Projects of country houses from the construction company Mir Dach. Noisy city life over time begins to tire of its dynamism and speed. But not everyone has the opportunity to go on vacation abroad, or at least to their native sea coast. And, to be honest, modern townspeople rarely find a minute even to go to barbecue in the nearest forest or lake with children. Therefore, for many, a small country garden house becomes a real panacea for the hustle and bustle of the city.

Many of us more than once looked longingly at country houses, photos of which can be found on the pages of fashion magazines or on the Internet and dreamed of getting ourselves this little piece of country happiness. But there is an opinion that no matter how attractive the country houses, the photos of which you looked at, but the reality hits the pocket, making it impossible to realize what you want. Although, these are just excuses, in fact, modern construction companies have long been offering fairly budget projects for country houses designed for middle-class people.

Free drawings and photos of projects of country houses You can look at the company's website. It would seem, why contact a construction company to build country houses, photo projects that can be easily found on the Internet, and even pay fabulous sums for it. You can also download the desired project or program for its development yourself, plan the construction and hire a team of cheap, low-skilled builders. Of course, in the end, you will get your country house. But the question is, what quality will this building be and how much money will you have to spend on materials bought on the advice of the Internet or from a nearby foreman. Therefore, it is better, after all, not to tempt fate and build country house Full construction.

What are the advantages of country houses projects of which are developed by specialized firms with a full-fledged staff of qualified employees.

1. During the development of the project, both the wishes of the future owner of the house and the technical recommendations of the specialist are taken into account. Thus, you can be sure that in the end you will have not only a beautiful country house, the project of which you have approved, but also correctly connected communications, a reliable foundation, etc.
2. Speed ​​of construction. Firms that have been on the construction services market for a long time try to fulfill all the tasks set by the client to the maximum short time. After all, they do not need to look for a store with cheap building materials, transport for their delivery, workers.
3. Guarantees. Large firms are concerned about their reputation in the market and are ready to confirm the quality of their work by giving legal guarantees. Having such paper on hand, it will be much easier for you to prove that mistakes were made during the construction and demand compensation if any.

The garden house is distinguished by its small dimensions. This is due to the fact that most of the plots in collective gardens and SNT are very modest in size. Six acres is a standard allotment, which was provided to almost everyone in Soviet times.

Typical layout of a small country house

Gardens of modern layout boast a larger plot area, however, this land is more often used for growing fruit and vegetable crops, and it is impractical to put on it, which will take up a significant part of the site.

Therefore, the layout of a garden house must meet two criteria: to achieve maximum comfort and functionality with a minimum of space. Appearance also plays an important role, but presence is not at all necessary.

Today, the market presents projects of various garden houses. They are adapted to all types of existing building materials. can be made from:

• bricks;
• piece blocks;
• logs;
• timber;
• on frame-shield technology.

  

  frame house project

  Such a variety of materials allows you to choose the optimal project country house. from piece materials more durable and reliable, but their construction will take a lot of time and cost the owner of the site more. The price will be higher not only due to the use of more expensive materials, but also for the need to equip a solid foundation due to the heavy weight of the entire structure.

  Wooden houses are cheaper and more environmentally friendly. The tree is very organically fit into the atmosphere of the garden. The construction of such a house is possible on cheaper and less labor-intensive foundations, for example, screw piles are suitable.

  If the house will be used not only in summer, but also in winter, then a wooden house is much easier to heat up to optimum temperature than stone.

  A garden house based on frame-panel technology is a fairly new proposal, but it fully justifies itself in this market niche.

  

  Layout of a country house on frame-panel technology

  It is built even faster than, since it does not require a long exposure of the box to shrink the material. You can start installing windows, doors and finishing both internal and facade immediately after the installation of the box and roof is completed. It takes only a month and a half to build such a turnkey structure.

  The cost is also much more attractive than that of houses made of other materials. User characteristics are comparable to a wooden house, but the warranty period is about 25-30 years, which is significantly inferior to stone houses.

  Floors and dimensions of the garden house

  A classic garden house is one with a building spot size not exceeding an area of ​​​​20 square meters. The plan of the house was extremely simple: in such a building there was only one room, and without a vestibule or a dedicated hallway.

  

  Layout of two floors of a country house

  The area was arranged quite chaotically, but most often the house was attended by kitchen table with a minimum set of necessary utensils, a sofa or bed used as a sleeping place. The rest of the space was occupied by gardening tools, supplies, clothes, and seedlings. As a rule, there was no electricity in such houses.

  Today, the requirements for a garden house have changed. Despite the fact that it still remains a small building, in terms of comfort and functionality it should not be inferior to a full-fledged residential building. If it is still considered an unnecessary luxury, although most of the drawings provide for the room, then electricity is a must.

  The vast majority bring water into the house.
  Classic garden house projects offer solutions with a building footprint not exceeding.

  

  Layout option for a small garden house

  More the exception than the rule, and more. This is due to the fact that such a house is very difficult to harmoniously and correctly fit into a small area, without violating the rules for building collective gardens, and also leaving enough space for gardening experiments.

  If it is necessary to increase the available square meters, the building is expanded upwards, that is, or a full-fledged second floor. This doubles the usable area.

  This is the best solution if you often come to the garden and stay overnight or you host your friends and acquaintances here. For the usual needs of a gardener, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bone floor is enough.

  Planning options for garden houses

  The plan of the house will depend on its size, number of storeys, the number of people who use the building regularly, as well as the available communications brought into the house.

  

  Layout of a garden house with a combined living room and kitchen

  The use of electricity is provided for in almost every project, plumbing may not be available, as in some gardens summer outdoor plumbing and showers are practiced. Gas and sewerage are the exception rather than the rule in the layout of such houses. A nice addition may be a small stove or fireplace, which will allow you to comfortably use the garden house even in the cool season or occasionally come to the garden in winter.

  One-room country houses

  This type of layout is typical for very small buildings. The house outside is a regular rectangle, inside - the same shape of the room. The building, depending on the size, can be supplemented with one or two windows. Entry group usually placed on the side of a wide facade. Type of roof at the choice of the customer. It could be and, or it could be. There are even interesting options when the roof drops to the ground, creating the illusion of a hut.

  The most common sizes of such a house are 3x3, 3x4 and 4x4. There are slightly enlarged options 3x5 and 2.5x5.

  If you are going to build such a house, you can even refuse to choose classical technology, and contact specialized companies and choose a ready-made option for yourself. On your site, you can see it in a few days, maximum - in a week. Such a house will be completely ready for living and using.

  
  

  variant of the layout of the garden house 3x3

  Alternatively, the plan of such a house may include a veranda or canopy. In the first version, this is a partially open or glazed unheated space, in the second, it is a dark, completely closed unheated room. Both options involve combining with the porch. For the convenience of planning the area, the entrance from the street is carried out from the end, that is, in the narrow part of the annex.

  
  

  drawing and layout of a 3x4 house with a veranda

  Garden house with two rooms

  Two rooms can be present on the drawing garden house if it measures at least 4 by 4.5 meters. In this case, it is possible to single out a room combined with a dining room and a separate room, which will be a bedroom and a living room at the same time. Such a house can be equipped with a small covered vestibule, where a hanger for outerwear and street shoes is equipped.

  With the dimensions of the house 4x5, two separate rooms can also be distinguished. The plan of such a building may contain up to three windows in a heated residential area.

  
  

  layout option two-story house from a bar 4x5

  The first room is a utility area, it houses the entrance hall, kitchen and dining room. Also, this room will play the role of a vestibule, blocking access to cold outdoor air to the living room. The second room is a living room-bedroom. By the same principle, houses with a 4x6 building spot can be zoned.

  

  Variant of a garden house with two rooms 6x6

Despite the pricing policy economy class garden house projects have big choice. They differ not only in appearance, but also in size and layout. Each square meter such a house is used rationally. And their universal appearance harmoniously fit into any area. Such houses can be designed for both permanent residence, and for recreation only in the warm season. The cost of the latter is significantly reduced due to the lack of insulation, and construction work takes about 10 days. But you need to remember, no matter how relatively simple the project is, the construction of a garden house should be trusted only to professionals.

In the arsenal of a construction company KRAUS there is also a large selection of projects of one-storey garden houses. They've been gaining a lot of popularity lately. And all because in such houses there is no staircase, which can become dangerous for an elderly person or small child. And besides, if the area of ​​​​your suburban area allows you to translate your ideas into reality, why overpay? Indeed, to build a two-story house, much more investment is required. This takes into account a stronger foundation, as well as the fact that the construction of a direct second floor has a completely different price, since it is more difficult to deliver building materials there, and high-altitude work has a completely different tariff.

Another of the latest fashion trends has been the presence of an attic in the house. Such buildings look very beautiful and original. So if you are a person who does not like simple and boring solutions, having an attic in your country house should become prerequisite. Firm KRAUS will bring to your attention projects of garden houses with an attic for every taste. The pricing policy is as diverse as their range. We are sure that by reviewing all our ready-made projects of houses with an attic, you will definitely be able to find the very house that you have been dreaming about for so long. And our team of professional builders will build any turnkey house for you in exactly the right time frame. Call us right now and order the construction of your dream house today.

After acquisition suburban area for giving necessarily becomes topical issue about how to build a country house with your own hands. Well, to build it yourself is quite possible, unless, of course, a huge “palace” is conceived that requires the involvement construction equipment and teams of professionals.

Usually compact buildings are chosen for summer cottages, but, nevertheless, the house must have everything necessary for rest - rooms, kitchen, veranda. The latter will become a favorite place for an evening pastime all family. It is very important to make the country house cozy and comfortable, so you need to think through all the nuances of its arrangement.

The optimal material for summer cottage construction is wood, and the principle of construction is a frame structure.

Of course, the first thing that will need to be done is to decide on the place and size of the building, draw up a project, and plan further work.

Proe kt of a small country house

The size of the future home largely depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe summer cottage, the number of family members and the material capabilities of the owners. If you plan correctly, draw up a successful project and choose an inexpensive, but quality material for construction, you can save space, money and time.

In any case, the first steps are drafting

Most often, a country house has a size of 5.0 × 6.0 or 4.0 × 6.0 m. Buildings of a larger area are erected much less frequently, and, mainly, in those cases when they are planned to be operated year-round. But this is more likely to be not a country house, but a full-fledged country house.

The layout of the house. you may have to carry out on the basis of requirements that may be established by the board of the horticultural partnership, therefore, when purchasing a plot, you need to find out about such nuances in advance. Most often, the following distances are required:

• The house should be installed at a distance of 3 meters from the border of the neighboring site, and from the fence separating the site from the general passage (street) - at 5 meters.
• In order to ensure fire safety, a stone house is placed at a distance of at least six meters from another stone structure, and ten meters from a wooden one. If the house is wooden, then it should be installed at a distance of no closer than 15 meters from another wooden structure.
• So that the house does not cover neighboring buildings from sunlight, if it is placed on the eastern, southern or western side of the site, it is located at a distance from another residential building, at least equal to its height.

Usually, the highest is chosen for the installation of a country house. place in the area where water will not collect when snow melts or from heavy rains. high humidity under the house will never benefit any building material, but it will always negatively affect the overall strength and durability of the structure.

Most often for building country houses choose the following technologies for its construction: frame-panel construction, log cabins, walls made of blocks or bricks.

For summer cottages, projects of one-story houses with closed or open verandas or terraces are mainly chosen. Often the building has an attic used to store garden tools and other things that seem unnecessary in everyday life, but which can always come in handy in the country. However, it also happens that in some projects there are no attic floor beams at all, and then the roof slopes also play the role of a ceiling.

If the family is large, and the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe plot is not as large as we would like, then you can plan two-storey house, which takes up very little space at the base. In this case, the first floor can be given over to the living room, terrace and kitchen, and on the second floor - to arrange cozy sleeping places for the whole family.

Not necessarily in a country house, to build a full-fledged second floor, since an attic superstructure can perfectly fulfill its role. Finishing her natural materials, there you can create a wonderful healthy country atmosphere.

Country houses are mainly used in the warm season, starting with the arrival of spring and ending in autumn. Therefore, they do not require enhanced insulation of walls and roofs, but devices for space heating should still be provided - in case of cold nights or a drop in temperature during unstable weather. Usually, electrical appliances are used as heaters, for example, convectors or infrared film emitters, but sometimes owners even prefer to install fireplaces or cast-iron heating and cooking stoves.

By the way, if you are planning to build a real fireplace or brick oven, then they must be included in the draft project.

There are also ready-made options for country houses, which are sold as a set in disassembled form, which you just need to deliver to the site and assemble. Any such set of parts must be accompanied detailed instructions, which set out the procedure for carrying out work, the main technological methods and connection diagrams individual elements and nodes.

For land owner, who has basic construction skills, it will not be difficult to assemble such a country house on your own. The main advantage of this option can be called the fact that often the kit already includes everything you need to electrical network buildings, for ventilation system and even for plumbing.

Video: a small, neat country house that lives up to its name

What type of house to choose?

Having decided on a rough plan for the future house, you need to choose the material for its construction. Not only the type of the building itself will depend on this choice, but also the comfort of staying in it, as well as the costs of its construction.

• The traditional material for a country house is wood, which will create a favorable microclimate in it, filling it with the smells of the forest. A wooden house can be built in a frame way, from timber or logs. The disadvantage of wooden buildings is the high fire hazard of the material.

However, wooden houses have always been built, and many of them have stood for centuries. Today, special fire-retardant impregnations are on sale, which significantly reduce the risk of fire in wooden buildings. And in general - the most important thing here is not the material, but the human factor - precisely the neglect of elementary requirements by people fire safety In the vast majority of cases, it causes a fire.

• The construction of a brick structure will cost much more, but it can with great reason be called a full-fledged house, which can be used not only in summer period, but also, if necessary, in winter, if you install a stove in it. Brick buildings are much less prone to fire and, with high-quality masonry, will last a very long time. long term. Their disadvantages include more complex and long process from construction, requiring special skills, and the high price of materials.

• Very often when building a country house are used different materials. For example, a house is built of wood, but on a foundation of concrete, brick or blocks.

This option can be called optimal, since the foundation of moisture-resistant materials will create optimal conditions for the construction of wood walls, thus becoming a reliable foundation for the house.

It is this last option that is worth considering, since it is the most popular of all types of country houses.

Stages of building a country house

Materials for building a country house

If there is no desire to mess with the calculations, then it is better to purchase a team finished model a house that has a certain area, for which it will only be necessary to prepare a place.

In all other cases, you will need to purchase building materials. Their appearance, size, volume, total- all depending on the size of the planned building, which is determined by the project.

foundation material

For any type of foundation you will need the following materials:

- sand, gravel, cement;

- third-rate board and timber for formwork;

- brick or concrete blocks;

- waterproofing material (roofing material);

- expanded clay of the middle fraction.

Wall and roof material

Since wood was chosen for the construction of walls, then, based on this, other materials will be selected:

- bars and boards different sizes, depending on the design parameters;

- fasteners - nails, screws, bolts, studs;

- corners of different configurations, metal plates- for fastening knots;

- vapor barrier film;

- insulation - mineral wool, ecowool or expanded clay;

- to cover the roof, it is better to choose a light material - ondulin or corrugated board.

After the installation site of the future house is determined, the materials are purchased, you can proceed to the arrangement of the foundation. True, to begin with, you still have to decide on its type.

The foundation of a country house

Even when building such a small and light building as a wooden country house, you can’t do without a foundation. In the case under consideration, one of two types is ideally suited for this purpose - this is a columnar and strip foundation. Which one to choose depends on the preferences of the builder.

• The columnar foundation will be a less expensive option, as it will allow you to seriously save on building materials. In addition, such a foundation can be completed independently, without outside help, which will also save some money.

How to build correctly, you can find out with all the details by following this link to the corresponding page of our portal.

• To create a strip foundation, you will need not only more materials, but also a fairly long time. This is not surprising - a trench will need to be dug around the entire perimeter of the future house, waterproof it, install the reinforcing structure, build the formwork and fill the pit with concrete. And after that, whether you like it or not, it will also take a month until the filled tape completely solidifies and it gains brand strength.

However, the strip foundation is still very popular among individual developers. This option is convenient in that it allows you to make basement, however, for this, the foundation walls will have to be raised above the soil surface by 700 ÷ 800 mm. described in detail in the article, which can be found on our portal by clicking on the link provided.

If selected columnar foundation, then it is recommended to remove the upper layer soil by 150 ÷ ​​200 mm. Then fill in the resulting pit with a layer of sand of 30 ÷ 40 mm, which should be compacted. A layer is laid on top of the sand cushion medium fraction crushed stone and is also compacted, and the remaining space must be covered with expanded clay of the middle fraction. All these procedures are done so that small rodents cannot get close to the house. They do not tolerate expanded clay (especially small ones), as it contains a large number of dust and has a loose surface.

Expanded clay of fine fraction - an excellent remedy for rodents

To protect the house from the penetration of large rodents or other uninvited guests from the animal world, it is advisable to close the space under the house metal mesh with cells no larger than 10 mm.

Construction of a frame structure

For a country house optimal choice- frame construction

The frame house can be placed both on a columnar and on a strip foundation. Construction always starts from the foundation, which must be securely waterproofed two or three layers of laid roofing material.

• If the project provides for a veranda, you must immediately separate its zone, over which a roof will be erected, but there will be no solid walls. To support the roof over the veranda, you can use the racks of the general frame of the walls. Another option - veranda will be attached to the house separately.
• All without exception wooden blanks must be treated with antiseptic compounds and flame retardants. These impregnations will increase the resistance of wood to fire, to decay, will prevent the appearance of nests of insects or colonies of representatives of microflora - mold or fungus.

• After the blanks have been properly prepared and completely dry, during construction, the lower frame (crown) is first made, which will be laid on the foundation and will subsequently be used to mount the floor.

For the floor to be reliable, for the frame it is necessary to take high-quality bars of the desired section. If funds allow, it is better to choose wooden elements not along the “lower limit” of dimensions, but by laying a certain margin in their cross section.

The table shows optimal dimensions timber for a frame house:

• The support beams of the frame are mounted on coronal bars located along the perimeter of the foundation, at a distance of 600 ÷ 700 mm from each other. They are fixed with the help of corners or by tie-in. If the elements are large in cross section, they can additionally be fastened with metal brackets.

• When the lower trim with support beams is ready, wall frames are made. They can be assembled separately, and then, in finished form, are lifted and fixed to the frame strapping bars.

Another option is to lift the frame directly in place. For example, if a house is being built on its own, without assistants, then it will be very difficult to lift the finished frame from the shade alone to the height of the strapping, set it evenly and temporarily, until it is finally fixed, fix it. And this means that each of the bars will have to be set separately.

• The size of the bars for the racks of the wall frame should be at least 100 × 100 mm, but it can also be mounted from boards with a cross section of at least 50 × 150 mm.

The bars are fixed to the lower harness with the help of powerful corners that are able to keep them in a vertical position. It is best to use not nails, but a self-tapping screw for fastening - the difference in price is not so significant, but the quality and reliability of the assembly is incomparably higher.

• When installing vertical racks, you must immediately mark the location of the openings for windows and doors. It is best to leave the area where they should be installed in the frame free, and install the part of the wall with the window opening separately.

Then, when the upper strapping bar is installed and fixed on all other vertical racks, the section with the window opening is fixed in the place left for it.

• All four walls are assembled in the same way. At the corners, the side posts are fastened together with corners, or instead of two separate ones, one common corner post is mounted. It is recommended to support it with diagonal braces on both sides - they will stiffen the entire wall structure.

• The doorway is equipped in the frame immediately. It is reinforced with an additional rack, since the hinged door has a certain weight, which must be calmly supported by both the reinforced opening and the entire wall frame.

• If you plan to sheathe the frame with outside clapboard, then the next step is to carry out this event. Sheathing will give the structure additional rigidity, which will allow you to continue the installation of the attic floor and truss system roofs.

The installation of the floor can be carried out immediately after the outer wall cladding, but only if the roof is covered with a roof on the same day. It is highly undesirable for a freshly laid floor covering to get wet if it suddenly rains at night. Therefore, it is better to solve the issue with the roof first, and then calmly deal with all other construction activities inside the house.

Roof construction and roofing

Types of truss systems

A few words need to be said about the types of truss systems, since, going to the construction of the roof, you must have general idea about it, to know which design is better to choose.

Rafter systems are of two types - hanging and layered.

Hanging system

The hanging truss system is distinguished by the fact that it is arranged only on external load-bearing walls and does not have other supports. It is perfect for erecting over a small country house. In order to ease the burden on wooden walls and on the foundation hanging rafters fastened with a tie.

The hanging structure itself consists of a transverse beam, which also performs an overlapping function, and can simultaneously be a frame for filing the ceiling, as well as rafter legs that form the roof slopes.

Layered system

The layered system is installed if the house, in addition to external walls, has internal capital partitions that will become additional points of support. Such a scheme can also be used in the construction of the roof of a country house, if it has large area and its rooms are separated by walls built on foundations.

With this system, the load on the load-bearing side walls becomes weaker, so fewer retaining elements can be used. It is great for attic structures that will be used as living quarters.

floor beams

An important structural element - floor beams

The beams are laid exactly above the vertical posts of the wall frame. In order for them to fit snugly on the upper strapping belt, grooves are cut at their edges. The size of the grooves can be calculated based on the formula shown in the figure.

Beams are fixed to the frame structure of the walls with nails or self-tapping screws, and in addition they are sometimes fixed on both sides with metal corners.

Having completed the installation of the overlapping beams, you can proceed to building the roof truss system. For safety reasons, temporary boarding is laid on the floor beams to ensure the comfort of moving along the attic plane during the installation of rafters.

Installation of the truss system

The roof truss system can be mounted using a different sequence of fixing its elements:

• First option. It is necessary to fasten the extreme pairs of rafter legs on the ground, then raise them to the harness and install them ready-made on the gable walls of the house. And then connect them with a ridge beam, and already mount the remaining pairs of rafters on it.
• Second option. To begin with, install the middle racks along the gables, then fasten them with a ridge bar or board, on which the rafters are then attached.
• Third option. In this case, pairs of rafter legs in their upper part are fastened together with a ridge pad, and their lower side is fixed on the wall trim, which in this embodiment will act as a Mauerlat.

The cross section of the beams or logs used for the rafter legs must be strictly maintained - depending on the rafter length between two fulcrum, and depending on the step between adjacent pairs of rafters

Maximum allowable length rafter leg(in mm)	Rafter spacing (in mm)
	1100		1400		1750		2100
	Section of the rafter leg (in mm)
	bars with a section	logs Ø	bars with a section	logs Ø	bars with a section	logs Ø	bars with a section	logs Ø
up to 3000	80×100	100	80×100	130	90×100	150	90×160	160
up to 3600	80×130	130	80×160	160	80×180	180	90×180	180
up to 4300	80×160	160	80×180	180	90×180	180	100×200	200
up to 5000	80×180	180	80×200	200	100×200	200	-	-
up to 5800	80×200	200	100×200	200	-	-	-	-
up to 6500	100×200	200	120×220	240	-	-	-	-

It should be noted that the rafter attachment point in its lower part will depend on the angle at which they are fastened on the ridge and how long they are.

If the rafter has a sufficiently long length and protrudes beyond the bearing walls, then a notch is cut out on it, with which it will be installed on the strapping beam (Mauerlat). An example of such a cut is shown in the picture:

If the rafter ends at the edge of the load-bearing wall, then its lower edge is cut off at a right angle with respect to the Mauerlat, and the leg itself can be fixed on it using a special mounting plate, sliding support, corner, bracket, nails or long self-tapping screws.

If the house is very small, then after fixing the rafters on the strapping, tying them with a ridge beam or board, you most likely will not have to install additional retaining elements.

Detailed information about the exact one can be obtained from a special publication of our portal by clicking on the recommended link:

For the installation of additional, reinforcing elements of the truss system, the material can be selected in accordance with the recommendations indicated in the table:

Roofing system

After the rafters and additional elements form the slopes of the roof, you can proceed to the installation of the subsystem for roofing.

• The first thing that needs to be done from the outside of the roof, after installing the rafters, is to lay a vapor barrier film, securing it first with brackets, and then with counter-lattice strips on the rafters.

The film is laid perpendicular to the rafters, starting from the lower, eaves of the roof. The overlap between two adjacent strips must be at least 200 mm.

• The main crate is mounted perpendicular to the counter-lattice, on which the roofing material will be attached. The installation step of the guides depends on the type and size of the roofing material sheets.

If, however, a soft roof is chosen to cover the roof, then instead of the laths of the lathing, the slopes are covered with a solid one - with plywood, and then with waterproofing sheets of roofing material, which overlaps by 150 ÷ ​​200 mm and is glued together with bituminous mastic. Another option is to use soft bituminous decorative tiles, which are laid using a similar technology.

• For wooden houses, the following roofing materials are most often used (depending on the steepness of the roof slope).
  

• On the prepared base, the selected roofing material is laid and fixed. Work starts from the cornice, and if the first row is laid from right to left, then all other rows are mounted in the same way.

Some types of roofing materials have a strictly specified installation scheme in the direction, which cannot be changed. This must be indicated in the instructions attached to them.

Also, for any type of sheet roofing materials, the amount of overlap in the direction of the slope (usually 150 ÷ ​​200 mm), and the number of waves (relief protrusions) in the horizontal direction, along the roof, is determined.

• Almost all roofing materials are fixed on the crate with the help of special nails or self-tapping screws with waterproofing gaskets.

• It is very important to choose and fix the ridge elements of the roof correctly, otherwise it will leak at the first rain. Usually the ridge element is selected from the same material as the covering of the roof slopes.
• Next, finishing eaves overhang roofs - this can be done with wooden or plastic clapboard. Sometimes special plastic elements - soffits - are used for these purposes.

• Then, elements of the roof drainage system are installed on the windboard - funnels, gutters on brackets, pipes, etc.

• Further, the gable sides of the truss system are sheathed. Most often, a wooden or plastic lining or even planed boards.

For lining along the perimeter of the gable triangle, a special profile is fixed, into which panels prepared and cut at the right angle will be installed. Installation is usually carried out symmetrically - from the middle rack to one and then the other side - then the skin will turn out to be even and neat.

By the way, to mount the lining, Moreover, you can horizontally, herringbone or come up with a more complex pattern.

Detailed information about the technology can be found in the article posted on our website by clicking on link.

Now, having finished the external roofing and being sure that the rain will no longer get inside the country house, you can proceed to the installation of windows and doors, insulation, flooring and wall cladding.

Installation of windows and doors

• Window frames are mounted in the frame openings left for them, set according to the level. For preliminary fixation, when the frame is set, spacers made of wooden bars or slats are installed between it and the bars of the opening.

Then, after checking the correct installation, the frames are attached to the wall frame with metal strips. The remaining gaps between the frame and frame bars are filled with mounting foam. After it dries, the excess is cut off, and platbands are installed around the windows on the outside of the wall, which will close the unsightly appearance of the gaps and give accuracy general view house.

• The installation of the door is best done together with the door frame, if it has sufficient rigidity. This will make it much easier to align the entire structure to the level in the doorway of the wall.

The door is best installed as a block - together with the frame and leaf

Exposing the door frame, if necessary, to achieve a clear vertical position, enclose wedges (inserts) from wooden slats. Is fixed door frame to the frame in the same way as window frames, using metal strips, and the gap is filled with mounting foam.

Having installed windows and doors in all, you can proceed to the installation of the floor.

Installation and floor insulation

To begin with, the temporary flooring from the boards (if there was one) is removed from the lower frame, and then you need to install the subfloor.

• To do this, on the frame bearing beams cranial bars are nailed or screwed. They are necessary for laying transverse subfloor boards on them.

• Further, boards sawn exactly to size are laid on the cranial bars, or plywood 8 ÷ 10 mm thick - this flooring will serve as a subfloor.
• From above, the laid subfloor is closed hydro- paro— insulating film, which should cover both the load-bearing beams and the entire floor plane. Individual sheets of material are overlapped (by 150 ÷ ​​200 mm) and glued at the joints with waterproof tape.

• Further, insulating material is laid or poured on the vapor barrier film. If there is no desire to have rodents as neighbors who like to settle under the floor, then it is better to use expanded clay of medium or small fraction, or ecowool, to insulate the floor - these toothy pests simply do not live in such materials.

• On top of the insulation, another layer of film membrane is laid, which is nailed to the supporting beams with brackets. The laying principle is exactly the same as on the subfloor.

With the floor - finished!

• Then the whole structure is covered with thick plywood or wooden floorboards.

Measures for additional thermal insulation

When the floor is completely ready, the walls of the house are insulated and sheathed from the inside. If the building will be used only in the warm season, then the insulation will still not hurt - it will work as an insulator of the premises from heating in extreme heat. Therefore, it is recommended to lay a thermal insulation layer not only in the walls, but also in the ceiling, and if it is absent, place the insulation along the inner slopes of the roof.

• First, vapor barrier material is fixed to all walls and ceiling beams. Then the ceiling is sheathed with clapboard, plywood or drywall.
• After covering the ceiling, the walls are insulated. At the same time, insulation mats are laid between the racks of the frame. It is necessary to make sure that the mats stand as tightly as possible with an emphasis on the bars of the wall frame, so that there are no gaps left.

That is why mineral wool is most often used as a heater - after dense laying between the racks, it will straighten out, completely filling the entire space. The material is usually selected so that the thickness of the mats and the thickness of the frame posts are the same.

• After that, all walls are again tightened with a vapor barrier film.

• The next step is wall cladding. wooden clapboard, plywood or drywall. The latter, with subsequent decorative trim walls, can be painted water-based paint or covered with wallpaper.

• Next, insulate attic floor, there is a heater - it fits between the floor beams.

If the ceiling is sheathed from the side of the house with drywall or clapboard, then we must not forget that it is impossible to step on it, since the sheathing will not support the weight of a person. It is necessary to move carefully along the floor beams.

• In the event that the attic is planned to be used for storing various garden accessories, then on top of the insulation on the floor beams, it is necessary to fix the flooring from boards or plywood with a thickness of at least 10 mm.
• The finishing touches of the interior decoration will be the installation of platbands on windows and doors, ceiling and floor plinths and closing corners with fittings.

Extensions to the house

The last stages of arranging a country house are installation work on the veranda and on the porch.

If space is left in advance for the veranda on the frame lying on the foundation, then a board is laid on this space to cover the floor (material for open areas is used), a fence is installed and a canopy is mounted.

If the foundation is raised high enough above the ground, then a porch is also attached to the veranda.

Building a country house with your own hands is a completely doable task, but it will be quite difficult to manage without helpers. Therefore, it is best to seek help from knowing master who has experience in similar work will always give useful advice and will show how certain nodes are correctly mounted in the construction of the house. You can "mobilize" relatives and friends - it is possible that a knowledgeable person will be among them.

Video: construction of a country house using frame technology

Foreword

For some, developers build suburban housing or even bring a finished change house on a loading platform, other owners prefer to do everything with their own hands, both projects of small country houses and the residential buildings themselves.

At the heart of everything that concerns the construction of housing, is the desire of the future homeowner to surround himself with comfort. That is why any idea of ​​building a new country cottage, country or for permanent residence in it, begins with the layout of the premises. Finishing, wall insulation and the choice of material for the roof are considered in the second and third stages. So where is the best place to start planning room layouts? Consider all the factors that need to be considered.

First of all, the future building must be oriented to the cardinal points. Do you want the sun to peek through your windows at sunrise, or do you prefer watching sunsets before bed? Take pictures from the intended location of the house and look at the photo for what the views from the windows will be like. And also think, maybe it is better to place the bedroom on the shady side? It is useful to remember where squalls usually come from in your area, living rooms it is better to equip on the leeward side, in order to avoid drafts and cooling the premises in winter. But let's be consistent.

We take a sheet of paper and schematically, even in circles, mark the location of the premises. It is better to orient the front door, and hence the hallway, towards the gate or gate in the fence that encloses the site. Next, we recall which rooms are needed on the first floor. First of all, it will be a living room, which can be planned to the right or left of the hallway, that is, if the porch faces south, then the windows of the hall will face sunrise or sunset. However, nothing prevents the living room from being located in the depths of the house, so that its windows face the opposite side of the front door.

Also on the ground floor can be located an office, small bedroom, a library or a billiard room (or both in the same room) and, of course, a kitchen. The dining room can be combined with the living room, or you can make the kitchen block more spacious and put dinner table there. Don't forget about the utility rooms, in particular, the laundry room and pantry, although both are easy to combine with the bathroom, which must also be on the ground floor.. It is useful to make a boiler room near it.

Of course, it is not at all necessary to try to place all of the listed premises in the house with a complete list, it is quite enough that on the ground floor there is small kitchen with a pantry, combined with a living room, partially taken out to the terrace, as well as a tiny study and a bathroom. That is, focus on the building area, which can be limited to 6x6 meters. In such a space, you are unlikely to fit more than 2-3 spacious, or 4 tiny rooms. If you want more, you might want to think about the basement.

So, you have drawn a sketch, perhaps even a full-fledged house plan with an attic. And what to do with it? Carry to the design office if you are ready for big expenses and have an unlimited budget allocated for development. Individual architectural projects they are quite expensive, especially considering the wishes of future homeowners, because specialists need to take into account a lot of subtleties so that the country house does not take shape in an hour, like a card house. Often, sketches of customers are repeatedly disputed, because where there should be bearing wall, the owners sometimes think of a through fireplace.

It is much more convenient and, of course, cheaper to try to choose a similar option according to the plan you have drawn, considering typical projects of small country houses. The advantage of this approach is that you immediately see the photo of the building, which should be the result. In addition, there is no need to spend finances on project development, and when choosing a frame or panel house with an attic, thanks to factory production wall panels construction is greatly simplified. And there is no reason to regret that the building will be typical, today there are so many ready-made projects that, quite possibly, there will not be a similar house for tens of kilometers around.

When building a dacha with their own hands, everyone tries to save at least something, so that there are funds for planting, and so that the family does not lack money. Perhaps the most budgetary solution would be an adobe hut, unless, of course, someone is satisfied with rest in a shed. From adobe, you can also fold a full-fledged house with dimensions of 6x6, and one that will ask for a photo. But this requires, firstly, skill, and secondly, again, a project worked out by specialists is needed, and there are very few professionals qualified in adobe construction. So let's look at other options.

From available designs First of all, it is worth mentioning typical panel houses. They are produced in factories, immediately completing all necessary details including framing timber and wall, floor and ceiling panels. The cost can be even lower only for a change house, which is also assembled right on the site from ready-made elements, and it may take only one day to install it. These 2 types of buildings differ in durability, which is much higher for frame-panel houses, and comfort, which is a little more for change houses than for utility blocks. There is one more difference: there are often projects of frame country houses with an attic.

A more expensive, but still quite budgetary type of housing is a log cabin or a house made of timber, including glued. Of course, not every owner of a suburban area can afford to buy fifty logs, but still, saving money for a couple of years or taking a loan, it is quite possible to start a grandiose construction. Temporarily, you can put a change house in the country. The advantage of log or timber housing is undeniable when it comes to reliability and durability. If a frame house if it stays idle for 50 years, then a log cabin will last a century.

And, finally, the construction of stone is the most expensive, taking the most time. Even with dimensions of 6x6, it is difficult to build such a country house with your own hands; projects require the participation of specialists. And the main difficulty, as well as the main difference, is that stone house a powerful deep foundation is required, which the above types do not need. This alone greatly increases the cost of construction. The laying of building blocks, in turn, requires much more man-hours than raising the crowns in a log house or assembling the frame of a panel house with an attic.

By purchasing a kit for a frame cottage, it is not at all necessary to pay for its assembly by specialists; detailed diagram assembly, that is, everything can be done by hand.

Unusual projects of country garden houses - we make a sketch from a photo

Each owner of a suburban area wants to decorate it, not only with flowers and gazebos, but also with a residential building. Therefore, it is not at all necessary to consider typical projects and put an ordinary 6x6 box under gable roof with attic. There are many extremely unusual houses in the world, and you may have seen one and taken a picture as a keepsake. Well, take a photo as a basis and make something similar with your own hands, adding something of your own.