The variety of roofs misleads the layman inexperienced in construction.

Considering the options for roofs, it is difficult to determine what exactly is needed for the future structure, which one is advisable to build in a particular case.

In addition, I want the roof to be not only beautiful, but also strong, durable, and meet all the requirements. A variety of designs allows architectural designers to translate all the most unpredictable projects into reality.

There are various types of roofs of private houses, we will talk about them now.

Shed roof is a rectangular plane, based on opposite load-bearing walls.

Single pitched roof is:

• ventilated;
• unventilated.

Design features

Directly depends on the slope. Since the slope of the structure is affected not only by the finish coating, but by the peculiarity of climatic conditions, then all these values ​​should be correctly calculated.

An important indicator for the design of any roof is also the total load.

Slope angle

It directly depends on the coating material: coatings are distinguished by their ability to retain snow precipitation.

It is recommended to choose materials for covering a shed roof based on their ability to self-clean from snow.

In addition, depending on the natural features, in places where winds prevail, the area is not sufficiently protected by trees, it is recommended to change the slope angle.

Shed roof truss system options

FROM truss roof structure with one slope can be:

• sliding;
• layered;
• hanging.

It is most often performed from wooden elements for various purposes.

Shed roof truss system

Mounting Features

Installation of a shed truss structure is carried out on a Mauerlat.

If a hanging-type frame is being installed, then a farm is first made on the ground. According to a given template, the entire structure is made.

The roof can be equipped with an insulation system. To do this, mount the elements necessary for a warm roof.

The final covering of the roof is a protective covering material.

Advantages and disadvantages of a pitched roof

Despite the ease of installation, the simplicity of the design, the shed system has its own characteristics.

Advantages:

• Inexpensive construction;
• ease of installation;
• resistance to strong winds.

Repair work during operation on pitched roof not difficult to produce, not too expensive.

Flaws:

• Need for snow removal
• low height of the attic space. The advantages of this type are in strength and reliability in terms of resistance to the vagaries of the weather.

shed roof

gable roof

The design, which consists of two slopes, is called gable.

Gable structures can be classified according to the location of the slopes:

• symmetrical;
• asymmetric;
• broken lines;
• multi-level;
• double-sided with a skate on a slope.

In addition, other configurations of gable roofs can be designed: broken from one slope, double broken, with elongated peaks or extensions.

Design options

Particular attention is paid to the load.

Besides, the angle of inclination is important in accordance with the coating.

Quite simple, with the correct determination of all indicators (angle, roof load, natural load), the roof will be reliable and durable.

Tilt angle

The average amount of snowfall in the region is taken into account when calculating the roof load. Besides, the strength of the wind currents affects the slope of the slope.

With a different slope for different materials, a certain one corresponds. For all materials, their indicators.

truss system

It can have a layered structure, hanging, combined.

The roof structure option is selected based on the span between the outer walls. In addition to truss beams, the structural elements of the truss system are: ridge, mauerlat, crossbar, puffs, and other elements.

Each of the additional elements distributes the load, fixes or strengthens the more vulnerable parts of the structure.

Gable roof truss system

Mounting

When installing a gable roof you need to follow the basic steps:

• Install beams;
• fix the crate;
• install roofing.

In the case of lengthening the rafter legs, additional rails are mounted under the overhang.

Advantages and disadvantages

A gable roof is the most common roofing model.

This is due to the advantage of this design:

• The possibility of arranging an attic;
• there is no need to independently clean the coating from snow;
• simple project;
• variety of coatings.

Flaws:

• The dependence of the roof height on the span;
• when arranging an attic space, additional reinforcement of the structure and arrangement of window systems and heating elements are required.

A gable roof is not the most complex structure, and when fully equipped, it is the most in demand.

Gable roof

hip roof

It is a quadruple structure. The slopes are made up of triangles and trapezoids.

A modified design of the hip system is called semi-hip. There are Dutch and Danish half hip designs.

Design features

The project has rather painstaking calculations, since the design itself is not simple.

Particular attention should be paid to the points:

• calculate each slope separately;
• correctly calculate the length of the rafters and the ridge;
• take into account the area of ​​​​windows and chimneys;
• correctly calculate the load.

ATTENTION!

The same material should be used for the frame and the ridge beam. This feature must be taken into account in the project.

The cost of the project should include additional elements and additional details for the arrangement of the roof.

Slope angle

The slope angle is affected by wind and snow. This type of structure can be arranged at an angle of 5° to 60°. The dependence on natural indicators is directly proportional.

It should be remembered about the features of laying roofing: the recommended indicators of each coating directly depend on the angle of the slope.

In addition to the main rafter legs, it consists of their elements: Mauerlat, ridge, slanted legs, and other important parts that provide strength, participate in the distribution of the load.

Hip roof truss system

Mounting Features

Includes elements fastening sequence:

• Mauerlat;
• beams;
• racks;
• sloping legs. Further, in order, other elements are installed, including the crate.

Pros and cons

Hip structures in addition to a presentable appearance and structural strength has a number of advantages:

• the slope of the ribs reduces the wind load;
• due to the design features, the area increases, which positively affects heat transfer.

The disadvantages of a hip roof are its complexity and cost..

hip roof

Mansard (broken) roof

This is a type of construction in which the slopes have a refraction with a change in the angle of the slope of the slope.

Broken mansard roof can have from two to four slopes.

It happens layered and hanging.

The schematic structure of the attic can be in the form:

• Square;
• rectangle;
• a combined figure combining a triangle and a square.

The most common type of broken structure is a gable roof.

Design options

At should follow the requirements provided during installation:

• A roof height of at least 2.2 m should be designed;
• choose materials that are smaller in mass;
• take into account struts and puffs due to the length of the rafters.

A sloping roof provides for the arrangement of an attic, so it is advisable to use high-quality materials for insulation and providing the roof with air exchange.

Tilt angle

In calculating the slope angle, it is necessary to build on the height of the attic.

• Influence of atmospheric influences;
• type of roofing.

The best option for a broken roof with an attic is a project in which the upper slopes are located at an angle of 30 °, and the lower ones at an angle of 60 °.

truss system

In attic structures, the frame is equipped with elements:

• Mauerlat;
• beams;
• frame racks;
• runs. These and other elements create a solid foundation for arranging the attic.

Mansard roof truss system

Mounting

When installing the rafter base, one part of the frame is made, starting with racks and layered rafters, and then, like it, all the rest.

After mounting all the elements, they are fastened with girders.

Advantages and disadvantages

The main advantage of a sloping roof is the arrangement of an additional room.

Among the disadvantages of a sloping roof is its cost., since this consumes a lot of materials for insulation, the arrangement of special windows is not a cheap pleasure.

But the costs of arranging an attic cannot exceed the construction of an additional extension or an increase in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house.

mansard roof

Flat roof

A structure that is a plane lying on the load-bearing walls of a structure. Such a system does not have an attic space.

They can be operated and non-operated.

Besides, Depending on the characteristics of the coating, flat systems can be divided into:

• inversion;
• green;
• breathable.

All of them have their own characteristics.

Design features

At the stage design it is necessary to correctly calculate the load of the snow cover, as well as all the materials used, and take into account the drainage system.

Slope angle

The roof must have the necessary. Its angle is up to 5°. This feature contributes to high-quality drainage.

Rafter Location Options

The flat roof frame provides for the following elements:

• Mauerlat;
• support bars;
• plywood or OSB flooring.

Flat roof truss system

Mounting

It is important to organize the arrangement of drains. Attention should be paid to the operating system: it is important to choose the right type of floor and the right layers to ensure a favorable microclimate.

Advantages and disadvantages

A flat roof is positively characterized by price, low labor costs, and the possibility of arranging additional recreation areas is a productive distribution of space.

The disadvantages are: accumulation of snow, inability to determine the condition of the roofing pie, the need to equip an internal water drain system.

Flat roof

Hip roof

It is a system of triangular slopes connected at one vertex.

According to the features of the frame structure, hipped roofs can be layered and hanging. In addition, tent structures are still of other types.

Design options

The main directions of designing a tent system are:

• Calculation of the slope angle;
• choice of roofing;
• calculation of the height of the ridge connection.

An important step is the calculation of the load on the truss structure. If insulation is assumed, the load of the layers of the cake is calculated.

Tilt angle

The slope of the slopes directly depends on the type of roofing and climatic conditions. Slope reduction should be done with the predominance of strong winds at the building site.

truss system

The elements of the hip roof truss system are:

• Mauerlat;
• floor beams;
• sloping boards;
  puffs;
• supports.

These and other elements together provide strength and stability of the frame.

Hip roof truss system

Mounting Features

The installation of the tent system involves the arrangement of the truss system and the laying of the insulation system for the roof.

The rafter system should be erected before mounting the ceiling of the building.

Installation of the truss system begins with the installation of a mauerlat or strapping. Next, the system is gradually erected, starting with rafter boards, mounting racks, other elements, ending with trusses and struts.

Advantages and disadvantages

The attractiveness of a hipped roof makes you forget about its shortcomings. The disadvantages are the small area for the attic and the complexity of installation.. Plus are the aerodynamic properties and strength of the system.

hipped roof

Multi-gable roof

The complex structure of a multi-gable roof consists of many parts, ledges, and elements. Perhaps one of the most complex designs.

They are determined by a combination of certain types of roofs, assembled together. Roof corners can be pointed or hip.

Design options

A difficult task to develop a project, especially if the roof elements have a different configuration. In this case, each element should be calculated separately.

Particular attention should be paid to the truss system.

• Use lightweight materials;
• do not save on waterproofing;
• take care of high-quality bars for rafters.

The complexity of the project lies in planning the arrangement of window systems.

The design itself is the covering of the attic of the house, so it is strong enough practically unaffected by the weather.

Rafter Location

The stage of erection of a multi-gable system is the most difficult stage. Each part must be installed separately.. For rafters, you should choose only high-quality wood.

The basic part of the design is the Mauerlat. The rest of the structural elements are attached to it: rafter legs, reinforcing beams and supports.

Multi-gable roof truss system

Mounting Features

In addition to the complexity of mounting the roof frame, the multi-gable system has a weak point, which should be properly protected from moisture: this is the angle of connection of the slopes.

Pros and cons

The advantage of a multi-gable roof is originality, attractiveness. But such beauty should be paid in full: the equipment of such a system is an expensive pleasure.

Multi-gable roof

conical roof

The design of a conical roof has the shape of a cone. A rather rare type of roofing, since the arrangement of such systems is carried out on round-shaped houses.

Cone-shaped roofs can be full and incomplete.

Design options

Most often, conical shapes serve as decoration.. They do not carry a functional load. You need to know the diameter of the base of the cone, the length of the slope. When calculating the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe cone, the amount of materials needed is determined.

Slope angle

The slope angle of a cone-shaped roof is calculated using the tangent formula. In this case, it is necessary to know the height of the cone and the length of the rafter leg.

truss system

The conical roof frame system is a hanging fan type. Use additional elements: beams, braces, crate, additional bars.

Conical roof truss system

Mounting

Installation is carried out by laying the rafter legs in the form of a fan. They rely on runs, as well as a ring element at the top. The base is Mauerlat. Further, the base is assembled in a certain way with the help of additional elements.

CAREFULLY!

Boards as crates are not suitable for the cone type. In this case, flexible types of PVC pipes are mounted.

Advantages and disadvantages

Resistance to any weather phenomena is one of the advantages of a cone roof. Increased strength, originality - the undoubted advantage of this type of roof.

The complexity of installation, the high consumption of materials, the inability to install an attic due to the lack of windows allows you to mount such systems only to decorate the roof.

conical roof

Which roof is better

The design of the roof, first of all, must correspond to the architecture of the building.

The choice of roofing is determined according to factors:

• financial opportunity;
• climate features;
• individual preferences;
• the need for an attic.

Before you decide on the option of protecting your home, you should consider different options.

Roof options

Useful video

In this video you will learn what types of roofs are:

The roof top is the topmost part of the roof. It is she who protects the building from the negative effects of the environment. Before you cover the roof of the house, you need to choose the right material. Roofing materials come in a variety of types. Each of them has its purpose and limitations in use.

Material selection criteria

Types of coverage should be considered from several angles. Choosing the material for the roof, you should answer the following questions for yourself:

• how steep the slope of the slope is planned;
• the cheaper it is to cover the roof, is the financial component in the first place;
• what type of roofing material will fit better into the architectural appearance;
• the better to cover the roof with your own hands, how complicated the installation process is;
• Is it possible to put up with the high noise of the roof.

The main criterion for choosing a roof covering is the slope angle.

In general, the coating must meet the requirements for reliability, durability, strength and waterproofing. The aesthetic component and economic are also important. To choose a roof covering for a house, you will have to consider the most popular options carefully.

seam roof

This option will allow you to perform work inexpensively. The coating in this case is made of thin metal sheets. Their connection along the length is carried out by bending the folds. Such coating material is not very suitable for do-it-yourself work, since it requires certain skills and knowledge.

Installation of a seam roof is not recommended to do it yourself

When deciding what is the best way to cover the roof of a house, you should pay attention to simpler types. This option is more suitable for a professional team that will do the job quickly and efficiently.

Deciding how to cover the roof of a wooden house or any other? Then it is worth taking a closer look at the metal tile. It is light, so it does not create a strong load on the walls of the building and foundations. Often the material can be difficult to distinguish from natural tiles.

The metal tile on decorative properties is almost not inferior to the usual

It looks attractive, and a wide range of colors allows you to choose the best solution for any facade. A special coating is used to protect the material from corrosion. The most commonly used polymers.

Mounting

Finishing the roof with metal tiles is suitable for slopes with a slope of more than 15 degrees. Such species practically do not limit the upper limit of the slope. If the value is less than 20 degrees, you should think about waterproofing. In this case, moisture flows down the surface worse and can seep through the sheets.

When installing the roof with your own hands, you need to securely close the joints. The tile is attached to the crate. It is most often sparse. For the manufacture of the base, a board with a thickness of 32 mm is enough. The minimum allowable size is 25 mm, but in this case the design will work on the verge of possibilities.

The metal tile is attached to the crate

Application area

Metal roof tiles are widely used. It is suitable for a private residential building, administrative or industrial building. The material is intended for pitched roofs. Not used on flats.

Advantages and disadvantages

When deciding what is the best way to roof a private house, pay attention to the durability of the material. The metal coating can last up to 50 years. Compared with other types, the term is long. The benefits also include:

• ease of installation;
• small mass;
• you can cover the roof alone;
• does not require particularly careful handling during transportation;
• affordable price;
• a wide range of.

When installing metal tiles, a lot of waste is generated.

But such modern materials also have disadvantages. During the construction process, a lot of waste is generated, which makes up a considerable percentage of the purchased material..

In addition, any metal coating is quite noisy. Residents literally feel every drop of rain.

Decking

It is advantageous to cover the roofs of pitched roofs with a profiled sheet. This material is similar in properties to metal tile, but is cheaper. These types of material may have different markings. For the coating device, corrugated board marked H or HC is intended. Sheets marked C are intended for vertical structures; it is impossible to make a roof out of them. The profile brand (numerical designation) is selected depending on the load and the pitch of the rafters.

To cover the roof, you should choose a profiled sheet of grade H or HC

Mounting

The coating is designed for roofing roofs with a slope of at least 10 degrees. The overlap during installation is assigned depending on the profile parameters. Usually the overlap is 20 cm. If the slope is less than 20 degrees, the joints should be additionally protected from moisture with a sealant.

Sheets are fastened with self-tapping screws. Approximately 8 pieces will be required per square meter. It is acceptable to lay the material on top of the old roofing from rolled materials.

Most often, profiled sheets are used for outbuildings and industrial buildings. But now there are many colors that fit perfectly into the facade of a residential building.

Pros and cons

Choosing what material is best for a wooden house? It is not recommended to use heavy types here. Therefore, the decision on how to cover the roof of the house in favor of the profiled sheet will be beneficial. Also perfect for brick or concrete buildings.

Roof pie device from corrugated board

The benefits include:

• ease of installation;
• good bending strength under mechanical stress and loads;
• service life like a metal tile;
• low cost.

Ondulin

Ondulin roofing is a profitable solution. It is possible to close the building with such material without significant material costs. The second name of onudlin is euroslate. Sheets are made from cellulose fibers, impregnated with bitumen with polymer additives. At the end, the material is painted in two layers of heat-resistant paint, thanks to which the sheets acquire a neat and attractive appearance.

Euroslate roofing - an economical option for the construction or repair of a roof

Mounting

Ondulin coating of the roof of a country house with a slope of 6 ° to 15 ° requires a continuous crate. You can use an ordinary edged board (grade 3 wood) or moisture-resistant plywood. If the slope is more than 15 °, then a sparse base can be dispensed with.

The overlap of the sheets must be good - at least 30 cm. Special nails are provided for fastening.

Pros and cons

When deciding which material is best for a shed, bath or garage, you can choose ondulin with confidence. It is also suitable for a private house. But when choosing, it is worth considering that the service life of euroslate is up to 40 years, but the paint will fade earlier. The benefits include:

• waterproofing indicators;
• environmental friendliness;
• there will be no problems due to noise;
• ease of processing and cutting;
• very small weight;
• budget.

The main disadvantages of the coating include fading of paint, flammability

The disadvantages of the material are quite significant, so you should think about whether you need to cover your house with such material.. Minuses:

• combustibility;
• paint fading;
• softening of the material in sunny weather in summer (not recommended for steep slopes);
• moss growth in dark places.

Like the previous material, tiles are made using bitumen. It is best suited for roofs with a slope of no more than 45 degrees, as it can soften in hot weather. There are different types of flexible tiles depending on the pattern and color.

The angle of the roof slope for flexible tiles should be no more than 45 degrees

Mounting

You can cover the roof with a slope of 11 to 45 degrees with the material. A continuous crate should be made under the coating. To do this, use a board or moisture-resistant plywood. If the slope angle is less than 18°, it is recommended to fix an additional waterproofing layer. For fastening, a layer of bitumen with a polymer is applied to the wrong side. The option is perfect for a roof of complex shape.

Pros and cons

The benefits include:

• long service life up to 70 years;
• noiselessness;
• holds snow well, it does not slip on rough material;
• resistance to corrosion and condensation;
• high flexibility;
• reasonable value for money.

Soft tiles due to their flexibility are widely used for roofs of complex shape.

natural tile

What to make a cover for a completely eco-friendly house? The best option in this case is ceramic tiles or its closest relative, cement-sand. They are able to last a century, they are safe, environmentally friendly and natural. But the significant shortcomings that do not allow the materials to return to the leading positions include:

• very large mass;
• the need for a strong and powerful foundation;
• high price.

Tiles are a beautiful, environmentally friendly, but heavy roofing material.

Rolled welding material

This option is mainly used for flat or low-slope bases.. There are several varieties from different manufacturers. Hydroizol, Stekloizol and TechnoNIKOL gained great popularity. The basis of the coating is fiberglass, fiberglass or polyester impregnated with bitumen.

Mounting

The roofing carpet is rolled out on the roof, heating part of the roll with a gas burner. When working on a pitched roof, work starts from the bottom. The overlap along the length and from the ends is prescribed at least 10 cm. For a flat roof, 2-3 layers of coating will be enough. For pitched, you will have to lay 4-5.

Mostly the coating is used for the roofs of multi-storey buildings or industrial buildings. In private construction, it is difficult to meet. For your own home, it makes sense to buy such material as a lining waterproofing layer.

Rolled welded roofing is most often mounted on flat surfaces.

Pros and cons

The benefits of this coverage include:

• ease of care;
• good resistance to moisture;
• noiselessness;
• environmental friendliness and safety for humans;
• affordable price.

What should be a good roof? To understand this, you need to figure out what requirements it must meet, and there are many of them: the roof must be reliable, durable and, of course, beautiful. In this material from the editors of Housechief, we will figure out how to choose the right roofing materials. Types, prices for the most popular coatings and installation tips - it's all here and now.

Read in the article

Sheet types of roofing and their characteristics

The choice of roofing depends on many factors: the geometry of the roof, the weather conditions of the region and your budget. There are coatings that are designed for and materials that are best used only on.

Therefore, when choosing a material, you need to study all the conditions that await it during operation. In addition, you need to explore all the possible options and choose the one that suits you. And roofing materials have a wide range, and are piece, seam, sheet, or mastic.

And we will start with sheet roofing materials.

Steel decking and metal tiles

A coating that looks so much like a tile, but at the same time has all the advantages of metal, is now one of the most popular.

The only negative of this coating, as, indeed, of all its metal counterparts, is drum noise during rain. Using such a coating, it is necessary to provide for the roofs and ceilings of the upper floor.

Such a coating is used even for slopes with a minimum slope of 5º. This type of roofing copes with waterproofing where other materials fail. The price of the material is from 250 rubles per 1 m².

roll roofing

Membrane coating

Roof membranes are made of polymeric materials that are not subject to decay. Mostly PVC. They are fastened with cold mastic, and the panels are welded together with a building hair dryer.

Such a coating can be used to insulate roofs with a complex configuration and a slight slope. The price of a meter of an EPDM membrane is from 500 rubles.

Self-leveling mastic roofing

If we consider the cost of a self-leveling roof, it turns out that it is the cheapest of the existing types. It is even cheaper than roll materials. And as a result, you get a monolithic and completely sealed coating, without any seams and joints.

For greater reliability, mastic roofing is combined with rolled roofing, which creates a multilayer durable coating. Such a coating can be reinforced with fiberglass or fiberglass.

The cost of mastic coating, excluding wages, is about 180 rubles per 1 m².

How to choose the most suitable material? Consider two decisive factors: the amount you are willing to spend on materials and the specifics of the roof. For complex geometry or a slight slope, it is preferable to use a soft roofing material. If you set yourself the goal of saving money, pay attention to the galvanized metal profile, roll or bulk type. If you want to do it for centuries and can afford it, you should take ceramic tiles and slate.

And what type of roof do you consider the most reliable and durable? Write in the comments! In conclusion, a small video review of the types of roofing.

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The roof of the house protects the country house from precipitation. In addition, it maintains the necessary thermal conditions.

Almost all types of roofs are also responsible for decorative functions. Architecture gives all roofs a very important meaning. Often, a non-standard roof adorns the most ordinary country house. But still, the main function of the roof is protection. Therefore, all canopies must comply with established norms and standards. Our article will tell you about all the requirements. Now I would like to talk about terminology.

The roof is the part of a building that sits on top of its base. It protects the interior from moisture penetration, wind and solar radiation. The roof is a complex architectural element. It includes load-bearing structures (truss system) responsible for the distribution of the load of the roof and precipitation. It is also an integral part of the roof, which protects the country house from winds, cold and moisture.

The roof is a multilayer "pie". It consists of:

• roofing;
• waterproofing layer;
• thermal insulation (one or more layers);
• vapor barrier material.

The roof is the part of the roof that can be seen from the outside. It is the roof that not only protects the building itself, but also determines its entire architectural and decorative appearance.

But not only roofing affects the roof of the house. Important importance is given to the type of roof - the defining element for the entire building. Today you can find a variety of classic and unusual roofs. This allows you to choose the most suitable option and make a house with a unique design.

Types of roofs of houses:

• Flat roofs are the simplest type with a slope of only 3%. They are used in the construction of apartment buildings and other massive structures. Private houses rarely contain this type of roof, as there is almost no design value. In addition, flat roofs accumulate snow masses, and this, in turn, leads to an increase in the strength requirements of the roof and load-bearing structures;
• Pitched roofs - have a slope angle of 10 degrees or more. Ideal for building a private house.

Benefits of pitched roofs:

1. self-cleaning from various types of precipitation;
2. allow you to equip an attic or attic room;
3. the possibility of applying design and architectural ideas.

Types of roofing roofs

This is not a complete list of pitched roofs.

Caution: When designing pitched roofs, provide a major system for draining water and snow from the roof surface.

Today you can find a range of roofing materials. For example, classic slate is popular. It is used for the construction of roofs of outbuildings. Modern materials are represented by metal or composite tiles. Often you can find a plastic roof. Thanks to modern materials, it is possible to equip at the same time reliable and aesthetic plastic tiles. At the same time, the choice of colors is very large.

Various materials are used as roof waterproofing, ranging from roofing felt to liquid rubber. The roofing material is represented by bitumen for the roof, which is applied to the fabric base. In this regard, roofing felt is a fairly versatile material. It is used as a material for flat roofs of warehouses, hangars and residential buildings. Note that initially the roofing felt resembled sheets of cardboard 1x1 meter. One side was free, and the other was covered with bitumen.

Of course, such a cardboard roofing material served for a rather limited period. However, it was indispensable if it was necessary to cover the roof in a short time. Today, roofing materials include fiberglass. This allows the material to be used for 20 years without loss of quality. Before laying roofing felt, you need to prepare the surface. It is important to make the surface of the roof as flat as possible.

Typical roof units and rafter fastening

The rafter frame is the basis for the roofing pie.

The pitched roof has a relatively large area. It is even compared to a sail. And this is not accidental - after all, a strong wind can easily rip it off or move it some distance.

In both cases, the roof will be damaged. And this is already an extra headache for the owner of a country house. Under these conditions, reliable fastening of the roof to the walls will make it stable and durable.

1. Rafter legs are installed on a beam (Mauerlat). It, in turn, is attached to the walls of the structure. To create a Mauerlat, you will need a 15x15 cm timber or a 15x10 cm board.
2. Mauerlat is attached to the walls. For this, anchor bolts or bolts pre-screwed into the walls are used. For greater reliability, you can tie the beam with burnt fittings. Also, the Mauerlat beam is usually associated with adjacent beams.

The result is a strong foundation for the rafter frame and roof. The task of strapping includes the competent redistribution of the load on the walls of the building.

Gable roof - device, detailed video:

Thunderstorm protection

When designing and building a roof, remember that the ridge is the highest point of the building. Under these conditions, you cannot do without lightning protection. Especially if it's a metal roof.

As practice shows, even a small lightning strike on the roof of a building leads to a fire. Moreover, if there are people in the attic or in the attic, they can also be injured. An important process will help prevent accidents - grounding the roof.

Tip: Steel pins act as protection against thunderstorms. Their diameter must exceed 8 mm. The pins are attached along all edges of the roof horse and on the pipes. In height, the pins must be at least 1 meter above the roof level. In this case, the distance between them ideally should not exceed 12 meters.

1. The bottom ends of the pins usually contain a wire that should be welded to them. The diameter of the wire must match the diameter of the down conductor. Special clamps are used to fasten the down conductor. The element is attached to the roof and walls of the building. It is recommended to fix it on the basis of the downpipe.
2. After fixing and lowering the down conductor to the ground, it is necessary to fix it on a flat surface. To do this, a distance of 1 meter is measured from each wall of the building.
3. Further, a hole half a meter deep is dug, where three steel pipes are immersed. It is recommended to connect them with a pre-welded steel strip.

Pipes act as ground conductors. But they will not perform their functions without a down conductor. Bolts are required to fasten the element. The process of welding the down conductor to the surface of the pipes will not be superfluous. Such a grounding scheme will create high-quality protection against thunderstorms. The types of roofing do not play a role here, such protection should be on every roof of a country house.

Thus, building a house implies compliance with all the rules and regulations for tying the roof. Also important is the competent installation of the truss frame and roofing pie. By creating a reliable roof, you are making an investment in the future of your building (read: ""). After all, if you carry out a competent process, you can save on the possible repair of the roof or its elements. Different types of roofs differ from each other in their design and type of roofing material. However, all of them should be chosen based on practical significance. In other words, it is important to choose not only an aesthetic, but also a reliable roof.

The choice of building and finishing materials in the construction of a country house or cottage must be made already at the design stage, and roofing for a roof is no exception. The market offers a huge selection of products that differ in composition, physical and mechanical properties, appearance and cost. Before buying, it is advisable to compare the advantages and disadvantages of various materials, calculate the price and installation costs, and also take into account the nuances of the building project itself (purpose, number of storeys, shape of the roof structure, etc.).

Popular types of materials for the roof Source liveposts.ru

What to consider when choosing

Before buying roofing products, you need to pay attention to the following points:

Strength. The finished coating should be as resistant to snow and wind loads as possible.

Weight. Roofing material should not create excessive load on the rafters and foundation of the house. For this reason, for light buildings on a pile foundation, soft roofing, ondulin are usually chosen, and for houses on a tape or slab base, any kind of product is suitable, including natural tiles, the mass of which is the largest.

Life time. For cottages, they usually purchase material that retains properties for at least 50 years, and for country houses and outbuildings - varieties that are more affordable, but serve less (15-25 years).

Safety. Quality products should not contain toxic substances.

Another factor to consider when choosing the type of roofing for a roof is price: in Moscow for 1 sq. m will have to pay an average of 500-900 rubles. The most affordable types are profiled sheets, slate and soft roofs; composite and ceramic tiles are the most expensive.

The roof of a residential building is an important element of its appearance. Source stroicod.ru

Also, when buying roofing building materials, it is necessary to take into account the purpose of the house (for permanent, temporary, seasonal residence), the shape of the roof (flat, gable, multi-pitched, asymmetric, domed, etc.). It is necessary to pay attention to the compatibility of the shade of the product with the color scheme of the future building: this is especially important for residential buildings and cottages, which should not only be comfortable and reliable, but also aesthetically attractive.

Metal roofing: types, pros and cons, cost

Metal roofing is a great success and combines practicality with affordability and relatively quick installation. Such materials can last 15-20 years, withstand heavy loads, but are subject to icing, require careful insulation, and due to low sound insulation during rain or hail on the upper floors it will be too uncomfortable.

Metal materials: 1 - metal tile, 2 - corrugated board, 3 - seam roof Source tr.skopelitissa.com

Today on the market you can find the following types:

metal tile. It is made of galvanized steel, the outer side imitates the design of natural tiles. Pros - high strength, the possibility of laying on the old coating, fire safety, a large selection of colors. Cons - high thermal conductivity, noise during rain. The price per square meter is 300-600 rubles.

profiled sheet. These are corrugated sheets, they are attached to the crate with the help of special self-tapping screws. The quality of the profiled sheet does not differ from the metal tile, its appearance is less aesthetic, but the cost is 250-350 rubles per meter.

seam roof. It was named after the type of connection - the fold: the element has a snap-on design. This roofing material is reliable, looks more aesthetically pleasing. The cost of a folded roof per meter is 500-700 rubles.

natural tile

If you plan to build a block, brick house for permanent residence, the budget allows you to purchase more expensive material, you can pay attention to the tiles.

Roofing made of natural tiles looks the most aesthetically pleasing Source krovlyaregion.ru

There are several varieties of this product on the market, which differ in composition, properties and price. The most common ceramic tile, which is made from clay by firing at high temperature in special ovens. The coating is resistant to mechanical and climatic influences, does not fade in the sun, has a high fire resistance, and retains its perfect appearance for 100-150 years. However, ceramic tiles can only be installed if the truss system is designed for a heavy load: the material is too heavy. The cost of production starts from 1500-1700 rubles.

To decorate a cottage in a traditional European style, you can choose slate tiles, which have been known since the Middle Ages and are suitable for facing roofs of all shapes and sizes. Natural slate has excellent thermal insulation performance, does not create noise during rain and hail, does not crack from external influences and does not fade in the sun. The service life is 150-200 years. The price of such products is about 400-600 rubles per tile.

Slate coating looks very unusual Source rmnt.mirtesen.ru

Another popular variety is cement-sand roof tiles. Such products are practically indistinguishable from the ceramic counterpart, have the same pros and cons, except for the service life: it varies between 80-100 years. In addition, this variety is cheaper: the price per square meter is 400-500 rubles. The material is suitable for pitched roofs with a slope of 20-60 degrees, for steeper surfaces additional waterproofing will be required.

Varieties of soft roofing

Flexible roofing materials are considered to be very popular: they are versatile and, due to their low weight, are suitable for any building, whether it is a brick cottage or a summerhouse. Flexible roofing is resistant to temperature extremes, easy to install, has high sound insulation rates, and is safe. The average service life is 15-17 years, subject to proper installation. One of the most popular varieties is the built-up roof. This product most often has a black color, but on sale you can also find options with basalt dressing in different shades. The cost of a roll varies between 700-1200 rubles.

Source teh-krov.ru

Another variety is soft tiles: it imitates the design of a ceramic counterpart and has a multilayer structure. The base is made of fiberglass or polyester, covered with a bituminous composition, the substrate and mineral dressing (top layer) go on top. There are the following types of roofing of this type:

Tiling class A. It has a high level of fire safety, retains its properties and appearance for at least 20 years.

Tiling class C. Roofing cardboard acts as a basis, wear resistance is less high. Service life does not exceed 15-20 years.

Manufacturers offer such material with different shapes of elements, from rectangles to imitation shingles. The cost is 250-450 rubles per square meter, depending on the manufacturer, design and composition.

Other products

The range is not limited to the materials mentioned above, customers can choose and buy other types of roofing. Among them there are both modern options (for example, composite products) and traditional types of coatings.

Other types of roofing: 1 - composite tiles, 2 - slate, 3 - ondulin Source tr.skopelitissa.com

So, for example, in the last 5-7 years, composite tiles have become increasingly popular. It has a steel base with an aluzinc coating and basalt dressing, it is distinguished by increased strength, a variety of shades, long-term operation (more than 100 years), excellent heat and sound insulation. Such material weighs less than natural analogues, does not fade in the sun, and is relatively inexpensive - 500-700 rubles per square meter.

Video description

About the types and properties of the roof in the video:

Another popular coating is ondulin, or euroslate. It is made from polymer-impregnated cellulose fibers, the sheets have a corrugated structure. Products are lightweight, practical, easy to transport and install, the cost of a sheet is 500-650 rubles. The closest analogue is the classic asbestos-cement slate, which is heavier, more fragile, requires regular maintenance and thorough waterproofing, but costs less - 200-250 rubles apiece. Most often, slate roofs are placed on non-residential buildings and extensions.

The right choice of material is the key to a beautiful and reliable roofing Source roomester.ru

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer a turnkey roof design and repair service. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Conclusion

Before building a country house or cottage, it is important to study what roofing materials for the roof are, their types and prices. On the market, you can find both natural and artificial varieties in any price segment, from the economical level to the premium class. The choice should be made taking into account the design features of the future building, your own aesthetic preferences and budget.