Lighting a fire without matches. Making fire in unusual ways
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We're going camping... virtually. And, as usual, our campaign will turn out to be extremely unsuccessful. And the weather was not lucky, and the matches were forgotten at home, not to mention the fact that after the rain that had not stopped for two weeks, everything that could be set on fire was irreversibly damp. Here, having piled up a small pile similar problems, we, with our characteristic zeal, begin to overcome them. So, let's try to build a fire in wet weather. And the first thing to consider in these chilly circumstances is the obvious fact that a small fire is much easier to make and set on fire than a large one. And therefore, we boldly make a great many small fires, which will burn better and give more heat, and maybe, if we are very lucky, they will lure some plane lost in the clouds. What for? Maybe they will throw it up to the house ... As for fuel, it is best to look for it under the trunks of fallen trees. Small, dry islands usually remain there. Of which the most flammable and comfortable material is the rot of dried trees, or the dry stumps and resin of pine cones. Now everything that we have found, you need to add up to a heap, in the form of a wigwam. And at this solemn moment you discover that you forgot your matches at home. It's OK. On this occasion, you should not tear your hair, buttons and rub your cheeks abundantly watered with salty tears. It's not worth it - because there are at least three ways of making fire without matches that have been proven by folk wisdom. First and most good option- this is flint and flint. As a flint, the corresponding side of the waterproof matchbox, or a solid piece of stone. In order for a spark to ignite a flame, it is necessary to strike this spark first. Why frantically beat flint on the steel blade of a knife, or on some small steel bar. When the spark hits the tinder and the latter begins to smoke, we urgently, urgently bend over and start to blow desperately. If everything is done correctly - the fire is ready, if not - go to the beginning of the paragraph. The second way, sung by the unforgettable Cyrus Smith, lies in the sun and the lens. And he made the last one from two glasses wrist watch, filling them with water and smearing with clay, once again confirming that there are no hopeless situations. If Prometheus didn’t come out of you and you couldn’t get fire, it remains to advise you to resort to the last and most classical way cutting out the flame, namely to friction. This method is resorted to with great desperation. However, a faint hope of success should still be glimmering. This method has many varieties, we will focus on one, called "bow and gimlet". To begin with, we make a bow with a lace, rope, or belt. Then we use it to scroll a dry soft shaft in a small hole made in a dry and hard block of wood. As a result, we will get a dry powdery dust, in which a spark should appear with further friction.
7 ways to light a fire without matches
There is a primary connection between man and fire. Every man should know how to fire it up. A real man knows how to do it without matches. This is an important survival skill. You never know when you will find yourself in a situation where you will need a fire and you will not have matches or a lighter with you. Here are 7 ways you can start a fire without matches.
Making fire by friction
Making fire by friction is not a method for the faint of heart. This is perhaps the most difficult of all fire-making methods without matches. Exist various methods, which can be used to get fire by friction, but most important aspect in this though is the type of wood that is used for plank and spindle.
Spindle- a stick that you will twist to create friction between it and the plank. If you have created enough friction between the spindle and the plank, then you will have a charcoal that can be used for further ignition. Juniper, aspen, willow, cedar, cypress, walnut best materials for plank and spindle.
In order to use wood for making fire by friction, the wood must be dry. If the wood is not dry, you will need to dry it first.
hand drill
The hand drill method is the most primitive, the most basic, and the most difficult. All you need is wood, tireless hands and strong determination. Here's how it's done:
Build a tinder nest. Tinder is any material that can be ignited by a single spark. Birch bark, dry grass, wood shavings, waxed paper, fluffed cotton wool, fir cones, pine needles, crushed dry mushrooms (tinder fungi), burnt cotton fabric - an excellent tinder, as well as fine dust produced by wood borers, as well as the contents of bird nests .
Make an incision. Cut out a small indentation on the plank.
Place the bark under the cutout. The bark will be used to catch the ember that will result from the friction between the spindle and the plank.
Start spinning. Install the spindle into the recess on the plank. Your spindle needs to be about 50 centimeters long for this to work properly. Maintain pressure between the spindle and the plank and begin to rotate the stick between your palms. Keep spinning until the ember appears.
Set on fire! Once you see a glowing ember, move it to the tinder nest. Blow on it carefully to kindle a fire.
fire bow
Most effective method the extraction of fire based on friction is the use of a bow and a drill.
Onion. Make a tight bow by pulling a rope, belt or cord over a stick.
Make a small hole in dry and hard wood.
The result will be black powder like dust.
When a spark is born in this powder, it must be transferred to flammable materials prepared in advance (tinder).
Fire Bow: Getting Fire from a Branch (photo report)
This photo essay is dedicated to making fire with the firebow method, briefly discussed in the previous post. For the experience we need a knife, a rope ( perfect option- paracord) and something like Silky Pocketboy .
Go…
Multiple movements Silky Pocketboy and ...
A few more knives...
Adding paracord...
Now let's assemble this puzzle...
Making a hole...
Cut out a piece from the side of the hole ...
Let there be fire...
It's a good old fallback. Good idea, always take flint and steel with you on a hike. Matches can get wet and become almost useless, but you can still get a spark from steel and a piece of flint. Enough good option mini firesteel "FireSteeL", although I prefer the "Expedition" knife-steel knife.
If it turns out that you don’t have a set of flint and flint with you, you can always improvise with the help of quartzite and a steel blade pocket knife. You will also need a charred piece of cloth to catch the spark. If you do not have it, you can replace it with a piece of mushroom or birch.
Take the stone and the charred cloth. Take a piece of stone between the big and index fingers. Make sure the edge protrudes 5-7 centimeters. Pinch the cloth between your thumb and flint.
Strike the sparks! Take steel or the back of a knife blade. Beat steel on flint several times. Sparks from the steel will fly straight onto the fabric, causing a glow.
Light the fire. Place the smoldering cloth in the tinder and gently blow on it to start a fire.
Lens Based Methods
The easiest method of making fire without matches is based on the use of lenses.
Traditional lenses
To get fire, all you need is a kind of lens to focus Sun rays at a certain place. A magnifying glass, glasses, eye lenses or binoculars will do. If you add some water to the lens, the beam will become more intense. Tilt the lens so that the beams are focused to a small point (as small as possible). Put tinder in this place and you will soon have a fire.
The only drawback of lenses is that it only works when there is sun. Therefore, at night or cloudy weather, you will have to look for other methods.
In addition to methods using traditional lenses, there are three unusual but effective methods based on the refraction of rays.
Balloons and condoms
By filling a balloon or condom with water, you can turn these ordinary items into a lens.
Please note that condoms and Balloons smaller short focal length than conventional lenses. So keep them 1 to 2 cm away from the tinder.
fire from ice
In order to make fire out of a block of ice you need to make the ice into a lens shape and then use it in the same way as you would with any other lens. This method can be especially useful for winter camping.
Pure water. For this to work, the ice must be clear. If it is cloudy or has other impurities, the option will not work. Most The best way to get a clear block of ice to fill a cup, goblet or container made of foil, clean water from a lake, pond or melted snow. Let's turn water into ice. Your piece of ice should be about 5 centimeters thick.
Lens shape. Use the knife to form a piece of ice into the lens. Remember that the lens shape is thicker in the middle and narrower at the edges.
Polish the lens. Once you have the rough shape of the lens, finish it off by polishing it with your hands to smooth surfaces.
Set on fire. Tilt your ice lens just as you would with traditional lenses. Focus the beam of light on the tinder.
Coca Cola and Chocolate Bar
Another interesting way mining fire.
All you need is an aluminum can and chocolate.
Polish the bottom of the jar with chocolate. The chocolate acts like a polish, and by rubbing the bottom of the jar with it a little, you can get a kind of mirror. If you don't have chocolate with you, toothpaste will fit too.
Get fire. After sanding the bottom of the jar, you will have a parabolic mirror. Now they need to catch sunlight and place tinder in the place where the rays are focused.
How to light a fire without matches?
How to make a fire
The usual way. Small dry chips are folded into a small "pioneer" fire, and larger poles are laid on top of this building (in the end it looks like a cone - a standard "pioneer" fire).
modernized way. A well is formed from the logs: in pairs, two poles parallel to each other, two more on top perpendicular to the previous ones, and so on. At the bottom of the “well”, chips are kindled, and the whole structure flares up very well and quickly. For ignition, it is convenient to use pieces of birch bark, previously separated from the log.
In the rain. Even in rainy weather, you can make a fire as follows: put two small poles of the same size in the wind. On top of these logs, put the thinnest dried twigs or twigs perpendicularly and set on fire. Usually lights up with the first match.
How to start a fire without matches
In the absence of experience, it is difficult to light a fire even with large stock matches. But what if there are no matches? There are several ways with the help of improvised means. Before you try to start a fire without matches, prepare some dry flammable materials. Then shelter them from wind and moisture. Good substances there may be rot, rope or twine, dry palm leaves, wood shavings and sawdust, bird feathers, woolly villi of plants, finely chopped tree bark, gauze, cotton wool, fluff, dry moss, shreds of clothing, which, if possible, are moistened with gasoline, etc. To stock up on them for the future, put some in a waterproof bag.
Potassium permanganate and glycerin
Pour about 1 gram of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) ground into a fine powder. Then carefully drop 2-3 drops of glycerin onto it from a pipette or from a glass tube and quickly remove your hand. It will take only 2-3 seconds, and you will see how the fire breaks out.
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Spring is here, which means it's time to get outdoors. How to have fun in nature, except field kitchen and setting up a camp? We suggest you try several ways to make a fire without matches and lighters. It's exciting, and most importantly, if the result is positive, you will get invaluable experience that may someday come in handy in your life.
Every experienced hunter, fisherman, and just an avid traveler should know how to make fire without matches. This is the basis of survival in any unforeseen situation. Fire is life, and do without it in harsh field conditions extremely difficult. Matches can simply get damp, and then traditional and not quite traditional methods and ways of making fire come to the rescue. Some of the methods described below have been familiar to man since ancient times, and some are the know-how of modern times, they were invented recently and in some moments are not inferior traditional ways mining fire. Lighting a fire without matches is a painstaking and time-consuming task. You can find yourself in the wild under absolutely any conditions, and only a fire can save a person.
1. Making fire with friction
This is perhaps the most famous and affordable way receiving fire. It is long and painstaking, so you need to prepare for the fact that it will take a lot of time to get the first spark.
There are certain criteria for the success of such an event, one of which is the right choice of wood as a rod and plank. The wood should be dry, not damp. A rod is called a wooden stick, which will have to be twisted on a plank around its axis in order to make fire, creating the effect of strong friction.
The best types of wood suitable for making fire by friction are Walnut, cypress, cedar, willow, aspen, pine.
It is necessary to collect tinder in a compact pile. Do not put too much tinder on the wood substrate. Tinder itself is made from dry leaves or grass, it is a light material that must be ignited by a spark. A V-shaped hole is cut into the wooden substrate and a little tinder is placed in the recess of the hole. After that, the wooden rod is placed in the recess and the rotation of the rod begins. To rotate the rod with your hands more conveniently, you need to take a wooden stick to create a rod with a length of at least sixty centimeters. It is necessary to press the rod on the wooden substrate very carefully, while quickly rotating it between the palms.
After a spark is obtained, dry moss, juniper, aspen bark should be placed on the board.
Another interesting way to make fire without matches is the Fire Plow. To make fire using this method, a wooden substrate made of dry wood is useful, in the middle of which a recess for the rod is cut. You have to forcefully move it up and down. As soon as the tree begins to smolder, it is necessary to put tinder.
A bow drill is another versatile way to make fire without using matches. Unlike manual friction, getting a spark from a bow is faster. Since the bow maintains ideal pressure and maximum rotation speed of the wooden rod. As a result, strong friction arises, helping to get fire for short time. What will be needed for this method? This is, first of all:
- Wooden rod;
- Wooden substrate;
- Bow and weighting agent;
During friction, the weighting agent is pressed on the end of the rod, and the rod rotates with the help of a bow. In order not to break the rod, it is necessary to take a less dense and solid weighting agent.
You can use water or oil as a lubricant, so the process will go faster. Let's talk about the bow itself. You can do it yourself. The length of the bow must match the length of the arm ordinary person. It is better to choose a flexible and pliable vine, the bowstring is made of rope, shoelace. The bowstring can be made of absolutely anything, but it must be strong and not break during the making of fire. It is simply pulled over the ends of the vine branch, and the bow is ready to use. A hole is cut in the wooden substrate, the wooden rod is placed in the loop of the bowstring. One end of the rod should fit in the hole in the backing, and the other end in the string of the bow. The bow moves in a progressive motion, and through this process, fire can be quickly produced. Tinder is added to the embers, and the fire slowly but surely flares up.
2. Making fire with lenses
We all know the standard physics course at school, from which we remember that a beam passing through glass solar energy concentrated in one point. The temperature is so high at this point that it is enough just to bring a paper napkin to it and it will light up. This method of producing fire is good for everyone, but there is also a significant minus. You can get fire with a lens only in dry and sunny weather. What will be required?
- Lens of any type;
- Tinder collected from dry leaves or grass;
If you don't have a lens, regular glasses, a piece of glass, the bottom of an aluminum can, and even ice will do. By the way, you can stop in more detail about the extraction of fire with the help of ice. It would seem that these are two mutually exclusive concepts: ice and flame. But thanks to the ice, you can kindle a fire, this is especially useful in winter, when it is difficult to find dry leaves or grass. The principle of operation of such an interesting method was also described by Jules Verne. You need to create a lens from ordinary ice, but the ice should be as clean and transparent as possible.
Thanks to the coordination of the sun's rays, even paper can be set on fire. It is not always possible to find pure ice in nature, but you can freeze a simple drinking water. The resulting piece of ice is carefully processed and polished with improvised means. Ice can also be frozen in a spherical container, such as a shallow saucer. But you need to remove the ice as carefully as possible so as not to damage it. The ice melts quickly and such a lens should be used as quickly as possible.
As for simple lenses, it is enough to take just a few dry twigs, leaves, grass and build something similar to a nest. After the lens is aimed at the tinder, one must carefully monitor the appearance of smoldering and smoke, try to fan the fire.
3. Making fire with chemicals
A simple knowledge of elementary chemistry will help you make fire. Some chemical compositions ignite when rubbed or mixed. But when using this method, individual care must be taken so as not to harm yourself. It is important to avoid physical contact chemical with a metal surface. The following compounds contribute to inflammation:
- Potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) and regular sugar in a ratio of nine (sugar) to one (potassium permanganate);
- Potassium chlorate and sugar (proportions three to one);
- Potassium permanganate and glycerin;
- Sodium chlorate and sugar (proportion three to one);
- Potassium permanganate and any antifreeze;
Now the question is: where can I get these chemical elements? Potassium chloride is part of some preparations against throat diseases (Furacillin). And potassium permanganate and glycerin can be found in the first aid kit. The most elementary example: we take a small piece of cotton wool, pour potassium permanganate, then sugar and begin to rub such a kind of tinder with a stick.
After a couple of minutes, the cotton wool will ignite. Common Mistake inexperienced people is that they do not follow the correct dosage of ingredients.
4. Getting fire with a flint, flint or flint
Another way, rooted in a long history: making fire with a flint and flint. The flint and steel were especially popular in the eighteenth century before the invention of ordinary matches. To strike a spark and build a fire, it is enough to have a stone made of silicon. A couple of blows are enough and you can bring tinder from leaves or dry grass to start a fire. The flint and steel were often used in field conditions or in war. And also, many wear it in theirs. The armchair must be metal.
If you're lucky, you can strike sparks for the future fire using silicon. Flint made up of hard rock minerals can be easily found among the stones. By the way, flint flint was used in ancient firearms.
5. Condom
After we have considered the traditional and quite habitual ways making fire without matches, you can pay attention to alternative methods of making a flame. Let's talk about the most interesting of them. A condom is not only a means of protection, but also an excellent tool for making fire without matches. It must be filled with water, the main thing is not to overdo it.
The result is a kind of lens. Light from the sun passing through the condom is focused on the pre-cooked tinder on the wooden substrate. As a result, the tinder begins to slowly smolder, it remains only to fan the flame of fire. This is such an interesting and creative way.
6. Flashlight
You can make fire with ordinary flashlight unless, of course, you feel sorry for him. The flashlight will have to be broken. Breaks gently electrical part light bulbs on the lantern (we need to expose the electric arc itself).
We quickly place a little tinder, bring a bare arc and set fire to the tinder.
7. Skating
Not by washing, so by skating! AT this case you will need ordinary cotton wool. This old prison know-how is that a kind of roller is formed from a simple piece of cotton wool.
The roller begins to roll over the surface of the wood. After a while, the cotton wool begins to smolder, the cotton wool increases in size, being saturated with oxygen. Oxygen itself is a catalyst for the combustion reaction.
8. A can of Coca-Cola and a bar of chocolate.
How can these delicacies help in making fire, you ask? Everything is very simple. The components of success are a sunny day, chocolate and a soda can (tin). Open the chocolate and start rubbing the bottom with it tin can. Of course, it’s a pity for chocolate, but what you don’t have to sacrifice for the sake of producing fire!
Such cunning polishing will make the tin bottom shiny and shining. After polishing, the Coca-Cola can turned into a kind of parabolic mirror. We turn the polished bottom towards the sun and try to set fire to the previously prepared tinder.
8. Wool and batteries
Wool and ordinary batteries can also come in handy for the difficult task of making fire without matches.
We simply stretch the woolen fabric (it is desirable that the wool be natural) and begin to quickly rub a piece of wool with a battery. The optimal battery power suitable for such actions is approximately 9 watts. Wool, after long efforts, slowly begins to ignite, it remains to lightly blow on it and put tinder so that the fire starts faster.
10. Firearms
You can get a saving fire, if you have one. firearms. It’s just that a shot is removed from the cartridge itself, the sleeve can be stuffed with tinder in the form of dry moss, leaves, folded dry bark and a blank shot is fired at the place where it is planned to make a fire. The rest is just a matter of technique, it is necessary to fan the fire and throw dry branches into it.
A rather exotic at first glance method, but still very effective in emergency situations.
As you can see, there are many ways to start a fire if there are no matches. It is important to know some elementary rules, folk tricks and tips that can keep you warm in the forest or even save your life if you suddenly get lost. The experience accumulated over the centuries allows you to get a saving fire from almost any improvised materials. This does not require special skills, it is important to apply maximum amount efforts to make fire. Fire is life. And a cheerful, crackling fire will warm you in any situation and in any weather.
You will need:
The oldest and hard way- production of fire by friction. Exist various techniques this process, but the most important thing is to choose the right type of wood for the plank and rod. For this role, poplar, juniper, aspen, cedar, willow or walnut will fit. Of course, for effective ignition, we need dry wood.
The rod is placed in a small hollowed out recess in the plank and clamped between the palms. You need to quickly twist the stick around the axis, creating friction. In this case, the tree will begin to smolder, a spark will appear, and the resulting coals are already being used to further kindle the fire.
hand drill
Another primitive and rather heavy method.
In addition to a stick and a plank, we need tinder. Collect dry leaves, grass, bark in a pile, build something like a bird's nest - this material will help us get fire from coals.
In the plank, you need to cut a v-shaped hole, and next to make a small recess, under which to place pieces of bark.
Mark a rod about 60 cm long in the recess and begin to rotate it between your hands until signs of smoldering appear in the hole. Carefully fan the fire to red coals, then transfer them to the tinder and, adding dry twigs, cones, try to kindle a full-fledged flame.
Let's say right away: the two options described above are a long, laborious process that requires great patience. But it may happen that you have nothing else at hand. In this case, the forest and this knowledge will help out.
The method is similar to the previous one, but much more efficient and simpler. If you do everything right, then you will very quickly reach the required speed and pressure, allowing you to get the coveted coals and make a fire even in a wet forest.
Your task is to make a bow drill. To do this, prepare planks, a rod, a deck and a bow. Now about everything in order. 
Look for a deck or stone that we will need to put pressure on the rod. The tree must be of harder wood than the core.
For the bow, use a strong and resilient vine, about the length of your arm. As a bowstring, a rope, lace, leather belt and other durable tear-resistant material. Pull the string over the rod.
Next, prepare the board for ignition. Make a funnel and place tinder under it. Then pull the string over the rod so that you end up with a loop. Place one end of it into the cavity on the board, and press the other end with a block.
Now, actually, the process itself, which will help us make fire. Move the bow back and forth as if you were sawing. Rotate the rod quickly until embers appear. Dump the embers onto the tinder and blow gently.
Going on another trip, take a flint and flint with you. If you do not have such a device, make it yourself - quartzite and a knife with a steel blade will be enough! 
Also look for charcoal. Its main purpose is smoldering when a spark hits. But for this purpose, any fabric and even moss that can smolder for a long time without fire will do.
How to use the flint? Hold the flint between your fingers so that its tip protrudes 6-8 cm forward. Hold the ignition material between the flint and your thumb. Now take a knife and hit the stone with it a couple of times. As a result of your actions, sparks will fall on coal or fabric and begin to smolder. Put them in a tinder nest and blow. Then you can safely build your fire.
jar and chocolate
Everything is extremely simple here. Run a bar of chocolate along the bottom of an aluminum can of drinks or canned goods. Then wipe the bottom with a regular cloth. Chocolate - ideal remedy for polishing and your jar will shine like glass. You can use toothpaste instead of chocolate.
Once you've completely polished the bottom of the jar, the sun's rays can bounce off it and create a focal point.
This principle is similar to the operation of a telescope. Again, turn the surface towards the sun and direct them to the made tinder, located 3-4 cm from the focal point. Soon there will be a flame.
True, the downside is that an aluminum can is not always at hand. And we certainly eat a bar of chocolate before the fire appears!
This is the easiest way to get fire, but it will only work in sunny weather. Many of you must have melted the soldiers or set fire to the newspaper with it in your childhood. Now, using a lens, magnifying glass, magnifying glass, glasses or binoculars, let's try to make a fire.
Moisten the surface with water to speed up the process.
Place the lens at the angle of sunlight, focusing the beam at one point. Put the tinder in this place and wait just a few minutes. 
As we have already understood, the easiest way to make fire is with a lens. Unfortunately, it may not always be at hand, but a condom may well be lying around in the inside pocket of a real man. The same method can be taught to a child by using a balloon.
Fill the condom with water so that it fits easily in your hand and is shaped like a sphere. Do not forget to tie the product tightly. 
Then squeeze the ball in such a way that a direct beam of light passes through it. As a result, you will get two lenses of small diameter. Focal length will be less than real lenses, so you need to keep them at a distance of 5-7 cm from dry objects that should catch fire.
With the help of ice
Water and fire seem to be two completely opposite elements. However, it is quite possible to make a fire from a piece of ice. This method is especially relevant in winter weather.
It is advisable to use clean water to keep the ice clear. If it contains motes, then you simply will not succeed.
An icicle or a piece will do pure ice from the river. You can also draw water from a reservoir or pre-melt snow in your hands. 
Let the liquid freeze in a container. The size of the resulting ice should be about 5 cm. Then cut out the lens in the center of the ice, polish and shape it. Point the lens at sunlight and wait for the result.
- For the first method, you will need a piece of foil - from chewing gum, chocolate, a pack of cigarettes, etc. Cut a short and narrow strip - about 1-1.5 cm - from the foil. Then give it a crescent shape so that the wide ends are only at the edges of the tape.
The lower the battery power, the narrower the strip should be!
In the battery next to the pressing point, scrape a little of the surface down to the adhesive layer and fix one end of the foil on it. Place your hands over the tinder and press the other end of the strip against the contact - the paper will ignite instantly.
- Another method will require a piece of animal hair. Form a strip of it 1 cm wide and about 15 cm long and rub it with a battery on the side where the contacts are. Ignition will occur quickly, so prepare tinder and wood for the fire in advance.
Spoon and toilet paper
For sure, any tourist will find these items, namely: a spoon, a bowler hat and toilet paper.
Twist the paper into a tight bundle 3-4 mm thick and roll it between your palms to make something similar to a cigarette. Then coat one tip with soot from the pot.
Now let's move on to the spoon. It needs to be bent a little inward towards the handle, and the bed should be flattened a little so that your reflection inside does not have strong distortions.
Catch a beam of light with a spoon and place the paper directly above it from the side of the soot. After a few seconds, the tourniquet will begin to smoke. Wait until intense smoldering begins and start building a fire.
In the conditions of a hike, extreme tourism, or in difficult life situations, there is often a need for a fire. But how to make a fire without a lighter and matches - here you will need special skills, plus improvised means that are sure to be found.
Putting together a variety of ways to make fire without resorting to matches and a lighter so that they are suitable for any difficult situation, regardless of season and weather, is the goal of this article.
Magnifying glass plus cotton wool
This method of making fire without a lighter and matches will help out on a sunny day, even when the day before everything was mercilessly wet in the rain, and regardless of the season. The main condition is a shining sun without clouds at the moment.
- Cotton wool can be found in the first aid kit, but it can be replaced with a paper napkin, a lump toilet paper or a bunch of dry grass or a piece of birch bark, if any - that is, everything that is useful as tinder.
- A lens of a convex type with a thickened middle is brought to a flammable medium and the sun's beam is focused as close as possible in one point beam.
- Soon - and this depends on the collecting properties of the convex glass - the agent placed under the lens will light up, in the case of grass and birch bark - it will smoke, so the flame will have to be fanned.
If you have a tablet candle or dry alcohol with you, it is better to kindle a flame under them so that they turn into a stable source of fire, from which a fire will subsequently be lit.
Used flint lighter plus cotton or paper
It does not matter if the silicon lighter runs out of gas at the most critical moment - the flame can still be obtained from it.
- You need to stock up on the same cotton, napkin or piece of toilet paper, placing them on something longer burning, for example, on the same pill candle, on a lump of dry grass or old dried moss.
- First you need to remove the top metal cap, and, bringing the lighter close, strike it - sparks will fall on the tinder and cause ignition.
Therefore, do not rush to throw away a lighter devoid of gas - it can still help out by causing a fire without matches.
Working battery plus foil paper
Surely there will be a wrapping paper that has a foil coating on one side, like inside a cigarette pack or on a chewing gum wrapper. It remains to find a working cylindrical battery - and fire without a lighter and matches is provided.
- A thin long strip is cut off from a piece of paper foil, capable of reaching from one pole to another, but with a margin.
- If only a short piece is available, it’s not scary, it’s enough to step back from the negative pole, which is a flat area, clean the insulating layer on the cylinder with a knife - this will already be a positive pole, and their closure will give a discharge.
- You will have to experiment with the thickness of the foil, as it either burns out instantly or warms up slowly.
- It makes sense to make the jumper itself a couple of mm thinner than the ends of the tape.
It is enough to put the sagging middle on a flammable agent - and the flame without matches is ready!
Evenly concave spoon or ladle plus cotton or paper roll
How larger diameter object and the depth of the concave bottom, the faster the fire will appear in the sun without the need for matches or a lighter. A tablespoon can be trimmed so that the concavity is approximately the same on all sides - this is necessary for the maximum concentration of the sun's ray beam at one point.
- A couple of napkins or a piece of toilet paper should be rolled into a tight roller the size of a pencil.
- One end of the roller is evenly cut off and smeared with soot, you can use ash - it will be like a wick.
- Now it remains to direct the concave bottom towards the sun, bring it close to the point where the beam of rays is reflected, and wait for the haze to appear.
Then you have to blow up a homemade wick and bring it to the tinder, so that in the absence of matches, make a fire.
Water-filled condom plus coals
This trick to make fire without matches and a lighter has the same principle of a focusing lens, concentrating the rays of the sun at a single point.
- First, fill the straightened condom with a portion of water.
- Then the tip is pulled down and clamped between the knees.
- Now you need to pour as much water as possible into the product so that the home-made “lens” is larger in diameter - so the flame will arise faster.
- The water collected at the bottom in the form of a round flask must be fixed by tying a condom on top of the knot.
- Then they put a bunch of coals and send a beam of sunlight to one of them, waiting for a light smoke.
- They take a heated coal, inflate it red-hot and, pressing another one against it, continue to blow.
Now the red-hot coals are returned to the pile and, still inflating, put tinder - soon the long-awaited flames will appear.
Can with concave bottom plus tinder
Household aerosols in cans have a uniformly concave bottom, which plays the same role as a lens collecting the sun's rays. A beer can with a similar bottom will also come in handy.
- First, a wick is constructed on a stem by winding a piece of cotton wool onto a stick or wrapping it in a lump of dry twisted reed.
- It remains to bring the wick to the point where the light beam has gathered, and wait for the first haze to appear.
block of ice plus wick
On a sunny frosty day, if there are no matches and a lighter at hand, and the need for fire arises, you can look for a block of glass-like ice - and the flame, after some effort, is provided.
- The block is cleared of snow and roughness, first with a knife or an ax, and then polished by hand.
- The main thing is to achieve the shape of the meniscus, when one of the surfaces is convex, the second can be left flat.
- Now the sun's concentrated spot is sent to the wick until the smoke comes out.
It remains to set fire to the tinder with a red-hot wick and make a fire.
Friction force for making fire
Flame has long been mined by friction, so it is not a sin to use ancient knowledge in an extreme situation.
- Rubbing a stick against a wooden block, if a hole of a similar size is made in the block, will result in smoke, even when everything around is damp from rain.
- If a thin layer pour cotton wool with soot or chalk, and then roll it into a tight roller, then, quickly rolling it between two planks, it will ignite inside.
- If with a flexible wire or a guitar string, attaching handles at the ends of the sticks, wrap around the trunk of a log and, placing a wick, begin to rub quickly, then the wick will soon ignite.
In principle, any friction between two hard surfaces will lead to extreme heat.
What can act as tinder and wick
Dry paper for lighting a fire is not always available, but a fire is needed. The following means can serve as a wick and tinder:
- cotton wool and cotton wool insulation;
- rags;
- handkerchief;
- cotton pads and swabs;
- toilet paper and napkins;
- small chips and wood shavings;
- old reeds, reeds and cattails;
- rocking chairs of old cattail;
- birch bark;
- hay and straw;
- old dry moss.
The main thing is not to get lost and look around, you will definitely find something suitable for lighting a fire.