Evgeny Sedov

When hands grow from right place life is more fun :)

Content

Liquid wallpaper, flock, compositions imitating masonry (wood species) are very popular in our time. All this refers to the fashionable way of outdoor and interior decoration. How to apply decorative plaster, what is this mixture? You will learn the rules for preparing the composition from the presented review. This seamless finish option is an excellent replacement for wallpaper and other materials.

Types of decorative plaster

Finishing according to manufacturing technology is divided into three types:

1. Textured has a rough structure of high viscosity.
2. Structural contains marble chips, the result of application is a smooth granular surface. Works well on drywall and other mineral surfaces.
3. Venetian - decorative stone-like plaster, has a uniform texture. As a result of application, it forms a perfectly smooth surface, similar to natural marble.

Depending on the resulting surface relief, textured plaster is divided into several subspecies:

1. The lamb makes the surface of the wall evenly grained.
2. bark beetle The surface treated with such plaster resembles corroded wood.
3. The fur coat makes the wall rough and fleecy.
4. Travertino is an imitation of brick or stone masonry.
5. Panel - three-dimensional drawing.

Classification by binder:

• acrylic (based on acrylic resin);
• mineral (based on cement);
• silicone (based on synthetic resin);
• silicate. (With liquid glass).

Additionally, specific types of this finishing material:

1. Color is represented by 15 shades. It is used as internal and front.
2. Roller contains a natural filler in the composition.
3. Latex plastic gives the surface a smooth and glossy look.
4. "Wet silk" contains pearlescent particles, gives the surface of the wall or shelf the appearance of a shiny fabric.
5. "Sea Breeze" contains fine sand, is used only for interior decoration.

How to make decorative plaster

After applying the primer to the walls, you should start preparing the decorating composition. How is decorative plaster made? There is nothing complicated about this, the material is sold in the form of a dry mixture, which is diluted according to the instructions. If you add solid components (pebbles, pieces of tiles) to the composition, the surface will acquire an unusual pattern. To give the desired color, paint is added in a ratio of 1/10.

Decorative plaster from ordinary putty can be prepared independently at home. This option is relevant for those who would like to save money by making repairs in the apartment. The plaster is prepared in a bucket: putty of any manufacturer (Ceresit, Dufa) is mixed with grout and water. Supplement the composition with the selected dye and other decorating elements.

Materials and tools

Before starting work, it is important to take care of the preparation of tools. You will need the following:

• drill with a suitable nozzle;
• bucket;
• structural roller;
• spatulas;
• trowel for structuring;
• grater or sandpaper for leveling;
• brushes and sponges.

Materials for the preparation of the composition are used depending on the chosen putty option. Can be applied:

• wax;
• acrylic lacquer;
• white putty;
• means for grouting;
• dyes.

Application methods

The technique of applying decorative plaster is a creative process that does not require special skills. Anyone can play the role of a master painter, decorating their room with this material. Before starting work, the walls are leveled and treated with a primer. The composition is applied in a layer of 2-5 mm with a spatula, trowel or roller. It is advisable to choose a tool that allows you to capture a large area.

The decoration of the walls with decorative plaster is carried out in different ways, depending on the composition and consistency of the mixture:

1. Spatula method. The composition is distributed on the wall or ceiling in a circular motion or up and down.
2. Distribution with a large brush will give a pattern in the form of waves.
3. Toothed roller, trowel or stamps give a repeating relief ornament.
4. The use of crumpled polyethylene will allow you to get a non-standard surface relief.

At the end of the distribution of the mixture, it will take some time until it dries completely (8-48 hours). Over time, the walls are leveled and dusted with a sheet of sandpaper. After that, a protective layer or wax is necessarily applied to the surface. As a result, the plaster will be protected from premature destruction by moisture and dirt.

Whether decorative plaster can be applied to plaster depends on the type and texture of the mixture. If it is coarse-grained, then it is allowed to apply the composition immediately to the primer. Fine-grained decorative plaster applied with a roller requires an additional layer of conventional plaster. It is important to wait until it is completely dry before applying (this may take several days).

How to paint decorative plaster

Wall decoration with decorative plaster sometimes requires additional painting. Depending on where the walls are decorated (outdoors or indoors, is it a kitchen or a corridor), the design is complemented by new shades or whole paintings. Thanks to this, the plastered surface becomes voluminous, and the interior - filled. It is important to choose and apply paint correctly.

Facade and interior paints are made on the basis of acrylic, silicate, water or silicone. In addition to the choice of paint, it is important to know its consumption, it is indicated on the packaging. As a rule, the height of the surface relief significantly increases its consumption. The technique for applying paint to decorative plaster differs depending on the surface topography and the type of plaster mixture.

Decorative plaster compositions - the most popular material for unusual finish walls. They allow you to create truly original interiors. The cost of such plasters is quite high. But we can quite save the budget for repairs if we apply them ourselves. It is not so difficult.

The main thing about decorative mixtures - what you need to know?

Decorative plaster (DSh) is a composition for finishing wall surfaces, consisting of a binder and special fillers. As the first, mineral (lime or cement) and synthetic (various resins - acrylic, polyvinyl acetate and others) components can be used. The function of fillers is usually performed by marble or granite chips, quartz, White sand, as well as combinations of these materials. LH with a mineral binder and coarse-grained additives are recommended for processing walls from the outside. But synthetic-based compositions and fine fraction fillers are more suitable for interior finishing activities.

Also in the described decorative compositions there is a pigment. It gives the mixture the desired color. The pigment is also synthetic and mineral (natural). Natural additives - indigo, ocher, cochineal, yellow minium, azurite, ground malachite, vivianite, charcoal and others, are prone to rapid burnout of LH. In addition, compositions with natural pigments are expensive. For this reason, plasters with synthetic coloring additives have become more widespread.

The texture of the described coating is formed using all kinds of granules, fibers, flakes, small gold balls. The most popular types of LH among home craftsmen are considered to be:

• Venetian compositions;
• flock mixes (coating with silk effect);
• bark beetle (walls after applying plaster become like tree bark);
• coatings with the texture of rain and rock;
• compositions with marble chips;
• texture compositions under the stone.

DSh is available in the form of dry mixes (they are diluted with water before use) or ready-to-use without any additional steps. The effect of using both types of plaster is the same. At the same time, ready-to-use compositions are more convenient for home craftsmen who decide to decorate the walls with their own hands.

Rules for processing walls with plaster - we are preparing thoroughly

Before using LH for its intended purpose, you need to understand the features of working with such compositions. First of all, let's find out what tools we need. Everything is simple here. We buy a scraper, a trowel, a drill with a mixing nozzle, a trowel, brushes, baths, rollers, combs, spatulas of various sizes. You may need other tools used for finishing work.

Then we proceed to prepare the walls for plastering. Their surfaces must be absolutely clean, dust-free and dry. If the walls are dotted with cracks, you will have to repair all existing defects. If necessary, we knock down the protrusions on the surface to be decorated and fill the depressions with a suitable composition. After that, we prime the cleaned base. This operation will protect the coating from moisture, deforming stresses, temperature changes, and strengthen the carrier layer.

We choose the primer taking into account what kind of decorative composition we use. Carefully read the instructions for the plaster! It indicates the recommended type of soil. Several Yet important points. The primer layer should have a thickness of no more than 20 mm. It should be very well compacted. If this is not done, the uniformity of the texture of the applied LH will be violated. In some cases, a layer of soil must be kept on the wall for several days, periodically spraying it with water.

If the plaster will be applied to drywall, wood, plywood sheets, wood boards(chipboard, OSB), they must be treated with deep penetration primers. Such bases are prone to deformation when decorative mixtures are applied to them. Also note that most modern LHs set within a few hours. However, they take 24-36 hours to dry. A complete hardening of the decorative composition is observed after 7-8 days.

How can a decorative composition be applied?

There are several options for processing the walls of the LH. The most popular ways of applying the composition are given below:

• spray technique;
• spraying;
• stretching (creating a relief with a trowel).

It is easiest for craftsmen to form the required spray coating. This technology is simple and clear. We take a suitable tool (for example, a brush or even an ordinary broom) in one hand. We dip it in a decorative composition. In the second hand we take a stick. We bring a broom (brush) to the treated surface. We hit the tool with a stick. As a result of the impact, splashes of the decorative mixture fly onto the wall. We get splatter and flake coverage different sizes. We are waiting for this layer to dry. Then repeat the above procedure. We impose as many layers as we need, smoothing each of them with a roller or other device.

A variation of the classic spraying technique is the so-called Italian plastering. The order of work will be similar to that described above. But when decorating in Italian, we do not need to wait for the previous layers to dry. The next portion of the solution is applied to a damp surface. Note! This method of decoration involves the application of layers different shades. That is, if we first use blue plaster, a mixture of a different color is applied on top of it. The result is original decor, capable of becoming an ornament to any home.

Spraying technology is a fast and effective way to finish walls with a decorative mixture. But for its implementation it is required to rent or purchase a special installation. LH is poured into such equipment, and it applies plaster to the surface.

Spraying is carried out continuously. Work always starts at the top of the wall.

The spraying technique is indispensable when we use LH of different fractions and want to achieve a unique aesthetic effect. With its help, you can finish the walls in one tone, and the slopes on the windows and other architectural details- in another. Nuance. On the main surfaces, the composition is applied with a layer of about 3 mm, on auxiliary surfaces - no more than 1 mm in thickness.

Plaster mortar is often applied by pulling. This is an easy way to decorate walls. It is performed using a steel grater or a conventional trowel. Finishing is done strictly from the bottom up. We hold the tool in relation to the surface to be treated at a 60-degree angle. After applying the composition, we form the required pattern and texture using a plastic grater.

In the next section, we will look at common techniques for decorating walls with decorative mixtures. With their help, we can easily make the interior of your home individual and very attractive.

Rocks and rain on the walls of the dwelling - we will do it ourselves

Now let's see what techniques are used to create decorative relief surfaces using LH. There are many of them. A common option is the formation of a rock texture. This technique is ideal for beginners. The procedure is as follows:

1. 1. We prepare the wall according to the algorithm we already know.
2. 2. We process the surface decorative composition. We apply it with a layer of up to 3 mm using a trowel.
3. 3. We distribute the LH along the wall (as evenly as possible). We create the drawing we need using the same ironing board.

The movements of the tool can be very different - horizontal, crosswise, herringbone, vertical and so on. We ourselves choose the appropriate relief and form it. In the case when the planned drawing does not work out, we quickly smooth out our art and try to create the original rock again. Note! The trowel should be rinsed after each individual section has been treated. Otherwise, it will simply stick to the plaster.

It is a little more difficult to apply LSH with rain. But this technique guarantees a more spectacular picture. The technology for creating rain is as follows. We mark the walls. We draw lines on them under a certain slope. They must have the same angle of inclination. And we take the distance between them within the size of three trowels. Stick masking tape on the line. We begin to apply plaster from the upper corner of the surface to be decorated with inclined stripes. We fill the space limited by two masking tapes. The working tool needs to be pressed against the wall a little.

As a result, we get a decor that looks like a hedgehog. But we want rain. Everything is elementary here. We wash the tool. We apply it to the plastered surface and smooth the mixture in one direction. Then, by analogy, we cover the remaining strips with a solution. When the LH dries, we remove the remaining minor defects and irregularities from the wall using a sandpaper or abrasive mesh. At the end of the work, we admire the rain that decorated our room.

5 Other Relief Image Techniques

The application of various types of decorative plaster can be performed using other methods. Let us briefly describe the commonly encountered types of wall treatment with the compositions in question:

1. 1. Boulders. To create such a picture, we need to apply a trowel to the primed surface with a trowel. And then finish it with a brush. We hold the latter with respect to the wall at an inclination of 90 °. If you want to get sharply defined boulders, take a hard brush. The soft bristle tool allows you to make more blurry drawings.
2. 2. Wave. We make notches on the wall, sprinkle it with water. We apply plaster in zigzag stripes. Then we smooth the resulting waves with a spatula or a trowel. This technique is often used when using Venetian plaster.
3. 3. Travertine. We collect portions of the finishing tinted mixture in a certain color on a spatula. We throw them on the wall. After that, smooth the surface.
4. 4. Broken stones. We process the walls with plaster. We are waiting for it to harden. We drive the tongues into the coating, chipping off small pieces of it. We get stones with crevices.
5. 5. Furrows. The technique involves the use of bevels with semicircular teeth. The distance between the latter should be 1.5 cm. Before applying the LH, we must sharpen the teeth. We apply the plaster composition to the wall. Smooth it out right away. We apply the rule to the mixture and at an angle of 45 ° the bevel (sharpened part). We create furrows. The type of the latter will depend on what kind of malka (with what shape of cloves we use).

You can try more complex methods of applying LH. For example, hatching-bouffant.

This technique is performed only on a fresh coating, which is processed with a metal brush. After using it, we wait a day and remove poorly fixed pieces of plaster from the wall. Remove excess parts with a rag, spatula or ordinary sponge.

We apply a decorative mixture with a roller - features of the operation

Wall decoration of the LH can also be done with a paint roller. Although this tool is rarely used for decoration. It is not used when working with Venetian plaster. But for other decorative compositions (structural, textured), it is quite suitable. The algorithm for finishing with a roller is as follows:

1. 1. We repair and clean the walls. We prime them twice.
2. 2. We prepare the solution. Pour it into a wide container.
3. 3. Dip the roller into the bath with the solution.
4. 4. With sliding smooth movements, we apply the composition to the wall. Be sure to leave small indents from the ceiling, adjacent walls and floor.

The plaster is applied in strips at a time. The movement of the roller is from top to bottom. If the LH does not adhere well to the surface being trimmed, we wet painting tool water. By pressing the roller with different efforts, we obtain one or another coating structure. Its final form, in addition, depends on the speed of movement of the tool on the surface.

Choose the appropriate method and technique for applying decorative compositions and feel free to get to work. You will succeed!

Decorative plaster is used both for facing transit zones and residential premises. AT this material Consider the basic principles of working with decorative plaster.

Decorative plaster is a practical wall covering that flawlessly performs its aesthetic functions and is distinguished by sufficient wear resistance.

The material is used both for facing transit zones and residential premises. In this material, we consider the basic principles of working with decorative plaster.

It is not surprising that the demand for plastering walls with a decorative composition is increasing, as well as the cost of pro services. But after all, you can do without a specialist: the implementation of this type of painting work is within the forces and owners of the home.

How to work with decorative plaster

Classification by type of binder filler

Before proceeding to the study of the features and nuances of applying decorative plaster, it is useful to determine the type of material. On the market of finishing materials are presented: acrylic, mineral, silicate and silicone plasters.

Acrylic plaster- elastic, ready-made water-dispersion composition. The decorative coating repels water and is resistant to ultraviolet radiation and pollution.

Mineral plaster is an environmentally friendly material that is recommended for decorating the walls of residential premises. The basis is lime or cement with the addition of solid particles-fillers of mineral origin.

Silicone composition - a paste-like mixture based on silicone resin. The material is not afraid of moisture and temperature fluctuations.

The silicate-based plaster contains liquid glass. This is the reason for the main advantages of the material: resistance to ultraviolet and high humidity, the formation of fungus, high level fire safety.

The advantages of the composition over other finishing materials:

• decorative coating visually eliminates the shortcomings of the base surface;
• visual seamlessness;
• ease of use;
• durability;
• environmental friendliness of the building composition.

Based on the decorative properties, plasters are divided into: textured, structural and flock.

The textured look of the wall decorative coating is used to create an imitation of the surface of stone, wood, velvet and silk. The material has good masking properties (hides surface defects), can be used for wall cladding in wet rooms.

Flock plaster consists of an acrylic base with an admixture of rounded "flakes" of a certain size. Thanks to the use of flock, you can create the effect of "under the skin", imitation of velor or suede fabric. The coating is UV-resistant and does not require additional detergents for cleaning.

Structural plaster is a granular mass of heterogeneous consistency interspersed with granules of mineral or synthetic origin: stone, quartz, wood fibers, and the like. To create a colored coating, a tint pigment is added to a mixture of dry plaster and water.

Preparatory work

There are three basic stages:

• Foundation preparation.
• Padding.
• Preparation of the building composition and application of decorative plaster.
• Removing wallpaper before applying plaster

To prepare the base surface, first you need to dismantle the old coating, remove cracks and other defects in the base. Level the walls using cement putty or ready-made mortar.

For good adhesion of the coating to the wall, it is necessary to apply a deep penetration primer with a strengthening effect on the base. If necessary, treat the surface with an antifungal compound.

Tools and auxiliary materials

In addition to the tool for plastering walls, you must purchase:

• a rubbing sponge (can be replaced with a kitchen sponge) is used for grouting. The rough side of the foam sponge can be adapted for rough grouting, and the soft side can be used for final grouting;
• construction mixer for mixing decorative plaster;
• tools for leveling and creating a relief surface: plaster trowel, scraper, spatulas, brushes and rollers;
• a container for mixing the solution.

Construction composition preparation

When preparing the mixture, you should strictly follow the manufacturer's instructions, which indicate the amount of dry mixture and water, as well as the sequence and method of mixing them. For mixing, a drill with adjustable speed and a mixing nozzle are used. It is necessary to set the minimum speed for the preparation of a homogeneous mixture.

It is important to correctly adjust the consistency by adding water: when applied by spraying, the maximum allowable amount of water is 5%, when applied by hand - 2%. The plaster sets quickly, so it is recommended to knead the composition in small portions.

Technologies for applying decorative plaster

Stretching is a popular way of applying a decorative coating to walls. The solution should be applied with a wide trowel in continuous movements from one corner of the base to the other. The layer thickness depends on the fraction thickness and varies from 2 to 5–7 mm. It is necessary to smear the building composition evenly over the entire area of ​​the treated area, and apply a decorative coating to the neighboring area “overlapping” by 4–5 cm.

Since the layer of material dries quickly enough, it is recommended to apply decorative plaster together: first, one person covers the walls with a layer of material, and the other, after him, levels the decorative layer to the grain thickness of the fraction.

After applying several base layers of decorative plaster, you can start creating artistic effects on a wet surface. We offer you some simple ways.

Surface decoration options:

1. Reception using an artificial sponge consists in light blotting movements. In this case, "spots" form on the wall. For greater effect, they can be painted in several colors.

2. You can get the effect of crumpled paper with a piece of highly absorbent cloth. The material must be crumpled and walked on a wet base with blotting movements.

3. Alternatively, you can use special textured rollers, the use of which significantly speeds up the process of decorating the base.

The technique of "spraying" is somewhat more complicated. First you need to apply two or three layers of decorative coating, and then proceed to add volume to the texture. To do this, you need a broom and a stick. Having moistened the broom in the solution, you need to hit it on the stick in such a way that the spray hits the pre-plastered wall. In this case, it is desirable to use one color for the base, and a lighter or darker shade to create the “splash” effect.

After 24–48 hours (after the topcoat has completely dried), it is worth cleaning it up by removing poorly fixed plaster particles, armed with a fine-grained sandpaper.

Coloring the decorative layer

You can start painting the surface only after decorative surface completely dry, it will take from 8 to 48 hours.

To paint a surface with a large fraction of the filler, several colors are used. The first - lighter - is applied with a paint roller, the base is allowed to dry completely, and only then the protruding areas of the relief are covered with a more saturated shade. This method allows you to make the walls voluminous and massive, so it should be used only in large rooms.

To do top coat durable and shiny, use the glazing technique. Wax was used in the old days, but working with it is very time consuming, so now they use a transparent varnish based on acrylic.

It is most convenient to cover the walls with it using a long-haired roller or a wide paint brush.published If you have any questions on this topic, ask them to specialists and readers of our project.

Among other types of finishing materials, decorative plaster for interior wall decoration occupies special place thanks to its characteristics and the aesthetic appearance that it gives to the surfaces to be coated.

Decorative wall plaster in its composition is similar to the usual one with common components - sand, cement, lime, but, unlike it, it may contain various additional granules: various crumbs, wood fibers, pieces of mica, and so on. Cement usually acts as a binding base, fillers are sold separately, and are added when applying the finishing layer of plaster. In addition, the structure of the plaster includes additives that improve its properties and provide antiseptic, adhesive, bactericidal and hydrophobic effects.

In addition to giving aesthetics to the surface of the walls, decorative plaster evens it out, smoothing out depressions and other defects. You can buy plaster both in finished form, in a pasty state, and in dry form for dilution with water. It is not difficult to work with this decorative coating; if you have the necessary skills, you can plaster the walls with your own hands without the help of specialists.

The popularity of this type of decorative finishing material is due to the advantages of plaster over other types of finishes:

• moisture resistance of the coating;
• resistance to humidity levels, temperature changes;
• no need to specially treat the walls before decorative plastering;
• providing additional sound insulation and thermal insulation;
• strength and durability of the coating;
• the ability to realize any idea, a variety of textures and shades.

Types of decorative plaster for interior wall decoration

It is possible to classify the material according to the type of binder and filler. In the first case, it is divided into the following types:

• acrylic (polymer);
• mineral;
• silicate;
• silicone.

Acrylic
Mineral
silicate
Silicone

Taking into account the type of filler, the coating is divided into textured, structural (based on marble chips), Venetian and flock. They differ in their decorative properties. Using textured and structural materials, you can create a relief on the surface, and with the help of the Venetian and flock type - a smooth or glossy wall.

In addition to the above, there are specific types of this decorative coating:

• colored plaster - it is based on marble chips and acrylic. Waterproof, durable enough, presented in fifteen shades;
• roller - consists of a natural filler with a fraction of 1 to 2.5 mm, when applied, it forms a texture with small depressions and channels;
• latex-plastic - forms a glossy surface with imitation of a smooth natural stone or marble, as well as relief textures. The material is resistant to moisture, it can be washed, add a different color when applied;
• "wet silk" coating - a texture with mother-of-pearl particles that imitates a fabric surface;
• "sea breeze" coating - creates a translucent layer with a slight sheen of mother-of-pearl, fine-grained sand is present in the composition.

wet silk
Sea breeze
Roller
latex plastic
color

Mineral

The composition of mineral plaster includes lime, mineral particles, clay of various colors, stone chips and cement as the main binder. Today, mineral decorative coating is the most common, it is considered absolutely environmentally friendly. Despite the fact that the structure of mineral plaster contains lime, it is not afraid of moisture and wet cleaning, it also contains substances that do not allow lime to dissolve. It is suitable for application on all types of mineral substrates, including concrete, gypsum plasters, drywall, fiberboard and chipboard. mineral mixture usually cover walls that are subject to abrasion, having ledges (corridor, stairwell, entrance area), as well as the surface of the basement of the building. In the photo below you can see an example of covering the walls of the hall with mineral plaster.

The advantages of this type of coverage include the following:

• high strength to mechanical and atmospheric influences, temperature extremes. Over time, the strength of the coating only increases;
• forms a "breathing" surface;
• fire safety;
• ease of care, the possibility of wet cleaning.

However, the mineral coating is afraid of vibration. Under such conditions, over time, it can become cracked and crumble if the wall was poorly primed.

The mineral mixture is sold only in dry form, prepared by diluting with water at room temperature. Mineral plaster is divided into types based on the size of the granules and the composition of the filler.

Polymer

It is an elastic plaster, with a base of various binders (acrylic, epoxy, polyurethane). Types of polymer coating are divided into aqueous and non-aqueous. The first type includes acrylic, polyvinyl acetate, butane-styrene plasters, the second - epoxy and polyurethane. Due to its composition, polymer coatings it is enough to apply the thinnest layer, suitable for concrete surfaces, cement-sand, drywall. The polymer solution is usually sold ready-made, applied in a continuous line of thickness, which depends on the size of the granules.

The advantages of this type are:

• plastic;
• vapor permeability;
• strength, resistance to various influences;
• hydrophobicity;
• environmental friendliness of the material;
• good sound insulation;
• a wide range of colors and textures;
• ease of application, which you can handle with your own hands without the help of professionals.

Silicone

Silicone plasters are durable, their only drawback can only be considered a high price. Silicone decorating mortar consists of silicone resins, various fillers (woven fibers, mineral granules), special additives (antifungal, bactericidal), as well as pigment of various shades. This material is a kind of polymer plaster, has the following advantages:

• creates a protective coating of the surface from moisture, damage;
• ease of care, dirt is easily removed from the coating;
• the color of the outer layer remains unchanged for a long time;
• protects the walls from the occurrence of fungus, mold.

Like any other type of polymer plaster, silicone plaster is applied to the wall, pre-treated with a special primer, which is produced by the same manufacturer as the plaster. Use only the type of primer indicated on the package. silicone coating by the manufacturer, when using any other, the decorative coating will not lie on the base in the right way. There is no need to dilute silicone plaster with water, as it is already sold ready-made.

Structural

The material produced on an acrylic or silicate basis has a thin layer structure. To create a decorative effect, quartz or marble chips are found in its composition. Mixed only available white color, pigments are purchased separately to tint the material with your own hands at your discretion. In appearance, structural plaster looks like a granular heterogeneous mass, therefore it is often used to create patterns. Structural mixtures are divided into types according to fine, medium and large fractions of stone chips. The photo shows coarse-grained structural plaster, which creates a noticeable decorative relief.

The structural mixture has good adhesion to most mineral surfaces and can be applied to drywall and chipboard. For decoration internal surfaces water-based structural plaster is used. The whole process of applying the material with your own hands is quite easy, since the mixture has high plasticity and is sold ready-to-work.

Textured

This type of plaster has less uniformity than structural. It is based on lime flour, granite, marble chips, synthetic fibers, wood, mica, and a polymer base can also be used. Textured finish is good for covering different surfaces – wooden walls, brick, plastered, concrete. The advantages of this type of coverage are:

• ability to imitate different kinds textures: stone, leather, paper, concrete surface, wood, thanks to which textured plaster has gained popularity among many users and designers;
• due to its structure with special particles, it masks noticeable defects and uneven walls;
• practically does not require special surface preparation before application, it is enough just to cover the walls with an adhesive solution;
• breathability, high strength and durability of the plastered coating;
• convenience of the material: it is sold both in dry and ready-made form in various packaging, the solution can be tinted during or after application;
• affordable price;
• you can easily create a design with a textured solution with your own hands, it does not require special skills or knowledge.

Textured plaster is divided into types:

• coating "lamb" - has a uniform granular structure, roughness;
• "fur coat" coating - the main component is cement, the surface is rough in the form of small villi;
• coating "bark beetle" - fine-grained stone filler creates grooves on the surface, imitating insect-eaten wood.

Lamb
bark beetle
Fur coat

Venetian

It is a multilayer coating, the composition of Venetian plaster includes marble chips and slaked lime. it smooth type plaster coating, outwardly resembling marble or onyx. This is an expensive material that requires special skills when working with it, in addition, it is characterized long process drying. It is applied in several layers (up to eight layers) with a rubber spatula, each of them should dry well. Often this type of material is used to decorate the interior of rooms in a classic or antique style. Venetian plaster can be polished to achieve a glossy surface, and can also be tinted with various shades. Before applying the Venetian mixture, you must first prepare the walls, otherwise the decorative coating may crack. Finishing in this way of plastering will help to get the effect of a visual increase in space due to the refraction of light from the walls.

Flock

This coating consists of natural cellulose, silk fibers, mineral filler and pigments. This type of plaster is expensive, but creates a highly artistic effect, additionally soundproofing the room. The cover is breathable and practical. A complex application technique includes three stages: applying the adhesive base to the walls, flocking and varnishing the surface, resulting in an original, aesthetic coating. The laboriousness of the process requires the use of professional skills and knowledge, so flocking with your own hands will be quite difficult.

The environmental friendliness and durability of the material contributed to the spread of its use in decoration. various premises- walls of apartments, children's rooms, public institutions, bathrooms, kitchens. Varnished outer layer does not undergo abrasion, combustion, moisture penetration, and if necessary, the coating can be easily repaired. The photo below clearly shows the aesthetics of this decorative coating.

Based on marble chips

Finishing with the addition of marble or granite chips creates a very strong and durable coating. Appearance similar finish depends on the size of the crumbs. To give the coating a golden glow, quartz sand is added to the solution. The coating based on marble chips is indispensable in those places that are most exposed to abrasion, mechanical stress, for example, in hallways, or in apartments with active pets. The finished surface with marble chips can be tinted with various shades.

Before applying the marble coating, it is necessary to prime the walls very well, otherwise they will shine through. Marble plaster fits well on almost any surface. This material is similar to Venetian plaster and its other common types in that it uses a synthetic binder as a base. The application must be carried out in continuous strips in order to avoid the appearance of irregularities after the complete drying of the plaster layer.

Creating a relief with your own hands

Decorative plaster must be applied to the prepared wall surface. At the same time, the old coating is removed, the walls are cleaned to a concrete or brick base, debris is removed with a construction vacuum cleaner or an ordinary damp cloth. Places where plaster can accidentally get during the process are sealed masking tape or covered with foil. Further, if there are cracks, they are repaired, and the wall is primed in several layers.

If you want to process a small area, it is recommended to use ready-made plaster mixtures, and if processed big square, it is more economical to use dry mixes, diluting them with water in accordance with the instructions.

When applying the material, it should be borne in mind that the light shade of the plaster is the basis for the darker one. The solution is applied with a rubber or metal spatula, flocked plaster can be applied with a spray gun. Next, the relief is applied with your own hands. In this case, you can use various tools: special patterned rollers, plastic wrap, draw with your own hands, apply ready-made stencils to extrude a pattern. After that, a thinner and darker second layer is applied so that the pattern can be seen from under it. After 30 minutes, a polyurethane sealant is applied to fix the result and give the coating strength.

Drawings and panels

Drawing on plaster will create a unique and original design. The photos below prove that a panel made with your own hands or with the help of professionals will serve as a decoration for any, even the most modest, interior. The best place for drawing a picture is to use a free wall, protruding or a wall in a niche. The panel should be in harmony with the rest of the room. All walls in the room should be decorated with panels only if it is a nursery. Photos and videos will help to understand all the intricacies of drawing a picture or a panel.

The simplest technique is the application of a three-dimensional stencil panel. To do this, you need to cut a pattern on a sheet of hardboard, plywood or drywall, which is then fixed to a leveled and dried wall using spray adhesive. The plaster is applied along the contour of the stencil, the more solution is applied, the more voluminous the pattern will be. After the pattern dries, a roller with tinted paint is rolled over it.

Another way is painting on structural plaster, in which, with the help of pointed wooden sticks, sponges, brushes cardboard template textures are created on the panel. The third, more complex way is stucco panels, that is, volumetric drawings in the entire wall or whole paintings. This technique usually requires the participation of professionals.

Methods for finishing with plaster

Creating a decorative effect on the wall begins after all the preparatory work is completed. There are the following ways to finish with plaster with your own hands:

• to create the effect of polished marble on the wall, Venetian plaster is used. It is applied with a rubber spatula in several thin layers. Each of the layers is applied with tangential movements and different spatulas, due to which the layers are superimposed in different directions, and the light reflected in them creates a glow effect. The finishing layer is fixed with matte varnish or wax;
• to create a simple relief pattern, the plaster is applied in one layer with a spatula and left to dry, or slightly smoothed with a trowel;
• with a notched or comb trowel, uniform patterns can be created and correct forms(semicircle, staggered);
• ordinary plastic film will help create a chaotic pattern: for this you need to lean it in expanded or folded form against the surface raw plaster, then remove, if necessary, smooth the relief. An example of such a technique is shown in the photo;
• with the help of special textured mixtures you can create various surfaces- such as "bark beetle", "rain", "rock". In this case, a spatula is used;
• a fairly simple way of finishing - with the help of nozzles for rubber rollers with a ready-made convex pattern applied to them. It can be a floral ornament, geometric shapes, and much more.

How to create a pattern on plaster

Care rules

Despite the fact that decorative plaster is quite durable and resistant coating, you should follow some rules for caring for her. The first year after application, it does not require special care, it is enough to carry out wet cleaning with the usual detergent or without it.

In order to create an additional water-repellent and protective coating plaster can be coated with special wax. After several years of operation, this method will help to renew the outer layer of the coating. After application, the wax layer is polished with a rag; further care for it should not include the use of solvents - only plain water or soapy water.

Glazing is another care option, it adds shine and emphasizes the relief forms of the coating. Applied special agent mitten, you can do with a sponge or brush. If the coating has lost its appearance over time, or it needs to be renewed, you can repaint it, remove it to the base and apply a new layer, or level it with putty on top of the coating.

Video

How to create a pattern on decorative plaster using special rollers.

Photo with decorative plaster in the interior

How surfaces decorated with decorative plaster look like.