If you are planning to carry out high-quality renovations in your home and dream of flooring, then you need to know how to make parquet with your own hands. This flooring option represents a sophisticated and beautiful finish made from wooden planks small size. Of course, this material is expensive, but its long service life and high environmental friendliness pay for all costs.

You can lay parquet with complete different pattern, such as herringbone or squares. Individual elements can be combined to create an original and unique pattern.

The basic rule that is followed when laying is an ideal base. You can use plywood or other solid options for subfloors.

How to prepare a base for parquet

The material purchased for the subfloor must be cut into separate parts.

The size should not be less than 50 cm. Be sure to leave a small gap for the seam (5 mm).

If you have a cement base, you need to dry it before laying the parquet and coat it with a deep penetration primer.

When choosing materials, be sure to familiarize yourself with them technical characteristics. They must be moisture resistant and not overdried.

1. When parquet is purchased, it should be unpacked. To secure the bases to the preparatory layer, you need to use a special glue with a synthetic composition.
2. After this, they are secured with dowels and screws for greater stability. The distance between them should be no more than 30 cm.
3. To ensure that there are no unevenness at the joints, use a sanding machine. As a last resort, you can use sandpaper.
4. After completing this stage, you can begin laying the parquet boards. They are also placed on glue and reinforced with staples.

Laying parquet with your own hands - features

The place where work begins depends on the chosen pattern and in which direction it will be directed: towards the walls or, conversely, away from them.

The diagonal pattern should be formed from the center of the room. If the pattern is vertical, then it is laid from any wall. Be sure to remember that you should make a retreat from the walls of about 1 cm. This will avoid damage to the surface associated with excess moisture and exposure to different temperatures. The indentation can be easily covered with skirting boards.

To ensure that the parquet has a dense structure, it is tapped on the side with a hammer. But you should put an attachment on the tip of the tool so as not to damage the material.

After completing the installation stage, you should wait some time. This is necessary for the glue to dry. The exposure time is usually indicated in the product instructions.

The next stage is sanding. The second name for this type of work is scraping. Some parquet planks stand out from the overall picture in height. AND upper part not varnished.

You can, of course, purchase laminate or a special parquet board, but this will no longer be real parquet, but only its imitation. The surface finishing process consists of three stages:

• grinding;
• varnish coating;
• rubbing.

To scrape parquet, a scraper is used, hence the name of the process. This is a wooden stick with curved blades attached to the end. With its help, it is removed from the parquet thin layer wood Not so long ago, this method was considered the only correct one. The final result completely justifies all the difficulties.

1. Usually for home use This equipment is not used because it is very difficult to find. In this case, use a grinding machine. You can even rent it. Sanding is done several times, and each new stage occurs with a replaced sandpaper, from coarser to finer. As a result, the parquet becomes even and smooth.
2. The next stage is polishing. With its help, a pattern appears on the parquet. Polishing helps protect the surface from moisture.
3. The final stage is rubbing. It allows you to protect the parquet from various kinds damage.

Until recently, parquet was rubbed with a special solution, which was a composition of wax, alcohol, and oil. Thanks to rubbing, the color of the parquet is revealed in all its glory. But this procedure is short-lived and should be performed regularly.

To save time and effort in this process, you can use varnish. A transparent substance is applied to the parquet. Usually several layers are performed. But each layer must be dried. The varnish surface also requires maintenance. For this you can purchase special means care The dried varnish is wiped with felt material.

In conclusion, it is worth noting that, despite its positive characteristics, strength and beauty, parquet, like any material, loses its original appearance over time. After 5 years, its condition should be assessed and, if necessary, repaired.

Wooden parquet is ideal material for the unusual design solutions, its structure and common installation methods significantly increase the variability in the visual design of the floor. Despite the fact that laying parquet is a rather labor-intensive job, there is no need to call a specialist, because taking into account all the rules and recommendations, you can easily cope with it alone. Next, we will look at the method of laying parquet step by step, and also talk about caring for parquet flooring.

So, before we begin describing the installation work, it should be noted that there are several types of parquet flooring. This article is about parquet boards - the most popular and effective type of parquet flooring.

Preparing the base for coating

The preparation process should begin before purchasing the coating material. Let's look at the entire preparation process in the form of step-by-step instructions:

So, when preparing to lay the coating, the following factors should be taken into account: the area to be covered, the uniformity of the surface, the temperature and humidity of the surface and leveling materials, and the tools needed for the job.

After preparation, you should start working. Let's look at ways to lay parquet.

Methods for laying parquet boards

There are four main installation methods parquet board:

• Laying using the “floating” method.
• Fastening with nails or self-tapping screws.
• A combination of the two previous methods - laying on glue with fastening with nails and screws.

Let's take a closer look at each installation option.

"floating" method of laying parquet

This method uses tongue-and-groove connections. Parquet boards are connected to each other, but do not have any attachment to the surface. This type of connection is the easiest for beginners, since there is no possibility of making an irreparable error. With this connection, it is possible to dismantle the boards and re-lay them, which allows you to replace damaged elements. By varnishing the surface, you can avoid highlighting any elements from the overall surface, and create the perception of a single coating.

Advantages of the method:

• Simple and straightforward installation.
• There is no need for connecting means.
• Possibility to replace unusable boards.
• Decent appearance.

Flaws:

• Suitable only for small and medium-sized rooms.
• Not the highest reliability.
• Weak base rigidity.

In general, the “floating” method is quite suitable for medium-sized city apartments, and anyone can install it.

In cases where a strong and durable floor base is needed, the method of laying parquet boards with glue is used. As in the previous method, the boards are connected using the tongue-and-groove method, then their base is generously lubricated with special glue and connected to the floor surface. It should be noted that this type of installation cannot be repaired or replaced, since all the boards are firmly connected to the floor. This is a more labor-intensive and expensive method compared to the “floating” method. But it has increased durability and reliability.

Advantages:

• Reliability of installation.
• Durability.
• Suitable for laying parquet over a large area.

Flaws:

• Labor intensity of work.
• Additional costs for glue.

Laying parquet with glue is quite suitable for large rooms and will ensure high strength and durability flooring. It’s just not recommended to make mistakes during installation - such a connection cannot be repaired.

Laying on parquet glue using nails and screws

The most reliable and popular way to at the moment. It prevents deformation of the coating, since the parquet boards are strengthened on all sides. This method guarantees the most long term operation of the coating, but it definitely won’t be possible to repair it – too many fasteners are used. Therefore, it is extremely important to install the boards as accurately as possible. This method is not recommended for use by inexperienced people - it requires the precise hand of a master.

All the advantages and disadvantages are similar to the previous installation method, only the price this method even higher.

Laying parquet boards

In any situation, the first thing you need to do is draw on paper the design that you want to make on the parquet. On paper, you should take into account the dimensions of the room and make accurate calculations. There should be even rows in the center of the room, trimmed rows along the edges.

The type of installation work depends on the pattern you choose. Let's consider the order of work using the example of a “Christmas tree” pattern:

1. First, you should level the surface with a screed to provide a smooth base for laying parquet.
2. We clean the surface from dust, dirt and unnecessary things.
3. First. An insulating film with a thickness of at least 200 microns should be used. The film strips should intersect by at least 20 cm. The film should be wrapped around the perimeter of the walls, by 5-6 cm.
4. Press down on the planks, squeezing out excess glue.
5. Next, you should lay a heat-insulating layer. For this purpose, polyethylene foam is often used, or polystyrene foam is used for better heat transfer.
6. After preparing the base, laying the parquet boards follows. Laying should begin from the longest wall that does not contain a doorway. The first board is attached in the corner of the wall; gaps should be wedged between the wall and the parquet at a distance of up to 8 mm.
7. Subsequent boards are also laid along the wall. The distance between the wall and the boards must be at least 7 mm along the entire length of the masonry.
8. A new row begins with the remaining segment of the previous one. The boards should be connected with special grooves. Using rubber hammer You can gently tap the junction of the two boards to securely fasten them.
9. After installing the parquet board completely over the entire area, remove the wedges and cut off the excess length of the waterproofing material. .
10. The last stage is around the entire perimeter of the room.

To carry out the remaining work, you must wait at least 7 days.

Final work

Looping

After the glue has dried, proceed to. At the beginning, the parquet is sanded with coarse sandpaper number 60, and the sanding process is completed with sandpaper with a finer grain. It is recommended to perform the grinding process at least three times.

Varnishing

The varnishing process completes the work. There are many types of varnishes, depending on the purpose of the surface to be varnished. Before varnishing, the floor is puttied and then applied to it. primer varnish. The varnish should be applied in three layers. IN public places, it is better to use special oils to treat the coating, as they are more resistant to friction and do not wear off as easily as varnish

Video instructions

Cost and quality of parquet boards

The following factors influence the pricing of parquet:

• Wood species.
• Manufacturer of parquet.
• Number of stripes.

Redwood parquet is more expensive than regular parquet. Because it is more visually attractive.

All manufacturers have their own technology, their own resources, their own quality of goods. Therefore, high-quality products from famous manufacturers are more expensive than their analogues from lesser-known companies.

Solid wood flooring is the most expensive on the market as it is made from one solid piece of wood. Two-ton, three-strip boards are made from several planks.

When choosing parquet, you should not think that a high price is a guarantee of quality. The most expensive is exotic wood flooring, which is better suited for design but has the same quality as mid-priced flooring. So the best option is an average price parquet and high quality. Average price of parquet boards per square meter- from 1500 to 5000 rubles.

Operating rules

• Clean the parquet surface with a wrung out cloth - parquet is afraid of moisture.
• When vacuuming, prevent the hard surface from coming into contact with the parquet so as not to spoil its appearance. The best way is to use a brush on the attachment.
• Try not to move furniture on the floor so as not to damage the surface of the parquet. Use soft stickers on furniture legs.

By following all the nuances and tips indicated in this article, you will be able to install reliable coverage and you will enjoy your parquet floor for many years to come

Artistic parquet- This is a floor covering laid in a special way. When laying it, the pattern is made up of two types of wood (sometimes more are used), and the details of the pattern consist of elements of different sizes.

For the first time, artistic parquet was mentioned in interior descriptions in early XVI century. The process of its manufacture was equated to weaving complex and expensive carpets. It was used in the decoration of palaces and houses of the nobility. It occupies a special place in the history of decorative and applied arts.

Artistic styling- long and painstaking handmade, so it has always been very expensive. Sometimes a craftsman can use about sixty types of wood to create an original design with a smooth transition of colors and shapes. The work requires care and a responsible approach to the choice of wood: its properties are taken into account, as well as the conditions in which the floor covering will be used. It is necessary to measure the humidity of the room and know average temperature in it so that the styling does not deteriorate over time. Not every specialist will undertake such work, but thanks modern developments, craftsmen have the opportunity to decorate the interior with their own hands.

Wood selection

Artistic parquet will look expressive in the interior of any room if you choose the right material for its manufacture. Usually used hard rocks wood: oak, larch, ash, walnut, maple and others. This choice is explained by the fact that the floor is made of solid wood It lasts longer, is easier to repair, and its installation is easier and faster.

Wood processing technology also affects the quality of the coating. The beauty of the design depends on how the log is cut. There are the following types of cuts: rustic, tangential, radial and transverse. Artistic parquet is usually made from wood processed using cross-cut technology.

Techniques for making artistic parquet

There are several methods of drawing:

• marquetry - the design is made up of different strips, which are then glued onto the base board. This is the most popular way of making a design;
• countier - the method is that patterns are created by cutting out grooves into which they insert ebony. This the old way, which is not currently in use;
• inlay - the pattern is laid to a certain depth of the base. Fragments of amber, metal, and mother-of-pearl are used in decoration. Artistic parquet laid using this technique is more expensive and is more susceptible to external influences.

Select a pattern

The parquet layout involves several ornament options. Most often they are:

• rosette pattern - its details are made in the form of circles or ovals located in the middle of the composition. To perform it, up to twenty types of wood are used;
• modular artistic parquet - assembled from individual shields, which, in turn, are assembled from a certain number of dies. In this case, geometric patterns are usually composed;
• "border" - usually used to divide space; in addition to geometric patterns, animal and plant motifs are used here.

Artistic parquet has several advantages over conventional parquet. First of all, this is its durability. This quality is ensured by the hard wood species used in the work. It is also distinguished by its high environmental safety and the ability to perfectly retain heat in a room. But the main thing is the unique installation, which gives originality and expressiveness to the room in which it is used.

Among the disadvantages, owners of this type of flooring note a tendency to mechanical stress and a high price. Some people don’t like the fact that the installation ends with scraping, which is accompanied by noise and increased dust formation; however, laying regular parquet also cannot be done without this procedure.

Making artistic parquet at home

If you want to contemplate artistic parquet in your home, but the high price is holding you back, you can try to make your dream come true with your own hands. Having made a decision, you definitely need to invite a technologist to assess the room where the work will be done: a professional will determine the humidity, temperature, and help with choosing a base. Then a design project is drawn up. For a beginner, it is best to choose a simple pattern such as “herringbone”, “checkerboard” and the like: they will suit any interior and will not cause difficulties in execution. After this, the quantity and cost of materials are calculated, tools are selected, and all estimated costs are summed up. Having completed all the preparations, you can begin making artistic parquet with your own hands.

It is recommended to carry out work at a room temperature of 17 to 23 degrees and a humidity of 40–60%. Special attention it is necessary to pay attention to the underlying base of the parquet, since the durability of the service and the strength of the flooring itself will depend on its quality. The leader among bases is waterproof plywood, which is attached to the base with screws, and waterproofing is preliminarily laid under it. Parquet is secured to plywood with glue and nails.

IN lately self-taught craftsmen now have the opportunity to make their work easier self-installation parquet Sets are available for sale ready-made modules, which you can then assemble yourself. It is good to complement the design of the parquet with rosettes and friezes, for the production of which special machines are used: their curvilinear shapes will add expressiveness and originality to the geometric design. Artistic parquet, made with your own hands, subject to all rules and technologies, will delight the owners for many years with beauty, grace, adding luxury and sophistication to the room.

There is another way to install it with additional use nails, but it seems unreasonable to us if the first two methods can perfectly hold the parquet together.

Floating method

Laying parquet using the floating method is the most simple option. Parquet planks are joined to each other using the “tenon-to-groove” principle. Since the floating method does not fix the parquet to the base, it will expand and contract depending on the humidity and temperature in the room. Therefore, when laying, you need to make a 1 cm indentation from the walls. If you do not make an indentation, the parquet will soon begin to creak, and this is very unpleasant.

Parquet should be laid using the floating method on a previously laid layer of vapor barrier and then sound insulation. Cork insulation is well suited as a soundproofing material; it also has good thermal insulation characteristics, thanks to the porous structure.

If the parquet is laid using a floating method, it can be repaired.

Glue installation method

Laying parquet with glue requires more time and labor (and, of course, purchasing glue, having a notched trowel and a drill with a mixing attachment). Also, in the case of fixing parquet with glue, the base (usually plywood) must first be primed for good adhesion to the glue. Wood and concrete have their own types of primer.

The disadvantage of laying block parquet with glue is the impossibility of repair.

How to lay strip parquet correctly

The first thing you need to know is to lay parquet at room temperature and normal humidity.

Laying block parquet is a process consisting of the following steps:

1. Preparing the base for laying parquet. Often the subfloor is made first ( various types We have a whole series of articles dedicated to rough floors). If a subfloor is not required, you can simply lay down roll and slab sound insulation (it can simultaneously have both thermal and waterproofing characteristics; an example is a cork underlay, DSP boards, sometimes moisture-resistant plywood is sufficient: it depends on the conditions of your room, and what is underneath). If, for example, this is the floor on the second floor, and there is a bathroom underneath it, then it makes sense to take care of waterproofing.
2. The distance from the walls is 1 cm. When laying any type of parquet, a distance from the walls is required (even when laying with glue). When laying in a floating manner, the indentation is necessary for the natural expansion of the wood. When laying with glue, an indentation is needed to create additional sound insulation, due to the absence of abutment of the floor to the walls. During installation, a distance from the walls must be provided with plastic liners 1 cm thick.
3. Laying parquet according to technology. We'll talk about them below. If you are laying parquet using deck laying technology, then in each next row the board should be offset by at least 30 cm, or preferably by half.
4. Sanding (aka scraping) parquet (if it does not have a finished front surface). For grinding you need to use a special grinding machine. It can be rented.
5. Parquet tinting as needed. Tinting is needed to emphasize the contrast of the wood structure: for example, the fibers will be better visible.
6. Parquet varnishing. It is required, first of all, to protect the parquet, and only then to create a glossy effect.
7. Installation of baseboards.

Tap the parquet boards together either with a hammer with a rubber tip or through a wooden plank (the plank must be pressed to the floor so that it does not fly out from the impact and scratch the parquet flooring). When laying the last row, it must be tapped to the already laid row using a special tamping strip (bracket).

Technologies for laying block parquet

Laying parquet planks can be done according to different technologies, each of which looks different:

• Deck laying (regular);
• "Herringbone";
• Squares;
• Diamonds;
• Braids (mosaic);
• Sheremetyevo star.

Deck

Deck laying is the usual longitudinal laying of parquet planks with the next row offset by about half to increase rigidity. It is better to start laying from the wall opposite the door, moving towards the exit.

If the finished laid coating is to be a seamless gloss, then lay the planks longitudinally to the light.

Before laying the first row, lay the planks along their entire length, taking into account a distance of 1 cm from the walls, if necessary, mark the cutting line from the final plank, and lay. Depending on the type of connection, piece parquet can be simply pushed into the grooves of adjacent planks, or it can be smoothly inserted at a slight angle, gradually lowering it.

To make sure that the joint is even before laying the next row, after each connection of two planks, you need to connect a piece of the plank at their junction, as if it were the next row, and shake it a little to level the horizontal of the connection. And repeat this with each joint. The second row must first be secured to each other, then check the joints with a piece of plank, then connect to the first row.

From the planks located near the walls, you need to saw off a groove or tenon (depending on which side the wall is from the plank) so that the distance from the walls is uniform. This must be taken into account when taking measurements for cutting. Sawing, by the way, is done with a jigsaw.

Deck laying can also be done diagonally. It can be positioned at an angle of 45 degrees, or diagonally from one corner of the room to the other. In any case, you need to draw a laying line that will start from one corner of the room.

The first row of parquet is laid along the line, starting with sawing off the corner at the first plank. When the first row is laid, we align the joints with a piece of plank. Then we lay the subsequent rows with a distance between the joints of the rows of about 50 cm (if the boards are long) or half a plank (if they are short).

Herringbone

For herringbone installation, the planks must have a tenon on 2 corner sides and a groove on the other 2 corners. Laying is carried out in such a way that the connections are directed in one direction.

The planks can be laid at an angle of 45 degrees to all walls, or at a right angle of 90 degrees to the walls (steps).

The laying technology begins with the lighthouse “herringbone” - the first two laid rows. They set an even line for laying the remaining rows, so the lighthouse “herringbone” must be perfectly aligned. To do this, you need to either draw or stretch a line between the nails, relative to which the “herringbone” will be equal.

It is better to lay the “Christmas tree” with glue. By the way, if you lay it with glue, the parquet planks do not have to have tongue-and-groove locks - you can do it without them, it will still be attached with glue.

Squares and wicker (mosaic)

The easiest way is to lay parquet with wicker in the shape of squares (if, of course, the dimensions of the planks allow them to be adjusted to this shape) and rectangular options. The installation principle is very simple: join the first square of planks and lay them out; join the second square of planks and lay it out perpendicular to the first. And so you alternate perpendicular squares. Every other row moves the squares by one to create a checkerboard effect.

This is a standard technology, but you can also lay out a mosaic, alternating, for example, a circle of planks in one direction, and a circle inside in a perpendicular direction, and so move towards the center. You can just lay it out in strips, you can make crosses, you can put it in large cubes... There are a lot of options.

Laying the planks with braided or squares begins with a lighthouse row, which is perfectly aligned.

Also, wicker mosaic squares and rectangles can be placed at an angle of 45 degrees to the walls (diamonds). But for this, as for the herringbone, you will have to cut a lot of parquet boards, so buy the material with a reserve.

To lay block parquet using the Sheremetyevskaya Star technology, it must be made of two types of shapes: simple rectangular and inclined diamond-shaped. The result of a mosaic made using this technology pleasantly pleases the eye with possible combinations of geometric shapes and the play of texture and color.

To avoid confusion, the Sheremetyevskaya Star must be laid according to the diagram.

Do-it-yourself parquet sanding

After laying the parquet, it needs to be sanded. >Grinding used to be called scraping because a scraper was used for it. But the scraper can deform the parquet too much. Therefore, special parquet sanding machines are used. They work like sandpaper– rub the surface to a single level so that all the joints of the planks are on the same level. There are different grinders with different grinding power attachments.

But a grinder is a rather bulky piece of equipment, and you can’t sand corners with it. For this purpose, a sanding boot is used - a hand-held sander for processing corners and other hard-to-reach areas. grinding machine places (for example, a place under a heating radiator).

It is better to sand the parquet with your own hands 2 times:

1. First, sanding is carried out with a hard attachment to remove all irregularities.
2. Then the nozzle is changed to a less rigid one and polishes the parquet to a pleasant smoothness.

If, after laying the parquet, other construction or renovation work indoors, you need to wait until they are finished and only then begin sanding and subsequent varnishing.

For self-made parquet you will need about 4 pallets of two different types wood For example, oak and mahogany. IN in this case pallets are a set of wooden blanks certain sizes. Under the parquet you need relatively small bars, preferably 10 mm thick.

Please note: wood in pallets must be well dried - by vacuum or vacuum-convective method. Humidity according to GOST during shipment is no more than 9±3%. Then in conditions normal temperature and room humidity, the dies will not lose their original shape. They will not warp even after getting very wet, but will only swell.

Before we start producing parquet, we buy tools.

You will need:
• circular saw for making longitudinal cuts;
• crosscut saw.

If these tools are not available, then it is better not to buy them, but to rent them. They are usually rented out construction stores, but it’s a little expensive there. You can also contact specialized companies that rent tools. At one time, we agreed to rent equipment with a company that deals with turnkey repairs - they rented saws to us for a very good price. favorable conditions. You can try renting everything you need from them.

When all the tools and materials are prepared, you can start working.

Start by marking the future parquet strips (planks).

Here they are optimal sizes in millimeters:
• thickness – 10 or 13;
• width – 70 or 95;
• length – 490 or 570.

The geometric shape of the planks is an ordinary rectangle. If the thickness of the material is 21 mm or more, and it is varnished on both sides, then first saw the strips. After this you can start making rectangles.

The third step in making parquet with your own hands is cutting ready-made rectangular blanks to thickness. It must be carried out strictly in the middle. You don’t have to do this if you initially found the raw material of the required thickness - 10 or 13 mm.

We lay the parquet we have made

After the dies are ready, we begin laying the parquet floor.

It can be of several types:
1. diagonal - performed in the direction from corner to corner at an angle of 30 to 45°. It is important to outline a plan in advance and then adhere to it carefully.
2. classic - straight or herringbone. It is better to place block parquet perpendicular to the flow sun rays, i.e. across the room. The herringbone, in turn, can be straight or diagonal.

We chose the “braid” installation method. It's very complex. We advise you to use a simpler installation -.

So, the floor is laid - making parquet with your own hands is completely finished. Now you can buy and install skirting boards. It's best to choose wooden products, V color scheme and quality similar to parquet.

Is it worth trying? independent scraping and sanding parquet? If you do not have special skills, it is better to leave this painstaking work to professional parquet flooring specialists. Our specialists have a full range of tools and many years of experience in bringing parquet floors to perfect condition.