Which solid fuel boiler for heating a private house to give preference to? We understand the features, pros and cons of modern heating units long burning.

Frequent loading of the furnace - main drawback classic solid fuel heat sources. The fuel in them burns out quickly enough, and the generated heat is enough for a short time. The problem can be solved by modern long-burning boilers, which increase the combustion process of solid fuel material tenfold.

Long burning heating boiler for a private house

Highly efficient heating units make the most of the thermal energy released by fuel during combustion, therefore they are ideal for heating private houses, as well as industrial premises.

The market for solid fuel boilers for long burning is quite extensive - the range includes models from the simplest to the most adapted to the interests of the user.

All units of this type operate effectively even at minimum capacities, demonstrating the difference in the amount of accumulated heat in comparison with classic boilers approximately 10 times

Wood fired heating boiler

A suitable heat source is selected taking into account the following factors:

1. what type of fuel will be used (coal, firewood, peat briquettes, waste from wood processing and similar solid combustible substances);
2. what kind of boiler is needed (simple, combined or universal);
3. how large the area will be heated;
4. how often the fuel will be loaded;
5. what is the budget planned for the purchase of the boiler.

Principle of operation

According to the principle of operation, the installations are divided into two types:

1. working according to the classical scheme with the inclusion of a blower blower-fan;
2. top-loading and air-fed models.

Heating system of a private house using a boiler

In both of these variants, the operation of the blower is controlled by a special electronic unit - it controls the temperature of the water, increasing or slowing down the performance of the fan. In units with a supercharger, the inertia of the processes is reduced, due to which the duration of solid fuel combustion is increased.

In top-loading models, the blower is located in the upper part of the housing. Air is supplied from top to bottom, in a similar direction, fuel is burned, as a result, a fully charged installation is capable of operating for a very long time (from 8 to 48 hours).

In general, long-burning units have a lot of advantages, but there are also some disadvantages. Regardless of the principle of operation, they must be cleaned from time to time - if you neglect cleaning, then the equipment may simply fail.

Scheme: device of a long-burning boiler

At full capacity boiler equipment heats up not instantly, but after a certain time. Another disadvantage is that it is impossible to quickly stop the operation of a long-burning boiler in case of such a need.

Differences in the type of solid fuel used: what to consider when choosing

Long-burning boilers differ among themselves not only in the principle of operation, but also in the type of fuel used. Each of the heating units operating on a solid type of fuel has its own advantages and disadvantages, which should be considered when choosing.

Wood fired boiler

The most important thing when choosing this model is the volume of the firebox itself for laying firewood, which will fit into it with one load. The larger the firebox capacity, the longer the wood will burn.

Wood fired boiler for heating

Coal fired boiler

If coal is used as a fuel, first of all, you should pay attention when choosing suitable model for the material of manufacture. It is better to give preference to structures made of cast iron or stainless steel.

The thickness of the walls of the furnace also plays an important role, since the temperature will be very high during coal combustion. It is recommended to choose a model with the thickest walls that will keep warm for a long time.

Coal fired boiler for heating

Pellet boiler

This type of boilers is capable of operating autonomously for the longest possible period of time, therefore it is very popular with consumers. The time of its autonomous operation directly depends on the size of the hopper - the tank can hold from a minimum of 20 kg to several tons of granules. Therefore, it is rational to choose models with a spacious bunker in order to reduce the number of fuel fillings.

• high efficiency;
• profitability;
• automatic control (in the presence of electricity, the equipment independently pours fuel into the furnace using a screw);
• there is no need for frequent cleaning as the fuel burns out almost completely.

Pellet boiler

• quite high cost;
• energy dependence;
• fuel required High Quality(whole low ash pellets), otherwise the burner becomes clogged very quickly.

Pyrolysis boiler

The pyrolysis boiler works by distilling fuel under conditions of elevated temperature with a limited supply of oxygen, which contributes to the decomposition of wood into the so-called pyrolysis gas. The pyrolysis-type boilers have two furnaces, in one of which the primary combustion of fuel is carried out, and in the second - gas afterburning.

Pyrolysis boiler

profitability;

high efficiency;

no special manual adjustment required;

practically no ash remains;

the temperature of the heating water remains stable as long as there is at least a minimum of solid fuel in the firebox;

warming up the room is achieved in 30-40 minutes;

equally good performance quality both with natural and forced circulation of the coolant in the system.

• requires higher quality solid fuel;
• high price.

Types of pyrolysis boilers for long burning

Combined boiler

In addition to the main one, these units can also use minor types fuel, as well as their combinations. Some of the models are equipped with additional function- electric heating, which turns on after the burned out of the bookmark of the available fuel, when the boiler starts the cooling process.

Combined boiler for long burning

Conclusion

The basic indicators when choosing a long-burning heating boiler are the capacity of the equipment, as well as the combustion method. The most efficient in terms of efficiency are boilers, the principle of which is based on the pyrolysis process. Unlike conventional combustion, pyrolysis boilers burn not only fuel, but also wood gases.

Long burning boiler - modern way heating of living quarters

An additional plus in favor of their choice is ease of maintenance, since soot is practically not formed, the cleaning process is simplified. If there is no desire to load the next portion of fuel into the boiler from time to time, then it is rational to purchase automated system, which will completely eliminate manual labor.

What is a long burning boiler: video

Long burning boiler: photo

A long-burning boiler has become an excellent replacement for ovens different types, which require constant refueling. Its advantage lies in the long-term release of heat into the room, which means that there is a saving not only in time, but also in fuel.

Such a boiler has other useful positive qualities that will help solve some household problems. There are many models of boilers of this class on sale, from which you can choose the one that suits you in terms of characteristics and price, but there is another option - to make such a heating device yourself.

Long-term burning of boilers is achieved due to the design of the heater, which includes an additional chamber for burning the gas released during the combustion of wood fuel.

The principle is as follows - the fuel put in the furnace, with an almost complete absence of oxygen, does not undergo active combustion. open flame, which means that it smolders for a long time with the release of heat. In order to generate a sufficient amount of gas, when burning fuel, after laying firewood, lighting the boiler and the appearance of an active flame, the ventilation pumps are automatically turned on, which remove excess oxygen from the furnace and turn the combustion into a state of smoldering.

In addition to the heat emitted from the fuel, during slow combustion, gas is released, which enters the additional chamber through ceramic or metal pipes or nozzles. Afterburning of gas takes place in the chamber, which is facilitated by the air blowing system. Here, the final combustion of the remaining fuel combustion products, for example, soot and other heavy compounds, takes place.

With a conventional furnace design, after combustion, the fuel leaves a lot of products (waste), which are also capable of producing heat when they are burned. This was taken into account by the developers of long-burning boilers. The chamber, where the secondary combustion takes place, retains the generated heat inside the structure, preventing it from immediately going into the chimney.

Another advantage of the combustion of the emitted substances is the ecological purity of the smoke coming from the furnace, since all toxic products from combustion are destroyed in the additional afterburner section.

In addition, such a boiler has one feature: if in all furnaces the fuel is burned from bottom to top, then in long-burning furnaces, on the contrary, from top to bottom. This factor also slows down the combustion process, preventing the fuel below the fire from quickly heating up.

A large amount of firewood is loaded into such a boiler at once, i.e. the combustion chamber is filled to the top. After firing up, it is hermetically closed by a door. The amount of oxygen supplied is controlled by an air regulator.

The combustion chamber for combustion waste and gas can be located at the bottom, top or rear of the boiler, depending on the specific model.

The fuel for this unit can be used: wood and coal, sawdust and peat, as well as other materials. It does not matter which type of solid fuel will be used to load the boiler, but the main thing is that it is sufficiently dry. Excessive moisture will reduce power heating installation, which will go to dry firewood, and reduce the production of secondary fuel - pyrolysis gas.

After the combustion of any fuel, a small pile of ash remains in the long-burning furnace, so a very small door is provided for its removal.

Differences of a double-circuit boiler

A long-burning boiler may have not one circuit, but two. Thus, it can not only heat the room, but also heat water for household needs. Such units are equipped with a heat exchanger or a water jacket - in this section, water is heated.

The heat exchanger built into the system can have a flow-through water system or in the form of a storage boiler. For heating system, of course, the heat exchanger must work according to the flow-through principle, but for hot water supply it can be both flow-through and boiler-driven.

For DHW it is more convenient to choose a large-volume indirect heating boiler. It will allow you to always have hot water, since it will be constantly heated, and to maintain the temperature even after the end of the furnace for a long time.

In addition to the water circuit, the boiler design is no different from conventional boilers operating on this principle.

Combined boilers

Solid fuel boilers are mainly installed in buildings located in areas where other types of energy resources are not available. If it is possible to connect to gas pipeline, it is better to use a combi boiler. It will be much more convenient to use and financially more economical.

Particular ease of use - combi boilers

The design of the combined options is complemented by a gas burner and automation. They begin to heat the stove, for example, with wood, and when they burn out and the boiler cools down, set temperature, the automatics are triggered, and the gas heating is turned on, which maintains the coolant at the desired temperature conditions... Such a boiler can be single-circuit, but have a common system built-in boiler.

In addition, there are boiler models that run on electricity instead of gas.

Boiler positive characteristics

Any of the units described above has unifying and individual positive qualities, which is why today they are installed in country houses and replace the old brick ovens with them.

• Long-burning boilers have good performance and have a very high efficiency, which reaches 90-95%.
• If the boiler has a system automatic feed fuel, it can work for a long time without human intervention. The period of such work is indicated in the unit's passport.
• The efficiency of the device is explained by the ability of the structure during normal operation to reach temperatures up to 600 - 650 degrees.
• Boilers are environmentally friendly devices, since not only the stored fuel is burned, but also the carbon monoxide generated during its operation.
• It is always possible to adjust the intensity of combustion.
• Modern boilers are equipped with automation, which allows them to be controlled through the remote control, and also through it to receive a signal about malfunctions that have arisen during operation.
• The convenience of combined boilers is to use different kind fuel, which allows you to significantly save on it.
• In boilers with a water circuit, it is possible to regulate the water temperature, both for heating and for hot water supply.
• With a large number positive qualities assembly, it has a completely affordable price.
• Ease of installation and operation, as well as unpretentious maintenance and the ability to do it yourself, without involving specialists.
• Compactness compared to brick buildings.

Objective flaws

The negative aspects of using the boiler include:

• The fuel is loaded into the device manually.
• In some models, there is no regulation of the water temperature, therefore, when choosing a boiler, you need to pay special attention to this.
• Adequate storage space for firewood or other solid fuels is required.
• There are certain requirements for drying the combustion material.
• When using combined models, it will be necessary to allocate a separate room for the system - a boiler room.

These are quite significant disadvantages for those who have a small area of ​​the house, but if it is necessary to install heating, you can always find a way out.

Is it realistic to build such a boiler with your own hands?

If desired and with some skills, it is quite possible to make a solid fuel boiler for long burning on your own. For the efficiency of his work it doesn't matter at all what shape the boiler will be - round, made from a barrel or gas cylinder, or welded from metal sheets. The main thing is a properly arranged internal system.

Video example of the construction of a home-made long-burning boiler "from Maxim"

The simplest design of a long-burning boiler

The proposed scheme clearly shows how in a completely simple way it is possible to create conditions inside the boiler to trap hot air, which will significantly prolong the cooling process.

Of all the boiler options that you can make yourself, having rectangular shape will be the most compact and aesthetic. It is great for heating small room, and if it is slightly modified, it will warm a large area.

The design of the boiler is quite simple and it will require quite available materials, and their number will depend on the size of the planned unit.

The meaning of the design is to prevent the heated air from directly entering the pipe. For this, devices are arranged inside, consisting of metal plates and pipes welded in a special way and creating a kind of labyrinth between themselves, through which the heated air should slowly leave. The upper compartments, with a competent organization of the supply of additional air, will function as afterburner chambers. If desired, cover the boiler from the inside with fireclay tiles or bricks installed on the edge. You can arrange brickwork outside the heater.

In order to make such a boiler, you need to prepare: a metal sheet at least three millimeters thick, steel corner 4 × 4 or 5 × 5 cm, cover for the hole in the hob, chimney of the required configuration, length and diameter. All material is purchased based on a previously drawn up scheme.

• The first step is the cutting of all metal parts after marking according to dimensions according to the scheme. The parts must be cut carefully, then the edges must be smoothed out with a sander.

The following parts are cut out: the bottom and walls of the boiler, the grate panel, hob, two or three interior panels to create a labyrinth exit of heated gases.

• Next, holes are cut in the hob for the burner and chimney. The front panel accommodates two rectangular holes for the firebox and blower. The cut plates are scalded - they will be used for the doors, and must close tightly. They are attached to hinges that are welded to the panel and doors. Then the valves are fixed on them.
• Work continues with the front panel - one plate is welded from its inner side. She must be smaller side wall by 7-8 centimeters, ie. it must not reach the back wall by the specified distance. It is located at a distance of 10-12 centimeters from the top panel.
• Next, work is going on with the back wall - two are welded onto it from the inside metal panels, the same size as on the front. One of them is fixed at a distance from the top of 5-6 centimeters, and the second 15-17. When assembling the boiler, the plate from the front panel should be located between the plates of the rear wall.
• On side walls, for their entire length, one corner is welded, at the same height - in the future they will serve as brackets for the grate.
• Legs made from a corner are welded to the bottom. For the stability of the boiler, it is better to weld metal round or square plates to their end.
• To make a grate panel, numerous holes are drilled in the prepared metal blank or long strips are cut out along the side walls. You can do another way - weld the grate from the reinforcement. If you can find a cast iron grate for sale that exactly fits the tedious size, this will be the ideal option. When designing a boiler, this issue can be thought out in advance.
• The decisive and final step is assembling all the parts together. They can be connected with a corner, or you can weld the parts together butt-to-end, but this must be done very carefully, the seams must be even and tight.
• The chimney branch pipe is connected to the finished structure by welding.
• To keep the structure neat, you need to clean the welding seams and completely cover the entire boiler with heat-resistant paint.

Once the paint has dried, it can be tested before installation. Test the boiler outdoors.

Video - original homemade long-burning boiler

Earlier it was told about the simplest constructions. However, creative ideas have boundaries. Look at step by step process creating a boiler of a completely unusual design.

Installation

The boiler must be installed in compliance with fire safety rules.

• To install a stationary boiler, you need to prepare a surface for it. It must be flat and fire resistant - it can be a concrete floor, brickwork or tiles.
• The walls around the boiler are finished with heat-resistant plasterboard, tiles, brick or masonry. Other non-combustible material can be selected.
• The room where the boiler is located must have a good ventilation system.

If the boiler is made by hand, you need to try to choose quality material for the product to serve long term.

When choosing finished boiler, it is necessary to carefully familiarize yourself with its characteristics and functions so that it satisfies all requests depending on it. If there is no need or opportunity to purchase a factory-made boiler, then you can make it yourself or order it from an experienced craftsman.

Long burning boilers are completely unique and absolutely new design boiler equipment, the principle of which is based on the use of solid fuel for heating. At the same time, for full-fledged functioning, it is necessary to use only that solid fuel, the moisture content of which will not exceed 20 percent. The performance level of such a device is 50, 70, and sometimes even as much as 100 percent!

Principle of operation

Solid fuel for long-burning boilers is wood, peat briquettes or coal. The supply of oxygen to the combustion chamber with a water circuit is extremely limited, therefore the process of fuel smoldering is very slow. The combustion process of the inert gas generated from the fuel resource also slows down.

Thus, traditional combustion is converted to a fairly slow smoldering. At the same time, the volume of initial resources is sufficient to obtain the generator gas at the output, which has very high thermal conductivity, and then pave the way to the refractory ceramic nozzle to reach the combustion chamber, where the active combustion process is already continuing, supported by additional air. The moment of ignition begins when air is mixed with gas and is enhanced by the use of a catalyst. The generator gas itself at this time burns out with soot and heavy compounds.

When fuel is burned within the boiler plant, the combustion becomes very superficial and heavy compounds, carbon monoxide and other harmful substances that pollute the chimney are inevitable. environment... However, in terms of chemistry, these products provide excellent combustion and economy for the owner of the boiler.

The smoldering process, accompanied by a deficiency of oxygen, preserves the most valuable products inside the long-burning boiler, which contribute to the maximum energy yield, and non-combustible and practically non-toxic elements enter the chimney directly, forming absolutely harmless smoke.

Although firewood is the most common and even traditional view solid fuel, a much more profitable and practical alternative is peat briquettes, the moisture indicator of which even with improper storage barely reaches 18 percent and the burning time is 12 hours. Due to this, it is sufficient to replenish the combustion chambers no more than once every two or even three days, while firewood burns no longer than 6 hours, as a result of which the intervals between the filling of new portions of fuel are noticeably reduced.

Design

According to its design, such a long-burning heater is a standard single-circuit boiler, used exclusively as a heating system operating on the basis of forced circulation. At the same time, the production and supply of hot water should be completely excluded from household consumption.

Advantages

Specifications and Precautions

Choosing a boiler according to individual needs

Of course, qualified sales consultants will help you choose a long-burning boiler for several days according to individual needs buyer, however, most specialists are interested in selling certain types and models of boilers. That is why there will be it is advisable to prepare for the purchase in advance and at least when choosing a solid fuel heating boiler, consider the following key factors.

An important point when choosing a boiler is its purpose and intended use, since solid fuel boilers can be used both as a main and an additional source for heating.

When using a long-burning boiler as the main functional unit, it is better to find a high-quality model with an optimal ratio of price and quality. The price is mainly determined by the reliability of the installation and its quality characteristics... The choice of inexpensive devices most often leads to a decrease in efficiency and a violation of the stability of the functioning equipment.

If the boiler plant is planned as an additional source of heating, the choice can be stopped on quite budget models of the device.

The next criterion is the types of fuel suitable for refueling different models long burning boilers. For example, in a village, urban-type settlement, or just in a small settlement, there is a large amount of inexpensive firewood on sale. It will be advisable to give preference to this particular material and, accordingly, the installation that will support the operation mode on this type of fuel. At the same time, one should not forget that it is coal that has the greatest energy efficiency and calorie content. Based on this, you can also choose a universal type of boiler unit providing simultaneous combustion of wood and coal.

Despite the fact that in the western market, including the European one, the sales leaders are solid fuel boilers equipped with an automatic fuel supply and control system, on domestic market they are wary of and they practically do not use consumer demand. The high cost of equipment scares the mass buyer, but such high-tech installations have a lot of advantages and very benefits in operation, because the investment pays off incredibly quickly, while the boiler will last for many years.

The likelihood of breakdowns and any other inconvenience is very small. Moreover, automatic long-burning boilers should be loaded no more than once every 6-7 days, since the refueling is enough for almost a week's operation without interruption.

Conclusion

Modern long-burning heating boilers have high degree economy, convenience and productivity. Newest Models boiler equipment and at all adapted to work on two types of solid fuel at the same time(for example, on wood products, coal or ordinary firewood). Due to the compactness of solid fuel boilers, it becomes especially convenient to use them in small-sized premises, both residential and commercial. Such boilers also gained noticeable popularity due to their ease of operation and the absence of any difficult conditions leaving.

Electric boiler operation may cause a short circuit, which often leads to fires or other emergencies involving material expenditures, and even even with human casualties. Unlike conventional gas and diesel units, long-burning solid fuel boilers are absolutely safe to operate, since the risk of explosion is reduced to zero. Thus, a device running on solid fuel is not only efficiency and productivity, but also a guarantee of safety.

They require regular maintenance and fuel loading - this is their main disadvantage. Cheap and simple models need to be filled with wood every few hours. Therefore, for heating a residential building, long-burning boilers are often used, which can operate on one batch of fuel for several days.

How is such a long service life of these models achieved? Significant dimensions usually tell the buyer that the matter is in the larger volume of the loading chamber. This is partly true, but long-term work is based on not the amount of fuel, but the principle of its combustion "from top to bottom".

When fuel is burned, only its upper layer burns, and combustion occurs with a metered intake of air. In this case, no bright flame is formed, the fuel smolders for a long time and evenly, while heating the lower layers. Therefore, long burning boilers not so demanding on the moisture content of firewood and coal fraction.

The device of a long-burning boiler has its own characteristics... The loading chamber door is located high - in the upper third of the body. Almost everything is filled with fuel inner space, this explains the large download volume. In the upper part of the body there is a flue pipe, which is connected to the chimney.

There is an ash pan at the bottom of the chamber; it is necessary for cleaning the boiler. The ash pan does not play the role of the blower, as in conventional furnaces, in these models, so its door is sealed. Air comes from the air chamber located at the top, it is at the same time a recuperator: flue gases heat up its walls, due to which the air enters the combustion zone already heated. At the top, the chamber is equipped with a shutter.

In order to supply air to the fuel combustion surface in a metered manner, the boilers are equipped with an air distributor connected to the air chamber by means of a telescopically extending pipe. As the fuel load burns out, the distributor is lowered together with the upper burning layer, which ensures a long-term stable air supply mode.

The air distributor is returned to its original position by means of a rope with a ring - it is simply pulled upwards. The position of the cable can be used to determine the remaining fuel in the loading chamber.

The heat exchanger in long-burning models is a water jacket located on all side surfaces, due to which heat removal is quite efficient. To supply the coolant to the heating system and return it to the boiler, nozzles are provided. The water inlet to the system is located at the top of the heat exchanger, the return is at the bottom, this ensures natural circulation.

Can be equipped automatic or thermomechanical regulation... In the first case, they are volatile and require an electrical connection. In the second, the combustion process is controlled using a bimetallic one. Such boilers do not need electricity and can operate smoothly in any conditions.

Advantages of long burning boilers

• operating time on one load - up to 7 days;
• simple and reliable design;
• low requirements for fuel quality;
• most models do not require a network connection;
• the price of boilers is comparable to the price of.

Disadvantages:

• significant dimensions;
• the need for regular cleaning - when smoldering produces a large amount of soot.

Fuels for long-burning boilers

Long-burning boilers are not demanding on fuel quality... They give the greatest efficiency on anthracite and brown coal, but they can also work on wood, briquettes and pellets.

An important nuance that you need to pay attention to when buying is the maximum length of firewood. Ready chopped firewood usually have a length of 40-45 cm, if the model has a shorter length of the loading chamber, then the firewood will have to be prepared independently or cut to order.

The moisture content of the wood is not as important for this type of boilers as for pyrolysis boilers, but when burning raw wood, the boiler efficiency will be significantly lower, and the amount of soot and soot will greatly increase. Moreover, for high humidity smoke, water vapor can condense on the walls of the chimney and interact with soot to form carbonic acid. Over time, the acid will erode the walls of the chimney and will need to be replaced.

Pellets and fuel briquettes in long burning boilers can be used without preliminary preparation, the size of the granules does not matter, and the moisture content of this fuel is within 20%, which is quite acceptable for these models. Brown coal and medium-sized anthracite also do not require additional preparation, large pieces crushed before loading.

It is not recommended to use wet sawdust and construction garbage- fuel chamber and chimney when using them!

Overview of models of long-burning boilers

There are boilers from various manufacturers on the market, and their declared characteristics are similar, so it is sometimes difficult to make a choice. Below is an overview of the most popular models.

Boilers Liepsnele, Lithuania

The range of long-burning boilers from this manufacturer includes universal models with a capacity of 10 to 40 kW, they can operate on coal, wood, sawdust, shavings, fuel pellets and pressed briquettes.

The design of the boilers belongs to the classic mine type with top combustion. Liepsnele boilers are non-volatile, have a high efficiency - it is at least 90% in any mode of operation and with any fuel.

Video: installation and connection heating equipment Liepsnele

Boilers SWaG, Ukraine

Mine universal models of long burning, equipped with an electronic control unit that allows you to accurately regulate the combustion modes. A range of capacities - from 10 to 50 kW. The boilers are equipped with a turbine that blows air into the combustion zone, which increases its efficiency during firing up and in the heating mode of the system. The boilers are equipped with a safety group including a pressure relief valve and an air vent, as well as a thermometer.

Brief technical characteristics:

In the SWaG boilers, along with the main fuel, you can burn sawdust, straw, wood chips and other waste by mixing them with coal or wood. Dusty fine coal, prone to sintering and coking, must not be used - the boiler will be unstable and ineffective.

Video: description of SwaG boilers

Boilers Stropuva, ​​Bulgaria

Classic aggregates top burning, shaft type for heating residential and industrial facilities. Equipped with a bimetallic draft regulator, which eliminates the need to connect to electrical network... The range of universal boilers is represented by models from 8 to 40 kW.

Brief technical characteristics:

Stropuva boilers are distinguished by increased safety and resistance to water hammer - with a sharp overheating, the walls of the body are not damaged, the deformation is directed inward.

Video: Stropuva Long Burn Models

Boilers Nedelka, Russia

Domestic boilers capable of operating on one coal load for 6-7 days. They have a high efficiency - up to 92%, the boiler automation allows you to accurately regulate the temperature of the network water and the microclimate in the premises of the house.

The boiler has a rectangular shape with a loading door in the upper plane. The type of combustion in the boiler is upper, for a more complete heat removal, a smoke circulation is provided - channels through which heated flue gases pass.

The heat exchanger of the Nedelka boiler is multi-pass, which ensures maximum heat removal from the most heated surfaces. The firebox is equipped with a grate and two cleaning doors: through one, located in the fuel chamber, combustion products are removed from the firebox, through the second - from the ash pan.

In the upper part there is a microprocessor control unit that controls the boost fan. It regulates the air supply to the chamber and, consequently, the combustion mode. When the power is turned off, the boiler goes out, when it is turned on, it is able to flare up again without human intervention. The controls are simple - just set the desired temperature in the rooms where the sensors are installed.

The requirements for the quality of fuel at the Nedelka units are not high: they can burn coal and firewood, pellet granules, wood chips, and construction waste. The greatest efficiency and duration of combustion is achieved when working on coal, the quality of which is not required special requirements- efficient pressurization is capable of igniting any fraction of coal.

Three boiler models are recommended for private houses.: KO-60 - for a house with an area from 100 to 300 square meters, KO-90 - from 200 to 400 square meters and KO-110 - from 250 to 600 square meters. Moreover, what larger area, the shorter the burning time of the boiler on one load, therefore it is better to choose a more powerful boiler.

Prices for boilers "Nedelka", depending on the modification - from 110 to 220 thousand rubles.

Boiler "Nedelka", video

The correct choice of a suitable model of solid fuel equipment will allow you to forget about the daily loading, cleaning and maintenance of heating equipment. Modern boilers are reliable, safe and do not require supervision. It is enough to clean the unit from ash and ash once every few days and load a new batch of fuel, after which the house will be warm and comfortable all week.

Constantly rising gas and electricity tariffs are forcing residents country houses install autonomous solid fuel boilers for heating a private house. Such devices generate heat energy by burning wood, coal or. It is also worth noting that solid fuel units will be the best solution for arranging a heating system in those houses where it is technically impossible to mount gas equipment.

The market for solid fuel boilers for long burning is rich in a variety of models of devices made by manufacturers from different countries. To do right choice and purchase a heating device that is ideal for your home, you should familiarize yourself in advance with all existing types of solid fuel boilers.

Types of solid fuel boilers for a private house

The entire model range of this unit can be conditionally divided into the following types:

1. Heating devices in which solid fuel is fed into the furnace automatically. These are the so-called pellet boilers. Their work is based on the use of granular fuels.
2. Heating devices that require manual loading of solid fuels. Their classification is presented as follows:

• boiler of the classic type;
• top-fired pyrolysis boilers;
• long burning heating device.

The most important parameter that you should pay attention to when buying a heating device is the combustion time of solid fuel with a single load, as well as the type of fuel that determines maximum efficiency boiler operation.

When choosing a long-burning solid fuel boiler for your home or summer cottage, it is very important to pay attention to the following parameters:

• number of contours. A long-burning solid fuel double-circuit boiler can not only heat the house well, but also ensure uninterrupted hot water;
• it is good if the boiler has a hob, so the problem of cooking is solved;
• always check the power of the device and its efficiency. As a rule, solid fuel heating boilers with a capacity of up to 12 kW can warm up well a house with an area of ​​more than 100m2;
• before making a purchase, think about whether the weight and dimensions of the device correspond to those parameters that ensure fairly easy transportation and quick installation;
• select a solid fuel heating boiler based on the possibility of acquiring the necessary fuel;
• fuel loading option and general arrangement heating unit.

Attention ! Remember, solid fuel heating devices are produced only of floor type, therefore, wall mounting is impossible, under no circumstances.

Classic solid fuel boilers

Today, this is the most popular type of heating device. As a rule, such a unit is made of heat-resistant steel or cast iron. Heat is generated during the combustion of fuel. The working process of the boiler is supported by burning wood, peat or heating pellets. Classic solid fuel heating appliances are traditionally used both for heating a room and for providing hot water. Since firewood burns very quickly, it is most often fired with coal. The built-in temperature sensor allows you to maintain the desired degree inside the firebox and adjust the air damper. If the temperature changes its operating value, the damper opens slightly and vice versa.

As practice shows, with one fuel load, given type the heating appliance can work effectively up to six hours. This is a completely autonomous device, its operation does not depend on the presence of gas or electricity in the network.

Modern models of solid fuel boilers are equipped with built-in temperature sensors, a blower fan, and a control panel. All these elements make the control process simple and convenient.

Attention ! You should always remember that coal flares up slowly, but having gained the required degree, it keeps it at this level for a very long time.

Firewood burns very quickly, so do not fill the entire space of the firebox with them at once. This can lead to rapid but short-term heat generation and overheating of the boiler, which is very dangerous.

Solid fuel pyrolysis boilers

The pyrolysis boiler is an example of new technologies and developments. This type of heating device is used in practice, both for heating a room and for heating water. It includes two combustion chambers. In the first compartment, solid fuel burns with an artificially created oxygen deficiency. During the combustion process, special volatile substances are released, which undergo a combustion procedure in the second chamber.

As a rule, the operation of pyrolysis boilers is provided with wood, fuel briquettes, pellets, coal and even coke. It is important to consider the quality of the solid fuel. It must be dry, since if steam enters the second chamber, a situation of interruption of combustion may occur.

Some models have built-in thermostatic regulators air and devices that protect a solid fuel boiler for long burning from boiling. In a situation where the heating device starts to boil, the thermostatic valve will release the water by opening the damper, and as a result, the internal temperature of the boiler will decrease.

Advice ! A pyrolysis solid fuel heating boiler for long burning can be installed in almost any room in which there is a constant flow of air. The chimney is installed both inside and outside the building.

Pellet solid fuel boilers

This model of heating devices is very popular for Europeans. They are usually used for home heating, and for heating running water... Such long-burning solid fuel boilers are fired with pellets (pressed shavings, sawdust).

The main advantages of using this type of heating device are complete autonomy. The combustion temperature is automatically maintained by sensors, and all that is required from a person is to load the fuel boiler on time necessary material... Some models of such boilers have a built-in auger, which will independently send pellets to the firebox. The disadvantage of such a boiler is that other types of fuel can not be used besides pellets.

Attention ! The use of unsuitable, low-quality solid fuels leads to increased consumption of materials and can even lead to the failure of the heating appliance.

Long burning boilers

This version of home heating devices can work effectively on coke, coal, wood, wood chips and even sawdust. Those models of units that are designed exclusively for working on wood are significantly different in the air supply system and materials for the manufacture of the combustion chamber.

Practical experiments have shown that if 45 kg of fuel is loaded into the furnace once, the burning time will be on average thirty-six hours. If the air temperature starts to rise outside, then there is no need to heat the boiler to the maximum. To do this, they simply reduce the boiler power and the fuel burning rate.

The long burning heating device is a new generation boiler. It has good air tightness. Solid fuel in such models burns from the top to the very bottom. This ensures maximum burning time with one load. The fuel does not start burning immediately, but gradually, by 1-2 cm of loading. The air that enters the furnace is warmed up, and then enters the combustion zone with the help of a recuperator.

The air distributor is always located at the level of the solid fuel combustion.

Selection criteria for solid fuel boilers

Having familiarized yourself with the types of solid fuel boilers, it will not be superfluous to find out what criteria you should pay close attention to when making a purchase.

Type of fuel

The very first thing you need to decide on is what fuel the heating device will operate on. Better to leave your choice on a fuel that is easy to buy and deliver home. If there is a possibility of preparing firewood, then the best option will become a solid fuel boiler burning wood. For homeowners who do not have trees in their neighborhood, it is best to purchase a pellet-powered unit. Devices that generate heat from coal are suitable for those who have the opportunity to order and purchase high-quality coal. Long-burning solid fuel boilers operating on sawdust are usually installed in those houses that are located near wood processing facilities.

Heating boiler power

To correctly determine the optimal power for heating your home, you need to carry out not very complicated mathematical calculations. The most important thing is to calculate the indicator of the volume of the room that you need to drink. The result obtained will be the starting point for the exact choice of the future heating boiler.

Advice ! Always consider some power reserve so that in the event of an abnormal low temperatures it was possible to maintain a comfortable air temperature in the house.

Boiler weight

Choosing a long-term combustion heater, its mass will become important indicator especially if wall mounting is planned. According to state standards, wall mounting is permissible only if the volume of heating boilers does not exceed 100 liters.

Loading chamber volume

This is an indicator of the ratio of the volume of solid fuel used and the power of the heating device. The more fuel you can load into the chamber, the less often you will need to replenish the solid fuel supply. For example: the indicator of the volume of the loading chamber for steel heating appliances should be no more than 2.5 l / kW, this indicator for cast iron boilers is 1.4 l / kW. The calculated unit of the volume of the loading chamber helps to roughly estimate the capabilities of the units. After all, you are unlikely to be able to load the boiler to 100%, and knowing exactly what actual amount of firewood can be loaded will be very useful for planning solid fuel reserves.

Solid fuel heating boiler manufacturers

When going shopping, it is better to familiarize yourself with the main manufacturers of solid fuel boilers in advance, so as not to get confused by the abundance of brands and brands on the market.

Let's take a closer look at the best solid fuel boilers for home heating:

1. The Stropuva brand has established itself as a manufacturer of reliable and high-quality long-burning heating devices. The products of this company are distinguished by high efficiency rates and a long service life.
2. Long burning solid fuel boiler Russian production from the company "Ochag" produces heating boilers with built-in heat exchangers. The products of this brand differs in high productivity and quality.
3. The Polish company Wichlacz has established itself on the market as a reliable manufacturer of heating units, the principle of which is based on layer-by-layer combustion of fuel.