An electric planer is an essential tool for anyone who deals with woodworking, and during construction or renovation it can become a an indispensable assistant. In everyday life home handyman, as a rule, a traditional hand plane is sufficient, but in a private yard or summer cottage There is plenty of work with wood. Baths, outbuildings, fences, benches and other furniture - the list goes on and on.

An electric planer will save the master a lot of time and effort and will allow him to achieve good results. Using an electric planer, workpieces are brought to the required dimensions, surfaces are leveled, nicks, burrs and knots are removed, edges are cut, and grooves are selected. A plane, of course, is not capable of “fine” processing of surfaces to perfect smoothness; for this you will need additional tools. But with its main task - rough processing of wood in large volumes - the electric planer, if the operating rules are followed, copes “excellently”.

As when choosing any power tool, when choosing an electric planer, a master should start from the main tasks in which the tool will be most often involved. An important role is played by the power of the tool, which is directly related to its performance. A plane of greater power plans “deeper”, that is, it can remove a thicker layer of wood in one pass. Manual electric planers are produced with a power ranging from 0.5 to 2.2 kW. Above one and a half kilowatts is, in fact, a professional tool for large-scale work. If you plan to use the plane frequently and in large volumes, it makes sense to take a closer look at more powerful models. But, as always, the rule applies: the more powerful the tool, the more it weighs and the higher its price. It will be convenient to work with a low-power plane while suspended. Medium power models weigh between 2.5-4 kg.

Another indicator is the rotation frequency of the drum, that is, the number of revolutions it makes per unit of time. This value is very important to consider when choosing a plane, says the user wind1wind: the higher the speed, the better the quality of the cut. The best option, which you should focus on when choosing – 15000-16000 rpm.

wind1wind:

– The plane does not make a completely flat surface, but a “wave” with very fine steps. To make this waviness invisible, the number of shaft revolutions and the number of knives on the shaft are increased. These two parameters are very important when choosing.

Width planing depends on width cutting edge knives. The most popular knife sizes for household electric planers are 82, 102 and 110 mm. The higher the planing width, the fewer passes will need to be made to completely process the surface.

To simply process the board until smooth surface, a plane with knives narrower than the board is enough. But if the width of the knife does not cover the width of the material being processed, it is ideal flat surface it won’t work out - at least a minimal “step”, but it will remain.

Depth cut is essentially the thickness of the layer of wood removed by a plane in one pass. In household planes it usually does not exceed 2 mm, in more powerful ones - 4 mm. Most models have depth adjustment.

Electric planers use removable knives made of hard alloys and hardened steel. Most of them, even carbide ones, can be sharpened and sharpened, but narrow knives cannot be sharpened: their design does not imply sharpening. Some models of planes are supplied with a sharpening device. You can make it yourself.

Olegych:

– To straighten knives you need thicker glass and a couple of sheets of good quality sandpaper. We soak the paper in water, place it on the glass - and off we go! But this is exclusively for straightening, knives “stuck” on nails and bricks - only for use on the machine.

Sole The plane in contact with the surface being treated must be level and smooth. U modern models planes have barely noticeable grooves on its surface - grooves that prevent the formation of " air cushion» between the sole and the material, thus ensuring uniform cutting. The grooves on the front of the sole are designed for chamfering the corners of parts. When choosing a plane, you should pay attention to the quality of the surface of the sole. close attention, especially when it comes to inexpensive models.

– A defect that occurs in non-brand planes is the so-called “drunk sole”. We check this way: set the removal adjustment to zero, move the knife to the upper position. We apply a ruler along the length of the plane, alternately on both sides, so that it lies on both platforms at once. There should be no gaps between the ruler and the sole.

When choosing an electric planer, it is important to hold the tool in your hands, to understand whether the tool’s handles, start and adjustment buttons are conveniently located for you, and whether its weight suits you. Modern electric planers have many additional options and parameters that facilitate and improve the work process. But all of them, of course, increase the cost of the instrument. Among the most popular options are directional ejection of chips with the ability to connect a bag for collecting them or a vacuum cleaner, the “ soft start"and speed adjustment. Here everything depends on the requests of the master and his financial capabilities.

A useful accessory is a universal ruler that allows you to evenly process a surface wider than the planing width of the plane in one pass, as well as planing at an angle of 90 degrees to the supporting surface. Often such rulers are included with the plane, but if not, it makes sense to purchase it separately.

The basic work performed by an electric planer is easy for a beginner to master, and if you follow simple rules, then the tool will serve for a long time and efficiently. Planing should begin only after the drum of the turned-on plane has reached full speed. And you shouldn’t immediately set the maximum planing depth: it’s better to remove a millimeter twice than to try to remove two millimeters at a time. There is no need to put any force on the tool: it should only be guided, and the plane should plan itself, “like clockwork.” And for this, the knives must be sharp.

It is not so easy for craftsmen starting to work with an electric planer to determine when sharpening or replacing the knife is necessary. Forum member Nomad advises using visual methods. If the knives are sharp, the surface will be smooth. If they are dull, rags of wood form on it, since the knives no longer cut, but tear it. Another sign of dull knives is brown high temperature wood, especially in the area of ​​knots.

Aleksej2000:

– Even with dull knives, the plane begins to vibrate on the knots, as if bouncing up and down: the knife does not cut and is pushed away from the dense material. The best thing is to install new knives and try how they handle. And then the feeling of sharp knives will be familiar. And with the same sharp knives, try to walk along a knot to see the difference.

A common problem that novice craftsmen face is the displacement of the material being processed under the plane. Although a plane is one of the safest tools, there is still a risk of injury when holding wood with your hand. The problem can be solved by making a simple board clamp and limiting the lateral displacement of the plane - as a forum user advises wind1wind:

– Along the width of the sole of the plane on the workbench, attach two blocks no less long than the boards being processed. The sole of the plane should pass between them with a minimum gap, but without difficulty. A piece of slats is attached to one end, against which the board will rest. Additionally, the board between the blocks can be fixed with a wooden wedge.

For this design to work as it should, the end stop made of slats and wedges should be slightly thinner than the board being planed, a forum member advises. The blocks should, on the contrary, be thicker than the board being processed by about 1/2-2/3 of the thickness of the plane sole. Then they will prevent the lateral movement of the plane during operation. On the other hand, the plane will not touch the blocks with protruding parts of its structure (belt casing, engine).

Members of the forum discuss the features of choosing electric planers, the advantages and disadvantages of specific models in. you can read the recommendations and get advice about proper operation electric planer. Members of the forum exchange experience in replacing, sharpening and straightening knives for planes. About the repair of planes, milling cutters and circular saws look for information. This video explains the basics of working with an electric planer.

Planing with an electric planer is a fairly easy process if you have at least some minimal knowledge. But things are different if you need to process very wide board.

After all, not everyone can do this efficiently, but it is necessary that the layer is removed evenly from the surface of the board, and no processing boundaries are visible.

Instructions for planing with an electric planer

Before processing a wide board with an electric planer, first experiment on a piece that you do not need.

Note that the electric planer can operate in two modes: stationary and manual.
If you use the stationary mode, the board is passed through the knives of an electric planer.

Manual mode requires special settings for the electric planer. First you need to adjust the cutting depth of the knives. Usually they set it to 0.1-0.4 cm. The shallower the planing depth, the better the processing of the material will be, and you will practically not notice the boundaries between passes. If it is necessary to perform deep planing of a board, then first set the maximum cutting depth of the knives, make the first pass, and then the knives are reconfigured for better planing.

When you work with an electric planer a couple of times, you will learn to correctly select the depth of cut, and the work process will noticeably speed up.

We process wood: what do you need to know?

Before processing lumber, you need to determine the direction in which you will plan. Usually planed in the direction of the wood grain. If the lumber is made from several boards, then you need to plan it diagonally.

To prevent the edge of the board from becoming uneven, you need to use a corner stop, which is attached to the base of the electric planer on the side and perpendicular to its axis.

When you have finished planing the wide board, you will need to align the boundaries between the passes. This stage is called scraping. For this, a special grinder is used, which will remove all roughness.

How does the Electric Planer work?

An electric planer is quite popular in carpentry a tool used for leveling, planing and smoothing wood surfaces. For these tasks, an electric plane will be useful to you in a separate private house, in a country house, and in an apartment. After all, without this the right tool Even installing an ordinary bench won’t cost you.

The structure of the electric planer consists of a shaft that rotates and several legs attached to it. The plane shaft is driven by electric motor. The main working material for a plane is wood, and this is a rather heterogeneous surface. And to achieve smoothness, the motor that rotates the inner drum must be powerful enough, namely, at least 1000 rpm. The higher the power of the electric planer, the higher its productivity and the lower the possibility of overloading it during operation.

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Self-disclosure of the electric bank

Index: [hide]

• components
• Operating principle

A hand-held electric hook is a tool used to cut wood in the woodworking process.

Disassemble the device manually with instructions.

Electrical device diagram.

components

The power supply of the electric gun allows connection to the network AC, frequency 50 Hz and voltage 220 V. The safety of craftsmen working with tools is ensured by a double layer of insulation. Therefore, a safety mechanism and grounding are not needed.

Construction details:

• single-phase motor assembly;
• flat blade knives;
• one-time transfer;
• body;
• A mechanism that controls the depth of planning;
• advanced mobile support;
• pen;
• conductive cable with plug.

Main parts of an electric gun.

The motor housing must be attached to the equipment body.

How to properly plan a wide board

Double insulation is achieved by insulating the motor armature shaft and using plastics to make the sheath. The engine is cooled by a fan, which draws air through slots on the housing cover. Air passes through the engine and is exhausted through the holes in the intermediate screen.

A cutter with two straight knives is the cutting element of the structure.

The knives are tightened tightly. The cutter rotates with a belt drive from an electric motor in two bearings, which are compressed in the cover and body of the structure.

The drive belt parts are driven and driven by pulleys which are connected by an endless belt 15mm wide and 2mm thick.

Rotate the additional knob to set the scanning depth from 0 to 2 mm.

The mobile media will move along the guides of the device body. The handles and electric motor are installed on a common panel.

It moves by adjusting screws that provide tension to drive the drive belt. The belt should not exceed 2-4 mm.

The main lever is equipped with a device that blocks radio interference and the latch switch.

Operating principle

Working position when working with electric shock.

The main element of an electric gun is a rotating drum on which flat knives are attached.

An electric motor with a power of at least 580-900 W with a speed of 1000 rpm must be selected for the equipment. because the texture of the treated wood may be uneven, and the surface of the structural parts must be smooth.

The rotational motion from the engine is transmitted to the milling cutter via a toothed belt. The equipment shell is made of cast aluminum. It is divided into two parts, before and after the incisors. The front part is height adjustable, allowing you to set the required chip thickness and movement on the raw wood surface.

The rear part is fixed and moves along the planned surface.

Rotating drum large number models are open on one side. Select a quarter width that will accommodate a side stopper on most models. The device can be additionally equipped with a protective cover on the side surface, which can be removed by removing the quarter.

Experts advise dismantling the electric plane using keys and a screwdriver.

On wedge blocks, the pulleys, casing and pulleys will be removed. As you remove the housing, remove the nuts, unscrew the screws, and separate the plastic motor housing halves.

The next stage of disassembly involves disconnecting the wires and removing the capacitor and switch. Then remove the cover from the motor, brush holders, brush and rear shield.

The anchor is removed from which the ball bearing and fan are removed.

The cutter is removed and the covers are removed. The cutter is dismantled and the knives are removed. The next step involves removing the front support and dismantling the mechanism that regulates the gliding depth.

How to choose an electric hook

How to use the electric plane

If you operate an electric welder correctly, make sure you use a high-quality surface and do not allow the tool to damage you. So, in this article we analyze the question of how to use the electric plane correctly.

Made knives and their installation

To ensure the machined surface is smooth and clean, you need to use electric planers with a good sharp blade and disassemble correctly, and you want to set the correct planning depth and move the planer correctly onto the surface.

Usage electric cutter with soldered knives is foolish because, firstly, the surface is rough and imprecise, and secondly, the motor scheduler in this case represents an excessive load that can lead to early wear.

The knives may be sharper or simply discarded after drowning, and new ones are installed instead, this applies to thin knives, which are now used in most modern electric pistols. Unloaded and many sharp knives have two sharp sides, which cut the knife on one side and work on the other side. Of course, single-sided knives cannot be rotated.

More sharp knives It was best to trust specialists in special workshops, which, as a rule, are rich in cities, since special equipment is required.

However, the artisans who sharpen the knives themselves use households harshly - the most important thing here is that my eyes do not see small blows and hands, so such violations will not be unnecessary. But it's even better to subscribe to special work, because the process is cheap.

Now about installing the knives.

Using an electric plane with inadequately open blades can be hazardous to health and cause unpleasant results on the treated surface. Knives on different planes can be installed differently. How best to replace it in the instructions. The knife, once installed, should be supported evenly on the outside of the drum without distortion. The degree to which the knife is pulled out of the drum can be determined with a ruler.

After adjusting the blades, we set the planning depth to the plane and then apply the ruler to the knife with back side so that it is parallel to the front sole of the plane.

Now you can measure the distance between the front sole and the first straight edge with the second straight edge. This must match the displayed planning depth.

After installing the blades, make sure they do not touch the body of the plane and rotate the drum by hand. And all work, of course, must be done with the plug being pushed out of the network.

Surface treatment

When planning you should follow a few simple rules that will achieve the best results.

The worker who is to be processed must be securely secured so that he does not get lost during the operation.

If you are going to use electric planers on large, heavy brackets or plates, the key here is that they were on a fairly flat surface and because they don't need to be repaired because they are so intricate and won't slip away.

Before a plane can be applied to the workpiece, it must first be turned on and allowed to rotate completely in the air, and then the chips must be removed.

The guide plane on the surface is desirable without movement and stops at a speed of 1.5-2 m/min. If you work at this speed, then it is guaranteed best quality processing.

The depth of adjustment depends on the rough surface. This happens because the grill or stove is burning on saw blades so that the surface turns out to be waves. Such surfaces are best suited for maximum rotation depth and then machined at a lower level.

This may require more than one pass, but more.

Use an electric plane so that the pressure during gliding is applied evenly across the entire sole. However, when you have just laid down the machined surface flat, you need to lightly press down on the front. And when it comes to the end, you need to press hard on the last part. This will prevent edges from forming along the edges of the panel or blocking blocks. The clamping force can only be determined by experience.

Sometimes there are differences between planned adjacent passages.

To prevent them from occurring and to repair them if they do occur, some experience can be gained. If such differences occur, they can be removed so that they intersect the plane with a minimum planning depth. At the same time, it should be operated in such a way that the tool is not subjected to strong pressure.

If your aircraft supports the quarterly delete feature and you decide to use it, follow these steps.

First, you must install the included side panel. This is done according to the instructions, with various models, which can be fixed in their own way. Then make sure that the side of the panel where you remove the quarter is straight and has no differences. If it is uneven, the lateral support that runs next to it will repeat the irregularity and the quarter will be mistakenly removed.

As you work to remove the quarter, be sure to press flat, top or side.

Sometimes when we forget to compress the plane laterally, it moves towards the edge and the quarter moves away unevenly again.

Video “Quarter Quarter” (2:01)

How to Use the Electric Plane Safely

If you need to use an electric plane, please follow certain rules safety to protect your body from harm.

Of course, before starting work you must make sure that the insulation is at electric gun to be worn is in good condition. If there are holes or cracks in the wire, the wire must be replaced.

Do not use an electrical plane with damaged wires.

In addition, as mentioned above, the electric plane must be unplugged, otherwise it may be left fingerless or damaged electric shock in case of unintentional start.

Moreover, it was mentioned that electric gun must be turned on before the soleplate comes into contact with the workpiece.

And only after achieving full speed bring it to wooden surface. Even after releasing the switch on the plane, you must wait until the cutter drum comes to a complete stop before inserting it.

If it is plugged in but has been left without a working electrical plane for some time, it should be placed on its side so that if it is inadvertently turned on, it cannot move anywhere.

These are the characteristics of using the electric plane.

We hope you found this article helpful.

Video “How to work as a director” (6:20)

Based on materials from the site: http://instrument-tehnika.ru

How to level a plate using an electric gun.

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Today the boards had to be aligned so that they fit together. At the beginning and end of the panel it was very difficult, they got grooves.

How to use an electric plane?

How to do it right?
alex78sol

October 15, 2016
at 19:23 If the aircraft has the ability to mount to a workbench, it is better to rotate it and repair and direct it.

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Many beginners are interested in the question of how to work with an electric planer. At first glance, there is nothing complicated: plug it into a power outlet, press a button, move it back and forth across the surface, removing chips. However, during the first attempts, the result is not always impressive.

When purchasing a tool, you need to check its functionality, completeness and appearance. It is worth paying attention to the sharpening quality of the installed knives. If the kit contains spare knives, you need to check them too. The cutting edge should be smooth, sharp, without gouges or bends. All other settings should be checked at home in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

Checking and adjusting the position of the front plate

All adjustments to the tool must be made in the off state. The plug must be unplugged from the socket, otherwise you can not only damage the electric planer, but also cause serious injury.

When checking the position of the knives, the front plate must be set to the minimum planing depth position using the standard adjustment knob. Place the electric planer on a level surface hard surface drum up.

You can use a metal ruler or piece to check. window glass suitable sizes. The drum with knives should be rotated until one of the knives is in the upper position, above the drum axis. The ruler or glass must be laid on the slabs along the plane. The surfaces must be in the same plane.

If the control device on any of the plates is tilted, you need to check the position of the front plate and adjust it. Such a defect occurs during long-term use of the tool without maintenance. The internal cavities can become clogged with wood dust and small shavings. Excessive force on the depth adjustment handle displaces it from its original position.

To eliminate the defect, you need to remove the handle, the front plate, clean the cavities from dust and chips, and lubricate them. Place the plate in place, check the installation using a ruler, secure the handle, checking that the dial matches the index mark.

Adjusting the position of the cutting edge

Adjustment of the position of the knives is carried out according to two parameters:

• height of the cutting edge relative to the back plate;
• the size of the protruding part of the knife for planing quarters.

Having installed the ruler or glass, you need to rotate the drum, controlling the gap between the knife and the device at the edges of the slabs. The edge of the knife should lightly touch the tool without lifting it. If the knife clings to the device or does not reach it, the position must be adjusted.

Typically, knives are secured with a special wedge with expansion bolts. Using an 8 or 10 wrench, you need to screw the bolts into a wedge until the bolt moves freely. Then, using the installed eccentrics, align the height of the cutting edge with the device. Tighten (unscrew) the mounting bolts and check the position again. The desired result can be achieved after several repetitions of this operation.

At the same time as adjusting the height of the cutting edge, you need to control the protruding part of the quarter planing knife. Optimal size must be specified in the manufacturer's instructions. On most models it is 1 mm. The size is set by moving the knife left or right along the axis of the drum. It is important to set the size correctly. It should be the same on all knives. This can be achieved by using a feeler gauge of a certain size or by measuring the distance with a caliper (a caliper with a protruding back) from the edge of the knife to the drum. After adjusting the first knife, you need to move on to the next ones. The operation for all knives is performed similarly. If a knife cannot be installed in the required position, you need to remove the wedge and check the eccentrics for integrity and free rotation.

The adjustment must be completed by checking the free rotation of the drum and the fastening of all knives.

Preparing for work

The tool can be used in two positions:

• stationary position: the electric planer is attached to a rigid, stable surface;
• portable: the tool is moved manually along the workpiece.

Many models are available in stock special clamps and a bracket for the start button. In a stationary position, it is more convenient to process short-length lumber, which can be moved along the tool alone. Long workpieces It is advisable to process it with a portable electric planer.

The wood must be dried; raw lumber is poorly processed. The board must be firmly secured to a hard surface. The part should not sag under the weight of the plane and shift during operation in any direction. When processing side surfaces on a workbench, it is advisable to install them on special fastenings that protect them from bending and movement. There should be no metal elements(brackets, nails, screws) on the treated surface and fastening elements. Hitting the metal will leave a gouge in the blades, and a protrusion will form on the surface being treated. The knives will have to be sharpened, removing a thick layer of metal, or replaced.

Surface treatment

An electric planer can perform three operations:

• chamfer at different angles;
• select quarters on blanks;
• plan surfaces.

The main purpose of the tool is to plan surfaces of various lengths and widths.

When working, the plane must be placed on the surface of the workpiece with the front plate so that the knives do not touch the surface. Press the start button, after picking up speed (the sound stops changing pitch) begin moving the plane along the surface. The tool must be held strictly parallel to the surface being processed, the movement must be uniform, without jerking or stopping. When starting to move, you need to increase the pressure on the front part, and when exiting the surface to the rear part. The plane should work smoothly, without vibration. If strong vibration occurs or the sound changes during operation, you need to turn off the tool, determine and eliminate the cause of the abnormal operation.

The depth of the passage must be set depending on the processing purposes. If you need to change the size of the workpiece, you can use maximum size. When leveling the surface, it is advisable to work with a small working depth, reaching required quality in several passes.

Also, the depth of processing depends on the material. Hard rocks should be passed several times with shallow depth so as not to overload the tool.

Additional tool features

To remove chamfers, you need to use a special triangular groove cut out on the front plate of the plane.

The tool should be positioned with the groove at the angle to be processed, launched and moved along the part while maintaining the tilt. The first pass is made along the slot; subsequent passes, if necessary, are carried out in the usual manner.

To make quarters on a plane, you need to install an additional stop to limit movement away from the direction of movement. The second stop, limiting the depth of the quarter, is located on the side surface. The stops must be set to the required dimensions. The distance should be measured from the angle of the cutting edge of the knife in the upper position. The quarter selection is performed in several passes. If the vertical surface of the quarter turns out to be steps, it is necessary to increase the protrusion of the knives beyond lateral surface planer

A wide surface of lumber can be processed in several passes. Processing should begin from the left edge, setting the adjustment to the minimum depth. The next pass should be performed offset to the right by about a third of the length of the knives. In this way you need to go across the entire width of the workpiece. If the quality is unsatisfactory, repeat the surface treatment in a similar way.

Conclusion on the topic

An electric planer will help to significantly reduce the time it takes to complete the work and save money on purchasing lumber.

When working, you must comply with the necessary safety requirements to avoid serious injuries to limbs and other parts of the body.