Wood is one of the the best materials for the construction of houses, baths, saunas. However, in order for lumber to fully reveal its advantages, you should carefully study its characteristics and make right choice. The source material is an ordinary round log. What kind of timber is there? This lumber most often has a rectangular shape (less often - arbitrary) with a section thickness of 50-400 mm. IN modern construction it exists in several forms.

All types of timber on the building materials market

• Solid (non-profiled) timber

Externally, it is a log, sawn on 4 sides, more than 50 mm wide. This material is the most popular in construction and has a multifunctional value. Wall structures, roof truss systems, and partitions between floors of the house are erected from ordinary timber. It may well be replaced wooden block. Considering what types of timber there are, it should be noted that the low cost of logs is explained by the ease of their processing. This means that the material requires additional protection.

The cross-section of the material can be from 150 to 220 mm, the humidity is natural. The diameter of the material is selected depending on the type of object being built: in the construction of houses for permanent residence use lumber with a diameter of 200-220 mm, for a sauna, bathhouse or cottage - 150-220 mm.

The ease of installation and low cost of non-profiled timber makes it one of the most popular in the construction industry.

Advantages of houses built from solid (non-profiled) timber

1. Availability. Today this is one of the most popular offers. Unprofiled lumber can be purchased at any construction market. At the same time, after placing an order, you do not have to wait for a long time for delivery. The ease of preparing the material explains its ubiquity.
2. Low cost. Considering the fact that the natural importance of the material is preserved, the process of its preparation is simplified as much as possible, which has a positive effect on the cost of the timber.
3. Convenience and high speed house assembly. No specialized equipment is needed to lay non-profiled timber. Installation work Carpenters can carry out 3-4 grades. Moreover, the assembly of a 6*6 m house is carried out in less than one week.

Disadvantages of houses built from solid timber

1. The need for finishing works or planing. The best option is cladding with a block house or forcing. In addition, you will need to trim excess jute after natural drying and shrinkage at home.
2. Non-compliance of non-profiled timber with GOST requirements (relates to the evenness of the cut and the size of the cross section). As a result, differences in the placement of crowns can reach 5 mm, and the seams can be different heights. The only way to minimize such problems is to purchase solid timber high quality. In this case, the cost of solid material is as close as possible to the price of profiled timber.
3. Fungal infection. During the harvesting process, the material is not subjected to special drying, which significantly increases the risk of wood being damaged by fungus. Today, more than 15% of non-profiled (solid) timber has this drawback. In this case, it is necessary to carry out antiseptic treatment, as a result of which the fungus is destroyed and its reappearance is prevented. However this event significantly increases the cost of production.
4. Imperfect appearance. Compared to its profiled counterpart, solid timber has a less attractive appearance. After planing the walls, the seams and insulation between the crowns may become noticeable.
5. Corner connections are made without overhangs.
6. Cracking of the material. As a result of shrinkage and shrinkage of the walls, noticeable cracks appear that spoil the aesthetics of the house. The solution to the problem is the exterior decoration of the building.
7. Blowability of inter-crown seams. If there are no tongues and grooves when assembling the walls, the house will retain heat less well.

This type of material has clearly defined parameters. It is presented in the form of a planting bowl with tongues and grooves; there are also vertical cuts, which greatly simplifies installation. In production, the log is cut with an accuracy of 1 mm.

The use of profiled timber in the construction of houses makes it possible to obtain a structure without cracks, which means that the risk of moisture getting inside the structure and wood rotting is reduced.

In addition, a house made from profiled lumber is very warm, which minimizes the use of insulation. It is worth noting the unsurpassed appearance. Such timber has smooth and even walls and does not require finishing. But profiled timber also has weak points. It must be properly dried, otherwise there is a risk that the house will “lead” over time. Its humidity is about 10%. Drying lumber requires significant areas, and the maintenance of such areas affects the cost of the final product.

Advantages of profiled timber

1. Unsurpassed appearance. The use of this material allows you to build houses with ideal smooth walls. This eliminates the need for additional external finishing of the building.
2. Connections are made with projections (into the bowl). Since the connections are created in the factory, they are smooth and high-strength, which ensures high reliability of the structure and uniform shrinkage during operation.
3. There are tighter connections between the crowns and in the corners, which significantly increases the thermal characteristics of the structure and ensures minimal ventilation.
4. There is no need to trim the jute and there is no need to caulk the house. The only exceptions may be end and corner connections.

1. The need for a technological break during the construction of a house. It is caused by the fact that the material must dry. After assembling the structure, the house should “stand” for 10-12 months, after which you can proceed to finishing work.

Cracking of the material. Profiled lumber, like other types of timber, is made from solid wood, which inevitably entails the appearance of cracks.​

• Glued laminated timber

Today they are most popular. This material is made from pine, larch, spruce or cedar. The log is sawn into boards, after which they are dried. Next, the lamellas are processed protective compounds and stick together. One beam can have from 2 to 5 lamellas. The shape of the elements is cut out with maximum precision. The result is a high-quality, durable material with less than 1% shrinkage.

Advantages:

1. The material is not subject to cracking.
2. There is no need for finishing or additional processing.
3. Minimal shrinkage and the risk that the structure will “lead.”
4. The optimal moisture content of laminated timber will eliminate the risk of rotting and damage to the wood by microorganisms.
5. Thanks to its high strength this lumber can be used in the implementation of highly complex projects.

Flaws:

1. Relatively high cost (2-3 times more expensive than non-profiled lumber).
2. The use of glue in production reduces the degree of its environmental friendliness in comparison with logs or profiled timber.
3. The presence of glue impairs air exchange and moisture circulation.

Glued laminated timber – best choice for “fast” construction. On a ready-made foundation, you can build a house in just 5-6 weeks.

Various timber

Building a house from timber raises a lot of questions among readers. Most often they ask how to choose material for construction. There are more varieties of timber every year, which one is better to use and how to distinguish quality material. We will tell those readers who do not want to throw money away and want to purchase high-quality material how to choose timber for building a house. Which timber to choose - profiled, glued, plain, section and grade of timber in one article.

To build a house, timber is chosen from three main types: simple, profiled or glued. It is superior to brick in its heat-saving and sound-insulating qualities. The only thing it is inferior to is fire resistance. But using special compounds for processing, you can reduce the indicator several times. It is environmentally friendly and outperforms brick and rounded logs in price. And with the onset of a difficult economic situation in the country, the material generally took first place in the choice of buyers. Each type has its pros and cons for construction.

Simple trim material

timber rectangular shape different sections. Produced by chamber drying and natural humidity. In terms of price category, timber with natural humidity is the cheapest. When choosing natural humidity for building your home, you need to understand that you will need additional costs to external and interior decoration, for example siding or clapboard. The fact is that when the material dries, it will crack and lose its aesthetically attractive appearance. Some of the heat-saving qualities will be lost when cracking, so you will have to insulate the walls with mineral wool or any other material. When choosing chamber-drying timber, you can count on minimal shrinkage of the house. But the walls will still not be attractive, since tape insulation is laid between the links. We recommend choosing a simple chamber drying for the construction of a small country house, this way you can save on material, and the structure will turn out to be environmentally friendly, and you can assemble it with your own hands. For frame construction For a residential structure, it is more profitable to purchase a simple edged look, since the walls will still have to be covered. If you still choose natural humidity for building a house, then you need to prepare for additional expenses.

Profiled view

Profiled timber is considered second in quality. It also comes in natural humidity and chamber drying. It has two technical sides with a locking connection - tongue and groove. With the help of a lock it is easy to fit and connect to each other. Houses made from it are warmer, since the walls will not be blown through. How warm the walls will be depends on the quality and type of locking connection. The warmest is considered to be the “comb”, where there are more than two thorns. A simple lock is less resistant to winds, especially in the corners of the masonry of the house. By choosing natural humidity, wall cracking cannot be avoided and can be used over the years finishing material you still have to. It will not be possible to caulk the walls a second time, since the locking connection will not allow the work to be completed efficiently. After assembling the walls, profiled chamber-drying can be simply sanded and coated with antiseptic and protective compounds. No other finishing is necessary. Suitable for the construction of residential buildings of any size, so the shrinkage will not be large, only 3-4%. The main disadvantage is the high price chamber drying.

Glued look

Glued laminated timber is considered the most suitable for the construction of a residential building. It consists of dried lamellas that are glued together under a press. The strength of the material is higher than that of profiled or simple material, since the lamellas are connected in the opposite direction of the fibers. The more lamellas, the stronger the material. The internal slats can be spliced ​​or solid; the second option is more expensive and better in quality. Among the main advantages of the glued type are its high thermal insulation characteristics. Thus, a cross-section of 150x150 mm is equal in thermal conductivity to edged timber 250x250 mm. It is easier to build a house from such material, since the weight of each beam is less. How to choose timber for building a glued-laminated house can be seen in the video:

Among the disadvantages, one can highlight the material’s not entirely environmentally friendly. The point is that adhesive composition Various types are used for gluing lamellas. The safest one is expensive and domestic producers it is not used. The second and no less important drawback is the high price of the material.

Unusual timber

One of the newer types on the market is the D-shaped type. Building a D-frame house is exactly the same as building a profile house. Its difference is in the rounded front side. There is material with two rounded sides - front and inner. Externally, the house resembles a log house, but its thermal characteristics are the same as those made from laminated veneer lumber. There is no need to finish the walls and facade. New look materials - warm timber.

Building a house from it is called Maxhouse. Inside, the timber is filled with a layer of cellulose or urethane foam insulation. The heat-saving properties of the material are higher, but environmental friendliness decreases significantly. The main advantages - low price. External and inner side warm look may be made of expensive wood, such as larch or aspen. And the price is 3-4 times lower than for a full-fledged type.

Grade of construction lumber

When choosing construction lumber, you need to pay attention to its grade. Moreover, certain rules there is no way to determine one grade from another, so in different manufacturing companies you can find timber of the same quality, but different varieties. To build your house, we recommend using grades A or Extra, AB and B. Other lower quality varieties may have unevenness, damage from bugs, and blue discoloration. You can distinguish one variety from another by knowing some characteristic features timber. Readers can find out more about them in the table:

You should not use BC and C timber in the construction of a house for permanent residence. garden house or frame construction, in order to save money, you can buy cheaper varieties. But first you need to look at the material from several companies at once.

Types of timber sections

Thickness construction timber they take from 100 mm, but traditionally for the construction of a residential building they use a section of 200x200 mm. To build your house, choose a timber section of 150x150 mm. If a country house is being built in the southern region, then you can buy less than 100 mm. For a permanent residence in middle lane In Russia, you can choose glued or warm material with a section of 150x150 mm or 100x150 mm, where the working side will be large. Simple and profiled are selected with a cross-section from 150x150 to 200x200 mm.

Can be used rectangular section 150x200 mm, where the larger side is working. If you use a simple edged beam of natural moisture and the walls will be insulated in the future, then you can use a section of 100x150 mm. Choosing the right thickness of the timber is important, because if you build a house from profiled drying chambers and do not take into account thermal conductivity, then in winter the house will be cold. As a result, the walls will have to be insulated and there is no point in purchasing profiled chamber drying. The price of the material will depend on the choice of cross-section. Let's consider the price for different sections of timber in the form of a table:

To choose the right material for building your house, it is not the cheapest, good quality, thickness from 200 mm.

Basic rules for choosing timber for building a house

From all of the above, we can conclude how to choose timber for building a house. Let's list the basic rules:

1. For the construction of a house, timber with a thickness of 200 mm is chosen.
2. For the construction of a country house, you can use simple natural moisture; for a residential building, glued or profiled chamber drying.
3. When choosing chamber drying, you can not be afraid of large shrinkage and cracking of the walls; taking natural humidity, you need to plan the costs of finishing the facade and interior.
4. The shape of the material must be correct; curvatures and uneven colors are unacceptable. Buy grades A and AB, B.
5. A D-shaped profile can be chosen instead of a rounded log.
6. Warm timber is less expensive, but appearance hardly distinguishable from glued ones.

When choosing a material, you must purchase it only from trusted manufacturing companies. You should not take suspiciously cheap material, especially if we are talking about glued ones. This is the only way the construction of a house will be made from high-quality and correct timber.

What should be the thickness of the walls in the house?

How to correctly calculate the thickness of the walls of a wooden house

During construction, the thickness of the walls affects 3 parameters:

1. Wall strength and structural stability. According to all calculations, for the construction of a two-story cottage made of wood, a thickness of load-bearing structures of 160 mm is sufficient.
2. Noise insulation. Compared to brick and blocks, wood wins, so we get good noise protection even with minimal wall thickness.
3. Thermal insulation. This is the main reason for disputes among customers of houses made of laminated and planed timber and logs. It is to increase thermal insulation that laminated timber is produced in thicknesses of 175, 200 and 240 mm.

The ideal situation for the builder and future owner is to build a house from a homogeneous material without additional thermal insulation. But for this it is necessary to correctly calculate the parameters of the wall.

The thickness of the walls of a timber house according to the standard

SP 50.13330.2012 provides details for calculating the thermal protection of buildings. There are many formulas in the set of rules - calculation of floors, flooring, external and internal walls, dependence on climate zone, complete set to determine the characteristics of the building. But now we are only interested in calculating the dimensions of the enclosing structure:

d - layer thickness, R - heat transfer resistance (set for a specific region), k - thermal conductivity coefficient (depending on the material). For Moscow, the heat transfer resistance is approximately 3.2. Average thermal conductivity coefficient of wood: pine - 0.15, spruce - 0.11 (formulas and values ​​taken from SP 50.13330.2012 and Wikipedia materials). The result is a wall thickness of at least 35-48 cm. According to the same calculations, brick wall should be 0.64-2.24 m, and concrete - more than 3 m.

But we see a discrepancy almost everywhere: the thickness of the walls of log houses rarely exceeds 140-180 mm at the joints, and panel high-rise buildings standard concrete products - only 140-200 mm. How do you manage to live in such houses without additional insulation? In practice, “standard” dimensions are often impossible, so the work of heating engineering is taken into account in construction.

A practical approach to determining wall thickness

When calculating, they rely less on thermal characteristics, but on a combination of thermal insulation, such as heating equipment and heating costs. What matters is the type of construction (for permanent and seasonal residence), the type of fuel (main gas, solid fuel, electricity). The result is that you can build from virtually any material, and the extra centimeters only reduces monthly heating costs.

Question:
It is written on the Internet that for year-round living, the wall thickness of a house made of laminated timber (175-200 mm) is not enough; a minimum of 250 mm is needed. So, houses with timber less than 250 mm are cold?

Answer:
It all depends on the heating and ventilation system. Even in a house with enhanced thermal insulation, there will be heat loss through the foundation, roof, and when opening doors and windows. According to our calculations, for permanent residence in the presence of main gas, a wall thickness of 175 mm in a house made of laminated veneer lumber is sufficient, otherwise the savings on heating will not cover the construction costs. If you plan to use electricity, then it is better to choose the production of houses from 200 or 240 mm laminated timber.

Let's summarize

To strictly comply with the standards, the wall thickness should be 48 cm, but physical properties wood (fast heating, regulation of room humidity, etc.) allow you to live comfortably in a house with a wall thickness of 200 and even 175 mm (with a slight increase in heating costs). More than 3,000 GOOD WOOD customers can confirm this: most projects use 175 and 200 mm laminated veneer lumber. The main thing is to carry out the connections correctly and efficiently, install energy-efficient windows correctly, and think through the ventilation system.

Tree differs from tree: real and ideal thickness

Thickness of the walls of a solid wood house

When building a house from rounded logs, it is necessary to take into account differences in waves - a diameter of 200 mm at the junction gives 100-120 mm. Accordingly, in bottlenecks the protection drops by 40-50%. Thermal insulation must be calculated based on the characteristics at the joints. The second danger of an array is wood cracks and gaps between the crowns. In the first months (up to a year and a half), the material goes through a stage of intense shrinkage - the wood takes its final shape, the fibers curl and crack. Cracks sometimes reach the center of the log or split the beam into two parts.
When cracks and crevices appear, the thermal insulation decreases. If the wall is open (builders recommend abandoning finishing and insulation in the first year), then it will be caulked. In the future, it is recommended to carry out inspections, seal cracks and update the inter-crown thermal insulation every 5-7 years.

Thickness of the walls of a laminated timber house

The situation is more pleasant - the high-tech material is glued together from several pre-dried lamellas. The shape does not change over the years, the multilayer structure protects against deep cracks. As a result, the initial thermal insulation is maintained at the design level. By at least, owner reviews of laminated veneer lumber and reports from GOOD WOOD emergency inspectors do not report problems with deterioration of thermal insulation. Theoretically, the thickness of laminated veneer lumber is not limited, but in most cases the standard thickness is used - 160, 175, 200, 240 mm.

The characteristics of such walls have been tested so thoroughly and in detail that GOOD WOOD specialists have developed a calculator to calculate the monthly heating costs of most typical projects:

When building houses from laminated veneer lumber on a turnkey basis, the calculator helps to estimate costs in advance and consciously select wall parameters, floor characteristics, and window design.

So what should be the thickness of the walls in the house?

1. With a scientific approach to construction, it turns out that in any case it is necessary to increase the thickness of the walls to unreasonable limits (up to 30, 50, 100 or more centimeters) or use a layer of insulation and external finishing. This happens with some materials (expanded clay concrete blocks, logs or planed timber).
2. Practice teaches us to include heating engineering parameters and heating costs into calculations, and to find a reasonable balance between thickness and heating costs. The result is warm houses without increasing the thickness of the walls or additional insulation. The main thing in this case is to correctly assess the difference between construction costs and heating costs.

When planning to build any house from timber, the owner will have to decide on the choice and purchase of building materials. The choice today is quite wide: this is a simple timber with natural moisture, and dried, profiled timber of a special shape or glued material. But in all cases, you will need to first decide on the size: the thermal insulation of the walls and the cost of materials depend on this. What size of timber for building a house will be optimal?

Size options and their use

The dimensions of the timber are a very important parameter that must be taken into account during the design. On sale are the most different options: the minimum section is 100x100 mm, the maximum is 200x200 mm. Which option to choose for this or that construction:

• Most thin beam with a cross section of 100x100 mm or 100x150 cm, it is used for the construction of outbuildings, in addition, it can be used in the construction of a bathhouse. This is the most cheap material, but it is only suitable for buildings not intended for permanent residence.
• For summer cottage, as a rule, is chosen golden mean: the beam can have a cross-section of 120x120 mm or 150x150 mm. In the warm season, such a house will be very comfortable and convenient; in addition, this option is quite convenient for calculations and installation. If you plan to use the building for year-round use, it will be possible to provide it with an additional layer of external insulation.
• The size of timber for a winter house should be maximum, especially in regions with cold climates. In construction, options from 150x150 mm to 200x200 mm are used. Most thick timber is expensive, but due to the greater height of each crown, less material is required, which partially offsets the increased costs.

Thus, each future owner chooses independently what size timber to build a house from. However, you need to remember that savings when choosing wall material will ultimately lead to increased costs for heating and insulation of the building, otherwise it will always be cold in it. The size of the timber for a house also determines its soundproofing qualities: through walls that are too thin, all street noises will be heard, which will significantly reduce the comfort of living.

If you choose dried profiled timber, this will allow you to partially save on insulation: since the crowns will fit tightly together, the thermal insulation properties of the walls will be much higher.

Many builders believe that purchasing 200x200 timber for construction is unprofitable: it is almost always made to order, so it is very expensive, and the difference in wall thickness will ultimately be only 5 cm, compared to conventional timber with a section of 150x150 mm. This difference can be compensated for by additional external insulation, which will still end up being cheaper.

How to choose material for building a frame house

A log house has many advantages, but it also has disadvantages: first of all, the high cost of materials and the need to wait a very long time for shrinkage to complete. Because of this everything more people draws attention to modern frame technologies, which also require correct selection building materials. Beam size for frame house depends on its intended use and size, since it is the timber frame that will have to withstand the highest loads.

Usually, for tying a frame house, they choose following sizes timber: 150x150 mm, 150x200 mm, 200x200 mm. The large thickness ensures the strength of the frame, which can withstand any natural disasters.

To cover the walls of a frame building, chipboard or OSB boards are used, and insulation is placed between them. The thicker the frame, the larger the layer of insulating material and the higher the energy efficiency of the building, however, its cost increases proportionally.

A frame building is assembled faster, which also reduces its cost. However, when designing, you need to consider the purchase of timber not only for the frame of the walls, but also for the construction of internal partitions, interfloor covering, floor joists, rafter system etc.

In addition, the frame is difficult to assemble yourself, for correct connection It is recommended to involve specialists. Any person can assemble a log house from a ready-made house kit thanks to the ready-made processed connections.

Construction from ready-made timber house kits

What is more profitable to purchase: timber from a lumber warehouse or a ready-made house kit from a specialized company? Both options have their advantages: a simple beam will cost much less, but assembling a house kit will take much less time. This kit can be produced upon special order:

1. The client contacts a specialized company, and a individual project home, which takes into account all wishes related to the thickness of the walls, the location of windows, doors and partitions, etc.
2. Upon request, a set of parts is manufactured and delivered to the construction site in numbered form.
3. The kit is assembled like a construction set in the most short terms, and very soon the house is ready for decoration and occupancy. Such a kit will immediately ensure strong connections between wall elements: they will not have to be adjusted directly on the construction site, all connections will be immediately cut to exact dimensions using special equipment.

The thickness of the timber used for the manufacture of house kits can also be different. Standard option: 150x150 mm; at the customer’s request, thicker timber can be used. This will achieve high thermal efficiency of the building.

Like any other material, profiled timber has several types, each of which has a number of advantages and disadvantages. Types of profiled timber have long been discussed on forums and by builders. It is difficult to lean in favor of one of them, since the range of these products is large and many types began to be used not so long ago. They have not yet shown themselves, and it is unknown what a house made from such a product will look like in 30-40 years.

We have already talked about all of them. But not many people know that the concept of “profiled timber” hides a huge variety of types of this product.

All differences between types of profiled material can be divided according to the following characteristics:

1. Size of profiled link. It can have different lengths and cross-sections.
2. Profile view. Comb, double, Finnish, etc.
3. Structure of the material. Made from solid wood and laminated profiled timber, warm.
4. Appearance. May have a straight face or a D-shaped face.
5. Dried or natural moisture.

All types of profiled timber must comply with GOST 8242-88. Let's take a closer look at these types.

Size of profiled timber

All such material comes in several sizes, which are specified in GOST. Of course, manufacturers meet the buyer halfway and can produce profiled lumber of individual sizes. But there are certain standards: 100x100, 100x150, 150x150, 150x200, 200x200. The main indicator is the thickness of 100, 150, 200 mm.

Let's consider each thickness separately.

Thickness 100 mm

This type of lumber cross-section is used to build lungs wooden structures. For example: bathhouse, gazebo, veranda. A thickness of 100 mm does not make it possible to build residential buildings from it. Although if you are building country house and you are going to use it only in summer time, this thickness is sufficient. In a cube of lumber of this thickness, usually: 100x150 - 11 pcs., 100x200 - 8 pcs. The profile of this type is usually two tenons - two grooves.

Thickness 150 mm

This cross-section of the product is suitable for the construction of a residential building, since it is already thicker than the 100x150 timber, but at the same time it is cheaper than the 200x200 section. In a cube of such lumber: 150x150 - 7.4 pcs., 150x200 - 5.5 pcs. In this type of profiled timber, a profile in the form of a comb is already used. This prevents houses made from such products from freezing.

Thickness 200 mm

Professionals for the construction of large residential buildings like to use this particular size of profiled product. This type has high wall resistance and is suitable for building cottages. The most common material is profiled lumber with a section of 200x150, 200x200 mm. In a cube of such goods: 200x150 - 5.5 pcs., 200x200 - 4 pcs. This type is more expensive, but winter time There is a flexible system of discounts.

The length of standard profiled lumber is 6 m. Manufacturing according to GOST standards is carried out by companies that are responsible for the quality of their goods. Houses made of profiled timber can have very complex design, and the manufacturer meets the customer halfway, producing material according to custom sizes. The length is also made to fit individual look project.

Profile types

Profiled timber has the main difference from a simple one - it is a profile. The profile is cut on machines using special templates. Great value when choosing profiled lumber, it looks like a profile. The profile displayed on the market has a large assortment, but it also has its own standards. The profile can be:

1. Profile with one spike.
2. Profile with two spikes.
3. Profile with beveled chamfers.
4. A profile with a large number of spikes is a “comb”.
5. Finnish profile.

I would especially like to note the Finnish profile. It appeared on the Russian market quite recently. He did not come to us from Finland. It’s just that the quality of such lumber is great, as are the background houses. One large wide groove is made on the bottom of the workpiece, and a tenon formed by two parallel strips is made on top. The groove has a depth greater than that of regular profile. When connecting raw materials with a Finnish profile, one link becomes more tightly connected to another. The Finnish profile provides greater protection from wind and cold. Shrinkage with such a profile occurs more evenly and, if insulation is used, it is practically invisible.

Material structure

All such lumber is divided into types according to its structure:

1. Made from solid wood.
2. Glued profiled.
3. Warm timber.

Solid profiled timber is made from solid wood with a cross-section of 160-200, 200-200 mm. All four sides are processed specialized machines. The result is a profiled material of the desired cross-section and profile type. Usually, varieties of coniferous trees are used in its production.

Glued profiled goods are made not only from coniferous wood, but also made of oak. The design of this material consists of boards - lamellas. They are glued together with a special glue, laying each lamella opposite to the cross-section of the fibers of the previous one. This makes this type of raw material more durable and makes it resistant to fire and rotting.

When producing glued products, boards undergo special selection, which makes it possible to improve its aesthetic properties.

I would especially like to dwell on such a new type of this timber as “Warm timber”.

Warm timber

A new product on the construction market that has appeared quite recently is warm lumber. Its structure resembles glued one, but has increased thermal insulation. Thickness of the structure warm timber 16 cm, will be level with a wall made of laminated logs 37 cm, and rounded logs 47 cm. This timber was designed for construction and living in extremely harsh conditions. For example, in the North. Such a house will not be afraid of temperatures of -50 degrees. The cost of such material is several times less than glued material.

It is made in multilayers using layers of lamellas and extruded polystyrene foam. Gluing occurs under high pressure and only dry lamellas are used.

We think that this product will take its rightful place in wooden housing construction.

Appearance

This timber may differ in its appearance on the front side. There are types:

1. Straightforward outer side.
2. D – Shaped face.

The straight outer side of profiled lumber is standard option. By using this type, you will get smooth and straight external walls.

D – The shaped front side is used for Block House buildings. This type of timber is suitable for those who want to have an aesthetic house reminiscent of a Russian log hut. The rounded outer side of such a profiled beam will make it possible to create such a structure. At the same time interior walls will be smooth.

Material moisture

The profiled product is divided into two types according to the degree of moisture:

1. Profiled timber with natural humidity.
2. Dried timber.

Material with natural humidity will contain 20-25% moisture. This has a detrimental effect on the house. Buildings made from material with natural moisture will shrink by 10%, but the price for such profiled timber will be less.

Dried profiled timber is processed in special chambers. There it is dried to a moisture content of 8-12%. This material will not shrink much and will crack less. This makes it possible to move into the house immediately after construction. The shrinkage of such a house will be 3-5%. Such timber will cost more, but the difference will be equal. Since, after shrinking, the natural moisture timber will dry out and crack severely, in addition, additional caulking of the walls will be needed.

Houses made from such timber throughout Europe are considered premium class houses, as well as panel houses– economy What type of profiled timber you choose ultimately depends only on you.