Although wood and structures made from it are not so long term operation, the vast majority of consumers still vote in favor of this material because of its many advantages: environmental friendliness, low weight, reliability and low price.

Wood is used to create logs that play huge role in the floor installation. From them correct installation service life depends flooring V wooden house. In this article we will talk about how to lay floor joists with your own hands, so that they will serve faithfully for decades.

General installation information

So, if you are interested in the question of how to attach logs to brick pillars, then you are seriously thinking about creating a reliable and durable floor. However, with this installation method, you will need to resort to constructing a foundation, and most importantly, it must be done in such a way that it can easily support each installed brick support. You can pour the foundation for installation separately or make it in the form of a narrow strip. The height of the support can be determined using the height at which the timber will be placed.

Columns

To find out the consumption of materials for installing columns under the logs, you need to perform a calculation and then draw up a plan that will indicate the layout of the subfloor, what materials will be required and their quantity. This will need to include the following materials: timber, high-quality cement and bricks.

Laying

To ensure that the lags are laid in a column with high quality, it is recommended to follow the following rule: where the load in the room is insignificant, a larger distance can be maintained between the lags. If thin material is used for flooring, then it is recommended to place the logs close to each other.

This suggests the following conclusion: the smaller the distance between the lags, the higher the strength characteristics of the structure.

However, such a solution leads to high consumption of materials, and therefore an increase in monetary costs. But the end result will be of high quality, and the laid floor will last a long time.

Location

If the thickness of the board is at least 50 mm, in this case the logs are laid at a distance of one meter from each other. However, in private housing construction, 40 mm boards are more often used; in this case, the logs are placed in increments of 70 cm. Many people are interested in the question of how to make the structure reliable and the loads accurately distributed? Here it is important to maintain the exact distance between the lags. The first board is laid no further than 25-35 cm from the wall.

Distance

The main rule that must be followed if you want to fulfill correct installation, this is the location. The logs are laid perpendicular to the floor boards. If boards in two layers are used to create a structure, then the top one is laid “cross” to the bottom one.

Installation of logs in different rooms carried out differently. If installation is carried out in the living room, then the floor boards are mounted in the direction sunlight. In this case, the logs themselves are mounted in a transverse position. But for rooms where there is a lot of traffic, floor boards are laid in the direction of movement.

Distance table

How to attach

There are several ways to attach joists. This is done using metal corners or nails. However, professionals say that nails for fastening joists are ineffective, and after a certain time they will need to be repaired.

It is better to secure the beams with self-tapping screws, which penetrate deep to a distance of 3 to 5 cm. If the support for the joists is made of brick, then the first thing you need to do is cover it with a waterproofing layer, fastening is done with dowels.

If the length of the beam is not enough to lay a log of the required length, it is recommended to carry out the extension using the cutting method, it is also called “half a tree” and then secure this place with nails. When laying logs directly on the ground, the skull blocks are first installed.

In addition to wooden bars, plastic structures are now used; they can easily withstand significant loads and are self-regulating. The use of plastic logs completely solves the problem of their leveling. If the question is how to attach the cabinets, then such work is not very difficult; the main thing that needs to be done is to adhere to the installation technology.

Important! A waterproofing layer is made between the joists, then a heat insulator is laid. A small gap is left between the boards during installation.

Laying supports and fastening joists

To install supports under the timber, bricks are laid in two rows. The masonry of the top row is carried out so that the wooden logs are then perpendicular to the bricks. For laying columns, it is better to use bricks of at least M100 grade; such products can easily withstand heavy loads.

To make the solution, cement and sand are used in a ratio of 1 to 3. Then they are diluted with water and stirred. As soon as the columns are erected, on the second day waterproofing is carried out under the wooden logs. For its construction, roofing material is used.

Device diagram

When the beams are laid on the posts, pay attention to the evenness of the base, it should be perfect. Then you can install the boards. Here it is recommended to screw the corner to brick pillar dowel-nails. To do this, use a drill to drill holes in the brick.

Floor insulation

Insulation is also very important stage. Down on one side and the other wooden logs support bars 50 × 50 or 30 × 50 mm are nailed.

Next, a roll is laid on the block, which is an unedged low-grade board; its thickness should be 25 mm. Before laying, such boards are treated with a special antiseptic composition to protect the floor from rodents and insects. Self-tapping screws are used to attach the knurling to the bars.

Insulation

Next, a waterproofing membrane with throughput no more than 800 g/m. It will protect the heat insulator from exposure to moisture. Afterwards, a heat insulator is mounted on the laid waterproofing layer. Considering that today there is a large assortment of insulating materials on the market, there will be no problems with the choice, but you should understand that not every one of them can be used to insulate a wooden floor.

Fastening boards

Any wood is subject to deformation under the influence of moisture and temperature changes, so the edge board is laid so that there is a gap of 1-2 cm between it and the wall, this will preserve the integrity of the wooden flooring, even with strong changes in temperature and humidity.

After laying the floor boards is completed, the gap is closed with a plinth. Nails can be used to secure the boards, but they can rust and lift off the surface of the board over time. Therefore, for fastening it is better to use self-tapping screws with a length of 60 mm and a diameter of up to 4.5 mm.

What the logs on the posts look like is shown in the video:

A house or plot without a fence is like a general without an army: it looks completely undignified. In addition, the fence serves as protection from stray animals and partly from unwanted guests of the human race. Today there are many materials for creating a fencing structure - brick, concrete and hardware, mesh, but wood is still in great demand. Previously, supports made of the same material were used for wood; today, a wooden fence is installed on metal poles.

Features of wooden fences

Wood is always in demand because it has a lot of undeniable advantages:

• Naturalness.
• Decorative.
• Aesthetics.
• Unique color and texture.
• Low cost compared to fencing made from other materials.
• Excellent compatibility with architectural style any building.
• Ease of construction.
• Variety of options.

This list can be continued for a very long time. Of course, like any other material, wood also has disadvantages, namely its relative fragility. But this problem is currently being solved. There are many protective and antiseptics for wood products, the use of which will significantly extend the service life of the fence.

Properties of metal products

The advantages of metal support products include:

• Simplicity of installation work.
• Reliability and durability of the design.
• Strength.
• Resistance against static and dynamic loads.
• Possibility to use any fixation method.

The disadvantages of metal piles include the following: if a fence is used, the price will increase significantly, but if you consider that the use of metal supports will significantly extend the life of the fence, then such a disadvantage is not such.

Types of pipe sections

Metal poles are available in different sections:

• Square. Such products are easy to install in sections and are characterized by reliable connections. Parameters: height - 2.5-4.0 m, side dimensions - 6-10 cm, wall thickness - 0.2-0.4 cm.
• Round. If a metal pipe is used with a round cross-section, the price of the supports will be slightly lower, since they are cheaper than analogues of other types. Also, the use of products with a round cross-section makes it possible to select products of the desired thickness and diameter. Parameters: wall thickness - 2.5-3.5 mm, diameter - 5.7-10.8 cm, height - from 2.5 to 4.0 m.
• Rectangular. The only difference between these products and the square section is their shape, so all the characteristics are similar.

Material protection

In order for it to last for decades, it is necessary to protect not only the base material, but also the metal fencing elements. To do this, you need to cover the pillars with special paint. This will protect the metal from corrosion and mechanical damage. To prevent moisture from precipitation from getting inside the pipes, metal caps can be placed on the upper end.

The use of anti-corrosion technologies will help preserve the original quality of the material and its original appearance for a long time.

Site marking

Before you start making the fence, you need to make markings. To do this, first, where you plan to make a wooden fence on metal posts, you need to remove bushes, trees, and other objects that may interfere. If necessary, you need to level the soil surface. Only now the markings are being made. You need to do the following:

• Drive in pegs at the extreme points of the future fence.
• Stretch a string between them.
• Mark the places where fence supports will be installed. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that they are located strictly on the same line and at a distance of no more than 2.5-3 m. Otherwise, over time, the fence will begin to sag and lose its proper appearance.

Features of fastening support products in the soil

There are several ways to fix metal pipes in the soil, which allows you to choose the most suitable option.

If you are building a wooden fence on metal posts with your own hands, the cheapest option is to drive the pipes into the ground. To do this, a guide is installed inside these elements. To do the job, two people are needed: one hammers, and the other scrupulously controls the verticality of the support. Alternatively, you can not hammer the pipes, but dig them in, having previously prepared a well with a drill, then install the pipe and compact the earth well.

The following installation options are more labor-intensive, but also more reliable:

• Concreting
• Mounting on a concrete plinth.
• Usage screw piles. For complex ones, this is an excellent solution to many installation problems.

Installation of supports

What’s noteworthy is that the rules listed below are suitable for installing supports made of different materials:

• The supports must be buried no less than 1/4 of the entire product. This will ensure their reliable fixation in the soil. After this, so that the pillars do not become loose over time, you can first fill around them using crushed stone or brick chips, and then concrete them. Further work can be continued only after the concrete has hardened.
• They begin work by installing the outermost corner piles, carefully aligning them in height. Subsequent pillars are installed at the same level as the previous one. To avoid any undesirable changes, you can, to maintain the height indicator, dig in slats instead of the outer pillars, stretch string between them and then install the remaining supports, focusing on the desired height mark.

• How the posts should be installed - above the future fence, below or level - depends on the choice of the owner himself. But according to the recommendations of experts, a wooden fence on metal posts should be installed so that the supports rise several centimeters above the picket fence.
• To prevent the wind from twisting the fence on rocky, sandy and non-heaving soils, it is necessary to bury the supports no less than half the height of the fence.
• Widening the bottom end of the post will increase its strength and durability. A welded cross will serve as such an extension.
• After all the pillars have been installed, you can concrete mortar Make small cones at their base to drain water.

Installation of picket fence

When all the supports are installed, you can weld fasteners to them, on which the transverse bars - purlins - will then be fixed. Alternatively, you can weld the fastening first and only then install the posts. But then you also need to make sure that all the fasteners are on the same level and create a single line; this is the only way to attach the purlins without any problems.

Depending on what material the cross beams are made of - wood or a metal profile - the choice of fasteners also depends. If a wooden fence is fastened to metal posts using a metal profile, then it itself can be welded to the fastening, and wood products are fixed using bolts or self-tapping screws. If the cross beams are made of wood, then they are fixed to the fastening with bolts, but the picket fence is fastened with ordinary nails. The main thing is to ensure that there are no distortions or other violations. This can be done using a level, and the height can be checked using the same stretched string.

The picket fence can be mounted either tightly or with a small (or large) gap according to the chosen design. How to decorate the top of the fence? It can be anything - horizontal, at an angle, wavy. In this case, the second and third options are preferable, since due to the convex surface of the picket fence, moisture will not accumulate on its surface, as a result, the fence will serve for a much longer period of time.

All that remains is to make and install the wicket and gate. They can be made from wood, corrugated sheets, pipes, forging, since a wooden fence on metal posts goes well with any of them. The cost of the entire structure will depend on the choice of not only the material of the gate and wicket, but also all elements of the structure.

Installation of fences requires the use of high-quality fastening components that can provide the fences with the proper strength and durability. One of the most important structural elements In addition to fence posts, you can confidently call logs, or - . The veins are horizontal jumpers on which spans of fences made of corrugated sheets are installed, metal picket fence or wooden fences.The logs (veins) are attached to the supporting mainly for welding. However, today this is not the most best solution. Welded joints often do not look aesthetically pleasing, but the main thing is that over time they rust and require constant maintenance. The joints that have been welded must be constantly repainted, since during the fastening process damage to the protective layer of metal, which protects the structure from corrosion, is inevitable. It is also worth noting that welding cannot be used everywhere; in particular, this requires access to electrical networks, which are not always available in the places where the fence is being built. Using a generator incurs additional costs.

In this regard, today fastening connections are becoming increasingly popular: fasteners for poles and joists, as well as x-brackets. They are not much inferior in strength characteristics to welding, and at the same time have a number of undeniable advantages. Fastening connections greatly increase the speed of installation; in addition, already attached joists can be easily removed and installed back or in a new location. When installing fence spans using fasteners, damage to their painted protective layer is avoidedprimer enamels, galvanized or powder coating.

Fasteners for poles and joistsare made according to a different principle: bent metal elements from sheet metal, which are connected to each other by industrial welding, after which they are coated with zinc-containing primer and powder paint. Metal released different models and standard sizes.

X-brackets are produced by stamping from an all-metal sheet and subsequent processing of products by hot-dip galvanizing. The result is a cross-shaped structure with curved edges with holes for fastening to the fence post and attaching the logs.

Installationfastenings for fence posts and joists
Process , metal picket fence or wooden fences using fasteners is quite simple. On the fence support posts, markings are carried out at the places where the fasteners are attached. The fastener is applied to the table, a log is inserted into it, the horizontalness of which is checked building level. Then, the mount is screwed to the post using bolts or roofing screws. The X-bracket is attached using the same principle.

The fasteners are easy to use. Their use can significantly speed up installation processes and significantly improve the aesthetics, reliability and quality of fence construction. Our company provides turnkey fence installation services and performs individual species works: fence, from round and profile pipes, installation of logs using the welded method or using fasteners, installation of corrugated sheets and other construction work.

Types of fastening elements for fences
When building a fence, several types of fasteners are used:

In order for the erected fence to fully meet your expectations, it is important to take into account a number of basic factors during its construction: a high-quality choice of material, special tools and professional installation are the key to your success. Whether you plan to arrange the site yourself or use the help of specialized specialists, use the advice of a fence construction expert and instructions on how to do it correctly.

Is it possible to install a fence on fill soil or should you first build a fence and then raise and level the area?

Slopes, holes, ditches, ravines and hummocks are the natural character of the land's topography. Therefore, if you need a fence made of corrugated sheets “without steps” on top, it is better to level the area before starting construction. To do this, you need to bring in soil and, using special equipment, level it. This is a labor-intensive and expensive process. Moreover, it is quite long-lasting, since over time the earth will settle and part of it will be washed away surface waters(melt water, rain) or blown away by the wind to the neighboring territory. The soil will have to be brought in again. And only after this should you build a fence, otherwise, if you add and level the soil after installation, you can hit it and damage it with a tractor (large equipment) or move it with a pile of leveled soil. Ninety percent of the summer cottages where our company installed corrugated fences had an uneven ground surface. The photographs below show the results of the professional skills of skilled builders.

The masters of our company carefully and competently navigate slopes and uneven surfaces. A fence made of corrugated sheets with steps looks absolutely normal and natural given the height difference on the site. With wooden fences or chain-link fences, everything is simpler: the posts can be driven in along the relief, the mesh can be pulled along the slope, the boards can be nailed down, evenly lowered or raised, based on the characteristics of the construction site.

On which side of the fence should I place the posts and logs?

This is solely the desire of the owners summer cottage, paying the cost of the fencing. Someone is guided by considerations of safety and frame care, leaving inner side fence for themselves, others in good relations with neighbors and counting on the greater attractiveness of the colored side, they choose outside inside to the site. In any case, I would like to note that when choosing one-sided corrugated sheeting, the verified straight lines of the red-brown fence frame also look good on the white-gray side of the corrugated sheet.

Why do most companies paint the corrugated fence frame with a red-brown primer?

Metal primer GF-021 comes in two colors: red-brown and gray. And anyway the frame metal parts The fence must be tinted to prevent rust from creeping in. Most people do not do this regularly, as a result, rust is very noticeable against a gray background and is striking in its inappropriateness. With a red-brown coating, this is not noticeable; you can tint it based on your strengths and desires; besides, pillars and joists in this color look original on the white-gray side of the corrugated sheeting.

How to prevent theft of corrugated fence sheets?

In these troubled times, owners beautiful fences made from corrugated sheets, they are afraid that the corrugated sheet may be removed by intruders. There are two types of fastening it to the frame: with rivets or self-tapping screws. The following can be said about rivets: over time, under constant wind load, the aluminum part of the rivet wears out, which requires its complete replacement. They are also easy to cut. It is better to attach the corrugated sheet to self-tapping screws with a press washer that is larger in diameter than the head of the rivet. This will allow you to press the sheet better, and it will not rattle in strong winds. To prevent the self-tapping screw from being unscrewed, its head must be covered cold welding or drill out. Additionally, you can use long self-tapping screws or bolts and secure them with reverse side veins with nuts or welding. This will make it difficult to remove corrugated sheeting from the fence, and if it is stolen, there will be a significant decrease in quality, since when installed in another place it cannot be installed through the same holes.