.

Yuka is practically not affected by insects. Sometimes, in too hot weather, a spider mite can attack it. In this case, the trunk and leaves should be treated with a weak solution of tobacco tincture.

Yuka is wonderful, original, beautiful plant, plant which in your apartment or on summer cottage definitely worth it. With a little effort, you can decorate your home or garden with real southern mini-palm trees.

Yucca is a fairly popular indoor and garden plant in our climatic zone.

Although this palm tree is native to the hot tropics, it withstands frost well enough without needing significant insulation for the winter.

Therefore, garden yucca is actively used to create unique landscape designs on their backyard plots.

Preparing to plant a yucca

Planting yucca garden in open ground it is better to carry out in spring or summer, when the minimum night temperature exceeds 7 degrees, so that the plant has time to form a root system by winter.

This flower is rather unpretentious to the composition of the soil, but it achieves the best decorative effect when it grows in soil with an acidity of less than 7.5 pH and a large amount of sand and humus. The ideal composition of the soil for planting yucca is the following: turf soil, humus, sand and compost in equal parts.

For planting garden yucca, give preference to a site in a better well-lit place located on a hill. This is necessary to avoid waterlogging of the root system, since this part of the plant is the most vulnerable. Remember that planting a yucca in an area that is too shady can kill it.

Yucca garden - planting

Before planting in open ground, the plant must be hardened; for this, take it out in a pot in the open air for two weeks, gradually increasing the time of its stay outdoors every day.

Garden yucca, when planted in closed or open ground, needs to create a drainage layer. For this purpose, fine pebbles, coarse sand, pumice, crushed brick, wood chips, coarse perlite and coarse peat are well suited. When planting a yucca in a flowerpot, you can use a special drainage that absorbs moisture, which is sold in flower shops.

Planting stages:

Dig a hole in the chosen place so that its size is about twice the diameter of the root ball of the plant.

Place a drainage layer at the bottom of the pit.

Carefully dump the plant into the hole and sprinkle it with earth without deepening its neck (the base of the trunk should be at ground level), and then compact the soil around a little.

Water the yucca abundantly immediately after planting, and then mulch it with grass to reduce moisture evaporation.

Propagation by seeds of garden yucca

When propagated by yucca seeds, garden planting in open ground should be done only after 2 years. It is better to plant the seeds in a container at the end of winter at room temperature from 18 to 25 degrees.

Yucca garden - care

Yucca is unpretentious plant, which is actually afraid only of waterlogging of the root system. Therefore, the flower should be watered in moderation, focusing on the appearance of the yucca and the complete drying of the topsoil. If its leaves have dropped down, and the leaf strings are drooping, then the plant does not have enough moisture, and it needs watering. When the leaves wilt, they can be sprayed with water in the morning or evening, when the sun is least active.

This plant periodically needs feeding, especially during the period of active growth in spring... For this purpose, any mineral fertilizers, compost or liquid humus are well suited. For foliar feeding, the lower leaves of the palm should be sprayed abundantly.

For the early flowering of yucca garden care the habitual can be replaced with shock therapy. To do this, it is necessary to keep the plant in a dark room with a temperature not higher than +5 degrees for 10-14 days, and then place it in a bright, warm, sunny place. In order for the yucca to bloom faster, do not cut off yellowed leaves!

Indoor garden yucca is quite unpretentious in care. In the summer, it is better to take the plant out to the balcony, as it loves sunlight and open air. Watering should be moderate and timely.

Yucca garden: transplant

Garden yucca in the open field can grow in one place for about 20 years, while a houseplant needs to be transplanted once every 2 years.

Transplant rules:

It is better to replant yucca in spring or summer;

Soak the roots in water for one hour before planting, and after planting, water them abundantly;

Special attention should be given to a powerful root system, trying not to injure it when the plant is thrown out of the pot;

After transplanting, the plant cannot be fed for two weeks;

The planter should be 3 cm larger than the diameter of the root ball;

After transplanting, the yucca must be placed away from drafts.

Warming yucca for the winter

Despite the fact that yucca is a frost-resistant plant, it is better to insulate it for the winter, especially in the first years after planting in open ground. To do this, follow these steps:

1. In autumn, collect dry yucca leaves in a bunch, tying them along the entire length.

2. Cover the plant with dry leaves around the trunk, and place boards or earth on top. This is necessary so that the leaves are not blown away by the wind.

3. Cover the crown of the yucca with plastic in the shape of a cone and carefully tie it with twine or any other rope.

4. Yellowed old leaves can be removed in spring.

Reproduction of yucca garden

Reproduction of yucca in our climatic zone occurs by grafting or dividing the bush. For propagation by stem cuttings, you must perform the following steps:

With a sharp knife, cut off the side rosette of the yucca with the stem;

Remove the lower leaves so that all the forces of the plant are directed to creating the root system;

A fresh cut should be dried and sprinkled with charcoal;

Plant the resulting cuttings in a closed light greenhouse, burying 3-4 cm into the ground. Do not allow the soil to dry out.

Pests and diseases of yucca garden

The main prevention in maintaining immunity to plant diseases is the correct choice of growing place and proper care for the garden yucca. But despite this, in rare cases, the flower can still be exposed to pests.

The main enemy of the yucca is scabbard, after which the plant becomes covered with brown plaques. To combat this pest, palm leaves are daily wiped with a damp cloth or cotton wool, and once a week they are treated with vodka. For destruction slugs that can appear on the yucca that grows in the garden plot, insecticidal preparations are used.

Colorless spots that appear on old leaves and turn brown over time are a disease called "Spotting"... The fungal environment affects the plant due to excess moisture. To combat this scourge, the plant should be treated with fugnicide and watering should be done moderately.

Rot yucca can also be caused by waterlogging and excessive shade of the plant. When damaged, the entire crown of the plant suffers, the leaves of which are gradually affected by rot. In this case, you need to act immediately, otherwise the yucca will die. First, remove all damaged areas of the plant, and then treat it with a fungicidal preparation, if necessary, repeat these steps.

Cercosporosis- oval or other shaped spots of brown color, which can grow in size over time. Excess moisture is also the cause of the disease. Control measures: elimination of affected leaves, treatment with fugnicide and reduction of humidity in the room.

White rot - serious illness yucca garden. Plant infection occurs through the soil and is associated with an excess of nitrogenous fertilizers in it, waterlogging or lack of light. At first, the leaves of the palm tree become colorless and then watery. The lower leaves of the crown are especially strongly affected, and the disease is acutely manifested when the temperature drops to +15 degrees.

If damaged by this fungus, all affected plant tissues must be removed with the capture of healthy areas and wiped with an antiseptic. Then treatment with Fundazol or Rovral should be carried out. If these measures are not effective, the yucca must be completely removed from the soil, dried a little and checked the integrity of the root system, and then transplanted into new soil with a low nitrogen content.

Marginal necrosis- a disease characterized by the appearance of a gray-brown tint on the edges of old leaves. The occurrence of necrosis is most often provoked by high humidity of the environment. To combat this disease, the affected areas of the leaves are removed and the plant is treated with Ridomil.