Increasingly, people are turning to companies that professionally engage in construction not only country houses, but also baths. Independent construction is becoming a thing of the past, since the price of a turnkey bathhouse is low (of course, we are talking about a small bathhouse 5x4 m).

Self-construction or purchase

So, to understand the pros and cons, we need to compare.

Selecting a project and layout

It is sometimes difficult to take into account all your needs and ergonomically distribute the rooms in a small bathhouse on your own. Whereas a competent specialist, even in a small bathhouse, will be able to arrange not only a steam room and a dressing room, but also a cozy place to relax.

Selection of building material

Qualitative building material is very important for the construction of a bathhouse, since this building is exposed to extreme temperatures not only from the outside, but also from the inside. Therefore, select the highest quality timber with sufficient drying or a rounded log natural humidity without knots or other defects - a very responsible matter. It is better to entrust it to specialists who have established quality control.

Total construction cost.

To answer the question, how much does a 5x4 m bathhouse cost in Moscow (MSK) on a turnkey basis or built independently, it is enough to produce simple calculations. Statistics show a small difference in price. But, taking into account the time and nerves spent, it still turns out that turnkey construction is cheaper.

The bathhouse is a great place to relax. It is not surprising that many owners of their own land plot In addition to the house and outbuildings, they want to build a steam room there.

In this article, illustrated with a photo, we will look at how to build a bathhouse with your own hands, having previously planned everything. We are sure ours detailed instructions will be useful to you and planning a 4 by 5 bathhouse will become an easy task for you ().

Buy a project or plan it yourself?

Of course, the easiest way is to purchase a project created taking into account your individual requirements regarding the following components:

• number of rooms;
• room sizes;
• features of the arrangement of shelves;
• presence of a second floor;
• possibilities for arranging a rest room, etc.

However, the price of such a project will be quite high, which will ultimately increase the overall construction cost and then the steam room will no longer be so long-awaited.

Advice. You can use standard projects, which are presented in abundance on our thematic resource. Here you will find drawings that have already been verified by other hobbyists water procedures. It is easy to make changes to any project taken as a basis that will satisfy all your requirements and desires.

If you decide to plan a steam room yourself, then you need to mandatory provide the following:

• locker room;
• steam room;
• washing;
• furnace placement;
• ventilation.

If you want to build a room for your family, then in this case you need to develop a plan for a 4 by 5 bathhouse, which will allow at least a small company to stay comfortably in it.

Main features of planning a bath for the whole family

Building functional steam rooms that can accommodate a family of four to five people is not only profitable, but also practical, because you can always invite friends over.

Below is detailed diagram baths 5x4 with a description of all the rooms that it includes:

• dressing room;
• washing;
• steam room

How to arrange a dressing room

The dressing room is necessary in order to protect the room from the cold, and it will also serve as a kind of vestibule, which will help maintain the microclimate inside the steam room.

Advice. If the room is adjacent to another building or is in close proximity to it, then you can refuse, which will allow you to significantly save on construction.

The layout inside the 4 by 5 bathhouse provides for certain requirements for the dressing room:

• the ideal size is a meter wide and one and a half meters long;
• necessarily insulated walls that do not allow gusts of cold wind and frost to pass through;
• availability good lighting– even large windows can be made here;
• the presence of benches for sitting, shelves for shoes and hooks for clothes.

How to set up a washing room

The layout of a 5x4 bathhouse necessarily includes a washing room. Here you can even install washing machine, thereby freeing up space in the house.

There are also certain requirements for the washing room, adhering to which you can arrange this room with maximum comfort:

• the minimum washing area is calculated by taking into account one square meter per person;
• the optimal size is 1.8 by 1.8 meters, and if you plan to install a bench or bed there, 2 by 2 meters;
• There should be a thin partition and a door between the washing room and the steam room.

Advice. Be sure to install a shelf or bench in the sink. This will allow you to relax there after the steam room. Also, children or adults who are contraindicated in the steam room can relax on the bench.

How to arrange a steam room

And the last thing that the 4x5 bath plan involves is the arrangement of a steam room, which, in fact, is the main room in the entire building. There are also certain requirements and rules that must be followed.

First of all, pay attention to the level of comfort - it should freely accommodate at least two people, and preferably three, which will allow those washing to monitor each other’s well-being, thereby increasing the level of safety.

The shape of the steam room is most often square, but the shape of a small rectangle is also acceptable. The stove is usually installed in the far corner, which will allow better control of the temperature and microclimate in the room. The hood is done near the exit.

It is also important to properly arrange shelves that may have different shape and appearance:

• small beds with a provided lining for the head;
• ordinary benches with backrest;
• convenient and comfortable bench, reminiscent of a chaise lounge.

There are also time-tested rules for arranging shelves, which are also recommended to be strictly followed:

• the minimum width of the seating shelf should be forty centimeters, optimal width the shelf for sitting is ninety centimeters and the width of the shelf for lying with legs bent at the knees is one hundred and fifty centimeters;
• the length of the shelf must be at least 180 centimeters;
• there should be a space of at least 35-50 centimeters between the top and bottom shelves;
• the distance from the top shelf to the ceiling must be at least one meter.

When setting up a steam room, pay attention special attention shelves, because mistakes in their creation will ruin the impression of even the most luxurious bathhouse!

In conclusion

Creating a bath plan for the whole family is not as difficult as it might seem. Choose from the projects presented on our website the one that is most suitable for you. If you are not satisfied with something in it, make changes to it, taking into account the above requirements ().

This will allow you to build a bathhouse according to all the rules, but also taking into account your wishes. In the video presented in this article you will find additional information on this topic.

For some reason, it is believed that more money is spent on the construction of a brick bathhouse than on the construction. If you use only new, expensive brick, this may be so. But you can always save money: buy used bricks. It will turn out very inexpensive. Even with what it takes exterior decoration and insulation (and insulation of a brick bath is necessary in any case).

When building with your own hands, it is not easy to decide. They can help in this matter finished projects. It is not necessary to copy them completely; sometimes it is enough to take an idea and modify it to suit your own needs. Below are several projects of small brick baths that are easy to build with your own hands.

Bathhouse 4 x 6

In the original version, the bathhouse has only three main rooms:

This bathhouse layout can be changed a little. The fact is that entering directly into the break room is not the best solution, especially in winter time: the cold will creep through every time the doors open. This drawback can be eliminated in several ways:

• Attach a vestibule outside. Moreover, make it insulated so that you are not afraid of cold air from the street.
• Make a covered veranda.
• Install another partition in the rest room, which will separate, say, a meter and a half. Get it long room dimensions 1.5*3.3 meters. To prevent the place from wandering around, it should also be divided into two rooms. Leave the corridor approximately 1.5*1.5. There will be an entrance to the rest room from it. And adapt the second room for a wardrobe and storage space for bath utensils.

How the plan of the bathhouse will look in this case, look at the photo below.

The stove in these projects is drawn with firewood from the steam room. But this is far from best option for such a small room: at least one and a half meters is taken away to organize the pre-furnace space: there should be a non-combustible stove, firewood and the door will open. If you consider that the area of ​​the steam room is just under 5 meters, then this is simply an unaffordable luxury.

It is more rational to install the stove so that it is heated from the rest room. Only this needs to be provided for when building the partition: leave an opening that will be slightly larger in size than the firebox outlet. The metal casing of the firebox is then lined with a heat insulator, and the remaining space is filled with brickwork.

A little about choosing the stove itself. First of all, you need to choose a stove for the mode in which you will steam: dry air (also called a Finnish sauna) or wet (Russian bath). Then you need to focus on the volume of the steam room (not the area, but the volume, taking into account the height of the ceilings). Dimensions also play an important role: decide what size the oven can “fit” in the space allotted to it and select options. Then, read reviews about the quality and performance of all selected units. Having weeded out those that have a controversial reputation, choose based on price.

Another version of a 6*4 meter bathhouse, but with a small open veranda and vestibule. Here the steam room and shower are small. Two, maximum three people will feel comfortable in it. But for a family bathhouse it’s a good option.

Since the dimensions here are quite miniature, you will have to look for a tall and narrow stove. Many companies have these. For example, under a brick screen, you can try to fit a small stove from a horizontal pipe; there is a considerable choice small ovens for baths, Termofor also has compact stoves.

Bathhouse made of bricks 4 by 4

Layout options for a small bathhouse for family use, 4*4 meters, are presented in the photo below. There are also several layouts in which the entrance to the rest room is directly from the street. With such a small size, fencing off some meters is quite problematic - the areas are already very modest. The solution then is to add at least a small vestibule.

In some layout options, the stove is heated from the steam room, in others - from the dressing room. But this can be changed if desired. The same goes for moving the oven to another wall. It is only important to take this into account when constructing partitions.

Layout of a brick bath 6*6

This option for arranging rooms in a bathhouse is more like a guest house-bathhouse. There is a rather large hall, a decent kitchen-living room from which it is quite possible to make guest room. The relaxation room, steam room and sink are small in size. Part of the washroom is fenced off into the bathroom. There is a veranda built outside. .

The dimensions of the rooms in this bathhouse project are as follows:

• recreation room total 4.4 m2;
• sink with an area of ​​3.7 m2;
• steam room 4.8 m2;
• bathroom 1 m2;
• hall 4.8 m2;
• kitchen-living room - 10.1 m2;
• veranda 4.7 m2.

This brick bath project presents interesting option furnace location: it heats almost all rooms. The coldest part is the hall. But the stove will need to be selected carefully: it must work both as a heating and as a bathhouse. Perhaps, to reduce the amount of hard radiation, it makes sense to consider the option of lining (with soapstone like soapstone, or lined with jadeite).

Any of the projects can be taken as a basis. Make adjustments to it, get your own bathhouse that will meet your needs.

Advantages of brick baths

If you have at least some knowledge of bricklaying techniques, you can build a bathhouse with your own hands. Even if you don’t know how to lay brick, you can learn how to do it. It is advisable to attend construction, watch the process, and ask questions. But if this is not possible, there are quite useful videos on how to lay bricks. Just pay special attention to the correct construction of the corners - the geometry and strength of the building depend on them.

Compared to wooden baths, that is, three significant advantages:

• brick does not rot and is not damaged by diseases and fungi;
• Immediately after construction, you can begin installing windows, doors and finishing works- it does not shrink as strongly as wood;
• the brick does not burn, because in the plan fire safety they are less dangerous.

It turns out that the labor intensity of masonry is more than compensated for by the absence of shrinkage. As a result, you will be able to steam much earlier.

Cons

We must immediately talk about the disadvantages of a brick bathhouse. First, this material has high heat capacity and good thermal conductivity. The term “high heat capacity” means that when heated, the brick “pulls” a lot of heat onto itself. And until it warms up, the steam room will not heat up either. The second characteristic - good thermal conductivity - means that the brick conducts heat or cold well. That is, if you leave the walls as is, even thick ones, it will take a long time to heat. That's why they do it in a steam room good thermal insulation. But they do it in a bathhouse from any material, even wood (not always, but often).

The second problem with brick baths is hygroscopicity. Walls absorb water, both liquid and gaseous. In an existing bathhouse, the humidity is always high, which is why it is a problem. It can be solved with a good vapor barrier.

The foundation will need to be made seriously: shallow ones will no longer work. They do it more often, but slab or

A brick bathhouse needs a serious foundation. Shallow ones will no longer work here: the weight at the walls will be quite decent. Therefore they make a full-fledged or slab foundation. In some cases (depending on the type of soil) it is possible to make a pile-grillage, but with a metal grillage.

How to insulate

To solve the problem of both heat capacity and thermal conductivity, it is considered more correct to insulate brick baths from the inside. In this way, hot air is cut off from a material with good thermal conductivity. The heat remains indoors. But at the same time, the brick outside freezes.

This option is the best if the bathhouse is unheated. After all, brick can only withstand many freezing/defrosting cycles. If every time the bathhouse is heated, it thaws and then freezes again, its resource will end in a few years. Then the brick will begin to crack and crumble.

If the bathhouse is heated constantly, then internal insulation You will also need to add the exterior (for finishing). Then the walls will stand for a long time, and the steam room will heat up quickly and cool down slowly.

But all these calculations are valid for the case when a solid brick wall is being built. But today this is not the only option. More and more often they began to build houses and baths from brick according to the principle of a thermos. They erect two thin walls, leaving a gap between them. Then there are two options:

• The gap is not filled with anything - the air has excellent thermal insulation characteristics.
• The distance between the two walls is filled with insulation. The cost of construction increases, but the room will also be warmer. If funds are limited, you can fill expanded clay between the walls. But you will need to take care of good waterproofing - expanded clay is also hygroscopic. Therefore, the option, although inexpensive, is not the best. The most optimal, probably, in this case is polypropylene foam or polyethylene foam. They do not rot or be damaged by fungi, have low thermal conductivity, and do not absorb water in any form.

Building a brick bathhouse with your own hands with a thermal insulation gap is technically more difficult. But build for yourself. But there are not many difficulties. You can handle it. Definitely.

If there is a thermal insulation gap, the bathhouse still needs to be insulated from the inside: the inner wall will still take away heat until it warms up. It’s just that the flaws will no longer be so critical.

Approximate procedure for insulating a brick bath

The approach to insulating a bathhouse is not at all the same as insulating a house. In damp rooms we need to achieve good ventilation of insulation materials. Firstly, this way they will warm up faster warm air and condensation will stop falling on them, and secondly, this same condensate will evaporate faster. Therefore, when insulating a bathhouse, a whole frame is made of brick.

Here is an approximate sequence of insulation layers (from the wall to the room):

• lathing made of timber 50*40 mm (100*50 for the steam room, so that the heat insulator fits) or aluminum profile for drywall;
• mineral wool thickness (for a steam room 10 cm, for other rooms 5 cm);
• rough wall (moisture-resistant plywood or other water-resistant board material, board well impregnated from fungi and mold, etc.)
• vapor and moisture insulation of the “Izospan” type;
• counter-lattice (the slats should be positioned vertically so that the air flow does not encounter obstacles);
• clapboard covering.

The cake will be quite thick. And this must be taken into account when planning: the internal volume of the premises will be smaller due to the volumetric insulation structure.

To be “eaten” less space, the walls from the inside can be covered with foam glass. It already has a vapor barrier, sheathing and lining. The option is less voluminous (the foam glass layer can be 5-10 cm depending on the region) and environmentally friendly: complete chemical neutrality and the absence of any emissions at any temperature. Just one caveat: foam glass is not a cheap material.

Ventilation

In any case, for timely removal of moisture and the possibility of good drying of all layers of insulation, it is necessary to brick wall make ventilation holes. They should be at the top and bottom of the wall. After all, a brick is not able to transfer all the moisture from the inside to the outside. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange ventilation of the insulation. But the windows should not be through, but should end in a layer of insulation. Then everything will dry well.

Well, to prevent heat from being drawn out during vaping, the ventilation openings can be equipped with doors. After steaming, they were opened - all the layers dried out.

Windows in the steam room

Almost none of the plans show the windows in the steam room. But for a Russian bath they are absolutely necessary. If you plan to create the conditions of a dry-air steam room - Finnish sauna, you don’t have to make windows in the steam room. If you steam like in a Russian bath - with a low temperature (50-70°C) and high humidity, then it is necessary to make a window. Even two. If something bothers you, they can be made opaque and called ventilation vents.

The main window in the steam room is located on the wall opposite the entrance door to the steam room. Its upper edge should not be higher than the ceiling. Dimensions - 40*40 or 50*50 cm. Something like this. It serves for burst ventilation between visits to the steam room or to reduce the temperature if the steam room is overheated. During the procedure it is closed (some people open it slightly when they are steaming).

The second - auxiliary - is located under the shelves. It is opened while the clothes are drying after the bath. This area is usually the most stagnant zone, where wood rot and other wood problems begin. Having such a window will solve the problem.

When building a brick bathhouse with your own hands, this must be taken into account. After all, in wooden log house a small window can be cut out in an entire wall, but this cannot be done in a brick one. So don't forget. And you need to dry a brick bathhouse (as well as any other one) carefully.

Basic masonry rules

When building brick walls, it is important to ensure the verticality of the walls and corners. It is equally important that the rows are level in the horizontal plane. Therefore, it is imperative to use a good one - to control the horizontality of the rows, and - to knock off corners and check the verticality of the walls.

Here are some basic rules:

• The first few rows are laid out from a whole brick - then all the rest are aligned with them.
• The corners are built first. They are checked for verticality on both sides.
• A cord is stretched between the two corners, along which all the bricks in the row are aligned (nails are inserted into the seam, the cord is fastened to them, only it must be at the same distance from the wall at both ends).
• When laying, it is important to work at such a speed that the laid mortar does not have time to set. In hot weather, to slow down the drying of the mortar, the bricks are dipped in water and then the mortar is applied.

The technique of working with a trowel when laying bricks is demonstrated in the video.

The most difficult thing is to lay out the corners correctly. After all, the dressing must be observed, and all this must also look good. How to do this correctly when laying a wall in one brick, watch the video.

If the wall is one and a half bricks long, the corners do this

These lessons clearly demonstrate techniques for working with brick, mortar, and trowel. They will help you build a brick bathhouse with your own hands, and do it correctly.

Do you want to spend time with maximum benefit, both for health and for the soul, then build a bathhouse on your site. This is where you can relax and chat with friends. Of course, it is very important then to consider the various designs of 5x4 bathhouses and choose the best option for yourself.

5 by 4 bathhouse project: which one is better to choose?

Before starting construction, it is necessary to determine the main criteria of the building. 4x5 log sauna projects offered various types buildings, you should choose the best construction option for your site. The main criteria include:

1. external design of the building;
2. interior layout;
3. dimensions of each room;
4. furniture and accessories.

Particular attention, of course, must be paid to the internal layout, since great value They play both in the size of the steam room and the relaxation room, in which you can comfortably spend time with friends.

The benefits of bath procedures

The bathhouse has long been valued by the Russian people. The traditions of bathing procedures were carried over from generation to generation. This was not just an opportunity to cleanse the body, but also:

• cure various diseases, especially those related to the respiratory tract (ARVI, influenza, etc.);
• get rid of mental wounds, incl. depression and stress;
• calm and restore nervous system, for example, using aromatic oils;
• increase blood circulation with the help of natural wood brooms;
• rejuvenate the skin of the face and body;
• improve the health of the human body as a whole.

Layout and design options

You need a 5x4 bathhouse; the project photos allow you to visually evaluate and compare the advantages of this option for you. Today, it is these sizes of buildings that are in greatest demand; from 3 to 5 people can comfortably fit there. It is recommended to reduce standard sizes steam rooms, then it will be possible to increase the recreation area. It houses not only furniture elements, a shower and a toilet, but also various accessories for a pleasant pastime.

The construction of the building will take a minimum of time and does not require special effort, if purchased ready set wooden beams.

A bathhouse measuring 4x5 m is an excellent option for a small area. Subject to proper planning, on the mentioned quadrature it is possible to arrange a relaxation room, steam room, wash room and small additional rooms, if their presence is necessary. At the same time, it is recommended to make the steam room and washing room in separate rooms - this is simply more convenient for visitors to the bathhouse.

Beautiful bathhouse 4x5 m with separate washing and steam rooms

After reading the information below, you will learn about the basic regulatory requirements for each bathhouse room, receive recommendations for planning a steam room, washing room and other important departments, and also consider several of the most successful and popular designs of 4x5 m baths with separate steam room and sink.

An example of an unusual design of a steam room separated from a shower room

The space provided by a bathhouse measuring 4x5 m is sufficient for quite comfortable rest family or small company of 3-4 people.

In accordance with current regulatory requirements, for each visitor to the steam room there should be at least 1-1.2 m2 free space, if a person steams while in a sitting position. If the bath lover lies down or prefers to take some other possible position, the requirements for dimensions steam room will change accordingly.

These points must be taken into account when designing a bathhouse in general and shelves in a steam room in particular. Information regarding possible body positions in the bath and recommendations for shelf sizes for each of them are shown in the following image.

Regarding the area of ​​the washing room, the recommendations are similar - at least 1-1.2 m2 for each visitor. In order to save space, washing is usually done relatively small sizes, so that there is enough space for 1-2 visitors who come here at the same time.

A modern compact shower cabin will allow you to effectively solve the problem of distributing free space in the washroom. In general, the dimensions of the washing room can increase depending on its operating conditions. For example, if the owner decides to install a boiler here for heating water or even a washing machine (relevant when arranging a bath house), the size of the room will have to be increased accordingly.

The recommended height of the steam room is about 210 cm, the washing room is 220-230 cm. When designing a steam room, you should adhere to the rule that there should be at least 110 cm of free space between the ceiling and the top shelf. It is also important that the top shelf in the steam room is arranged higher than the stove - the requirement is dictated by considerations according to which it should be the hottest on the top shelf of the bath. Directly heater (the most popular option sauna stove) is placed at an average height of 100 cm from the floor. For other types of sauna stoves, the requirements are determined individual characteristics units used.

To prevent water from splashing from one room to another, door thresholds are installed approximately 200-300 mm above the floor. The requirement is also relevant for the main entrance door; if the bathhouse is not equipped with a porch/terrace/veranda, then the high threshold will not allow melt water to penetrate into the room in the spring, and will make the process of clearing snow more convenient.

For ease of use, front door It is better to orient it to the south - in winter you will have to remove less snow. Regarding the orientation of windows, everything depends on the characteristics of the individual user. For example, if the owner likes to go to the bathhouse in the morning, it is better to place the windows to the east, if in the afternoon - to the west. If the bathhouse will be used after sunset, the location of the windows is not important.

Video - Mistakes when arranging a bathhouse

The steam room is the heart of any bathhouse, and the requirements for it are appropriate. You are invited to familiarize yourself with information regarding the key points of planning a paired room in the following table.

Table. Requirements for the steam room

Characteristics	Explanations
	For arranging a steam room, it is most advisable to allocate space on the first floor. It is more convenient if you can go from the steam room to a washroom, a room with a swimming pool (if provided for by the project) or a relaxation room. When choosing a door for a paired room, it is recommended to give preference to a product made of tempered glass. If you don't have one, you can use wooden model, however, any metal inclusions in its design should be absent - you are unlikely to be happy if you get burned on hot metal one day.
	As noted, one seated steam room visitor needs at least 1-1.2 m2 of free space. The oven will occupy about 1 m2. Additionally, you need to include in the project the space occupied by the aisles. Therefore, the minimum allowable area of ​​a steam room designed to accommodate one visitor at a time is 2.5-3 m2. In accordance with the given scheme, they are calculated optimal dimensions steam rooms taking into account the planned number of visitors. The recommended height is 2.1 m. If people go to the bathhouse very tall people, this figure can be increased to 2.2-2.4 m. It is not advisable to make this parameter more impressive - heating the surrounding space will require increased energy consumption.
	The optimal width of “lying” shelves is no less than 0.9-1 m, length – 1.8-2 m. In the case of “sitting” shelves, the optimal width is considered to be from 0.4-0.5 m, the length is selected in accordance with the dimensions of the steam room. Bath shelves are installed in 1-3 tiers, depending on the wishes of the owner and the height of the steam room. The recommended height of each tier is 350 mm. High-quality wood is best suited for making bath shelves hardwood. Linden has proven itself well. The use of larch and cedar is also acceptable. When choosing material for making shelves, make sure that it is dry, not rotten, and does not have resin pockets, knots or unsanded areas.
	To organize lighting in the steam room, lamps with wooden shades are used, designed for operation in similar temperature and humidity conditions. Regarding the brightness of the lighting, each owner makes his own decision. The best option there is a soft twilight - everything is clearly visible and the light, at the same time, does not “hit the eyes.”
	As a rule, the stove is installed opposite the shelves, closer to the door to the steam room. The choice of a specific type of heating unit remains with the owner. Classic option is a brick stove. If desired, the steam room can be equipped with a metal wood stove or even a modern electric heater. The distance between the heating elements of the furnace and flammable objects/surfaces in the absence of fireproof insulation is at least 300 mm, in the case of arrangement of the mentioned protection - at least 100-150 mm. For insulation you can use brick, asbestos cardboard, stainless steel sheets, ceramic tiles. The stove, the operating principle of which is based on the combustion of fuel, must be equipped with a chimney leading from the steam room to the street through the floors and roof.
	Traditional option for finishing walls and ceilings - wooden lining. It is best to use boards made from hardwood. Conifers Although they have a subtle aroma, when heated they can release resin that unpleasantly burns the skin. Important! It is prohibited to use any products made of PVC, rubber or plastic to decorate the steam room - in such temperature conditions they either quickly deteriorate or, in addition to this, emit substances harmful to human health. To finish the floor, either edged/groove boards are used, or ceramic tiles- at the discretion of the owner. Use for additional decor plaster, paint and varnish compositions, chipboard, plywood and other similar materials are not needed - in the temperature and humidity conditions typical for a bathhouse, they will deteriorate very quickly. If desired interior decoration steam rooms can be made using thermal and moisture resistant cork covering, designed specifically for use in such conditions, but it is very expensive.
	Subject to availability ventilation duct, installing a window in the steam room is not mandatory. In general, for greater operating comfort of this room, you can install a small window with dimensions of 300x300 mm, 400x600 mm or 600x600 mm - these are the most popular options. Important! As the window area increases, heat losses directly increase. The window is installed on a free wall that is not adjacent to either the shelves or the stove. When choosing the window installation height, be guided by simple rule: minimum permissible distance between the floor and the lower sash - 1.7 m. The frame material is wood or high-quality plastic, capable of maintaining its integrity and key characteristics at temperatures up to +120 degrees.
	For greater ease of use, the steam room should be equipped with additional elements, the compilation of a list of which is at the discretion of the owner. For example, you can install headrests for shelves, buy or make a ladle, tub, purchase and install a thermometer and hygrometer, etc.

Video - What should a steam room be like?

Design of a washing room

Generalized recommendations regarding the design of a washing room were given earlier. Now you are invited to familiarize yourself with the main stages of the event in more detail. Information on this matter is presented in the following table.

Table. Main characteristics of the washing station

Characteristics	Explanations
	The washing room can be arranged as a separate room, separated from other rooms by a solid partition, or as an adjacent room, separated from the steam room by a glass shutter. As for the relationship with other rooms, it is more convenient when you can get from the steam room to the wash room, and from there to the locker room/rest room.
	For maximum convenience, both cold and hot water are supplied to the washing room. Preparation hot water can be provided by a boiler installed in or outside the washing room, a sauna stove or other possible methods. Directly for washing in the room in question, either a shower tray is organized, or a full-fledged compact shower cabin is installed. If desired, you can drain water to 2-3 shower heads or install additional elements, for example, a tipping container with water (dousing bucket). If there is enough space, you can install a font with cool water in the wash room - this option is especially relevant for cases where there is not enough space to organize a pool. In addition to the shower itself, you should install a bench in the washroom, hang a mirror, and attach hooks and shelves for bath accessories.
	The removal of water from the washing room can be organized in several ways: - by connecting to the central sewer system, if possible; - into the pit, and from there along a pipe installed at an angle to drainage well, sewer, septic tank or other suitable location. To ensure effective water drainage, the floors in the washing room are arranged with a slight slope (on average 2 mm for every 1 m) in the direction of the drain hole. In accordance with current regulatory requirements, between the walls of the bathhouse and cesspools, septic tanks and other receiving containers for wastewater, a minimum distance of 5-10 meters must be maintained.
	For finishing lining of the washing room can be used various materials. The main thing is that they retain their original qualities for as long as possible under appropriate operating conditions.

Available options finishing washing facilities deserve special consideration. Information regarding the most commonly used materials can be found in the following table.

Table. Materials for finishing the washing room

Material	Basics
	A popular type of finishing, the use of which allows you to maintain the interior of bath rooms in a single style. It is important to remember the fact that wood and moisture can hardly be called best friends: in conditions high humidity the material swells quite quickly, rots and generally loses its operational and aesthetic properties. In view of this, it is reasonable to resort to the use of wood as a finish for a washroom only if a closed shower stall is installed in the room in question, which helps to minimize the contact of the finish and moisture. In this case, wood elements are subject to mandatory processing antiseptics and special impregnations that increase the moisture-resistant properties of the material.
	Listed materials in the best possible way Suitable for use in sauna washroom conditions. The owner has the right to choose the size, color, pattern and other external characteristics of the finishing at his own discretion. It is only important that the surface of the cladding is not slippery, and for grouting the seams between separate elements a special mixture was used to prevent the development of mold. Useful advice! To make visiting the bathhouse washroom as safe as possible, it is recommended to lay a rubber mat or a wooden pallet on the floor lined with the proposed materials.
	Finishing based on polyvinyl chloride perfectly tolerates contact with moisture. At the same time, the material is not resistant to intense heat, which is why such panels should not be used for cladding ceilings and walls adjacent to the steam room. PVC panels are extremely easy to install, come in a wide variety of colors, are easy to clean, do not deteriorate when exposed to moisture, are sold at a relatively low cost, but are not durable and environmentally friendly.
	The use of this moisture-resistant material allows you to create truly unique and extraordinary interior compositions. Along with this, natural stone Many bathhouse owners do not like it because of the “coldness” of the surface.

To finishing materials maintained their original characteristics for as long as possible; effective ventilation should be organized in the washing room. As a rule, mechanical (forced) air exchange is provided, for which a ventilation hole (air duct) with an electric fan is installed under the ceiling. If there is enough opportunity to ventilate the washing room natural ventilation, to ensure air exchange, a small adjustable window is installed closer to the ceiling.

Prices for bath fans

bath fans

Video - Washing room in the bathhouse

Useful information about other important areas of the bathhouse

The layout of a 4x5 m bathhouse is not limited to just a steam room and a washing room. Even on such a relatively modest area, you can arrange a number of additional rooms, the presence of which will make using the bathhouse as convenient as possible. Information about the “minimum set” is given in the following table.

Table. Important additional rooms of the bathhouse

Room	Description and important information
	At the same time it can serve as a locker room and dressing room. Here you can also equip a place for storing firewood. Standard equipment for the rest room: table and chairs or sofa/chairs. If necessary, a TV and stereo system are also installed here. Each visitor to the rest room should have at least 2-3 m2 of free space. In general, this indicator increases to the maximum possible and is limited, firstly, by the personal preferences and needs of the owner, and secondly, by the area of ​​the bathhouse.
	If desired, the toilet can be installed in the washing room, but it is more convenient when a separate room is allocated for this. This does not require a lot of space: the recommended area of ​​this room is about 1.5-2 m2.
	The presence of a vestibule in the bathhouse will allow you to use it comfortably even in the cold season. The main purpose of this room is to separate the cold street and warm bath air. If there is no vestibule, using the steam room in cold weather will lead to the formation of condensation, which, having frozen on the door, simply will not allow the latter to be opened in the future before the onset of heat. It is enough to allocate 1-1.5 m2 of space for the vestibule.

Video – Rest room in the bathhouse

Options for the internal layout of a 4x5 m bath: the best projects

The procedure for designing such elements as the foundation, wall construction material, roof characteristics, etc. determined by the characteristics of a particular situation and remains primarily at the discretion of the owner. You are also invited to familiarize yourself with the most popular and good options internal planning of the bath space 4x5 m with separate steam room and washing room.

The so-called “minimum set”.

The bathhouse consists of one floor and has dimensions of 4x5 m. There is no vestibule/anteroom, which makes the use of such a bathhouse possible only in warm weather(the reasons were described earlier). The entrance to the building leads to a fairly spacious recreation room measuring 2.85 x 4 m. It is proposed to install a table and corner sofa or shops. If desired, the room can be equipped with a TV and related equipment. From the rest room you can get into a wash room measuring 1.8 x 2 m, equipped with a shower, toilet and sink. The door from the washing room leads to a steam room measuring 2x2.1 m with a stove occupying 1 m2.

Kit interior spaces remains similar to the previous option, but a quite spacious terrace appears. The proposed dimensions are 1.5 x 4 m. If desired, the terrace can be glazed to create a veranda. Often, an additional seating area is organized on the terraces/veranda, or even a barbecue oven is installed, if free space allows.

The entrance from the terrace leads to a recreation room measuring 2x3.5 m. Recommendations for equipping this room are similar to the previous and all subsequent projects. Inner door from the rest room it leads to the shower room (1.5x2 m), from there to the steam room (2x2 m). Thus, even the presence of a terrace made it possible to correctly fit all the necessary premises into the available space.

In this project, a small dressing room with dimensions of 1.1 x 1.7 m appears. The presence of this room will allow you to comfortably operate the bathhouse in cold weather. It is also proposed to store firewood here.

The exit from the dressing room leads to a small corridor, and from there to the rest room. The latter is connected by a door to the washing compartment, and it is connected to the steam room. Recommendations regarding dimensions and interior design each room is shown in the diagram. You can take it as a basis, changing the necessary parameters at your discretion, or implement an identical project - ready sauna, despite its relatively modest dimensions, it will be very convenient.

Bathhouse 4x5 m, complemented by a vestibule and a bathroom

In this project, in addition to the main premises, there was a vestibule and a bathroom separated from the washing room, which is very convenient.

Important! In the presented example, the structure has dimensions of 5x5 m. To fit it into a space of 4x5 m, you will have to sacrifice some area of ​​​​the selected premises. It is most advisable to do this through a steam room and a relaxation room.

The door from the vestibule leads to the rest room, from where you can go to the bathroom or washroom. The washing room is connected by a door to the steam room. The project is one of the most successful and popular.

The presence of an attic tier allows you to use the space of the construction site with maximum benefit and efficiency.

Additionally, it is recommended that the building be equipped with a porch measuring 1.5 x 2.5 m. If desired, instead of a porch, you can make a vestibule, which will allow you to use the bathhouse throughout the year. On attic floor It is proposed to equip the bedroom. If desired, the space can be divided into a place for sleeping and a relaxation room, or you can make a billiard room here.

Video - 4x5 sauna plan, washing and steam room separately