Repair and construction work Not only are they difficult, but they also leave a lot of dust and debris, which most often you are too lazy to remove, and ordinary home vacuum cleaners are simply not capable of coping with the task. A cyclone for a vacuum cleaner will help, capable of sifting out shavings, sawdust and other debris without clogging the dust collector itself.

Operating principle

Many people know what construction debris is and how difficult it is to remove it, especially in industrial scale. There are special construction vacuum cleaners on the market that have high power, in comparison with household ones, but at the same time they have large dimensions and a considerable price. Therefore, masters of their craft create cyclone-type chip extractors with their own hands, thereby improving their household vacuum cleaners and making their work easier.

The filter is a structure of two compartments: external and internal. Under the influence of centrifugal force, all rubbish entering the dust collector, based on the cyclone principle, sorts into large and small particles.

Large ones settle in the outer chamber, and small ones - in the inner chamber. It is because of this principle of operation of the filter that it was called cyclone.

DIY making

Before starting work, you need to remember that building such a simple device will not be difficult, so after mastering the principles, you can immediately make your own masterful modifications to the mechanism.

When making a cyclone with your own hands from scrap materials, you need:

To make a vacuum cleaner with your own hands, you need:

• In the lid of the container it is necessary to make a hole for the polypropylene elbow at 90 degrees and in the side of the container itself the same hole for the elbow at 30 degrees.
• A filter is placed inside the container, already connected to a polypropylene elbow.
• All holes should be sealed tightly with sealant.

The hose is tightly fixed with a polypropylene elbow and is directed clearly downwards, thereby setting a stable trajectory. Testing is carried out on hard litter.

Aquafilter from improvised means

If you have problems finding a store-bought aqua filter, you can safely do cyclone filter for a vacuum cleaner with your own hands. For this you just need plastic pipe, the dimensions of which are determined based on the size of the container (a sewer pipe of small diameter is suitable).

To make a filter yourself, you need to cut the pipe into pieces and tightly connect it into a T-shape so that air can easily pass between the chambers, and the side branches need to be plugged with breathable fabric material.

From below, at the base of the wide part, you need to drill holes in checkerboard pattern(for water intake). Next, you need to connect the cyclone filter to the water filter using a polypropylene elbow so that the water filter, while inside the container, lightly touches the water.

Water is added immediately before using the vacuum cleaner.

Dust bag

When making a vacuum cleaner bag with your own hands, any material is suitable, but it is important that it is dense. In order to make such a bag, you will need only three materials:

• Textolite (the size is selected individually for each vacuum cleaner).
• Any textile thick bag (many people use shoe bags).
• Clamp for debris dump part.

A hole is made in the PCB with a diameter the size of the dust collection valve outlet; the sizes are different for everyone, depending on the model of the vacuum cleaner. Next, the same hole is made in the bag and secured between the PCB and the bag.

A hole is made in the opposite part of the bag to discharge dust and debris, after which the bag is secured with a clamp.

Cyclone was created in 1986 Jameson Dyson and since then has gained its authority in the sales market and maintains its position to this day.

Not a single industrial sector can do without this invention, which has such qualities as speed and reliability.

If large and relatively large pieces construction waste transfer well from the floor to bags, then construction dust- this is the scourge of repairs.

We turn our attention to the offers on the vacuum cleaner market: from 6,000 rubles.

Hmm, since it is not yet known whether there will be more orders for repairs after this is completed, the investment in a vacuum cleaner may not pay off. We turn our attention to homemade products. Let's Google. The principle of a cyclone filter has been known for a long time, we are studying the best practices of making it ourselves. There are very good designs, but they are difficult to manufacture. Still, you need a vacuum cleaner quickly, there is no time for a long fuss with it. But general trend clear: standard vacuum cleaner + car filter + barrel. In the bins there is a quite decent copy of a vacuum cleaner (priceless) An air filter from a Gazelle is bought at auto parts stores (180 rubles) The barrel is taken from a construction supermarket (I had to run around to different ones to find a suitable one and at a reasonable price. 500 rubles)

After purchasing the barrel I understand that it is essentially square. Even if the corners are rounded, you may not get a classic cyclone. Okay, I'll rely on a filter from Gazelle.

We can start. The hole in the lid has already been drilled, and pipes of the required diameters have also been found.

First I figure out how to attach the filter to the lid. A very lucky hole in it gives me the idea to use it. Firstly, a quick-release mount, and secondly, it still had to be covered with something. I cut out petals from tin (here Mercedes should pay some money for advertising)

And I make such a central screed.

The filter is on.

First fitting of the layout.

A piece of pipe tangentially and slightly downwards. This is the last time we see such a clean barrel.

Filter housing. The shape repeats the expected flow of sandblasting (by the way, this is a topic, I should hang some part here and see if it can be sanded). It is necessary so that the dust does not immediately crash into the filter.

Guess what's on the filter?

Pioneers advise placing a woman's stocking over the filter to prevent the filter from clogging in large pieces mud. The filter diameter is, however, too large. I barely pulled it on and tore it. In short, it works only partially.

The first test runs showed that the barrel does not have enough rigidity, the suction force is greater and therefore the barrel distorts, especially when the flow of dirt is dense. The sides need to be strengthened.

I thought about it and realized that building the shell inside is difficult and will worsen the already not ideal aerodynamics inside. That's why I make the shell from the outside. 25mm strip bent on my bending machine. Consists of two halves - for ease of installation. Attached from the inside with screws with large washers.

There is less messing around.

4 swivel wheels are attached to the frame (we had them lying around at the dacha).

And the final marriage of components.

A clever quick-release system for fastening the barrel with ropes. This is the best thing that came to mind.

And of course the product needs a name. Whatever you call it, it will float.

My construction vacuum cleaner, made with your own hands is called “Veterok-M”.

Handsome!

And it works like a beast. Already working hard at the site.

The cost of the product is 680 rubles + several working hours. If you don’t have a vacuum cleaner lying around, then the budget will increase by 1000 rubles (this is how lucky you are with buying a used one). But in any case, it’s much better (by an order of magnitude) than the ready-made vacuum cleaners sold. Another blow to the global corporations in the gut!

Dear visitors to the site “Visiting Samodelkin,” from the master class presented by the author, you will learn how to make a “cyclone” filter from old and unnecessary plastic buckets with your own hands. This type filters are very popular among carpenters and furniture makers, because they are very easy to manufacture and unpretentious in operation.
Every craftsman engaged in or interested in carpentry is simply obliged to have a similar filter in his workshop.

So our author, who is engaged in carpentry, in order not to become overgrown with sawdust and shavings in his workshop, decided to maintain his workplace clean, for which I made a cyclone from an old plastic barrel and bucket, as well as a vacuum cleaner which powers this filter.

So, let's take a closer look at how the master assembled the cyclone filter and what exactly was needed for this?

Materials
1. plastic barrel 25-30 l
2. Chipboard
3. hot glue
4. PVC pipe
5. silicone seal
6. self-tapping screw
7. bolt
8. nut
9. corrugated hose
10. vacuum cleaner
11. tape
12. electrical tape

Tools
1. router
2. drill
3. jigsaw
4. Festulov roulette
5. heat gun
6. stationery knife
7. core drill 50 mm
8. pencil
9. screwdriver
10. pliers

The process of creating a cyclone filter with your own hands.

And so, first you should still figure out how this miracle device works? There is nothing special here, take 2 containers, one for the cyclone, the other for collecting garbage and sawdust (hopper). Inside the first container there is a cone that prevents dust from rising to the top, and there are also 2 tubes for the entrance in the side of the container at an angle of 45 degrees, that is, when dust and sawdust are sucked into the filter, they rush into a vortex along the wall of the container, and purified air is supplied through a straight pipe located in the upper part of the lid. To make it more clear, the author has provided a figurative diagram of the filter’s operation, take a look.

And a simple drawing for greater clarity.

IN general outline I think the principle of operation of the cyclone filter is clear, now we should go directly to the manufacturing process of the device itself.
As stated above, the master used 2 containers - a plastic barrel with a volume of 25-30 liters, it will serve as a receiving hopper for sawdust, and for the cyclone a 10 liter bucket, also made of plastic, was used. Here they are.

Next, the author began making lids for buckets, because there were no relatives, and plastic lids unreliable. The material used was laminated chipboard. Using a fistula tape measure, the diameter of the bucket was measured and the radius was calculated, that is, the diameter is divided by 2 and the radius is obtained, the circle is drawn on the board.

It is cut out using a jigsaw, with an allowance of 2-3 mm in reserve.

The resulting cover then needs to be trimmed onto milling machine, for which the author made a simple device from laminate.

Processes the edges and creates a groove.

The groove is necessary so that the lid fits very tightly and hermetically, because the filter should under no circumstances suck in air through any cracks.

Everything fit perfectly.

The cover for the cyclone itself is cut out in the same way.

The lid also fit very well.

After which it is necessary to cut through the hopper lid big hole, which will connect the 2 containers into one.

On the inside of the lid you need to make a landing groove for installing a bucket.

This is what happens.

Check, everything is fine.

And he makes a cone from the sawn bottom, cut out a sector and glued it with PVC glue.

I pulled it together with clamps and left it to dry, but in the end it turned out that the glue didn’t stick together and I had to redo it.

The landing groove on the hopper lid is filled with hot glue, but you need to work more quickly, the master hesitated a little and the bucket stood up a little crooked, because the glue had already begun to harden.

The bucket is installed.

Excess glue is cut off using a stationery knife.

It is also advisable to place the silicone seal on hot glue so that it does not fly off during the process.

A hole is drilled in the center of the lid with a crown using a drill.

Insert into the resulting hole with a diameter of 50 mm PVC scrap pipes 12 cm long, seat It is also advisable to treat it with glue or sealant.

Installed and sealed.

At the bottom the tube protrudes 5 cm.

The elbow pipe is inserted at 45 degrees.

Attaches to the wall of the bucket using a bolt and nut.

The joint is treated with hot-melt adhesive (you can silicone sealant).

Recently I became interested in working with wood and the issue of removing shavings and sawdust arose very urgently. So far, the issue of cleaning the workplace has been solved with a home vacuum cleaner, but it quickly becomes clogged and stops suction. You have to shake out the bag often. In search of a solution to the problem, I looked through many pages on the Internet and found something. As it turns out, it is possible to make fully functional dust collectors from scrap materials.

Mini vacuum cleaner made from a plastic bottle

Here is another idea for a mini vacuum cleaner based on the Venturi effect
This vacuum cleaner operates using forced air.

Venturi effect

The Venturi effect is a pressure drop when a liquid or gas flows through a constricted portion of a pipe. This effect is named after the Italian physicist Giovanni Venturi (1746–1822).

Rationale

The Venturi effect is a consequence of Bernoulli's law, which corresponds to the Bernoulli equation, which determines the relationship between speed v liquid, pressure p in it and height h, on which the fluid element in question is located, above the reference level:

where is the density of the liquid, and is the acceleration of gravity.

If the Bernoulli equation is written for two sections of the flow, then we will have:

For a horizontal flow, the average terms on the left and right sides of the equation are equal to each other, and therefore cancel, and the equality takes the form:

that is, with a steady horizontal flow of an ideal incompressible fluid in each of its sections, the sum of the piezometric and dynamic pressures will be constant. To fulfill this condition in those places of the flow where average speed fluid is higher (that is, in narrow sections), its dynamic pressure increases, and the hydrostatic pressure decreases (and therefore the pressure decreases).

Application
The Venturi effect is observed or used in the following objects:

• in hydraulic jet pumps, in particular in tankers for oil and chemical products;
• in burners that mix air and combustible gases in the grill, gas stove, Bunsen burner and airbrushes;
• in Venturi tubes - constricting elements of Venturi flow meters;
• in Venturi flow meters;
• in ejector-type water aspirators, which create small vacuums using the kinetic energy of tap water;
• sprayers (sprayers) for spraying paint, water or aromatizing the air.
• carburetors, where the Venturi effect is used to draw gasoline into the inlet air stream of an internal combustion engine;
• in automated swimming pool cleaners, which use water pressure to collect sediment and debris;
• in oxygen masks for oxygen therapy, etc.

Now let's look at the samples that can take their rightful place in the workshop.

Ideally, I would like to get something similar to a cyclone filter, but from scrap materials:

Homemade chip separator.

The principle is the same, but made much simpler:

But I liked this option the most, since it is a smaller analogue industrial cyclone:

ch1

Since traffic cone I don’t have it, so I decided to settle on this design, assembled from plastic pipes for sewerage. An undoubted advantage is the availability and low cost of material for assembling the structure:

Homemade cyclone from plastic sewer pipes

Please pay attention to the mistake that the master made. The garbage collection pipe should be located like this:

In this case, the desired vortex will be created.
The following video shows a similar design in action:

And finally, a slightly modified version:

Today we will tell you about a cyclone filter for a vacuum cleaner in the workshop, because one of the problems that we have to deal with when working with wood is dust removal. Industrial equipment It’s quite expensive, so we’ll make a cyclone with our own hands - it’s not difficult at all.

What is a cyclone and why is it needed?

In a workshop there is almost always a need to remove fairly large debris. Sawdust, small trimmings, metal shavings - all this, in principle, can be caught by a regular vacuum cleaner filter, but it is highly likely to quickly become unusable. In addition, it will not be superfluous to be able to remove liquid waste.

The cyclone filter uses aerodynamic vortex to bind debris different sizes. Spinning in a circle, the debris manages to stick together to such a consistency that it can no longer be carried away by the air flow and settles at the bottom. This effect almost always occurs if the air flow passes through a cylindrical container at sufficient speed.

This kind of filters are included in the kit of many industrial vacuum cleaners, but their cost is by no means affordable for the average person. At the same time, the range of problems solved using homemade devices, not at all anymore. The homemade cyclone can be used both in conjunction with planes, hammer drills or jigsaws, and for removing sawdust or shavings from various kinds machine tools In the end, even simple cleaning with such a device is much easier, because the bulk of dust and debris settles in a container, from where it can be easily removed.

Difference between wet and dry cyclone

To create a swirling flow, the main requirement is that the air entering the container does not follow the shortest path to the exhaust hole. To do this, the inlet pipe must have a special shape and be directed either to the bottom of the container or tangentially to the walls. Using a similar principle, it is recommended to make the exhaust duct rotary, optimally if it is directed towards the cover of the device. The increase in aerodynamic drag due to pipe bends can be neglected.

As already mentioned, a cyclone filter has the potential to remove liquid waste as well. With liquid, everything is somewhat more complicated: the air in the pipe and cyclone is partially rarefied, which promotes the evaporation of moisture and its breaking into very small droplets. Therefore, the inlet pipe must be located as close as possible to the surface of the water or even lowered under it.

In the majority washing vacuum cleaners Air is supplied to the water through a diffuser, so any moisture contained in it is effectively dissolved. However, for greater versatility with a minimum number of alterations, it is not recommended to use such a scheme.

Made from scrap materials

The simplest and affordable option For the cyclone container there will be a bucket of paint or other building mixtures. The volume should be comparable to the power of the vacuum cleaner used, approximately one liter for every 80-100 W.

The bucket lid must be intact and fit tightly onto the body of the future cyclone. It will have to be modified by making a couple of holes. Regardless of the material of the bucket, the easiest way to make holes is required diameter- use homemade compass. IN wooden slats you need to screw in two self-tapping screws so that their tips are at a distance of 27 mm from each other, no more, no less.

The centers of the holes should be marked 40 mm from the edge of the cover, preferably so that they are as far apart as possible. Both metal and plastic can be scratched perfectly with this homemade instrument, forming smooth edges with virtually no burrs.

The second element of the cyclone will be a set of sewer elbows at 90º and 45º. Let us draw your attention in advance that the position of the corners must correspond to the direction of air flow. Their fastening in the housing cover is carried out according to the following scheme:

1. The elbow is inserted all the way into the side of the socket. Silicone sealant is first applied under the side.
2. WITH reverse side The rubber sealing ring is pulled tightly onto the socket. To be sure, you can additionally compress it with a screw clamp.

The inlet pipe is located with a narrow rotating part inside the bucket, the bell is located with outside almost flush with the lid. The knee needs to be given another 45º turn and directed obliquely downwards and tangentially to the wall of the bucket. If the cyclone is made with wet cleaning in mind, you should extend the outer elbow with a piece of pipe, reducing the distance from the bottom to 10-15 cm.

The exhaust pipe is located in the reverse position and its socket is located under the bucket lid. You also need to insert one elbow into it so that air is taken from the wall, or make two turns for suction from under the center of the lid. The latter is preferable. Don't forget about o-rings, for more reliable fixation and to prevent rotation of the knees, they can be wrapped with plumber’s tape.

How to adapt the device for machines and tools

To be able to draw in waste when using hand-held and stationary tools, you will need a system of adapters. Typically, a vacuum cleaner hose ends in a curved tube, the diameter of which is comparable to the fittings for dust bags of power tools. As a last resort, you can seal the connection in several layers double sided tape for mirrors, wrapped with vinyl tape to eliminate stickiness.

With stationary equipment everything is more complicated. Dust extraction systems have very different configurations, especially for homemade machines, so we can only give a few useful recommendations:

1. If the machine's dust extractor is designed for a 110 mm or larger hose, use plumbing adapters with a 50 mm diameter to connect the corrugated hose of the vacuum cleaner.
2. To connect homemade machines to a dust catcher, it is convenient to use press fittings for 50 mm HDPE pipes.
3. When designing the dust collector housing and outlet, take advantage of the convection flow created by the tool's moving parts for greater efficiency. For example: a pipe for removing sawdust from circular saw must be directed tangentially to the saw blade.
4. Sometimes it is necessary to provide dust extraction from different sides workpiece, for example, for band saw or a router. Use 50mm sewer tees and corrugated hoses for drains.

Which vacuum cleaner and connection system to use

Usually, you don’t choose a vacuum cleaner for a homemade cyclone yourself, but use the one that is available. However, there are a number of limitations beyond the power mentioned above. If you want to continue using the vacuum cleaner for domestic purposes, then at a minimum you will need to find an additional hose.

The beauty of the sewer elbows used in the design is that they ideally match the diameter of the most common hoses. Therefore, the spare hose can be safely cut into 2/3 and 1/3, the shorter section should be connected to the vacuum cleaner. The other, longer section, as is, is tucked into the socket of the cyclone inlet pipe. The maximum that is required in this place is to seal the connection with silicone sealant or plumbing tape, but usually the fit density is quite high. Especially if there is an o-ring.

The video shows another example of making a cyclone for dust removal in a workshop

To pull a short piece of hose onto the exhaust pipe, the outermost part of the corrugated pipe will have to be leveled. Depending on the diameter of the hose, it may be more convenient to tuck it inside. If the straightened edge does not fit slightly onto the pipe, it is recommended to warm it a little with a hairdryer or indirect flame gas burner. The latter is considered an excellent option, because this way the connection will be located optimally in relation to the direction of the moving flow.