Architects and designers often use in their work forged elements. Openwork metal grilles covering fireplaces or beautiful balusters on the stairs look elegant and noble.

If you know how to forge and learn this craft, you can create original products yourself.

This activity is suitable for anyone who likes to do it physical work and who is ready to get acquainted with the technology and features of metal selection.

What you need to know about forging?

Forging is a process of processing a special workpiece. Its purpose is to give the metal the required dimensions and shape. There is a distinction between hot forging and cold forging.

The master needs to get acquainted with both varieties in order to know the advantages and disadvantages of each.

Hot forging method

In the hot method, the metal workpiece is heated strongly. As a result, the metal becomes ductile. Hot forging gives the workpiece the required dimensions and desired shape. Available to the master various options works

Heating a metal workpiece also has its disadvantages. First of all, it is necessary to arrange a special room. You will need to buy a forge, for which you will have to buy fuel.

Rules must be followed fire safety, it is important that the master knows how to work with fire.

Having an idea about temperature conditions used in the forging process can be easily selected the right type forging

Cold forging method

Cold forging is a labor-intensive process. To achieve the desired shape from a metal workpiece, it is bent, pressed and welded. The technique is a little simpler compared to the hot method.

The workshop does not require a lot of space, and to set it up you do not need to purchase a special forge; it is enough to buy a forging machine.

The manufacturing process of a product involves working with semi-finished products. If a mistake has been made, it is impossible to correct it.

Choosing metal

Metals with certain properties are suitable for hand forging. The more ductile the metal, the easier it is to change its shape. However, ductility is inextricably linked with strength.

An increase in one characteristic inevitably entails a decrease in another. When buying a workpiece, the master must know exactly what its composition is.

Craftsmen make decorative forging elements from copper, steel, duralumin or brass. In addition, alloys can also be used. Information about metals that can be easily forged can be found in the Steel and Alloys Guide.

What tools are needed for forging?

Inventory varies depending on the forging method. Forge with an anvil, hammers and tongs will be needed for hot forging.

For the cold method, you need a “Gnutik” tool, which allows you to bend the workpiece at an angle, and a “Snail” machine for forging, which you can make yourself. The latest machine allows you to create decorative elements with a spiral shape.

Pay attention!

In addition to the basic tools for the cold method, “Flashlight”, “Wave”, “Twister”, a ring machine and others can be additionally used.

The modern market offers industrial machines designed to perform technological operations. In the photo of forging you can see a product made on the “Master 2” machine from the MAH company.

Hand forged

In order for the workpiece to acquire the desired shape, the master must use different techniques and methods in his work. Will need to purchase various instruments and master different technologies.

The cold forging method does not require an application from the master special effort. The work includes the following stages:

• creating a drawing or sketching a decorative element;
• procurement of workpieces;
• forging process.

Today a drawing can be made using computer program yourself or order it from professionals. The project will allow you to calculate before starting work how much metal blanks you need to purchase.

Pay attention!

The main forged elements are represented by the following groups:

• Paws. The end of the metal rod is given a certain shape.
• Curls. The ends of the rod can be bent in one or two directions.
• Rings. Decorative elements are made from rods with a square or round cross-section.
• Torsion. It is characterized by helical twisting along the axis.

3 generally accepted technologies are used: drawing, bending and twisting.

• The hood allows you to increase the length of the metal workpiece, reducing the value of its cross-section.
• Bending makes it possible to bend any part of the workpiece at an angle.
• Twisting is a technology in which the workpiece is twisted along its axis. A Twister machine is used for twisting.

All elements are assembled together and secured by welding. These operations are performed on a special table. Homemade forging cold method does not require special skills.

DIY forging photo

Pay attention!

Comments:

To add beauty and sophistication to metal gates or fences country dachas or private houses, spiral elements are increasingly being used. In order not to buy such elements in stores, manufacturers of fences and gates often bend them themselves. To make spiral-shaped steel parts yourself, you need a special device called a snail. With the help of such a device, metal rods and strips are bent different sections. If the workpiece has a square cross-section with a side of up to 12 mm, then such workpieces are bent with your own hands at normal temperature (so-called cold forging).

Figure 1. DIY drawing of a snail.

Considering that such a machine is needed by people who usually work with metal, they can make it with my own hands. In order not to waste time and money reinventing the wheel, they will be helped by drawings of a snail for cold forging. It is good to use low-carbon metals for the manufacture of spirals due to their good ductility characteristics.

General structure of the machine

Figure 2. Drawing of the base of the cochlea.

A cold forging snail is a metalworking device that contains a device that fixes the workpiece. A shaft with a spiral element is fixed to a thick metal disk or plate.

The end of a rod or strip is inserted into the locking device, then a rotating shaft winds it onto a spiral element.

The bending occurs from the action of the pressure roller, which presses the workpiece against the spiral element. Depending on the design of the desired product and its size, for each type of figured part, separate snails or snails are made with the ability to change their curvature.

There are several options for drawings for making a cold forging machine. Based on the type of shaft drive in machines, they can be manual or electric. First, let's look at a drawing of a machine for cold forging of a manual drive.

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Drawings of a manual machine

Figure 3. Drawing of the base of the cochlea.

The machine, according to this drawing (Fig. 1), is mounted on a base, which is a plate rectangular shape dimensions 220x190 cm.

This 5mm thick plate has two holes. One of them is round, with a diameter of 14 mm, for the shaft axis, and the second is oval, with a width from 6 mm closer to the shaft axis to 7 mm further from the axis (Fig. 2). This base is welded to two legs, which have a hole for attaching them (Fig. 3).

The shaft axis has a tapered end. It is firmly attached to the base with two M14 nuts.

The drive axle is freely put on the axle, which has a head with two mutually perpendicular through threaded channels (Fig. 4).

Handles are screwed into these channels.

Parallel guide rails (2 pieces) are welded to the lower surface of the base along an oblong hole.

Figure 4. Drawing of the cochlea axis.

The spiral-shaped element (the snail itself) is prefabricated. It consists of 4 elements, hingedly connected to each other by pins threaded through the eyes (Fig. 5).

Each cochlea segment connecting pin has a knurled head.

The arcuate lugs have holes for the connecting pin. They are welded to the ends of the segments. The amount of bending of the cochlea is regulated by special adjusting screws, which are screwed into the connecting end of each of the three segments so that they rest against the end of the previous segment.

Each adjustment screw has a slot on one end surface for a flat-head screwdriver.

The central segment of the volute is an eccentric with a hole for the drive axis, the first part of the spiral element and a fixing cutout. The fixing cutout is an eccentric semicircular recess in the first part of the segment with a radius of 7 mm, the center of which is located at a distance of 8 mm from the center of the part. The thickness of the central segment, like the other segments, is 25 mm.

Figure 5. Drawing of a cochlear segment.

Eccentric with grooved bottom, in the transverse channel of the head of which a lamb is inserted, is placed inside the guide. The latter is aligned coaxially with the semicircular cutout of the drive axle, and then welded.

A slider is inserted into the longitudinal hole of the base, which is pressed from below to the base. The slider fits freely between the guide rails using the flange cutouts.

IN top part The slider is screwed into the roller axis, which has a hex head.

The roller itself is loosely attached to the roller axis.

In this way, the roller can take a position along the oblong hole of the base and is fixed in any such position by screwing the roller axis onto the slide.

Working with this device is quite simple. To begin, insert the end of the rod or strip into the recess of the drive axle. By turning the eccentric using the thumb, the workpiece is clamped between its lower end and the walls of the recess. To do this, the roller is brought to the workpiece, the roller axis is screwed with a 12mm wrench onto the slider, clamping it. The workpiece is placed between the eccentric of the central segment of the volute and the roller.

Next, turn the drive axis clockwise, winding the workpiece over the central segment. When the workpiece is wound to the end of the central segment, a second segment is attached to it using a connecting pin. The roller moves to a new position.

And so on, it is bent until the workpiece is given the desired shape. To remove the resulting product from the machine, the eccentric is turned with a thumb and the end of the workpiece is released. Having lifted the drive axis with the eccentric and the entire volute, the latter are removed from the manufactured spiral.

Forged products are created using hot and cold processing. The last method does not require special skills, but to implement it you need special devices. There are various drawings of cold forging machines, many of which are suitable for self-creation tool.

Manufacturing Features

Forged are formed metal elements as a result of deformation, while in the process of work must be taken into account performance characteristics material.

Structure crystal lattice metal consists of grains that have an irregular shape. The tool used for forging affects it and leads to a change in the appearance of the part. Special significance has a selection of machine drawings, since the workpiece must retain its previous properties.

Homemade cold forging machine: manufacturing rules

There are certain rules, compliance with which ensures obtaining the required result:

• Creating a suitable configuration is possible using several tools.
• Before production begins, the parameters of the formed products are calculated.
• The rods used for workpieces can have different diameters, which are selected taking into account the degree of complexity of the equipment and subsequent operation.
• It can only be processed because other types do not have the necessary plasticity.

"Gnutik"

For cold forging, you can make it yourself, just understand the intricacies of using the tool and select suitable drawing. "Gnutik" is necessary to create corners various configurations. Its main structural elements are a driving stop and two shafts placed on a steel plate.

Homemade cold forging of this type must be created in accordance with certain features. For example, the deformation angle must initially be determined. It is also possible to add an additional bending element; if used, a third rotating shaft is mounted.

The tool is made of special steel, since it bears heavy loads during the process. It is worth noting the possibility of collecting various parts, including wavy ones.

"Twister" and "Snail"

Today artistic forging cannot do without parts in the form of a screw. Their creation is ensured by manual cold forging machines called “Twister”. They have characteristic feature, which consists in scrolling the rod along its axis. The tool consists of a movable and a fixing part. The rotary handle deforms the workpiece, which is fixed between the main parts of the structure. It is worth noting that the spiral is formed from the side of the product fastening, and the applied forces can be reduced with proper calculation of the lever that exerts pressure. This device allows you to produce parts for metal fences and window grilles.

"Snail" is the simplest homemade machine for cold forging, which ensures the formation of spirals with the required number of turns. It is the most popular and can be adapted to produce the desired product. The tool is equipped with a manual or electric drive, the type of which is selected in accordance with the intensity of use.

Homemade cold forging machine: preparation of materials

First you need to draw a spiral with an identical pitch of all turns. In this case, you need to start from the workpieces used, since the stroke width, as a rule, is within 15 mm, while the tool is intended for rods with a cross-section of 10 mm. Free space necessary for maneuver, since when the workpiece is fully compressed, bending will become impossible.

Next, you need to cut a plate measuring 20x20 cm from a steel sheet. Despite its small dimensions, it will provide optimal implementation workflow. In accordance with the length of the expected “snail”, a steel cut is made. The strip must be bent using pliers, placed on the plate and outlined with a bright marker on all sides.

Next, a part of the rod is cut off with a length equal to the width of the steel strip. The main thing is that it does not exceed this parameter, as this may cause injury during bending. The rod is necessary to secure the material at the first stage of creating the product in order to prevent free movement at one point.

A part with a length of 10 cm is cut off. It will combine the sheet and the base on which the fixation will be made. Because of high degree Loads should only be applied to thick-walled materials. After all the main elements have been prepared, you can assemble a homemade cold forging machine, the drawing of which is presented below.

Assembly of the structure

The steel “snail” is divided into turns, the first of which will hold the workpiece, and the others will contain the turns of the rod themselves. The central part is welded to the base, and the resulting seam should not have even the slightest imperfections. The pieces of rod are welded to the main part of the strip, the distance between them should be 3 cm. Care must be taken when forming the seams, and then knock them down with a hammer.

Then the strip sections are installed in the required places and outlined with a marker. The resulting circles are needed to form holes. They must fully match the diameter of the legs to ensure easy installation and withdrawals.

The final stage is welding profile pipe in the lower part, as well as a fixing element next to the “snail”. Photos of homemade cold forging machines made in a similar way are presented above.

With the naked eye you can notice that this or that person has developed beautiful fence or gates, various types of decoration items for personal plots. All this is brought into reality through forging, with the absence of any temperatures.

IN modern society Cold forging of metal is very well developed. For for many years Since the existence of such a craft, people have created tools that can be used to produce fine decorative elements from iron.

Mechanisms without which cold forging would be a very difficult task

Snail mechanism

It is used to give individual sections of forgings a spiral shape. As a rule, the snail itself is attached to a thick, iron

plate and can be removable. The thickness of such a plate should be no thinner than 4 millimeters thick. As a rule, for a product that is created by hand, it is necessary to make various impressions, called templates. Using prepared templates, it is possible to give steel rods various shapes.

Mechanical device station wagon

On such a device cutting, riveting and shaping are carried out. Quite a convenient thing, in its own way. Unlike a factory-made electric mechanism, you can also assemble it yourself and save your budget.

Gnutik device

It produces arc deformation at an angle. The main thing is to make drawings in advance and accurately mark the degrees of angles in order to use the machine to accurately bend the rods.

Analogue of the twister

Helps to bend along the longitudinal axis of a finished object. Such a device can be made in several ways. Using a metal template, as is common, and securing large bolts to a thick board. The essence of such a machine is that both ends of the metal rod are clamped and on one side, using a rotating handle, twisting is performed.

Wave unit

With its help, you can produce wavy blanks from metal rods. Using such a machine, you can produce periodic gratings of the “Boyarskie” and “Volna” types.

Die press

With the help of such a press, stamps with various patterns are applied to the product. As a rule, there should be a huge number of such stamps with various designs. This is done by pressing a stamp into the metal. Accordingly, under pressure, clear imprints of patterns remain on the metal.

Mechanical unit

For bending circles of metal rods, various diameters. When circles must be present in the design of the decor, such a device is indispensable.

In blacksmithing, a red blank, or a separate part, is usually called a “forging.” The same term is used in hot metal forging. Only it already means the process of forging metal to give the workpiece the required shape.

Types of cold forging

There are directly 7 types of cold forging, which are produced according to a strict sequence. Each type is a specific process performed with workpieces. If you do not perform these actions in accordance with the requirements, then you will not succeed. So, let's look at these types.

Directly, forging metal blanks. Forging is the most complex and voluminous process in blacksmithing. Cold forging is divided into the following types and subtypes:

Draft

This action is performed under pressure. This is done in order to reduce the height of the workpiece and increase the lateral dimensions of the workpieces.

Broach

This action is carried out by heating the workpiece and processing it with a hammer. Due to this, the cross-sectional area decreases and the length of the workpiece increases.

Firmware

This action is performed to obtain on blanks required holes. As a rule, when performing such an action, grooves of various sizes and holes of various diameters appear on the workpieces. There are several types of firmware:

Open firmware

It is produced by continuous stitching, due to the displacement of metal. However, this action entails additional processing of the workpiece.

Closed firmware

Produced using hollow stitching. Typically used when making large holes.

Advice: “Due to the upsetting and broaching of metal blanks, the structure of the metal can become brittle. Therefore, it is necessary to handle workpieces carefully to prevent sudden breakdown of one or another part! In the best case, you will have to redo the forging, and in the worst case, it can cause irreparable harm to your health!”

This is not the end of the cold forging process, but rather is in full swing.

Visualization of the cold forging process.

Stamping

(stamping) - is the process of plastic deformation of a workpiece, with a change in the shape and size of the metal. There are several types of stamping:

Volume stamping

Produced by pressure. When the forging part is heated to the appropriate dimensions, it is pressed with special dies. This method is used in industries where parts obtained in this way are produced in batches.

Sheet stamping

Made from sheet iron. Used in the production of small and medium-sized metal parts. This type of stamping allows you to achieve high quality and strength from manufactured parts.

Pressing

This metal processing process is carried out by high pressure, due to which the density of the metal increases and its shape changes. There are several types of pressing:

Direct pressing

This method allows you to obtain various profile blanks (rods, pipes, profiles). The process involves extruding metal through a specific hole.

Reverse pressing

In this process, the workpiece is placed in a mold, and the pressure is applied in the opposite direction than during direct pressing.

Drawing

It is the process of drawing already pressed rods through a special drawing matrix. Through this process, it is possible to obtain wire, shaped profiles, and pipes with thin walls.

The final and also quite important stage is rolling.

This process involves the law of “Friction Forces”, due to which, through friction with special rollers on the surface of the workpiece, plastic deformation occurs. In turn, there are 5 types of rolling products:

The final stage of cold forging is rolling.

Longitudinal rolling

When using this type of rolling, on the machine, the rollers rotate in different sides. Due to this, a gradual compression and elongation of the part occurs. IN in this case sheet iron, strip iron and strips are produced.

Cross rolling

With this type of rolling, the rollers move in one direction. Due to this, the part is subject to deformation in transverse movement. For example, using this type, cylindrical gears with knurled teeth are obtained.

Cross or helical rolling

in this case, the rollers on the machine are installed at an angle to each other. Thus, the forging receives translational and rotational movement. There is a gap between these shafts and the metal, falling into this gap, receives its deformation. This type of rolling is used to create pipe blanks, the so-called “sleeves”.

Design drawing

Before you start assembling, you need to create a project that will describe in detail everything that you are going to turn into reality.

However, before creating your steel brainchild, you need to read a lot of literature, which describes in detail all the devices. So that during the assembly process there is no unforeseen situations, it is important to have an understanding of the machine, its dimensions, and the dimensions of each of the parts that will be involved in the project.

Because all the parts will be made from rough metal or from any parts that are lying idle in your garage.

So, before starting to manufacture a product for forging, it is necessary to make a frame, on the surface of which all necessary details machine

To have an idea about homemade machine and about forging in general, and also learn how to assemble, look video video below:

Now that you have an idea, you can start making the frame.

Important to know! The dimensions of the bed must be calculated in strict accordance with the occupied plane of the placed devices. It is worth considering that devices in work should not interfere with each other!

The frame must be made of durable material. It can be solid wood, quite dense and thick, or an iron plate. However, it must have an iron support made of legs welded or firmly fixed to the frame. When finished, you should have a durable workbench.

After the frame is made and installed in the required location, you can begin to assemble and attach all the devices to the frame.

Advice: “During the assembly of the machine, it is necessary to check the mechanisms for correct operation, so that if there is a malfunction, you can replace the damaged part and continue assembly!”

Above is a diagram of the assembly of the device, the so-called “Snail”. It is intended for the production of spiral curls on a forging.

Components of the mechanism

• The leading ploughshare of the snail itself,
• Main axis,
• Levers for performing power operations,
• Clamp for metal workpiece,
• Machine platform,
• Pressure roller,
• Finger for fixing the snail shares,
• Spring for attracting the pressure roller,
• Roller control lever.

Tip: The longer the levers for applying force, the easier the forging will bend!

The universal cold forging machine is designed for cutting metal strip, metal rod or square. You can also punch holes for

Drawing of a universal machine

rivets and rivet this or that part. It is adapted for bending at a given angle and for rolling. This device consists of 39 parts. You can find out more about them in this archive.

Gnutik

Photo gnutik

Designed for bending various metal workpieces, as well as arc forgings of a certain radius. For the manufacture of this machine, mainly tool steel is used. This is explained by the fact that large loads predominate in the device. It consists of a handle moving along the axis of a corner bend, three rollers, which in a fixed state resemble a triangle. Also fasteners and elements for fastening the machine to the frame.

Twister

Twister drawing

Designed for bending metal rods, squares and strips around the longitudinal axis. The result is torsion twisting. Consists of two fasteners mounted on a reinforced frame with holes for metal rod and handles to make movements along the axis. More detailed information can be found in the archive of drawings of this device.

The wave device is designed to change the bending of a metal workpiece, producing wave-like parts. In terms of its significance, this is the same flex, but the wave has a complex structure.

Using a stamp press, you can make impressions of designs on metal blanks.

Important to know! After all these devices are installed on the frame, it is necessary to check each of them for functionality! Such actions must be carried out with great caution, since if the metal ruptures, it can cause colossal harm to your health!

If you suddenly decide to do it yourself, be sure to draw all the necessary sketches and drawings with dimensions, presumably the same dimensions as they will be in the prefabricated structure.

This maneuver will allow you to have a complete understanding of the future machine and will help you edit all the details in the drawing. Also watch many videos on the Internet on the topic “ How to do devices for cold forging? This will make it possible to have an idea of ​​the complete picture.

Also read a little literary works, which are devoted to this issue. How to make You should also study this or that part, as well as what material it should be made of. Once you know for sure what's what, you can easily make a machine with your own hands!

Below are three videos dedicated to separate parts mechanical unit, without the use of high temperatures:

Device "Houndstooth" video

Device "Twister" video

Device "Snail" video

Looking at the fences, gates, gates of various cottages, a person who has no idea about blacksmith tools or work in a forge asks: where does this money come from? A person who understands blacksmithing will answer him that such things (metal furniture decorations, swings, benches) are made using devices for cold forging.

The cost of cold forging is not too high. This is due to low equipment costs and high processing efficiency. A blacksmith who does this type of work can quickly start making a good profit. Probably, some cottage owners make all the fences and gates themselves, because cold forging can be done in a garage or barn without having any special skills.

The main thing you need is homemade equipment for cold forging. If you wish to do various items made of metal, you will need five to seven types of equipment. You can make three to five cold forging machines with your own hands. Before you start crafting, you need to learn the basics of working in a forge.

Stamping, forging, bending

Cold forging differs from stamping in that the material practically does not flow under the influence of the tool. Look at a beer can or, for example, an aluminum/tin teapot. Their extrusion is carried out in 1 blow of the stamping device.

Cold forging differs from hot forging in that the part is not heated before processing. The workpiece is, as it were, riveted by hitting it many times. The metal structure changes significantly. The surface strength increases, and the middle becomes more viscous. Handicraftsmen really value tires for carriage wheels and parts of rails.

The metal is riveted using a conventional hammer. Making it yourself is easier than making a homemade cold forging machine. However, such forging still differs from cold hardening. When it is performed, the metal structure does not change much.

Currently there are various types machines for cold forging. An electric drive is rarely used, because the increase in efficiency it causes often does not justify the difficulty of creating it and the expense of electricity. For cold forging, machines are divided into:

• twisters - form flat spirals and other curls with a narrow middle;
• torsion bars - make it possible to create a screw twist of a rod and parts from volumetric spirals (filaments);
• stamping-inertial - with their help they perform splashing of shaped tips, stamping of decorative clamps to combine patterned parts, extrusion of relief elements on long products;
• bending - processing is carried out by pressing, drawing or a combination of these methods. In the first case, waves and zigzags are made, in the second - rings and curls.

In various books, especially English ones, all homemade do-it-yourself cold forging machines that form products by twisting/curling are often called twisters. Initially, the twister was used to wind springs. However, it is more correct to believe that a twister is a winding device, and a torsion bar machine is a torsion device.

Gnutiki

In a do-it-yourself cold forging machine, a bender is a device designed to produce zigzag elements. By replacing the roller/wedge, it is possible to change the zigzag angle within a certain range.

A bend for pipes and rods up to sixteen millimeters is cheap. Make it in living conditions difficult because spot processing is necessary. Try ordinary electric drill make a hole in wrench. But the load in the bend is much greater. In view of this, it is easier to purchase a flex. It can be used both for forging with your own hands and for the production of welded parts metal structures, bending small pipes.

Twisters

Since ancient times, blacksmiths have made curls according to a mandrel template using a horn gripper-lever. This method is ineffective, but it makes it possible to create various bending mandrels from an ordinary metal strip without much difficulty and a lot of time. The persistent lever horn does not allow the template to move under the pressure of the part. The horn must be sliding and fixed. Processing will proceed more slowly, but with greater accuracy.

One more thing homemade device for shaped bending it is a strong board with support pins. They can be ordinary bolts. It is possible to process a strip of up to six millimeters. It all depends on your physical strength. Bend the strip “by eye”. The process is quite slow, but it is possible to create a wide variety of patterns.

Snails

One of the varieties of twister (forging machine) is a snail. It is very common among people who do artistic forging. The snail has a simple design and can be created at home. In addition, it is easy to use and multifunctional. The snail machine is ideal for forging. It consists of a bending lever, which is slightly improved and mechanized. This equipment for cold forging of metal is divided into 2 types.

With ploughshare

The operating diagram of this device for cold forging is as follows:

1. The snail turns.
2. The workpiece is fixed on the device.
3. The roller is pressed against the part by means of a spring.
4. The cochlea rotates clockwise (levers are used).
5. The fixation is removed, the cochlea rises, and the finished curl is taken out of the device.

The advantages of such a twister are:

• It is possible to process parts without special equipment. This is due to the fact that the vertical load on the floor of the room is quite small.
• The support is quite simple to make; you can weld it from ordinary metal profiles.
• It is possible to work alone. Turn the collar with one hand and press the strip against the ploughshare with the other.
• It is possible to make spirals with five turns.

Lever

These manual cold forging machines have a design similar to a pipe bender. They are less efficient than gated devices. The load is quite large. Because of this, a strong base made of special steel is required. After turning the lever until it jams, you need to move the pressure roller. You can create up to four curls on a snail. Such manual machine for cold forging with your own hands has the following features:

• All elements, with the exception of the pressure roller, can be made of ordinary steel.
• The pressure roller can be a standard roller bearing.
• The machine base can last more than a thousand work cycles.
• Bending can be done either using a template or using spacers.
• It is possible to quickly change the shape of the manufactured product and make reverse folds.
• The end of the workpiece can be fixed by placing it in a template recess. Widening is carried out by welding or bending.

Torsion bars

This cold forging tool makes it possible to increase efficiency and increase the quality of manufactured products. The working force is quite large, therefore a base of high strength is required. A backbone I-beam frame of one hundred millimeters or a pair of connected channels is suitable. The base must be securely fixed to the supporting surface by means of the paws attached to it.

The part (a square-shaped rod) is fixed with chucks and mandrels with sockets. Due to the fact that the rod decreases in length when twisted, the chucks in the spindle element and tailstock must be well secured with screw clamps. The tailstock must be sliding.

If the device is needed to make, for example, a small fence, then you can make a cold forging machine with your own hands from scrap or improvised means.

Electric drive

Working on a torsion bar with a non-electric drive is tedious. Good quality almost impossible to achieve. This is due to the fact that it is difficult to achieve a uniform torque manually. In view of this, it is better to use an electric drive, which must be installed in the forging tool. The drive can be made from available means (axle drive axle of a rear-wheel drive car, gear differential pair). The engine is 1.5-3 kW, 900 rpm. You can familiarize yourself with other options by watching the corresponding videos on the Internet.

Wave and zigzag

How to make a cold forging machine, through which it is possible to create wave and zigzag elements? To do this, you will need rollers made of tool/chromium-nickel steel. Limiters are placed in the arc, making it possible to create an accurate wave profile.

If you install a special gate on the snail, you can create waves. The handles are the same. They are screwed into the threaded sockets on the gate head. It is recommended to place the main roller separately and attach it to the base with head bolts.

Forged products must be combined into one whole. The easiest way is to weld and then smooth the seams with a grinder and a grinding wheel. It is thicker than cut-off and copes with bending forces. Parts that are connected with shaped clamps look much better. Stamping is carried out from a strip of one and a half millimeters. The clamp blank is made in the shape of the letter “P”. Her wings bend with back side by means of a hammer. For painting, special enamels and paints are used. metal products. Enamels with pigment are more expensive, but they are not prone to peeling, fading, wear and thermal deformation.

The loads endured by a cold forging press, especially impact loads, are quite high. This requires precise processing of the workpieces. In view of this, it is better not to try to make such a device using a drawing of a cold forging machine. You can only make a manual rolling mill yourself. However, steel rolls, shafts and bearing bushings will still need to be purchased.

If you are serious about doing blacksmithing, try making a twister or torsion device. The drawings of a cold forging machine are quite simple; even a person who is very vaguely familiar with blacksmithing can understand them. You can find machine drawings on the Internet or ask friends who are involved in blacksmithing. Of course, the profession of “blacksmith” today is less popular than the same “conductor”, but this does not mean that no one is engaged in blacksmithing at all.