All parents have certainly heard about how hardening is beneficial for the health of their child, starting from a very early age. Many people imagine hardening in the form of extreme dipping into an ice hole, taking a contrast shower or dousing with ice water. In fact, in the case of infants, these can be daily routines: walking in the air, doing gymnastics, air baths, swimming, water baths etc. The whole process of hardening occurs with the help of air, water and sun.

Air procedures have practically no contraindications and are equally useful for all babies, however, consulting a doctor and determining the optimal hardening strategy with his help will be useful.

In fact, these bathtubs are one of the most effective methods hardening of newborns in early age. They pose absolutely no danger to the health and life of the baby, and are very easy to perform. It is enough to leave the child naked for a certain time.

The main goal pursued by this procedure is to activate the protective functions of the body of newborns, which will help to cope with all the dangers in the dangerous environment in which they enter after birth. Protective, thermoregulatory and other functions of the child's body are laid down at the stage prenatal development. To awaken, improve and strengthen them, hardening is required, and as one of the methods of this complex concept, air baths are required.

Many parents make the mistake of constantly wrapping the child up, immersing him in a hot and dry environment and creating a hothouse creature out of him.

At the same time, they may not even realize that by doing so they create the prerequisites for the atrophy of all the protective functions of the body of their baby and leave him completely defenseless against external viruses, bacteria and other dangers. So the child remains painful and short-lived for life.

The main methods of hardening

Air baths baby can take different ways. The most common are the following:

• air ventilation in the room;
• finding the baby naked in the room;
• walks on fresh air: wakefulness and sleep.

As far as ventilation is concerned, the best option cross-ventilation is considered. In this case, the baby must be temporarily removed from the room. To ensure free circulation of air from the street, you can open the window and the door at the same time. When the room is filled with fresh air and the temperature in the room drops by a couple of degrees, the child can be brought back. It is not worth dressing him in warmer clothes, as all the effect of airing and taking a fresh bath will be lost.

The regularity of airing the child's room in winter should be at least 4 times a day. The duration of ventilation in the cold season should be 10-15 minutes.

Walks in the fresh air should be carried out regularly. At the same time, the time of year does not matter at all, since it is always necessary to walk, dressing the baby in accordance with the weather conditions, but not wrapping up.

It is possible to start taking out a newborn to fresh air from 2-3 weeks of age. Be sure to ensure that the air temperature is not lower than -5 degrees. The duration of the first walks should be 10-15 minutes. Gradually, this time can be increased, evenly bringing up to 2 hours. It is best to walk outside with a regularity of 2-3 times a day in between feedings.

Babies up to the age of 1.5 years are recommended to sleep in the fresh air. During daytime sleep on the street you will notice how calmly and naturally he will rest, breathe evenly and what pink tone acquire facial skin. All this indicates that the baby is comfortable and good at taking air procedures. Discomfort will be signaled by restless behavior, turning blue in the skin (if cold), as well as damp, sweaty skin (if hot).

Relatively the last way hardening the child - taking a bath naked, it should be noted that in this way, the baby has the following:

• the conditions for heat exchange are improved;
• increased oxygen uptake;
• well-being improves nervous system;
• the baby sleeps well, eats and behaves calmly.

Babies under the age of 1 year can be left unswaddled for some time. The air temperature in the room should be normal from +18 to +20 degrees. It is very appropriate to combine this procedure with gymnastics, and in summer with sunbathing. Regularity of execution air baths is initially 2 times a day for 3 minutes, bringing the time gradually to 10 minutes.

It is very important not to ignore the signs of hypothermia in a child, for example, the appearance of goose bumps. At the first appearance of suspicions that the baby is cold, procedure should be stopped..

Important hardening rules

The durability of the positive effect will be maximum if you follow the basic rules of hardening:

• carry out regularly and systematically;
• consistently lower the air temperature during hardening;
• it is best to carry out procedures when the child is in a good mood;
• it is necessary to exclude the possibility of hypothermia.

Thus, with the help of simple and very effective procedures, it is possible to increase the protective functions of the child's body.

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For someone ashamed to walk naked in own apartment, and for others, air baths are part of a healthy and happy life. Read below about the secrets of air baths.

Everyone knows that air, along with water, is the basis of life on planet Earth. And the importance of air for all living nature, and for man in particular, is so great that if you begin to describe its value in detail, then this description will take many scientific volumes. Simply put, air is our life. As, however, and water.

Clean, unpolluted air is one of the most pleasant means that helps us both in the prevention of diseases of various systems of the human body and in their treatment.

What are useful

The main thing to understand is that an air bath is the safest and easiest way to harden and strengthen the immune system. When hardening with water, we inevitably encounter such inconveniences as the need to set aside time for dousing or for a contrast shower, after which, among other things, we need to wipe ourselves off, dry ourselves, and only then go on some business.

Air baths, on the other hand, allow us to combine the hardening process with other household chores. Moreover, it is not necessary to be completely naked to the state of "what the mother gave birth to." Exposing the torso or dressing in a swimsuit, short shorts, you also take an air bath.

In addition, these procedures help relieve nervous tension after a working day, in general, strengthen the nervous system of the person who deals with them.

With a certain, methodical approach to conducting air baths, blood vessels and the heart are strengthened.

In addition, an air bath is a way to give your body a full breath.. After all, the skin performs many functions in the body, including respiratory.

Moreover, skin breathing, in fact, is so strong thing that some yoga (after, of course, years training), are able to almost completely dispense with pulmonary respiration, replacing it with skin respiration. Some are able to live, taking one breath in 5-15 minutes and even less often!

The skin absorbs a significant proportion of the oxygen needed by the cells of the body and releases an equally significant proportion carbon dioxide, from total secreted by our body.

So do not underestimate the air baths and their importance.

Who are useful

They are useful to any person, support the body, tone and improve health.

It is also useful for older people to take periodic air baths to maintain health. They support the work of the heart and blood vessels.

For the beauty of the body, an air bath is as necessary as good quality sleep. Breathing skin is better supplied with oxygen, blood microcirculation in it improves, which positively affects the color and elasticity of the skin.

To enhance the effect, it would be good to get out of the city or to the sea coast to take air baths.

At what temperature and what time to take

Traditionally, air procedures are divided into three types.

The first is warm baths. The air temperature during such procedures should be at least 22-23 degrees. True, each individual organism perceives the air temperature differently, and for some, 23 degrees may seem like a cool temperature. Focus on your own feelings. A person can take warm air baths in the nude for an unlimited amount of time.

Since it is not as strong an irritant as solar radiation, then they can be assigned not only for incandescence, but also for various diseases as well as people of all ages.

Air baths are prescribed as a hardening agent for people who, due to the conditions of their work, are in insufficient light or artificial light for a long time (working in dark rooms, etc.); people long time staying in adverse climatic conditions, as well as anyone who needs to raise the overall tone of the body and enhance vital processes. They are prescribed for general weakness, exhaustion, after infectious diseases, for blood diseases, especially for anemia and chlorosis, chronic malaria, scurvy, mercury and lead poisoning; in some forms of skin disease, which depend on its reduced resistance to infection, etc.

Air baths precede sunbathing in patients with chronic, sluggish tuberculosis of the lymphatic glands, bones and joints; in people predisposed to tuberculosis, with symptoms of anemia, general weakness; in patients with subsiding stationary, sluggish pulmonary tuberculosis, in a state of stable compensation.

Air baths have a positive effect on patients with diseases associated with metabolism - rickets, gout, obesity, as well as ori nervous diseases, especially with functional neuroses.
Air baths permissible in a number of women's diseases, in diseases of the locomotor apparatus, heart and kidneys.

AT everyone case requires strict consideration of meteorological factors, strict individualization of patients and their selection in accordance with the clinical (manifestations of each disease.

Contraindications for the appointment of air baths are: pronounced general weakness and exhaustion; acute forms of lung disease, all acute infectious diseases, especially purulent and inflammatory processes; severe decompensated valvular heart disease, significant aortic aneurysms, some diseases of the brain and spinal cord etc.

Indications and contraindications for independent warm air baths for internal diseases, except for tuberculosis, the same as for sunbathing, and in cases where sunbathing difficult to tolerate, they are often replaced with warm air baths.

Indications and contraindications the indications and contraindications for sea bathing and for water procedures in general are close to cool and cold air baths.

Air baths during hardening must be controlled in accordance with certain rules. If a whole team is subjected to hardening, then the leader should check the pulse of everyone before starting to take baths. For those who take baths for the first time, it is necessary to measure the pulse during the air bath, as well as after it. An increase in heart rate by more than 30 beats serves as a signal to end the session.

The skin must also be controlled.. Even before the subjective sensation of chills, elevations may appear on it (“ goose-flesh”), and then chills and trembling are felt. And in such cases, vigorous movements are recommended: a quick step, a jog, rubbing skin etc. If the feeling of chill does not go away, the bath is stopped.

extremely important trace the influence of air baths not only during their reception, but also after the termination of the course. For this purpose, the following exemplary polling scheme can be used. The same scheme can be used for other procedures (when hardening with water, sunlight).

Mood.
1. Cheerful, calm, even.
2. Changeable, unstable.
3. Depressed, irritable.

well-being.
1. Feeling of cheerfulness, strength, health.
2. Temporary weakness, weakness.
3. Constant weakness, weakness.

performance.
1. Normal feeling of fatigue.
2. Increased fatigue.
3. Weakness, irritability, distraction.

Appetite.
1. Healthy, normal.
2. Changeable, capricious.
3. Constantly bad.

Dream.
1. Healthy, refreshing.
2. Intermittent, little refreshing.
3. Anxious, after waking up in the morning - weakness.

pathological sensations.
1. Not tested.
2. At times headaches, dizziness, pain in the region of the heart, a feeling of tightness in the chest.
3. Constant significant pain, discomfort.
This scheme can serve self-control. Other measures of a control nature include accounting for respiratory excursion and blood pressure.

The natural nature that surrounds a person is the best healing therapy. Clean air, water, light, plants help to increase immunity and improve health. Air baths are among the simplest and mildest medical therapy. They are able to help those people who spend most of their time in offices or at a computer. Warm air has a pleasant effect on the body, skin, body, which at the same time relaxes. The intensity of the air bath depends on temperature and air velocity. During this therapy, experts recommend being in the shade, i.e. protect from direct sunlight best. Air should blow over the naked body from all sides.

Air baths improve blood circulation, stimulate skin functions, the vegetovascular nervous system, improve blood circulation, activate metabolism, increase appetite, enhance the functions of the endocrine glands.

You can start small 10 - 15 minutes a day, then gradually increase the time to 2 hours.

The benefits and features of air baths

Aerotherapy or air baths gently and gently treat the body. Air therapy is usually recommended for people with poor health (tuberculosis, diseases of the skin, bones, joints, nervous system, cardiovascular, etc.). it hardens the body.

Air baths serve as a prophylaxis against rheumatism, chronic diseases of the joints, neuritis. There are several types of therapeutic air baths. For example, cold baths should be between 0 and 14 degrees; cool baths are usually between 15 and 20 degrees; The most suitable for the body are warm air baths, which range between 23 - 30 degrees; hot air bath - from 40 degrees. Besides, important point is the humidity of the air.

At low air temperature and high humidity, the body will feel uncomfortable, because. there will be a rapid loss of heat. Thus, optimal conditions high temperatures and dry air are considered.

As for the influence of the wind, at best it should be moderate. In strong winds, sweat evaporates faster and causes a sudden cooling of the body.

Katsuzo Nishi and his principles

Katsuzo Nishi (1884 - 1959) Japanese professor, naturopath developed the Six Principles of Health. He created his own health recovery system, on the basis of which many authors wrote books.

The Niche system is based on various rules and exercises that conform to the laws of nature. Nishi first published his developed system in 1927.

As a child, Katsuzo Nishi was diagnosed with a terrible diagnosis - intestinal tuberculosis. Doctors told his parents that he would not live to be 20 years old. However, he lived, and when the moment came to choose a profession for himself, an illness stood in his way. Nishi realized that if he did not start improving his health, he would not achieve anything.

Nishi began to accumulate knowledge, conduct experiments, apply various recommendations. He then concluded that toxins were the cause of his sickness and abdominal discomfort. Undigested food in the colon creates a breeding ground for bacteria that release toxins. Thus, he concluded that food can not only benefit, but also harm or destroy.

In the future, Nishi became interested in therapeutic fasting, the study of the circulatory system. Based on his findings, he developed special exercises and air baths to maintain health.

Katsuzo Nishi argued that human skin is one of the four elements that determine overall health. Human skin is the boundary between the external environment and the internal environment of the body. Therefore, contact with air is important for health.

The skin is the border, but also the “gate” through which healing powers nature and affect the body. In addition, air baths, according to Katsuzo Nishi, ensure the proper functioning of the skin and body. The skin is older than the lungs in evolutionary terms, so it can be considered as a respiratory organ.

Unfortunately the skin modern man lost a significant part of its natural functions. People began to wear clothes and the skin stopped breathing. In addition, a person spends most of his time indoors, and there is practically no outdoors. clean air ().

Oxygen helps the body in the natural, and also serves as a necessary source of energy. Outdoor sports, air baths help to activate the protective functions of the skin.

However, it should be remembered that the effect of air baths depends on the humidity of the air. The same air temperature, but different humidity will be perceived differently by the body.

Any person from early childhood knows about the benefits of air baths. Being on the beach, in the garden, our mothers explained to us what air baths are and what benefits they bring. In the open air, our body is saturated with oxygen, charged with positive energy.

Air baths at home

Air out the room, then undress completely and open the window. If you feel cold, you should wear warm clothes. However, in clothes you should not be hot, do not allow sweat to appear.

Air therapy is best done in the early morning, shortly before sunrise (before 10 am). Also, air baths can be taken in the evening until 21:00. Usually air therapy lasts about a month, with a break of 5 days, then it can be repeated. General treatment lasts from 3 months to a year.

If weather conditions allow, then air baths should be taken outdoors (garden, beach).

"Bathing" in the air corresponds to human nature. “Like a fish in water,” argued, in particular, the German scientist of the 18th century. G. Lichtenberg, - a person lives, constantly surrounded by another liquid - air. Bathing in the latter may be more beneficial than a cold water bath."

Air baths have a beneficial effect on a person. Thanks to them, he becomes more balanced, calm. Imperceptibly, increased excitability disappears, sleep improves, cheerfulness and a cheerful mood appear. Air baths have a positive effect on the cardiovascular system - they contribute to the normalization of blood pressure and better job hearts.

Air is not only a supplier of oxygen. Forming the wind, its flows have a significant impact on natural processes and phenomena. From the wind - hurricanes and storms, unrest on sea ​​spaces, soil erosion, all kinds of destruction ...

Another thing is air currents of moderate strength. It is they, of all natural factors, that are considered as the most “gentle”, safe, accessible procedures for everyone. It is the air, according to scientists, the most universal means of hardening. Physicians recommend starting systematic hardening of the body from air baths. This simple, but at the same time extremely useful undertaking, do not shelve it.

An air bath can be general, if the entire surface of the body is exposed to air, or partial, when only part of it is exposed (trunk, neck, arms, legs). The hardening effect of air currents is primarily due to the temperature difference between them and the surface of the skin. The layer of air located between the body and clothing usually has a constant temperature (about 27-28 ° C).

The difference between the temperature of the skin of a dressed person and the surrounding air is usually small. Because of this, heat transfer by the body is almost imperceptible. But as soon as the human body is freed from clothing, the process of heat transfer becomes more intense. The lower the ambient temperature, the more cooling we are exposed to.

Air baths according to their effect on the body are divided into tepid (over 22 ° C), cool (from 20 to 17 ° C), cold (from 16 ° C and below). Such a division, of course, is conditional, designed for an "ordinary" person. In well tempered people, the sensation of cold naturally occurs at a lower temperature.

The impact of cold air on a large surface of the body causes a certain reaction in the body. At the first moment, due to the large release of heat, a feeling of cold arises, then the blood vessels of the skin expand, blood flow to the skin increases and the feeling of cold is replaced by a feeling of pleasant warmth.

Take air baths in a prone position, reclining, in motion. To get a good reaction, it is recommended to undress quickly - so that the air affects the entire surface of the naked body at once. This will cause a quick and vigorous reaction of the body. During cool and cold baths, it is useful to perform vigorous movements. However, if it becomes cold during the air bath, goosebumps and chills appear, immediately get dressed and go for a short run, a few gymnastic exercises. Useful after air baths water procedures.

Thanks to the perfect mechanisms of thermoregulation, a person easily tolerates temperature changes and can adapt to various climatic conditions. For him, the optimal relative humidity is 40-60%. Dry air is easily tolerated by everyone. high humidity air is unfavorable: at high temperature it contributes to overheating of the body, and at low temperatures - hypothermia. It has also been found that at high relative humidity air us, for example, colder than at low. This phenomenon is explained by the fact that water conducts heat better than air.

During hardening, the speed of air movement must be taken into account. In cold, but quiet, windless weather, we are warmer than in warmer, but with wind. Why? The fact is that with the wind, the layer of heated air near our body - the so-called boundary layer - is constantly changing and the body heats up more and more portions of the air. With wind, therefore, the body spends more heat than in calm weather. Wind causes an increase in body heat transfer. At high temperatures (up to 37 ° C), it protects a person from overheating, and at low temperatures, from hypothermia.

Especially unfavorable combination of wind with low temperature and high humidity air.

These and other properties of air flows must be taken into account during hardening. In wet and windy weather, for example, the length of exposure to the air must be reduced. In rain, fog and at an air speed of more than 3 m per second, it is generally better not to carry out outdoor procedures.

For healthy people the first air baths last 20-30 minutes at an air temperature of 15-20 °C. In the future, the duration of the procedures each time increases by 5-10 minutes and is gradually brought up to 2 hours.

When hardening with air, in no case bring yourself to chills. As soon as you feel the cooling of the body, take a jog, do some general developmental exercises. Cold air baths are recommended to be completed with vigorous rubbing of the body, if possible - warm shower.

Great opportunities for hardening - the body is represented by year-round training in the open air, all kinds of sports associated with the hardening effect of air.

A certain hardening effect is also observed when wearing light clothing allowing air to circulate underneath. In the conditions of the city, for example, with moderate frosts and a short stay outdoors in winter, instead of a fur coat, it is better to use a demi-season coat, an insulated sports jacket, and, if possible, refuse warm scarves. It is not for nothing that people say: “The frail one is in a fur coat, the healthy one is in the cold.” However, exercise reasonable caution when doing so. The consequences of such a "hardening" as walking down the street, for example, without a hat, can be very deplorable.

Particular attention should be paid to nutrition, as it is a fundamental factor in human health and prosperity. Food should be light, varied and simple. Consume as much as possible raw vegetables and fruits. To strengthen the healing effect during hardening and to prepare the body for the beginning of hardening procedures, it is recommended to conduct a health-improving course with the use of biologically active additives 1-2 times a year.

When hardening children, mothers and fathers should first of all take into account the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the child's body, the imperfection of its thermoregulatory apparatus. How less baby, the more pronounced this feature is.

Due to insufficient development of the nervous system, the child's body does not adapt well to temperature changes. environment. They tend to be out of thermal equilibrium.

Moms and dads must strictly adhere to the basic principles of hardening, which we are talking about, take into account age, health, general physical development and others. individual characteristics their babies. In the event of the slightest sign of the adverse effects of hardening procedures - lethargy or agitation, impaired appetite and sleep - you should immediately stop hardening and consult a doctor. By the way, when starting to harden a child, be sure to get specific recommendations from a pediatrician.

Try every day, persistently to bring up in children the habit of tempering procedures. Great importance has your personal example. If parents themselves accept air and water procedures, then the child will follow their example without coercion. First of all, develop in your baby a love of fresh air.

Make sure that the room in which it is located is constantly ventilated. If a outside air not too cold, then in the presence of children for the whole day open windows and transoms. The temperature in the room should be 16-19 °C. With the onset of frosty weather, the windows are slightly opened only for a while, until the air temperature in the room drops by 1-2 ° C. Gymnastics and outdoor games should always take place with open windows.

Clothing is important. In no case should you pamper children, dress them in a hundred clothes, put woolen socks, felt boots, warm sweaters on them at home. For this purpose, a linen or cotton shirt, a bra with panties and a woolen or paper dress (suit) are more suitable. Footwear - shoes or slippers.

Clothing for walking is selected according to the weather. Excessive wrapping leads to overheating of the body, which in turn predisposes to colds.

Prolonged exposure to fresh air important element hardening. Even in winter, try to keep your children for a walk for at least 3-4 hours. During walks, it is useful to play outdoor games.