Many flower growers dream of acquiring an indoor tangerine with fragrant flowers and delicious fruits. But for fear of not coping with the care of the plant, they do not dare to take this step.

However, you can grow successfully fruit tree at home and make a good harvest. It is only necessary to strictly observe the rules for keeping the plant.

What do we know about the famous mandarin

Mandarin or in Latin Citrus reticulate is a member of the genus citrus from the rue family.

motherland evergreen fruit tree is northern India, where mandarin is like cultivated plant began to grow many centuries before our era.

Later, it began to be cultivated in China and Japan, and early 19th century was introduced to Spain, Italy, Algeria and other countries of the southern and western Mediterranean.

In ancient China, only wealthy officials could afford this fruit tree, which is why they began to be called "tangerines".

In vivo fruit tree grows up to 4 meters in height. Its elliptical leathery leaves small size painted dark green.

Matte white mandarin flowers exude a pleasant aroma and capable of self-pollination. After dropping the petals, ovaries appear on the tree - future fruits, which in six months turn into tangerines loved by everyone, reaching up to 60 mm in diameter.

Mandarin successfully grown even in room conditions. It is valued by flower growers not only for useful fruits, but also as an ornamental plant.

Some types of trees can bloom all year round. Particularly impressive it looks during the fruiting period, when its crown is strewn with bright orange fruits.

Through the efforts of breeders, many dwarf varieties mandarin for growing at home. Here are just a few of them:

• Winshiu (Citrus unshiu)- the most famous seedless species, growing up to 1.5 meters in height. Begins to bear fruit after 3 or 4 years.
• Forged— Vasya(Citrus Unschiu Marc. cv.Kowano-Vase)- early ripe dwarf mandarin up to 80 cm in height. Flowering continues all year round. Begins to bear fruit in two years. The fruits can stay on the bush for up to several months.
• Honey (Murcott)- rare variety in the form of a compact bush with very sweet fruits.
• Shiva Mikan (Citrus leiocarpa Hort var. Shiva-mikan Tanaca)- dwarf tree with juicy fruits up to 30 g in weight. It grows quickly, blooms profusely and bears fruit well.
• Clementine (Citrus clementina)- an early ripe hybrid of mandarin and orange. It bears fruit in the second year. One tree per year can produce up to 50 orange fruits of a flattened shape.

Features of caring for indoor tangerine

An important point in the content of mandarin in room conditions - this is the observance of temperature and light conditions.

Also should know that a tangerine grown from the stone brings inedible fruit called "wild" or does not bear fruit at all.

To get a tree with delicious tangerines from such a plant, you need graft a seedling, grown from a stone, on a cutting of a fruit-bearing tree.

Mandarin, unlike other citrus fruits, unable to propagate by cuttings. However, in flower shops, as a rule, already grafted fruit-bearing trees are sold.

In crown formation dwarf tangerines dont need. It is only necessary to remove dried or strongly elongated branches in time.

Lighting and temperature conditions

Mandarin loves warmth and light. Place a plant the best thing on the south, west or east window, but with shading from the midday sun. In winter, the tree will need additional lighting.

AT summer time it is advisable to place the plant on a balcony or veranda in places protected from the wind. To fresh air indoor tangerine should be taught gradually..

Optimum temperature for a plant in summer - about 25 ° C, but not higher. It is better not to overheat the tree, otherwise its flowers may wither and crumble.

spring during the appearance of buds recommended temperature is 16 to 18 °C. For abundant fruiting, mandarin needs a cold winter. For the winter, you need to place it in a bright, cool room with a temperature of 10 to 12 ° C.

Watering and humidity

From spring to autumn, you need to water the mandarin abundantly once a day with warm, settled water. It is important to prevent both drought and waterlogging of the soil.

From an excess of moisture, the roots of a plant can rot, and from a lack of water, leaves can fall off. During the winter, the plant should be watered, waiting for drying the top layer of the earth.

Mandarin needs high humidity. Regular spraying is very important for the plant.

In this case, you need to ensure that water does not fall on the flowers. It is useful to put a container with a tree on a pallet with wet moss, pebbles or expanded clay.

Soil composition and transplant

tree prefers slightly acidic soil. Suitable ready ground for citrus fruits or a self-prepared mixture of the following components:

• 1 part of humus;
• 1 part of leaf land;
• 3 parts sod land;
• 1 part coarse sand;
• some clay.

Young tangerines are transplanted annually in early spring before active growth. pot bottom definitely need provide a layer of drainage 3-4 cm thick in the form of broken bricks or expanded clay. Fruiting tangerines are recommended to be transplanted every 2 or 3 years.

The transplant should be transshipment method so as not to damage the roots of the plant. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the root neck of the tree is at the same level as in the previous container.

top dressing

At the beginning of June during the period rapid growth you can start fertilizing the tangerine twice a month. This should be done after watering, so as not to burn the roots.

It is most preferable to feed the fruiting tree with infusion cow dung in a ratio of 1:10 or a special fertilizer for citrus fruits. In winter, feeding the plant is not required.

Flowering and fruiting

Plant throughout the year goes through two phases active growth. The tree enters the first phase in March or April, and the second phase - in August or September. To give the young plant a good chance to get stronger, it is desirable to remove flowers and ovaries for the first three years.

For the fourth year you can let the tree bear fruit, but not more than 6 tangerines at a time, partially removing the ovaries, since the branches of the plant at this age are still thin and weak.

Regulate fruiting tangerine can be done with a simple calculation- for 15 leaves of a tree there should be 1 fruit.

Growing up, the tangerine will be able to bear more and more fragrant fruits. During fruiting branches with ripening tangerines it is desirable to tie up so that they do not break off from the weight of the fruit.

With proper care during the year, one adult tree can be harvested up to 60 fruits.

Reproduction of mandarin

room tangerine can be propagated at home in two ways: by seeds and by grafting.

Reproduction by seeds

tangerine seeds soak for several days in a damp cloth or hydrogel. Next, the swollen seeds are planted in the soil, consisting of the components listed above, or in the finished mixture for roses.

It is important that in the soil for mandarin seedlings there was no peat, which dries very quickly and often turns sour.

Three weeks after sowing the seeds, the first shoots can be expected. However, young tangerines grown from seeds in room conditions develop only as an ornamental culture. To grow a full-fledged tangerine with real tasty fruits from such a tree, need to graft him.

Reproduction by grafting

Vaccination is carried out during the period of active sap flow - in April or early May, but it is also possible in August. It is necessary to take care of the stock and scion in advance.

Rootstock- this is a young tangerine grown from a stone with a trunk thickness equal to the diameter of a pencil - about 6 mm. Scion- a kidney (eye) together with a leaf petiole, taken from a fresh cutting of a fruiting mandarin.

At a height of about 7 cm from the ground, an incision is made on the bark of the stock trunk, so as not to hurt the wood. in the shape of the letter "T". The size of the incision along the upper horizontal is 1 cm, and in height - 2.5 cm.

Knife-tip bark gently folds back to the sides, and the kidney, held by the petiole, is inserted into the resulting opening. The inserted "eye" is tightly pressed against the corners of the bark.

grafted plant placed in a "greenhouse" in the form of a large plastic bag. The transplanted kidney usually heals within 3 weeks.

The success of the grafting is evidenced by the easily separating yellowed petiole of the leaf. If the petiole turns black and withered, then "eye" did not take root.

Sprouted bud begin accustom to air, gradually increasing the ventilation time of the "greenhouse". A month after the shoot sprouts from the bud, the rootstock trunk is cut obliquely above the shoot at a height of 5 mm.

The cut is processed with garden pitch, and the bandage is removed. A stick is installed in the pot, to which a young shoot is tied for vertical growth and proper crown formation.

Pests

Dangerous pests of mandarin are spider mites and scale insects.

For pest prevention wash the tangerine with soapy water once a month. To do this, it is necessary to cover the soil in the pot with a film, wrap the trunk with a cloth and treat the tangerine crown with cotton wool moistened with strong soapy foam.

In the case of spider mites, a solution of tobacco powder is used and laundry soap. To make it, you need to pour 1 tbsp of tobacco dust with a glass of boiling water and leave for 6 days, and then add 10 g of soap to the solution.

Also proved to be excellent garlic infusion - chopped head of garlic is poured with a glass of boiling water and infused for 2 days. Each of the solutions is filtered and applied three times for spraying with an interval of 6 days.

When shielding, it is necessary to resort to water-oil emulsions. Very important for the time of processing, cover the ground with a film, and wrap the stem of the plant with gauze, folding it into several layers.

Frequent problems

Very often, when growing mandarin at home, flower growers face a number of problems: yellowing, curling and falling of leaves, complete loss of foliage and falling of flowers.

Why do indoor tangerine leaves turn yellow?

Often tree leaves turn yellow from lack of nitrogen and iron. To replenish the amount of nitrogen in the soil, it is recommended to feed the mandarin with organic fertilizers.

With iron deficiency, the plant develops chlorosis, which causes its leaves to become light yellow in color. For the prevention of chlorosis once a month, the tree is treated with iron chelate.

Sometimes the leaves turn yellow in insufficient light or due to too small a pot. The problem is solved by transplanting the mandarin into a new, more spacious pot or by adjusting the light regime.

Another reason for yellowing leaves may be attack spider mite. The pest control method is described above.

Indoor tangerine - leaves fall

The tree may fall leaves because the air is too dry. This can happen in winter heating season and hot summers. You need to spray the plant more often.

Another cause of leaf fall may be the fact that the root neck of the tree is too deep into the ground, or the tangerine grows in a very large pot. It is necessary to transplant the plant according to all the rules.

Sometimes leaves fall due to lack of potassium in the soil. In this case, you should feed the plant with potassium nitrate. Also, leaf fall can begin with excessive watering, poor lighting and drafts.

Anyway the problem is solved through proper care.

Indoor tangerine has lost all foliage - what to do?

Mandarin can shed all the leaves if exhausted and in dire need of a period of rest. A well-deserved rest is necessary for a tree from mid-autumn to the end of February.

At this time, the mandarin must be transferred to a cool place with a temperature of up to 12 ° C, watering should be reduced, avoiding drought in the soil, and feeding should be stopped. With the beginning of spring the tree will come to life. Other causes of abundant leaf fall are described above.

Other possible problems

There may be other problems with improper care of the mandarin:

• Castings dry and crumble- Drought or waterlogging of the soil.
• Flowers are falling- too dry air.
• Leaves are curling- insufficient watering.

Needless to say, caring for a room tangerine has its own difficulties and peculiarities. However, the joy of harvesting fruits and the opportunity to admire the beauty of an exotic tree at home worth every effort.

Seed propagation in the garden strawberry familiar to us, unfortunately, leads to the appearance of less productive plants and weaker bushes. But another type of these sweet berries - alpine strawberries, can be successfully grown from seeds. Let's learn about the main advantages and disadvantages of this crop, consider the main varieties and features of agricultural technology. The information presented in this article will help you decide whether it is worth giving her a place in the berry.

Often, at the sight of a beautiful flower, we instinctively bend over to smell its fragrance. All fragrant flowers can be divided into two large groups: nocturnal (pollinated by nocturnal butterflies) and daytime, whose pollinators are mainly bees. Both groups of plants are important for the grower and designer, because we often walk in the garden during the day and relax in our favorite corners with the onset of the evening. We are never put off by the fragrance of our favorite fragrant flowers.

Pumpkin is considered by many gardeners to be the queen of the beds. And not only because of its size, variety of shapes and colors, but also for excellent taste, useful qualities and a rich harvest. Pumpkin contains a large amount of carotene, iron, various vitamins and minerals. Due to the possibility of long-term storage, this vegetable maintains our health all year round. If you decide to plant a pumpkin on your site, you will be interested to know how to get the largest possible harvest.

Scotch eggs are amazing! Try to cook this dish at home, there is nothing difficult to prepare. Scotch eggs are a hard boiled egg wrapped in minced meat, breaded in flour, egg and breadcrumbs and deep fried. For frying, you need a frying pan with a high rim, and if you have a deep fryer, then it's just great - even less hassle. You will also need deep-frying oil so as not to smoke the kitchen. Choose farm eggs for this recipe.

One of the most amazing large-flowered tub cubanola Dominican fully justifies the status of a tropical miracle. Heat-loving, slow-growing, with huge and in many ways unique bells of flowers, cubanola is a fragrant star with a difficult character. It requires special conditions in the rooms. But for those who are looking for exclusive plants for their interior, the best (and more chocolatey) candidate for the role of indoor giant cannot be found.

Chickpea Curry with Meat is a hearty hot dish for lunch or dinner inspired by Indian cuisine. This curry is quick to prepare, but requires pre-preparation. Chickpeas need to be soaked in in large numbers cold water for several hours, preferably at night, the water can be changed several times. It is also better to leave the meat in the marinade overnight so that it turns out juicy and tender. Then you should boil the chickpeas until tender and then cook the curry according to the recipe.

Rhubarb can not be found on everyone garden plot. It's a pity. This plant is a storehouse of vitamins and can be widely used in cooking. What is not prepared from rhubarb: soups and cabbage soup, salads, delicious jam, kvass, compotes and juices, candied fruits and marmalade, and even wine. But that's not all! A large green or red rosette of plant leaves, reminiscent of burdock, acts as a beautiful backdrop for annuals. Not surprisingly, rhubarb can also be seen in flower beds.

Today, experiments with non-banal combinations and non-standard colors in the garden are in trend. For example, plants with black inflorescences have become very fashionable. All black flowers are original and specific, and it is important for them to be able to select suitable partners and a position. Therefore, this article will not only introduce you to the range of plants with slate-black inflorescences, but also teach you the intricacies of using such mystical plants in garden design.

3 delicious sandwiches - cucumber sandwich, chicken sandwich, cabbage sandwich with meat - great idea for a quick bite or for a picnic in nature. Only fresh vegetables, juicy chicken and cream cheese and some spices. There is no onion in these sandwiches, if you wish, you can add an onion marinated in balsamic vinegar to any of the sandwiches, this will not spoil the taste. Having quickly prepared snacks, it remains to collect a picnic basket and go to the nearest green lawn.

Depending on the variety group, the age of seedlings suitable for planting in open ground is: for early tomatoes - 45-50 days, for medium ripening - 55-60 and late dates- not less than 70 days. When planting seedlings of tomatoes at a younger age, the period of its adaptation to new conditions is significantly extended. But success in obtaining a high-quality crop of tomatoes also depends on the careful implementation of the basic rules for planting seedlings in open ground.

unpretentious plants The “second plan” of sansevieria does not seem boring to those who appreciate minimalism. They are better than other indoor decorative foliage stars for collections that require minimal maintenance. Stable decorative effect and extreme endurance of only one type of sansevieria are also combined with compactness and very fast growth - Khan's rosette sansevieria. The squat rosettes of their stiff leaves create striking clusters and patterns.

One of the brightest months of the garden calendar pleasantly surprises with the balance of the distribution of favorable and unsuccessful days for working with plants. lunar calendar. Gardening and gardening in June can be done throughout the month, while the unfavorable periods are very short and still allow you to do useful work. There will be their optimal days for sowing with plantings, and for pruning, and for a pond, and even for construction work.

Meat with mushrooms in a pan is an inexpensive hot dish that is suitable for a regular lunch and for a festive menu. Pork will cook quickly, veal and chicken too, so this meat is preferable for the recipe. Mushrooms - fresh champignons, in my opinion, the most good choice for homemade stew. Forest gold - mushrooms, boletus and other goodies are best harvested for the winter. Boiled rice or mashed potatoes are ideal as a side dish.

I love ornamental shrubs, especially unpretentious and with an interesting, non-trivial foliage color. I have different Japanese spireas, Thunberg barberries, black elderberry ... And there is one special shrub that I will talk about in this article - the viburnum vesicle. For the realization of my dream of a low maintenance garden, it is perhaps the perfect fit. At the same time, it is able to diversify the picture in the garden very much, moreover, from spring to autumn.

Who will refuse their favorite citrus fruits, especially those grown with their own hands? It's perennial evergreen is becoming increasingly popular as a room culture. When favorable conditions are created, it blooms and even bears fruit. At home, it reaches up to 110 cm. One can bring up to 60 pieces of tangerine, which ripen by September and stay on the branches until October.

The tangerine tree prefers a lot of light, on hot days it needs abundant watering and spraying.

Another useful property is the ability to purify the air and protect owners from various viral diseases. Unlike its "relatives" lemon and orange, this exotic feels great in an ordinary city apartment. He tirelessly pleases their inhabitants beautiful crown, dark green leaves and snow-white flowers with a pleasant aroma.

Cultivation and care

Location, lighting and temperature

Properly chosen space is the key to future harvest. Green handsome prefers a lot of light. The window sill of the south, southeast or southwest window is suitable for him. But on hot summer days, it should be protected from direct sunlight by shading it with a curtain or paper. In winter, additional artificial lighting is required. To do this, use a phyto lamp. From June to the end of August you can arrange holidays. Quite suitable glazed balcony or a rain-protected place in the garden where the pot can be deepened into the ground.

The ideal temperature range is from +15 to +19. Higher rates negatively affect flowers, their pet can reset. During the dormant period, it is better if the thermometer drops to 11-14 degrees. A significant danger is fraught with a sharp change in temperature. It is better to prepare it in advance for any changes.

Humidity and watering

In the heat, the leaves evaporate a lot of moisture. This can be prevented by supporting optimal performance humidity. Will help with this regular irrigation twice a day. If this is not possible, an electric humidifier is suitable for this purpose. A pallet with expanded clay will help to increase the percentage of moisture and reduce the temperature, a container is installed on it. Experienced gardeners advise a little trick: in the heat, put ice cubes around the edges of the pot.

Moisture-loving creature in warm weather "drinks" plentifully and often. The appropriate amount of liquid is determined individually. The earth ball must be completely soaked. Beware of stagnation, it is fraught with root rot. Because of this, watering is significantly reduced in winter, especially if the room has cool air. It is carried out as the topsoil dries up.

AT warm room From December to March, the schedule practically does not change. For this purpose, only settled water at room temperature is suitable.

Choosing the right pot

Give preference medium sized pot gradually increasing the diameter of the container. For older representatives, the container is selected 2 times the length of the root system. Be sure to have through drainage holes.

Soil and fertilizer

Choose it for sowing seeds or transplanting seedlings, taking into account the age of the plant. Sour soil is not suitable. The needs of young representatives are different. Inexperienced flower growers are better off buying a ready-made mixture in the market. Bio-humus or earth for roses will be suitable. Fertile, nutritious and permeable - it is great for full growth and development.

But you can cook it yourself from the following components:

• sod (2 parts) and leaf (1 part) land;
• one share of river sand of fine fraction, humus.

Light substrate helps to actively grow root system. It is poured onto a drainage layer of brick chips and expanded clay. Another composition is more suitable for an adult exotic: soddy soil (40%), sand (20%), leafy earth (20%), humus (15%), oily clay (5%). A denser composition allows you to hold required amount moisture. Thanks to this property, citrus uses all the nutrients to the fullest, forming buds and fruits.

They begin to make them from April to November. Do this every 2 weeks. The most suitable are complexes containing nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. A wide range is presented at any flower outlet: Uniflor-growth (promotes the ripening of tangerines), Uniflor-bud (healthy effect on flowering) and Kemira-Lux (supports and nourishes). It is important to regularly alternate mineral substances with organic ones. If the choice fell on a natural nutrient solution, then bird droppings or cow dung. The dry matter is dissolved in water, then infused and then added. Water the plant first.

When working with chemical fertilizers, you should strictly follow the instructions that are indicated by the manufacturer on the package. oversupply nutrients causes burns. Avoid contact with fruits.

plant pruning

Occurs in the spring, before the buds open. Get rid of thin and dry twigs, yellowed foliage. Use sharp and disinfected garden tools. In order not to miss the infection through the sections, they are sprinkled with chopped activated carbon. It also contributes to the rapid healing of injuries. To form an oval-shaped crown, excess shoots that are unable to bear fruit are cut off.

Do not do without pinching the tops of the stems. After the first flowering, only 12-13 buds are left, the rest are cut off. Otherwise, they deplete the culture.

Diseases and pests, methods of dealing with them

and

The leaves began to turn yellow, fall off, and a thin cobweb is visible on the surface? Action should be taken sooner. First aid - wipe the green mass with a solution of tobacco or soap. Garlic infusion shows good results. But, if the number of the colony is large, then only chemicals- Actellik and Fitoverm. Insecticides are treated once a week, avoiding the substance getting into the soil.

Reproduction and transplantation of a tangerine tree

Until the tree is 4 years old, the pot is changed frequently. This happens as soon as the lower part of the plant fills the entire container. The diameter of the new one is 10 cm larger than the previous one. The first layer is drainage (about 7 cm). A layer of soil (5 cm) is poured onto it. Transplanted by transshipment. The tree is carefully removed from the container and placed on the prepared substrate. The missing amount of land is filled up on the side, but not to the very edge. Its level should be lower by 2 cm.

If necessary, an earthen ball can be raised by adding soil. The process ends with a light crushing of the soil and watering.

Bred culture in two ways.

seeds

Before deepening, they are soaked in water for 2 days. After they have swollen can be transferred to the soil. The first shoots will appear in 18-20 days. But pets grown in this way cannot boast of a harvest and play the role of a decorative culture. But with the help of vaccination this situation can be corrected.

Graft

Occurs during the period when active sap flow begins (April-May). Stock and scion are prepared in advance. The first term refers to a young tangerine grown from a stone at home. The second is a bud that was taken from a citrus that was already producing a crop. The peephole must have a leaf petiole. Select an area (about 7 cm from the ground) on the bark. Carefully, without touching it, an incision is made on the branch 1 cm long and 2 cm wide. A kidney is inserted into it, carefully bending the sides of the incision with a knife. This place is covered with garden pitch.

The peephole takes root for about 25 days, during which it is necessary to create favorable conditions similar to greenhouse ones.

How to choose a healthy plant in the store

If you do not have the time or desire to grow a fragrant representative of the flora on your own, then you can easily purchase an adult and already fruiting tree in the nursery. Of course, such a pleasure will cost a tidy sum, then in the future the gardener is only required to maintain favorable conditions of detention.

To protect yourself from deception, it is better not to risk making a purchase in the market or from spontaneous merchants. The specialized sales center is obliged to provide the relevant documents confirming the quality. Before buying, decide which variety is best for your conditions. For growing on the windowsill, it is better to choose a dwarf one, and for a winter garden - a large bush.

Either way it should be healthy plant, without damage and yellowed falling leaves. Look closely for insects.

Mandarin- an evergreen plant that belongs to the Rutov family. The specific Latin name of the mandarin is Citrus reticulate. Like orange, lemon, lime, grapefruit, it belongs to the genus Citrus. The life form of this plant is interesting - it can be a shrub and a tree, reaching a height of 5 meters.

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room tangerine
Like other representatives of the genus Citrus, mandarin has long been grown in greenhouses, greenhouses, winter gardens. Despite its size, mandarin at home can be grown on a balcony or on a windowsill. Currently, breeders have bred many varieties of dwarf and undersized tangerines for home growing, the maximum height of which is 0.6-1.1 m. Indoor mandarin may not belong to dwarf varieties, then the plant needs to be severely cut and shaped.

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Indoor tangerine is a very effective pot plant. And not only because of the bright, fragrant and appetizing orange fruits that can be stored on it for several months. Sometimes the plant gives pleasure only by its flowering, because the delicate white flowers of the mandarin exude an amazing aroma. In some varieties, flowering begins in spring and can continue throughout the year. room tangerine, grown as a bonsai, is a true work of art.

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Indoor mandarin fruits tied without artificial pollination, usually ripen at the end of the year. Often, indoor tangerine in a pot is bought in a store with fruits already hanging on it. Despite the fact that they are very appetizing, they should not be eaten. Indeed, to achieve such a high decorative effect, plants receive high doses of fertilizers. Leathery and corrugated leaves are beautiful in mandarin.

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Popular mandarin varieties for growing at home
Unshiu - Japanese variety, the most unpretentious, begins to bear fruit for 3-4 years, grows up to 0.8-1.5 m in room conditions. It branches well. It blooms profusely in spring, forms fruits in late October-November. Pear-shaped fruits do not have seeds.
Kowano-Wase, Miha-Wase, Miyagawa-Wase - dwarf tangerines Vasya groups - suitable for growing on a windowsill, height 40-80 cm. Orange-yellow fruits ripen for the first time in the second year of cultivation, flowering is plentiful. Like all dwarf varieties do not need to form a crown.
Shiva Mikan is an early compact fast growing variety. Fruits are small, not more than 30 g
Murcott- the fruits of this compact mandarin variety are very sweet, ripen in summer, taste very sweet, which is why the name of the variety is translated as "honey".
Clementine- a hybrid of mandarin and orange, bears fruit at home in the second year. One adult domestic tree per year produces up to 50 medium flattened orange-red fruits, very fragrant, with a shiny skin. Plants of this variety with numerous seeds are called monrealis.

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Mandarin care at home
Tangerine lighting at home
First step in successful cultivation indoor tangerine - choosing a place for a plant and its proper lighting.
Mandarin room, as well as grown in open field, you need good lighting with some direct sunlight. In low light, the plant slows down growth, throws out a small number of flowers or does not bloom at all. With a strong lack of light, the leaves of indoor tangerine become faded, new shoots are elongated, thin and painful in appearance. Therefore, it is better to grow a plant on the eastern, southeastern and southern windows, shading from midday direct rays. In summer, the plant can be taken out to the balcony, gradually accustoming it to the street.
AT winter period, with a short daylight hours, indoor mandarin should be placed in the most illuminated place with straight sunbeams. But sometimes this is not enough: you need artificial lighting. For this purpose, an ordinary fitolamp is suitable, which can be screwed into a chandelier or table lamp. It is necessary to transfer the plant to supplementary lighting gradually. With a sharp change in the length of daylight hours, it can shed its leaves.

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Content temperature
The optimum temperature for indoor tangerine in the summer is + 20-25 ° C. During the period of budding and flowering, so that the flowers do not fall off, it is better to keep the plant at a temperature slightly below + 20 ° C. AT winter time to ensure a relative dormant period, tangerines are kept at + 5 -10 ° C. A plant that has rested over the winter will flower and bear fruit better.

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How to water and spray tangerine at home
Indoor mandarin, like its wild ancestors, is adapted to endure dry periods. In a pinch, the plant will shed its leaves to reduce the amount of liquid that evaporates. A common problem when growing tangerines at home is excessive watering, which leads to the development of fungal diseases.
The amount of water for watering indoor mandarin depends on several factors:
- the size of the plant;
- the size of the container in which the tangerine grows;
- ambient temperature;
- duration of daylight hours and light intensity.
The larger the surface of the leaves of indoor mandarin, the stronger the evaporation, and the more it needs to be watered. The temperature also affects the rate of evaporation: the higher it is, the more the plant loses moisture. The length of daylight directly affects the amount of moisture that evaporates. Stomata - formations on the underside of terrestrial plants that serve for gas exchange open during daylight hours.
Watering indoor tangerine should be carried out in the morning, when the plant has activated its vital processes. When the temperature drops, watering is reduced, up to stopping for several days during the period when the temperature in the room is only + 12-15 ° C. In this case, the tangerine is watered with a small amount of water, only to maintain life.
Mandarin at home needs regular spraying of leaves. Strongly dry air has a bad effect on the plant and is often a prerequisite for its infestation with spider mites. If indoor tangerine blooms, then you need to make sure that water does not fall on its flowers.

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How to feed mandarin at home
A complete care for a mandarin at home is not possible without additional mineral and organic top dressing. The soil in a pot depletes quickly enough and is washed out during watering, and recreational processes practically do not occur in it, unlike the soil in nature.
For top dressing, you can use soluble or dry fertilizers. In the spring, with an increase in daylight hours, top dressing for indoor mandarin is increased. It is in the early spring period that vegetative and generative buds begin to develop intensively, at which time the plant requires additional nutrients.
At home, mandarin is fertilized, like everyone else. houseplants, that is, in the morning. The ambient temperature should be at least + 18-19 degrees.
Soluble fertilizers are often used for top dressing. They can water the plant, and in a weaker concentration spray its leaves. Any complex mineral fertilizer containing phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium, the main elements needed by plants, is suitable for feeding indoor tangerine.
Dissolve fertilizers in soft or settled water at room temperature. The main thing is not to increase the dose. If the instructions say: 1 cap of the product per 1 liter of water, do not think that 2 caps will make the solution more useful. This will lead to the opposite effect - a chemical burn or toxic poisoning of the plant.
You need to feed mandarin at home during the period of intensive growth (from March to September) 2 times a week. Maybe less often, but not more often.
Dry fertilizers, which are applied to the soil and gradually dissolve, giving the soil trace elements, must be applied even more carefully. Their advantage is that by making them in the spring you can forget about feeding for a long time. However, they can be quickly used by the plant, and it will be difficult to guess about it. The introduction of an additional dose of fertilizer will lead to the above overdose.
Mandarin cultivation also requires organic fertilizers. To do this, you can dilute infused cow dung in a ratio of 1/10. The best option there will be the use of organic fertilizers in combination with mineral fertilizers for soil top dressing.

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Additional care for mandarin at home
To form a lush tangerine tree, pinch the tops of its branches.
Caring for a tangerine at home also consists in removing dried leaves or stretched twigs.
On the young flowering plants partially remove the flowers so as not to deplete them and allow several fruits to ripen. For 15-20 leaves of an adult plant, one ovary can be left. The fewer fruits left on the tangerine, the larger they will be.
The fruit-bearing branches of indoor mandarin are tied, tied to a support, otherwise they may break due to the severity of the fruit, and the plant will not have an attractive appearance.

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Diseases and pests
Mandarin at home can be affected by scale insects, red spider mites and mealybugs. Spraying the plant with a soapy solution will help from the scale insect (2 tbsp. L of liquid soap, you can "Fary", for 3 liters of water). It is better to pre-clean pests by hand. After keeping the solution on the leaves for half an hour, it is washed off warm water. In case of damage by a spider mite, the pest is collected manually, after which the leaves and twigs are wiped with a cotton swab moistened cold water or alcohol, then sprayed with a two-day infusion of garlic or onions (crush 200 g and pour warm boiled water). Against the mealybug, removing the pest with a cotton swab and 3 times spraying with infusion of garlic (1 time in 7 days), or rubbing with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol (can be replaced with calendula tincture) will also help. With persistent damage by any pest, potent chemicals are used, which are used according to the instructions.
At improper watering mandarin leaves become stained and fall off. To prevent or eliminate the problem, follow the rules for watering citrus plants.

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Mandarin transplant at home
Proper care for tangerine at home involves plant transplantation. Usually, a transplant is carried out if the plant, in our case, indoor tangerine, is cramped in a pot. As a rule, young indoor tangerine plants are transplanted annually, plants older than 7 years - once every 2 years. For transplantation, a special soil mixture for citrus fruits or make it up themselves from sod land (50%) and leafy, humus and sand taken in equal parts.
For transplanting indoor tangerine, choose a pot with diameters 5–8 cm larger than the previous one. It is forbidden small plant plant immediately in a large pot: this often leads to rotting of the roots. In addition, it is neither aesthetic nor practical.
Mandarin at home, as in nature, prefers a light substrate with low acidity. Drainage must be placed at the bottom of the transplant tank - this is the prevention of stagnant water and root rot. As a drainage, you can use: expanded clay, small stones, fragments of ceramic dishes, pieces of foam.
Transplantation of indoor mandarin can not be carried out during the flowering of the plant. It is better to do this in the spring at the beginning of the awakening of the plant from a relative dormant period.
You can not feed the plant 2-3 days before transplanting, and also use fertilizers within 12-14 days after transplanting.
After transplanting, indoor tangerine is lightly watered so that the soil settles down. After 30-40 minutes, if necessary, a substrate is added to the pot and watered again.

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Reproduction of indoor tangerine
Mandarin at home can be propagated in two ways:
- vegetative (rooting of twigs);
- generative (growing from the stone).
For rooting cuttings, it is better to use a rooter - the percentage of survival will be 3-4 times higher. To do this, cuttings with 2-3 leaves are dipped in a rooter and planted in moist soil, covered with a film or cut from above. plastic bottle Be sure to leave holes in them for ventilation. Cuttings take root within a few months.
Growing mandarin at home from the stone is the most long way reproduction, especially since some varieties almost do not form seeds. In addition, indoor tangerine grown in this way will need to be grafted, otherwise it will not bloom. Better for rootstock indoor lemon or grapefruit grown at home from a seed.
Since both methods of propagating indoor mandarin take too much time, more often amateur flower growers buy already grafted indoor tangerine in the shops.

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Exotic plants can be a real decoration of the house. Of course, growing them on your own from seeds is not at all easy, but you can buy an already grown seedling of such a tree or flower and just organize the right balanced care for it. So, homemade citrus fruits are very popular among amateurs: tangerines and oranges, as well as laurels, etc. And growing them in an ordinary apartment is not so difficult. Today we will talk about how to care for a homemade tangerine in a pot.

So, indoor mandarin is a representative of the rue family, an evergreen plant that grows successfully in greenhouses and various winter gardens. Although this tree can reach a fairly large size, it is quite possible to grow it on a windowsill. In addition, on sale now you can find dwarf and undersized tangerines, the height of which does not exceed sixty centimeters - one meter.

How to care for tangerine at home?

Optimum lighting

In order for this exotic tree to feel good, readers of "Popular about Health" need to organize the right lighting for it - good enough, but with a minimum amount of direct sunlight. If the plant feels a lack of light, it may practically not bloom, and with a strong lack of lighting, its leaves will become pale, the shoots will begin to stretch and weaken. So it is best to place a pot with a plant on the windowsill of an east or southeast window; when growing on the south side, it is advisable to organize a shading for a pet from direct sunlight. In the hot season, it is quite possible to take the tree out into the street, but it is worth gradually accustoming it to open space.

In the cold, it is extremely important to place a pot of tangerine in the most illuminated place, and it is even better to organize additional lighting for it.

Optimal temperature performance

It is best to grow indoor tangerine in the summer at a temperature of twenty to twenty-five degrees. At the stage of budding, as well as during the flowering period, it is desirable to slightly reduce the temperature of the content - up to twenty degrees or even slightly lower. With more high temperature the tree may drop flowers or buds. In cold weather, in order to organize a period of small rest for the pet, it is worth lowering the temperature of the content to five to ten degrees. If the tree has the opportunity to rest during the winter, it will bloom and bear fruit much better.

How to water homemade tangerine?

Indoor tangerines at home are quite resistant to a lack of life-giving moisture. They successfully tolerate a lack of watering, and in case of severe drought, they can only shed their leaves. Quite often, such plants suffer from excessive moisture, which can lead to the development of fungal diseases.

So it’s worth watering the tree only after the soil in the pot dries out a little. It is advisable to carry out this manipulation in the morning. During the period of temperature decrease (in winter), watering is reduced, performing it only to maintain life.

Humidity

For all their drought resistance, indoor tangerines really do not like dry air. Therefore, they should be systematically sprayed. With a lack of moisture environment plants can be affected by spider mites. But during the flowering period, it is extremely important to ensure that water droplets do not fall on the mandarin flowers.

top dressing

In order to exotic trees looked attractive and remained healthy, it is necessary to feed them. After all, the soil in the pot is depleted quite quickly. For top dressing, it is worth using soluble fertilizers, they can be used for both irrigation and spraying, but in the second case, the concentration should be very weak. From fertilizers, you can use any complex mixtures that have in their composition the main particles, needed by plants, they are represented by phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium.

Top dressing of tangerines is carried out, starting in March and ending in September, once every two weeks. In autumn, it is worth carrying out such manipulations less often - once a month.
Experienced flower growers also recommend organizing indoor tangerines for fertilizing with organic fertilizers. In this case, it is necessary to dilute well-infused cow dung, adhering to a ratio of 1:10.

Transfer

Young trees need to be replanted annually, and adults - with an interval of two years. For transplanting, it is best to purchase a special soil designed for citrus fruits. It is advisable to move the plant into a pot, the diameter of which is no more than five centimeters larger than before. The organization of a sufficiently good drainage layer in the new container also plays an extremely important role.

The best time for transplanting mandarin - early spring, when the period of active vegetation is just beginning. A couple of days before this procedure, it is worth abandoning the use of fertilizers. Feeding is not carried out for two weeks after transplantation. At the end of this procedure, you need to water the tree, and after half an hour add soil (if necessary) and water again.

Additional Information

In order to get a lush tree in a pot in a home flower garden, indoor tangerine needs to pinch the branches. It is also worth periodically removing dried leaves, stretched twigs and extra flowers. For every fifteen leaves, no more than one ovary should be left. And when fruiting, the branches must be tied to a support so that they do not break.