The article will tell about the designs available on the market electronic locks, from it you will learn the principle of operation of locking mechanisms, the types of electronic lock control systems used. Reading will help right choice electronic lock.

The use of electromagnets and servo drives made it possible to change the idea of ​​​​the device of locks. The new generation of locking mechanisms uses a commanded electrical impulse (usually 12 V) to move the bolt or create clamping force. direct current). This made it possible to use electromechanical locks in the locking part of the door, which differ in design from classical mechanical locks, which generally increases the security of the home from the intrusion of unauthorized persons.

With the help of microprocessor control systems associated with electromagnetic or electromechanical locks, access to the premises of a certain circle of people is easily organized, remote control locking mechanism of the door or opening the door without a classic key. All this is almost impossible to implement on the basis of standard mechanical locks.

Due to the simplicity of the design, electromagnetic and electromechanical locks are able to withstand tens of thousands of opening and closing cycles without failure, which is beyond the power of conventional mechanical locks.

According to the principle of organization locking mechanism modern electromechanical locks can be divided into the following main groups:

1. Electrical crossbar locks.
2. Invisible castles.
3. Electric locks.
4. Electric latches.
5. Electromechanical locks.

According to the control systems installed in them, locks can be conditionally divided into four types.

Radio controller

These systems can recognize both specialized key fobs and operate on standard frequencies of Wi-Fi or Bluetooth networks. In the latter version, a standard tablet or smartphone can be used as a “key”.

Code dialing keyboards

The simplest and most common technical solution for control systems of electronic locks. To activate the lock mechanism, it is enough to enter a certain code, so there is no need to additionally purchase different types of keys.

The main "disease" of this control system is the erroneous operation or failure of the keys of the digital remote control, which is associated with the peculiarities of its design. Over time, the contact plates oxidize and may not close the contact or distort the applied signal, which leads to erroneous operation of the buttons. Therefore, all keypad locks require regular maintenance.

Contact key controllers

One of the most common solutions on the market of electronic locks. The lock allows you to memorize a certain number of contact keys, made in the form of a keychain or plastic card with magnetic tape. The system has a high degree reliability.

Proximity key controllers

This system allows you to work with special radio-magnetic cards, which are triggered remotely (at a distance of 10-15 cm from the reader).

Electronic lock that combines control with a code, contact key and remote control

Consider in detail all types of electronic locks, their advantages and disadvantages.

Electromagnetic locks

Electromagnetic locks are less than all other electronic locks similar to classic mechanical locks. They consist of three main parts:

1. electromagnet plates.
2. Reciprocal metal plate.
3. Control systems.

These electronic locks found wide application as a locking mechanism on metal access doors. The microprocessor system that controls them works both in intercom mode (reads and processes information from the keyboard and remote control handsets), and analyzes information from contact keys.

Advantages

Due to the high reliability of the electromagnetic lock, combined with a significant attraction force of the plate to the lock (50-500 kg), such a door guarantees a sufficient degree of protection of the premises from third-party penetration. The installed electromagnets and the outdoor part of the electronic lock control system are protected from moisture, which increases their reliability.

Electro magnetic lock for 230 kg

After being disconnected from the mains, electromagnetic locks can operate for a short time from a battery connected to the control system. After the battery is discharged, the electromagnetic lock will automatically open.

Flaws

The disadvantage of this system is the weak noise immunity of the communication lines of the control system with tubes installed in each apartment. feedback, which can lead to the failure of the entire system during a severe thunderstorm.

Self-repair and installation of this system is rare, since it involves the execution of a large volume installation work with the subsequent adjustment of the control system.

Electric bolt locks

This type of lock is similar in its appearance with a classic mechanical bolt lock. Can be completed various systems control, which ensures its versatility.

The system includes an electromagnetic bolt wire that can be used to open and close the door. Some models, thanks to built-in spring return mechanisms, provide automatic closing or opening of the lock in the event of a power failure.

Advantages

The electromagnetic mechanisms installed in these locks are highly reliable, significantly exceeding similar mechanical locks. A number of models are equipped with a door status monitoring system, which makes it possible to exclude spontaneous operation of the locking mechanism in its open state.

All models are easy to install and configure, installation and maintenance work does not require special knowledge, which has led to their high popularity.

Flaws

The inability to open the door in the absence of power to the lock.

Since this lock consists of an electromagnet, return springs and an electronic control system, its repair is reduced to checking the operation of the magnet and the condition of the springs, and maintenance is limited to lubricating moving parts and replacing bushings and return springs. When the lock is equipped with a control system that works with contactless keys or with radio control, they can be used as "invisible".

Invisible locks

This type of lock is specially designed for hidden installation. As these locks, both electronic bolt locks and compact latch locks can be used. Invisible locks can be installed in different parts of the door leaf, or built into standard mechanical locks, which significantly increases their resistance to breaking.

The lock is supplied with a control system that reads the signals transmitted via the radio channel. Radio networks can be used as a signal source for opening and closing an electronic lock.

The lock is powered by a separate power supply (usually 12 or 5 VDC is used). Auxiliary batteries are used to independently power the lock during a power outage. When buying an invisible lock, you need to pay attention to the condition of the locking tongue, the best option is when the tongue is initially retracted.

Important: if there is a long power failure, the self-closing lock cannot be opened.

Advantages

This lock is quite simple in its design and contains a minimum number of working units, which makes it easy to set up and, if necessary, repair.

Flaws

It cannot be used as a separate locking mechanism due to the simplicity of the design.

Electromotive locks

This type of locks does not differ in its capabilities from electric bolt locks. Its main difference is the use of a compact electric motor to move the locking mechanism.

A feature of some locks that use an electric motor as a driving element is their integration into a single control unit. Control units can process information both from the keypad and from key fobs of various types.

These electromotive locks are installed directly on classic mechanical locks with a cylindrical cylinder. With their help, you can easily and with minimal time and effort to convert a classic mechanical lock, replacing the usual lock cylinder with an electromotive one.

An example of an electromotive stealth lock

Advantages

Low power consumption and, as a result, the possibility of continuous operation when powered by classic AA batteries.

The disadvantages also include the complexity of the mechanism, which requires regular maintenance, including maintenance of the locking mechanism, controlled by a mechanical and electric drive.

The principle of operation of an electromechanical lock

Ready-made solutions based on electronic locks of various types:

Manufacturer, lock type	Type of locking mechanism	Lock case type	Control	price, rub.
Electronic lock ATIS LOCK on contact keys	electromagnet and mechanical key	overhead	remote from intercom, contact key fob	4000
Electronic lock ATIS AM 280 on key chains	electromagnet	mortise		4000
Electric bolt lock AB700A on key chains	electromagnet	mortise	remote from the intercom, radio key fob	4200
Electronic lock ATIS AM 280 on cards	electromagnet	mortise	remote from the intercom, cards	4600
Universal coded electronic lock AM 280	electromagnet	mortise	keypad, magnetic key fobs, cards	5730
Electromechanical motor lock "Dori-4" Classic	electromotive	overhead	dial pad	9370

Thanks to the simple combination of electric locks with various types control systems, it is possible to form an access system of any complexity, providing high level burglary protection.

The possibility of remote opening or processing by the control system of wireless radio signals of various frequencies and the simplicity of design are the main advantages of electronic locks over mechanical ones. The simplicity of the arrangement of actuators and the versatility of control systems increase the reliability of systems built on their basis.

Electric locks are modern locking devices that work under the influence of electric current. Installation of electric locks in most cases is carried out by professionals, however, all work can be done on your own. A minimum set of tools is required for installation and connection, a large number of attention and maximum precision.

Additional devices for electric locks

The device of the electric lock depends on its type. Currently there are:

• electromechanical locks;
• electromagnetic locks.

The composition of the electromechanical lock

Combines the functions of a simple mechanical shutter and an electric drive.

Electric door lock with mechanical opening function consists of:

• the body of the device in which the electric motor is installed, the larva for opening with a key and the locking crossbars;
• striker plate;
• a set of keys;
• additional electrical wires;
• fasteners;
• instructions describing how to install an electric lock.

It is advisable to install electromechanical locks indoors or additionally protect them from moisture with casings.

The composition of the electromagnetic lock

It holds the door in the closed position with the help of a magnetic field that occurs due to the supply of electric current, that is, a powerful magnet located in one part of the lock holds the metal bar on the counterpart of the mechanism.

The composition of such a device when it is purchased includes:

• magnet, which is separate part castle;
• reciprocal metal bar, attracted by a magnet;
• corner for mounting the main unit;
• fasteners;
• additional wires;
• instructions that describe in detail how to connect the electric lock.

Electromagnetic locks are less whimsical than electromechanical ones. Use devices without additional protection Can be used both indoors and outdoors.

Additional equipment for any kind of electric locks

Installation of electric locks on the door or impossible without additional equipment, which includes:

• a controller that controls the electric lock and is located in a special unit;

• uninterruptible power supply, which is required for the operation of the device during periods of central power outage. The electric lock can be powered from an electrical outlet or batteries located in this unit. Charging of accumulators is made from the network adapter;

• a reader for code information from a key fob or card, which is located on the outside of the door;

• door opening device from the inside. Electric lock on front door can be equipped with this fixture for added user convenience.

If the owner wishes, the electric lock on the gate can be equipped with an intercom with the function of autonomous opening from the living quarters. In this case, you do not have to go out every time to let in visitors.

Another additional device - closer - is installed at the request of the user. Doors equipped with closers operate smoothly, without vibration when closing, which reduces the life of the lock.

A set of additional devices is determined by the need (controller and power supply) and the wishes of the user.

Electric lock installation

Do-it-yourself electric lock installation different ways depending on the type of device and its location.

If the locking mechanism is to be installed on the door, mortise locks are predominantly used.

If a locking device is required to fix the gate, then overhead locks are used.

Installation of an electric lock on the front door

How to put an electric lock on the front door? This will require:

• drill with various attachments for drilling holes for fastening elements of the lock and additional equipment;
• screwdriver for secure fixation of connecting elements;
• chisel, hammer. Necessary for arranging an internal niche in wooden structures;
• boxes or other protective devices electrical wires from mechanical damage and moisture ingress, as well as to give the room an aesthetic appearance.

You can embed an electric lock with your own hands according to the following scheme:

1. on the door leaf, mark the area for installing the lock and mark the attachment points of the device;

Correct marking is the key to proper installation and smooth operation of the lock.

1. remove part of the door leaf and drill holes for the connecting bolts;
2. install the lock in a niche and securely fix the device;
3. mark the area under the striker on the door jamb;
4. remove part of the jamb in the same way;
5. install and secure the reciprocal bar;
6. install additional equipment;

The power supply is located near the power source. It is more expedient to install the controller on the wall next to the door so that the equipment does not interfere with the passage and opening of the door.

1. stretch and remove all connecting wires in the box;
2. connect all mechanisms. The wiring diagram for the electric lock is included in the kit;
3. connect the circuit to a power source;
4. check the functionality.

If errors or shortcomings are found, they should be eliminated and / or corrected, since the lock will not work correctly.

Installation process mortise lock detailed in the video.

Installing an electric lock on a gate

To install an electric lock on a gate, in addition to the above equipment, you will need:

• Bulgarian;
• welding machine.

This equipment is required for installation profile pipes on which the lock will be attached.

You can install the lock using the following instructions:

1. if necessary, mount a frame from profile pipes in the area of ​​​​the lock installation. How to do this correctly will help you figure out the electric lock diagram attached to the equipment set, on which all dimensions of the device are marked;
2. markup for further installation. It is necessary to note the places of fastenings and through holes required for mounting the system elements;
3. install and secure the lock;

1. in a similar way, mount the reciprocal bar and the additional equipment provided for by the design;
2. connect the electric lock according to the attached diagram;
3. install a protective cover over the lock;
4. check the correct operation of the device. Correct deficiencies if necessary.

Installation of electric locks is carried out according to the schemes attached to the device. In order for the mechanism to work correctly and be used for a long period of time, the entire installation process must be carried out with the utmost clarity and increased attention.

Any owner of a private house wants to protect his yard from intruders. And the decisive moment in this matter is the correct choice of the lock on the gate. They are different - from the good old padlocks and mortise locks to complex security systems. The most popular option today is the electric gate lock. This article will tell you about the features of the selection and operation of such devices.

Advantages and disadvantages of an electric lock

First of all, let's understand the principles of operation of an electrically controlled lock. From the outside, the device is opened with a key (magnetic or conventional), and from the inside - either by a button located on the inside of the door, or remotely, using an intercom.

Important details in the device of the electric lock are two crossbars - cocking and working. When the door closes, the first cocks the spring, and the second enters the part of the lock, called the reciprocal. At the same time, the door is locked, and it becomes impossible to open it by simply pulling the handle. When we need to unlock the gate, an electric signal is applied to the solenoid of the electromagnet in the lock with the help of a button, the spring retainer is reset, and the working bolt is pulled back into the lock under its action.

A modern electric gate lock has the following "pluses":

• to open the door, there is no need to go outside (if you have an electric lock installed on the gate with an intercom);
• magnetic keys are difficult to fake;
• resistance to influence environment allows you to extend the life of the lock;
• electric locks provide a high level of security for your home.

The disadvantages of the electric lock on the gate include, first of all, the complexity of installation (the installation of such a lock should be carried out only by an experienced specialist), as well as the dependence on the power supply and the high cost of the device itself.

However, there are several types of electrically controlled locks:

We also note that for the correct operation of the device, it is required that the control voltage is within 12 V, and the current strength is from 1.2 to 3 A, depending on the model of the lock.

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Manufacturing company door hardware is a reliable and proven manufacturer of high-quality door fittings. With the help of the experience gained while working with manufacturers of door fittings of foreign and domestic samples, the METTEM Combination Locks Company has the opportunity to create fittings of perfect quality.

Combination locks METTEM Categories of goods: Products are produced simultaneously in several price categories, this gives customers the opportunity to choose the best product for them. 1. Economic - inexpensive option with beautiful decoration.

2. Standard - excellent quality products with an attractive design. 3. Premium - elegant and flawless products with high-quality protective mechanisms and exclusive design.

Company Combination locks METTEM

provides huge selection door fittings, with a huge number of products of excellent quality and several product groups. Combination locks METTEM Advantages of products from the company Combination locks METTEM over products from other manufacturers: Fittings from the company Combination locks METTEM is primarily quality and reliability - the main characteristics that ensure long-term use of goods.

In the manufacture of door fittings, the best modern technologies, years of experience and materials of exceptional quality. The company manufactures fittings according to European quality standards, which allows us to fully meet the requirements of modern customers, namely in such requests as: 1. Affordable price- branded products go on sale without a % markup and commission.

2. A good assortment - the product catalog consists of a wide variety of products: from simple, concise fittings to exclusive design elements. 3. Perfect quality material - the best quality metals are used in the production: brass, steel of the best grades, as well as copper and other alloys. Our

It is intended for installation on metal and wooden doors where high security properties are not required, and locking is needed more for show, from loafers passing by.

Therefore, the locking device in question is popular in places such as driveways, public toilet doors, gazebos, utility rooms, etc.

Please note that with all the advantages of this castle, its security properties are frankly low. Therefore, it is not necessary to put it on unguarded critical premises with a single lock.

Another important point: the lock is assembled under the door internal opening and cannot be installed on the door of external opening.

The factory in the passport declares that there is a modification that can be installed on external opening doors. But to be honest, we haven't seen anything like it.

The cocking of the latch into the working position occurs when the door slams shut.

At the same time, it is extremely important to install the counter part of the ZKP, with which it is completed, on the door.

The locking latch of the lock consists, as it were, of two parts: a platoon and a lock. When the door snaps into place, the platoon part of the latch, with the correct installation of the lock, abuts against the reciprocal plate and sinks into the body. At this moment, the locking part of the latch is loaded by the force of the spring, which also drags this part into the housing.

But the locking plates, which actually provide the code, prevent her from entering.

To open the RFP, you must simultaneously hold down the numbers of the set code. By default, the RFP is assembled from the factory with code 38.

From the inside, the mattem combination lock is operated by simply moving the handle, like a latch.

The latch is fastened both to the front mounting holes and to the end holes.

In addition, it is important to fix the counterpart, exactly the one that comes with the kit.

We emphasize that the correct installation of the code lock in question is a frankly difficult task. It is important not only to place everything on the same horizontal level, but also to correctly calculate the distance between the movable lock on the canvas and the fixed answer.

It happens that at the door the gap between the canvas and the box is huge initially.

And after installing this locking device, the latch simply does not reach the intended hole, that is, it does not fix the door. In the instruction manual, the manufacturer writes that the gap between the housing and the counter should not exceed 3 mm.

And there are situations exactly the opposite, when there is a very small distance between the box and the canvas.

And having fixed the answer with the lock, the door stops closing, because the end of the lock simply rests on the answer.

It is not uncommon to find a ZKP installed on the street gate of a private house.

Open to all rain, wind and adversity. You can hear negative feedback from the owners of these locks, such as the lock is bad and often breaks.

We repeat from time to time: there are no airtight locks that will work well in cold weather. Pieces of ice will prevent it from working properly and will drastically reduce its service life. Eliminate direct moisture on the case, and everything will be fine.

And so, the quality of the RFP is excellent.

At correct installation and compliance with operating conditions, these latches work for many, many years.

By the way, one more important note. A mettem combination lock is one of the few locking devices that can and should be periodically lubricated.

Because there are no small code elements in the castle. All parts are rather bulky plates. And at the same time, each of them is loaded with the force of powerful springs.

Therefore, lubrication in this case will reduce the friction forces between the mating parts and increase the life of the latch.

Instructions for changing the code

The mettem combination lock is assembled from the factory under the number 38.

That is, in order to open such a lock now, you need to cock it and simultaneously press the two middle keys.

Let's learn how to change the code of this lock.

To do this, we need to unscrew the four screws on the back cover.

So, the code combination of the lock is given by ten plates of the same shape.

Each plate is located under one of ten keys, each of which corresponds to a specific number relative to the overlay with numbers.

Each plate can be installed in two positions. In one position, she will include the number below her in the code combination, in the other position she will exclude it.

What does it mean?

Now the lock has a combination of two numbers 3 and 8

These numbers are in the middle of each horizontal.

And if you now carefully look at the code plates, you can see that they all have a bevel. But only two numbers have this bevel looking inside the lock. As you may have guessed, these plates correspond to the numbers 3 and 8.

For all other plates, the bevel looks from the lock.

Therefore, to change the code, we need to swap these plates.

In order to ensure advanced level security, according to the manufacturer's recommendations, you need to include at least three digits in the code.

Today I will describe and take apart the code lock of the Russian company METTEM, the model of the lock ZKP-1 (aka ZKP-30).

The lock is push-button (it is also called a latch), mechanical. In a modernized form, it repeats those locks that were made back in the USSR (the METTEM company was founded in 1992 on the basis of the Molot plant, Moscow).

Balashikha).

So, the lock body, thoroughly made of strong steel, is covered with… I don’t know exactly what this coloring is called (maybe hammer enamel?), Only ten steel buttons and a 2 mm thick plate protrude from the outer side of the door, on which the manufacturer’s logo and numbers are embossed .

Opening is made by simultaneous pressing of three buttons. The code can be changed.

On the reverse side there is a ledge and a handle for opening the lock from the inside.

The tongue of the lock is a double external square section, inside there is another movable round section.

Let's start dismantling METTEM ZKP-1.

We remove the plate with embossed numbers.

We turn the lock over and unscrew the four screws of the protective cover and remove it together with the manual opening lever.

This block has flat springs that press on the code plates, which in turn press on the buttons.

Under this plate we see slots of coding plates - these are the so-called tsugali or levers.

We take them out. The code is changed by changing the combination of these plates (shuffling).

We turn the lock over and unscrew the two button blocks.

Their bodies are made of aluminum, or some kind of aluminum alloy. Buttons - steel cylinders with hats.

In the cover of the lock under the push-button blocks there are also slots for the tsugali.

Now nothing holds the lid, remove it and look inside.

Inside we see a crossbar and two U-shaped guides.

The crossbar consists of a latch finger, it is located inside the clip (tongue), the crossbar slider - the latch shank moves in it.

In the center of the crossbar there is a stud - a stud with a nut, it moves in the slot of the slider of the crossbar. Further photos of the subsequent phased dismantling of the ZKP-1 lock ...

Drawing of locks ZKP-1 and ZKP-2

This completes the disassembly of the METTEM ZKP-1 code lock.

You can lubricate the whole thing and assemble it back - but I took it apart one way ...

The product, in my opinion, is of high quality, reliable, has preserved good Soviet traditions, as it is “made for centuries” ...

Electromechanical, coded, autonomous lock Cisa-Nimeo

Electromechanical lock Cisa-Nimeo is intended for use in public spaces such as offices, factories, educational institutions and wherever a multi-level access control system is required.

The basis of the lock lies in the micro controller latest generation, which allows not only to control the lock using a code, card and radio remote control, but also to create separate user groups with personal codes and electronic cards. With this function, if necessary, you can erase a specific card or code from the lock's memory, as well as replace them with new ones.

This is not available in conventional electronic locks, and if you need to remove one card, you have to remove everything.

Gate lock - a selection of the best modern models and options for their competent installation (85 photos)

Cisa-Nimeo is of particular interest where there is no possibility of supplying electricity to operate a conventional electronic lock. Autonomous power supply provided by 4 AA batteries with a service life of up to 12 months.

Castle characteristics:

• Lock type: electronic
• Installation type: mortise
• Opening methods: by code, by card, radio remote control, mech.
• Number of digits in the code: from 6 to 12
• Number of registered cards: up to 50
• Card type: Em marine 125 kHz
• Opening by code: yes
• Remote opening: yes (additional charge)
• Mechanical key opening: yes
• Card opening: yes
• Display backlight: yes
• Permissible door thickness: 40 to 70 mm
• Permissible humidity: from 40% to 80%
• Working temperature: -15°С to +50°С
• Power: DC 6V (AA alkaline batteries x 4)
• Battery life: 1 year (10 openings per day)
• Dimensions of the inside of the lock (WxHxT): 69.5x161.5x80.3 mm
• Dimensions of the outer part of the lock (WxHxT): 69.5x161.5x91.9 mm
• Available colors: antique bronze, nickel
• Production material: steel, zinc, ABS plastic
• Country of manufacture: Italy

Mortise part of the lock

Housing with split latch and retractable bolt.

The main area of ​​application is installation in metal and wooden doors instead of an old lock with similar dimensions.

Latch housing "Compact"

The main area of ​​application is installation in interior doors in a new place or instead of an old one with similar dimensions.

The price of the lock with installation is 24,000 rubles.
Controller with 1 radio remote control - 7000 rubles.
Additional remote control - 1500 rubles.
Card — 100 rubles.

How to install a combination lock on a gate?

After the completion of the construction of the fence, each owner has a question of how to secure their own territory adjacent to the house.

In this regard, many are beginning to think about installing a good and sufficiently high-quality lock on the gate. This issue must be taken seriously, because it is very important for the safety of everyone living in this house.

Initially, it should be understood that a reliable lock will necessarily have a rather high cost.

Code locks. Peculiarities

Such protective devices are quite popular today among most buyers. There are several types of combination locks.

✔ mechanical lock .

In this option, attackers will not be able to pick the lock, because it does not have a keyhole. However, if the owner of the house forgets the code, then it will not work to open such a device. A mechanical combination lock is installed on the gate. This device has the ability to snap into place automatically.

✔ Electromechanical lock - this is combined option protective device.

This type of lock is considered complicated, since it is equipped with mechanical drives powered by electricity. This type is more reliable.

There are mortise and overhead locks. The overhead version is a simple overhead device with only a button, when pressed, the lock will open. It is possible to put a lock on such a lock and then the gate will be open all the time.

In addition to all this, in such devices there is a mechanism by which you can open the gate with a simple key.

✔ Electronic version of the lock programmed for a specific set of numbers. If you enter the code correctly, the door will open.

Installation of a code lock

Can be installed by yourself coded lock on gate . The most important thing is to have instructions for protective device. Thus, the work will be easier.

It is also important to prepare the required tools for installing the lock in advance.

Procedure

✔ First, the main part of the lock is applied, and then its complementary part to the leaf of the gate.
✔ The reverse part is attached to the gate with a screwdriver.
✔ A locking bolt is inserted into the opposite side of the lock.

Selection and installation of an electric lock on the gate, intercom and gate

Holes are drilled for the keyboard and crossbar.
✔ The lock and handle are fixed with screws. In the end, you should definitely attach the lid to the lock and check how it does its job.

How to rearrange the code on the combination lock. How to set a code lock?

Combination locks provide a high level of security for the premises, since they are quite difficult to crack and even more so open with a found key or a special master key.

Thanks to the development of new technologies, such devices every year become not only more reliable, but also more affordable.. To date, most of the entrance doors of apartment buildings are equipped with a combination lock. Owners of office buildings also appreciated the convenience of mechanisms with the ability to open the door with a unique code.

It was possible to ensure a high level of secrecy due to the possibility of changing the code combination. Changing the password on the lock may be required in various situations.

For example, after repair work, it is worth changing the code to restrict access to workers who knew the previous combination. Also it is recommended to periodically change the code every 3-5 months, since characteristic scuffs may remain on the lock buttons, which will allow an attacker to choose the correct combination of numbers.

Types of code locks and how to change the code

To date, there are several types of combination locks, which differ in the degree of secrecy and the principle of operation.

Consider how the code is changed on each type of lock.

Mechanical combination locks. This type of device is considered obsolete, but, nevertheless, it can still be often found. To change the code on a lock with mechanical buttons, you will need to partially disassemble the case in order to gain access to special plates.

Each of the plates corresponds to a button on the dial pad and has a slight bevel on one side. By removing the plate and setting it with a bevel to the center of the lock, the corresponding button becomes part of the code.

Electromechanical andelectronic combination locks. Such devices are more practical and are very popular due to the possibility of integration into common system access control.

Electromagnetic combination locks can be found in almost all apartment buildings, and in recent years they have become in demand among the owners of country cottages, where they are installed on the entrance gate.

Changing the code to electromechanical or electronic locks can be done in two ways, it depends on the chosen model:

With Code, which puts the device into programming mode.

A special code allows you to put the lock into the code combination change mode, after which you must enter a new code. Having returned the lock to the standard mode of operation, you need to make sure that it works with a new numerical combination.

With a special key.

Such models are equipped with a special key, it allows you to put the lock into a mode in which it is possible to set a new code. It remains only to enter another combination of numbers, remove the key and check the operation of the device.

Regardless of the type of code lock, changing the secret combination of numbers is carried out within 5-7 minutes and does not require special skills, but if this procedure seemed complicated, it is better to seek help from specialists.

Currently, almost all luggage manufacturers install combination locks on their products: padlocks, built-in, and any, the main thing is that your things are safe.

Do-it-yourself electric lock installation

And very often the traveler is faced with a problem: how to set the code on the suitcase? It’s good if there is an instruction in the suitcase, but what if it isn’t? What to do in this case? In fact, this is not at all a complicated and fast procedure.

For any model, the initial factory code is 000 (three zeros).

You can leave this combination, or you can set your own. It remains only to determine the type of lock.

How to set the code on the suitcase: built-in lock

You plastic polypropylene suitcase with latches?

Then in most cases the lock is installed like this:

1. Open the suitcase and make sure that you have the factory code - three zeros
2. At the bottom of the combination lock (or on the inside, depending on the model) is a plate (or metal lever), which must be moved from position A to position B (usually from bottom to top)
3. While holding the plate/lever, set the desired combination, for example 234, and return the plate/lever to its original position.

   Code set!

Polycarbonate or fabric suitcases are usually equipped with a padlock or built-in combination lock. For them, the instructions are quite similar.

Built-in code lock:



1. Press the big PUSH button to pop the runners out of the lock
2. Check that the combination of numbers matches three zeros (000)
3. Find a small code lock button on the side of the lock, it is almost invisible and is usually located on the side on which the sliders are located
4. Take a pencil or pen and press the lock button inward.

   Keep it pressed

5. Dial the desired combination of numbers
6. Remove the pencil from the lock button and press the large PUSH button. Ready!

How to set a code on a suitcase: padlock

Well, the last modification of the castle is padlock combination lock.

1. Remove the lock from the suitcase and set the initial combination of three zeros - 000
2. Turn the lock shackle 90 or 180 degrees, then you will see that there is a recess in which you need to press this shackle and hold it pressed
3. Dial your unique code by turning the wheels starting from the top number
4. Release the bow and return it to its original position.

   Nothing complicated!

And yet, try not to forget the code you set. Let the combination of numbers be associated with something important, then you will definitely avoid unnecessary trouble! In extreme cases, you can write down the lock code and hide it in a safe place.

Have a good trip!

Today, within this material You will learn how to change the code on the code lock of the front door in the entrance. The topic will be supported by a specialist in opening doors without a key, Alexey. This is the only first-person report so far, but there will be others soon if the topic is relevant.

To whom it seems that this topic, How to change the code on a combination lock, is not fully disclosed or someone, something is not clear, leave your questions and suggestions in the comments.

Alex will definitely answer.

And so, hello dear visitors of the construction site umnyestroiteli.ru. My name is Aleksey and today, within the framework of this article, I will try to explain how to change the code on the combination lock set at the very beginning by the door installer.

We will change the code on a push-button mechanical lock. Well, for starters, let's figure out why to change it.

Why change the code on the code lock?

Typically, a combination lock is released with standard settings.

The lock code consists of only two digits and at the first stage, it can be 38 or 78. But, a good company that provides services for installing the front door in the entrances changes this code to a more complex one. Which will have a three-digit digital code, which will later be harder to pick up!

In the second case, the code of the code lock is changed after some time, since the buttons of the code lock are oxidized from constant touch and it becomes clear which buttons to press.

Well, an example of oxidized buttons of a combination lock, in the photo below.

This photo shows that the code on the front door code lock, it's time to change! But when installing a combination lock, on the back of the front door, in order to safely dismantle the core of the lock, literally all specialists solder it with a metal sheet.

As in the photo below.



So, my dears, we will have to cut off this damper in order to change the notorious code.

How to change the code on a combination lock.

Let's break it down first. On the back of the lock, there are four screws that need to be removed.



Having unscrewed these screws, the cover will automatically be removed, behind it there will be the parts we need, which are called levers.

These levers, when the lock is pressed, go back and forth and there are limiters on them, in the first case these are cut sides of the levers, in the second case these are pits at the top of the levers. They are highlighted in the photo below. orange.



These levers can be taken out of the lock and inserted back, turning the mirror.

Well, a little more detail.

In the first case, the levers have a notch, which are turned away from the lock, and in the second case, the levers have cuts on their upper part, which, in turn, are also turned away from the lock. The first photo shows and highlighted in orange, those levers that are on this moment set the code for the code lock.

They need to be taken out and put in a normal position. After taking out those levers that we need in the code and turning it in a mirror so that they look inside the lock, install it back.

In order to change the code, we just need the levers we need, turn inside the castle, and turn the old ones so that they look out!

Thanks everyone and good luck!

What is not clear on the material, ask in the comments form.

Well, in the end, interesting.

http://www.umnyestroiteli.ru

Instructions for use

Have you bought a new suitcase with a combination lock and do not know how to set your combination correctly?

Do not worry, this question arises for every second traveler after the purchase.

Let us immediately reassure that there is nothing complicated in this procedure. A couple of minutes is enough, and your suitcase will become an impregnable fortress for everyone except its rightful owner.

For any model, the factory code for opening the lock is initially set to three zeros - “000”.


For fixed combination lock:

Important– do not release the button / do not change the position of the lever before you have finished dialing the numbers.

This may result in incorrect code being installed.


For combination padlock:



Well, your personal code is set! Now the most important thing is to remember the saved combination of numbers!

Pick a number that you won't forget for sure. It could be your birthday, zip code, or just your lucky number.

If you forget the set code, then opening the suitcase can be a big problem.

You will either have to go through all the possible numerical combinations for a long time and hard, or carry the suitcase to the warranty workshop and ask for help from specialists.

It's not so scary if you're just going on a trip. What if you are in another country and all your belongings are locked inside? It is better to play it safe and write down the digital code, hiding it in a safe place.

“If you have one key in your pocket, then your key to the apartment, and you are a big boss! If you have two keys on a bunch, then you have an office, and you are an office worker! If you have three keys or more, then you are the head of the warehouse! Folk wisdom.

Carrying a large bunch of keys to locks in your pocket is a great inconvenience. This is especially evident not in winter, but in summer. In the season when a person has fewer clothes, which means fewer pockets. And if a bunch of keys is large, then under its weight it is able to wipe pockets to holes. To prevent pockets from being wiped, various key holders are used, but the key holders increase the dimensions of the keychain, which is not only inconvenient.

The bulging of pockets looks ugly. Women in this regard are more fortunate than men, because they have "dimensionless" handbags. What can't you find there? To unload their pockets, men use purses.

But the purse also presents some inconvenience - one hand is constantly busy carrying.

But what if the number of people working in office space a lot of?

Go to the key keeper and make a large number of duplicates! There is another way: Install a combination lock on the front door.

A large number of mechanical combination locks are sold in stores, but they have drawbacks. Push-button locks have a weak degree of protection - the code is easily selected.

Locks with wheels are inconvenient to use - first you need to set all the wheels to the required numbers, open the lock, and then turn the wheels again to “knock down” the code combination.

The most convenient to use is an electronic combination lock.

There are many different combination lock schemes on the Internet, but after digging around on the global network, I found that all combination lock schemes made on one or two microcircuits have poor tamper-proof protection, which, provided that the keypad is easily opened, can be opened using an ordinary tseshki, multimeter, or logic probe.

Of course you can collect the simplest circuit, but it must come with a "cast iron" keypad so that it is impossible to get to the wires. I offer you a scheme for an electronic combination lock, which does not need a keypad "hacked only by a grinder". If they break anything, it's only the panel. But a cast-iron panel can also be hit once with a heavy object, putting it out of action. During five years of operation, the proposed combination lock has shown high reliability - it has never broken and high security against hacking.

You can see the view of the code lock from the outside of the door in the photo - this is only a light keypad. The view of the code lock from the inside of the door is shown below.

The proposed electronic combination lock is made on two CMOS chips 561LA7 and one 561LE5, has low power consumption from the network - about 2 milliamps on the secondary winding of the transformer in standby mode.

When powered by battery, current consumption is measured in units of microamperes. Thus, the combination lock is powered by an industrial network, and if it fails, it is powered by a 12-volt battery. In the presence of an industrial network of 220 volts, the battery is recharged, and in the absence of an industrial network, it is a source of power for the lock.

A schematic diagram of an electronic combination lock is shown in the figure.



In the initial state, the entire circuit, except for the power sources, is de-energized. The node, assembled on transistors VT1-VT3, is designed to supply power to the electronic code dialing unit, for a limited time required for dialing the code (about 10 ... 15 seconds).

Power is supplied by pressing the "," button. This button is not a code button. The power supply time limit is designed to ensure that the lock electronics do not consume power in standby mode. Therefore, if you keep this button pressed, then the power supply will be constantly present on the circuit, and will disappear 15 seconds after the “,” button is released.

The SA1 code dialer is a keypad that extends outside the lock and is connected to the lock circuit using twelve thin stranded conductors.

The SR1 code setting panel is designed to set the lock code. As a panel, the panel for setting fixed frequencies of the R-140 radio station, or the R-155 radio receiver, where special plugs are used, is used. Perhaps, instead of a dial pad, use other switching methods.

After setting a certain code, the SR1 code setting panel is closed with a special cover and sealed with a mastic seal.

Thus, when leaving the premises, you can check that no one has spied on your code. Otherwise, by opening the lid, you can quickly change it and reseal the lid.

The circuit diagram shows the setting of the lock code "3052". In the photo of the panel - "5491".

As you understand, the dialing code is four-digit, (not counting the power button ","). The dialing of the code is carried out by successive pressing of the buttons. If the buttons are pressed in the wrong order, the lock will not open.

It is allowed to simultaneously press all four buttons of the code, but in any case, the actuator will operate for a time limited by the charge time of the capacitor C7, equal to 1 second. Capacitors C5-C6 limit the time required to dial the code.

If within 10 seconds the code is not dialed, then the actuator will not work and the code set must be repeated from the beginning.

The circuit assembled on the elements of the D3 chip is designed to prevent unauthorized selection of the lock code. When any of the six “wrong” buttons is pressed, the D3.2-D3.3 single vibrator blocks the code set and the actuator for 15 seconds. This time is determined by the values ​​of the elements C9 and R17 and the time of power supply from the power supply unit.

After that, in order to open the lock, you must wait at least 15 seconds and enter the code correctly. If the “wrong” button is pressed again, the lock will be blocked again for 15 seconds. If, during blocking, without waiting 15 seconds, the attacker energizes the lock with the "," button, then the blocking will last for another 15 seconds. The self-locking node greatly complicates attempts to select a code.

In our case, on the typesetting field SR1 circuit diagram the “wrong” buttons are set - 1, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 9.

In the case of a self-locking lock, there are no audible or visible signs, so the attacker does not know about it, which does not allow him to determine the "wrong" buttons. It is also impossible to determine that the code lock has become self-locking by the presence or absence of voltage on the contacts of the opened dial-in panel by any electronic devices.

When the correct code is entered, the executive contact group of relay P1 supplies power to the lock actuator (electromagnet or motor).

The power supply time is determined by the capacitance of C7 and is approximately 1 second. To adjust the power supply time to the executive relay manually (by the duration of pressing the last button of the set code), but not more than 2 seconds, it is necessary to disconnect the resistor R12 from terminal 4 of element D2.4, and connect it to the common wire of the circuit.

Electromechanical lock for the gate: a guarantee of safety and comfort

Chips 561LA7 are interchangeable with 176LA7, or an imported analogue of CD4011. Chip 561LE5 is interchangeable with 176LE5, or an imported analogue of CD4001. Transistors VT1-VT3 - type KT361, or KT3107 with any letter. Transistor VT4 - type KT315, or KT3105 with any letter. Transistor VT5 - type KT815 with any letter.

The secondary winding of the transformer T1 is designed for 12 volts. Transformer T1 is selected with sufficient power to ensure actuation of the actuator, any rectifier diodes VD3-VD7 must also provide sufficient load current for the actuator.

Diodes VD8-VD20 - any low-power pulse. As a rechargeable battery, it is optimal to use a small-sized alkaline battery used in uninterruptible power supplies. The entire circuit, except for the dialer, actuator, battery and power transformer, is placed in a plastic case measuring 10x14 cm.

The combination lock can also be used without a battery if it is used as part of a lock that can also be opened with a key. I did just that. The key to one of our workrooms is kept by the janitor in a tube. I have no key on the link and my colleagues.

We open this room with a code, but if the light disappears, then we take the key from the tube. In order not to run to the watchman in the absence of light after opening the premises, there is an additional backup key in the safe.

As an actuator, I used the drive for unlocking and locking car door locks, picking it up on a chain to the flag of an ordinary patch lock, which “can” slam shut.

This lock, or one similar to it, is sold at any hardware store, and the drive can be bought at any automotive store. The housing of the electronic circuit of the lock is located on the inside of the door, directly next to the actuator.

The SA1 code dialer is made from the keys of an old domestic calculator, decoratively placed in a case made from a soap dish.

It is brought out of the lock on the outside of the door and connected to electronic circuit in a way that eliminates the possibility of code selection by "electronic scanning", or hacking using measuring equipment. This is due to the fact that no matter what state the lock is in, all its contacts have the same potential. No attempts to dial, or close contacts in search of a code also lead to nothing.

The scheme of the presented combination lock, like any other electronic locks, can be damaged by applying high voltage to the contacts of an open keypad, but the lock will still not open.

Unfortunately, I cannot offer you a printed circuit board, because I made the lock ten years ago.

A rim lock, used in conjunction with an electronic combination lock, can be easily opened with a flat object inserted between the door and the jamb - a knife or a metal ruler.

Therefore, when installing such a lock, ensure the conditions under which it will be impossible to do this - the door frame and the door itself must be strong, and the gap is closed with a recess that prevents access to the lock tongue.

To protect the house from the entry of strangers, locks are installed on the doors.

Classification of locking systems

According to the degree of protection and the opening mechanism, products can be divided into the following groups:

• constipation - hook, valve, etc.;
• locks - mechanical, electromechanical, electromagnetic.

A simple option for the unlocking method is constipation. They do not contain a secret locking mechanism and no keys are used to unlock.

Of the locks that have a mechanism, a simple option is mechanical devices. To open or close them, you need a key that is inserted into the well and, depending on the design, is either turned or moved back and forth. As a result, the mechanism works and the door opens.

An electrical signal is used to control electromechanical and electromagnetic devices. They allow the use of a remote control to open the system remotely. It is possible to use fingerprint or palm reading, voice control, etc.

According to the mounting option of the device are:

• overhead,
• mortise,
• mounted.

According to the type of locking mechanism, they are divided into level and cylinder.

Locks can be purchased from specialized stores or online. construction market, and do it on the door with your own hands. For such a constipation, it is much more difficult to find a key, it is assembled from high-quality elements, and only the developer knows the scheme of the secret part.

Homemade latch lock

The principle of operation is as follows: a bolt (such as a furniture bolt) is installed in the door, which is turned with a hex key. The bolt goes through the entire thickness of the web. On the reverse side of the sash there is a rail (latch), which is attached to the bolt. For this, a flat flat is made at the end of the hardware. It is performed using a needle file. The rail is mounted on a flat. So that the steel plate does not fall off the bolt, it is supported with a nut, which is screwed on one and the other side of the heck.

To lock the door, the latch must be in the striker.

Now, to open the door, a hex key is inserted into the head of the bolt and turned. Simultaneously with the turn of the bolt, the latch also turns.

Hidden mechanical device

The trick of such a heck is that it is difficult to find the head of the unlocking bolt on the surface of the canvas.

Do-it-yourself mechanical constipation

You can make your own valve. It is a metal plate that looks like in the picture.

A small hole is made in the sash (about 10 mm). The key stem has a plate at the end that can rotate around its axis. When the key is pushed into the keyhole, the plate with the rod form a single straight line. A limiter is marked on the rod, and the key is inserted into the well clearly along this limiter. Further, the plate under its own weight is lowered and fixed in one of the slots on the valve.

Diagram of a homemade mechanical device

To prevent the rail from falling out during movement, a limiter or stopper is installed for it, made in the form of a stop and two supporting brackets. Thus, on the one hand, the course of the rail is controlled by the stop - limiter, on the other - it moves to the first bracket.

Only a key made for this mechanism can open such a system, since it is impossible to find out from the outside the length of the plate attached to the rod.

Electromechanical door device

When the door is locked, the crossbar, consisting of a rod and a head, enters the reciprocal bar, while the spring associated with it is stretched or cocked. The spring is connected to a coil or solenoid. When the electricity is turned off, the spring is released, and the bolt is drawn into the lock.

The design of the electromechanical device

Attention! If there is no electricity, the lock can be opened from the outside with a key, and the door can be opened from the inside with a special lever or button.

electromagnetic device

To understand how to make a magnetic lock with your own hands, first consider its device.

Device

The main element of the mechanism is an electromagnet, which is a core made of transformer steel in the shape of the letter Sh. Such steel does not have a memory effect and is a magnetically soft material. The core is recruited from a large number of thin plates or made from a single plate.

Winding around the core copper wire enamelled. The coil has a large number (up to a thousand or more) turns. When an electric current passes through the winding, an electromagnetic field is created in the core, which controls the operation of the lock.

However, over time, the mechanical characteristics of the door weaken due to the effect of residual magnetization. To combat it, the effect of changing the polarity of the voltage during demagnetization is used. locking device. However, in this case, force is required to open the door.

Due to the absence of moving parts, the device has a long service life.

Since low-alloy steel is used for the manufacture of structural parts, which is easily corroded, they must be protected. For protection, varnishing, zinc plating or nickel plating is used.

The main parameter of the mechanism is the holding force of the door. To increase the force that is applied to hold the door, it is possible to install several locks. This value depends on the material from which the core and armature are made, the current strength and the number of turns in the coil winding. Performed overhead type.

Electromagnetic or electromechanical mechanisms are installed on fire doors, entrance structures in entrances, etc.

Types of electromagnetic devices

Depending on the work of the anchor, the structures are divided into holding and shear. In holding models, the anchor acts on separation, and in shear models, it shifts in the transverse direction.

For holding-type devices, when voltage is applied, the resulting magnetic field in the armature-core circuit keeps the sash from opening.

The principle of operation of the holding electromagnetic lock

For shear-type devices, the armature has holes, and the core has protrusions for these holes. When voltage is applied, the armature is brought to the core and is attracted to it. In this case, the protrusions of the magnetic circuit enter the corresponding grooves of the armature. In this case, the holding force is characterized by the force that must be applied to move the anchor, and the design features of the protrusions and holes.

Sliding structures are installed using a tie-in at the end of the leaf and, thanks to this, this type allows you to install a secret magnetic bolt on the front door.

We assemble an electromagnetic simple lock with our own hands

Consider one of the options for assembling the mechanism.

To assemble an electromagnetic lock that would be opened using the remote control, you must:

• Pushbutton mortise panel.
• Power Supply.
• Electromagnetic relays. If we are going to open with a four-digit code, then we use at least 5 relays.
• The castle itself.
• Button to open the door from the inside.
• Reed switch and electromagnet.

Electromagnetic lock scheme

A keypad, such as model CBD-10V, can be purchased from the market.

Thus, with your own hands you can assemble a lock of any type. And it is important not only to build and beautifully decorate a house or garage, but also to protect it from unwanted visitors with a reliable lock.