For a homemade sander in household there are many possible applications. This is not just about a private house or personal plot, but also about housing in apartment building. With its help you can treat any surface. The degree of cleaning depends on the type and abrasive materials used. Unlike industrial models, a device assembled by yourself will be favorably priced, since the design budget will depend only on the craftsman. Possessing metalworking skills and basic knowledge In electrical engineering, you can easily assemble the device yourself.

Without thorough knowledge of the design of grinding machines it is impossible to assemble quality device with your own hands. Before moving on to the structure, let's get acquainted with the most common types of grinders:

1. Corner. Simply put, Bulgarian. Consumables are disks. Grinding wheels are designed for surface grinding. Pressure adjustment is carried out manually.
2. Tape. Surface treatment is carried out sanding belt. Suitable for working on flat surfaces only.
3. Delta sander. For processing products with a curved structure.
4. Vibrating. Ideal for finishing smooth surfaces.

In addition to the above, there are several more devices that are less common:

• straight;
• polishing;
• eccentric.

Regardless of whether the device is factory-made or self-assembled, the main design elements are:

1. Drive. The performance of the device depends on its power. Do-it-yourself devices use an electric drive, but there are pneumatic homemade ones powered by a compressor.
2. Gearbox. Transmits torque from the drive to the working tool. The basic part of the gearbox is the spindle.

The gearbox is an integral part of tools such as an angle grinder or a drill. Some models, especially those assembled with your own hands, can do without it.

1. Working platform. An abrasive material is attached to it. For this you can use circles, tapes, disks.
2. Frame. Protects the structure from mechanical damage and dust, which is why many factory models are equipped with dust collection systems. The materials used to make a device with your own hands, as a rule, are not able to compete with high-quality polymers that are used in the production of professional tools.
3. Control system. Includes turning off the power, as well as adjusting the abrasive speed.

Options for homemade designs

Making a grinding machine with your own hands is not difficult. The main thing is that it corresponds to the types of work that the master plans to perform. From an economic point of view, it is better to take components that are on hand. If you have to buy the components of the device, then the budget of a home-made device will be comparable to a factory model. All other things being equal, it is better to give preference to an industrial tool, because its quality is disproportionately higher.

Let's look at a few handmade devices. Perhaps one of them will suit you.

Do-it-yourself grinder from an angle grinder

As the name suggests, the grinder is designed for grinding. Cleaning discs successfully cope with rough work: removing old paint, removing metal deposits or traces of corrosion. For finer cleaning, special attachments made from sanding sheets of various grain sizes are sold.

Models for domestic use operate in one mode, and the number of revolutions reaches 15 thousand per minute with an average of 11 thousand. This speed is great for sawing materials, but it is too high for sanding work.

The grinder's motor has excess power. For polishing, 300–400 W will be enough.

A grinder made from an angle grinder will have more weight compared to a factory tool, but it is possible to adapt a homemade one for yourself, which will increase comfort when grinding.

For an angle grinder, you can make a simple attachment that will turn the device into a miniature one. In this case, work is carried out without a protective casing.

If you do not want to use devices, you can adjust the number of engine revolutions. Independent modernization of the circuit will require specialized knowledge in electrical engineering.

On professional devices, you can set the number of revolutions manually, however, their cost starts from $200.

Making a grinder from a drill

You can use a drill to build a productive belt sander with your own hands. IN in this case the tool acts as a drive. The design itself is simple and does not require significant investment. To make it yourself you will need the following materials:

• metal rods with and without threads;
• profile pipe;
• plywood;
• steel sheet;
• bearings;
• hardware;
• wood glue.

You should make sure that you have metalworking tools, an inverter and devices for sawing metal.

Stages of work:

1. Manufacturing of pulleys. The driving and driven pulleys are designed to transmit torque from the drill to the grinder. They are made from plywood.
   
2. By changing the diameter you can obtain the desired torque. One pulley consists of several round timbers, which are connected using wood glue. In the center it is necessary to drill holes for steel rods. After the glue has dried, the workpieces are modified by making a groove that must correspond to the width of the drive belt.
   
3. Manufacturing of drive and driven shafts. They are also made from plywood, similar to pulleys. More round logs should be prepared for them.
   
4. We collect bottom part. To do this you will need a profile pipe. First of all, it is necessary to make mountings for the bearings and connect them. This is the base for the working shaft.
   
   
5. Let's do top part. The tension mechanism will be attached to it.
   
6. We make the thrust part from a steel sheet.
   
7. Drive installation. Please note: for normal work it is better to take a powerful drill.
8. Finishing work. All that remains is to install the pulleys, tighten the drive belt and assemble the protection. After this, the hand-assembled device needs to be coated with paint.
   

For small and precise work, it is better to purchase compact drum or plate type attachments, depending on the type of work.

Homemade grinder from a computer hard drive

From the old hard drive you can assemble a small grinding device, the main advantage of which will be the complete absence of investments, with the exception of the cost of abrasive wheels. The DIY manufacturing process is as follows:

1. Open the case and remove all elements located next to the magnetic disk.
2. According to the size of the upper part of the drive, cut out a circle of sandpaper of the desired grit.
3. By using double sided tape We fix the paper on the surface of the disk.
4. We make a casing that protects from dust or abrasive grain.
5. To start the design, the hard drive must be connected to the computer's power supply.

This DIY device will allow you to do small jobs, such as grinding contacts, sharpening files or tweezers. The rotation speed depends on the factory settings. The average value is 7200 rpm.

A homemade sander will not have an attractive appearance factory tool, but good performance and low assembly costs compensate for this disadvantage.

Have you tried assembling a grinding machine with your own hands? What did you use as a drive? Share your invention experience in the comments.

If you need a grinder for occasional work with wood and don’t want to spend money on professional equipment, you can assemble a power tool yourself using scrap materials, as in this project.

Materials

To make a grinding machine with your own hands you will need:

• suitable electric motor;
• fasteners;
• grinding disc;
• pieces of plywood;
• sandpaper;
• drill;
• saw;
• roulette.

In this project, the basis of the tool was an old electric motor from air compressor. It is powerful enough to finished product worked no worse than special equipment for wood processing.

Step 1. Be sure to attach the purchased grinding disc to the existing engine. This will help you decide on the parameters of the pedestal for the motor.

After careful calculations, assemble the base from boards or pieces of plywood. Be sure to secure the motor to it.

Step 2. Cut out a base for the disk from plywood, carefully sand the edges of the cuts with sandpaper. Using the motor pulley, mark the holes in the center of the disc. Use a drill to drill them, and bolt the pulley and the round plywood base together.

Step 3. Essentially grinding tool ready, you will need to secure the disk itself to the plywood base, and you can work calmly. Or, as in this project, you can assemble a box from leftover lumber to make the power tool look nice, and also display it on it facade part tool launch button. Before assembling the box, be sure to make careful calculations.

You should work with the resulting tool extremely carefully and in compliance with safety rules. The rotation speed of the disc is high and the likelihood of grinding your nails or injuring your hands when processing small parts is high.

One of the main methods of processing wood (after cutting, of course) is sanding. Manual method has been known for a long time - a wooden block is wrapped in sandpaper, and with the help of such a simple device the workpiece is given the required shape.

The method is unproductive and requires considerable physical effort. Craftsmen who work with wood regularly use small-scale mechanization.

Types of grinding machines

There are a variety of ready-made devices on sale that can be used to process wooden blanks any size. To understand the mechanism of operation, consider some of them:

Based on the name, the working surface is made in the form of a disk.

The design is quite simple - a circle with good rigidity is put on the axis of the electric motor. The outer surface has a Velcro-like coating on which it is attached sandpaper. No gearboxes or drive mechanisms are required. The grinding force is small, the rotor axis can handle the load quite well.

A hand rest is installed in the transverse plane, at the level of the center of the disk. It can have a hinged mount, which allows you to process workpieces at a fixed angle.

A feature of disk machines is the adjustment of processing speed without changing the number of axis revolutions. You simply move the workpiece along the radius of the circle. With a single angular velocity, linear speed on the periphery above.

A strip of sandpaper, joined into a continuous strip, is stretched between two shafts.


Moreover, in work area does not sag under workpiece pressure. A persistent working plane made of material with a low coefficient of friction is installed under the tape. By pressing the material being processed to the plane, the operator receives an endless abrasive surface.

The quality and ease of processing cannot be compared with with hand tools. For mass production wooden products, such a sled is an indispensable attribute of any workshop.

Main feature– predictable result throughout the entire plane. You can level the ends of a sufficiently long length.

The working surface can be horizontal or vertical, as well as the direction of movement of the belt.

Such a device can be classified as a grinding unit with some stretch. The main application is horizontal leveling of planes using the jointer method.


The principle of operation is as follows: sandpaper is attached to one or two drums. The most common method is spiral winding. Below, under the drum, there is a flat table. The distance between the processing surface and the table is adjustable. By setting a fixed height, you can calibrate products of the same type, leveling the thickness of the workpieces.

Two-in-one grinding machine

To save space (and money), manufacturers often combine two types of fixtures in one design.


This not only reduces acquisition costs, but also improves ease of use. When processing one part, you can take advantage of two grinding units at once: disk and belt. In this case, one engine is used, and the load on it does not increase much.

Almost all types of work with wood are associated with its finishing or preparing wood for work or household use. For this stage of work, grinding is mandatory. wooden parts. Those who love to tinker at home or professional craftsmen know how important it is to sand the wood well, round off sharp corners, and remove extra millimeters and burrs. Grinding machine woodworking tool is an excellent tool for such work.

Wood sanding work

There are two methods - manual and mechanical. For the first one, emery is used, which is quite labor-intensive and time-consuming. Emery can be attached to wooden block, there are also special holders-pads for it. The second method is carried out using a power tool, it is quick and requires a minimum of effort. Some DIY work cannot be done as efficiently as grinding machines and cars.

Several types of such devices are made:

1. Angle grinder or grinder. Used for rough grinding of large objects - logs in bathhouses, wooden houses. The grinder uses an emery or similar grinding wheel of different grits.
2. Grinding machine with vibration operating principle. Due to the reciprocating movements of the surface and the sole, grinding occurs. The sole is attached with clips or Velcro and has different shapes, vibrations are carried out at a speed of 20,000 movements per minute.
3. Orbital or eccentric machine. Its sole rotates simultaneously around its axis and in orbit.
4. Belt sander. Used for rough and finishing large surfaces.

Its mechanism is quite simple; it consists of two rollers or rollers on which an emery belt rotates. The design of the tape device is the same for all ( external view may differ slightly) and consists of:

• the working body is an abrasive belt and two drums on which it rotates, one is the drive, the other is the driven;
• electric motor;
• the basics of the machine (if it is stationary), bed, work table.

The speed of such a machine can be changed. The tape is placed both vertically and horizontally.

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The process of making a grinding machine and machine yourself

Manufacturing stages:

• select and prepare the necessary spare parts and materials (described above);
• make a stand for the machine, table, base, secure it;
• install a tabletop of the required length (the longer, the more more sizes material can be processed);
• vertical racks with tensioner and drum are mounted;
• install the motor and drums;
• install sanding tape.

As an example, a conventional mass-produced belt sander is taken. You can make such a device or a similar one if you have spare parts from broken power tools and quite available materials. In such a machine, the abrasive belt moves along the base of the device with the rough plane outward.

For grinding large parts, a grinding machine is made sufficiently overall dimensions, the principle of its operation is the same as for smaller devices. It can process parts measuring around 2m or larger.

To assemble such a device, you need an electric motor with a power of approximately 2 kW or more, the number of revolutions is 1500. You can do without a gearbox, since such a motor easily reaches speeds of 20-25 m/s; the drum size in diameter is 20 cm.

The engine can be taken from a used washing machine. The frame is made of thick iron sheet with parameters 500x180x30 mm. On the one hand it is cut into milling machine, a place for the motor will be mounted here. The dimensions are: 180x160x10. It is attached to the frame with three bolts; holes are drilled in it for them. The engine must be secured tightly to prevent vibration.

The design consists of two drums, one firmly fixed on the shaft, the second tensioning, it rotates on bearings around an axis. The tension of the grinding surface is adjusted by pulling it to one side. The base for the machine is made of wood, or better yet, metal plates. This base plate is made from three sheets of thick plywood, textolite. The second shaft is equipped with a bevel, ensuring a smooth touch of the tape to the edge of the table. Drums are made from wood board(chipboard), take the blanks and grind them into lathe up to a diameter of 20 mm. It can be made 1-2 mm larger in the center, so the tape holds tighter. The spindles of the circles are made of two single row ball bearings.

The emery tape is cut from sheets, its optimal width is 20 cm. It is mounted on a frame (sole) along which it moves. This machine is also used for sharpening tools. The length of the table on which such a machine is mounted determines the size of the parts that can be processed on it, so the longer it is, the better for different sizes of material.

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Using devices: features

Devices of this kind are used for:

• curved planes using a free grinding surface;
• for flat surfaces with a stationary table or manual mechanized movement;
• for the ends of parts, edges;
• For preparatory processing under paintwork.

You can design a grinder, the frame of which will be made of wood. By equipping it with three shafts, an inclined horizontal and vertical working plane is obtained. This device has a wooden frame, which effectively reduces vibration. The wood is used like maple; it is quite soft and at the same time durable. The working surface is lined with plastic, but it can be made entirely of wood. It is made so that it can be tilted. The length and dimensions of the tape are selected according to the size. It moves along three wooden pulleys. The upper lever with the drum is equipped with a spring, this allows you to tension the tape. The position of the belt is adjusted by a guide pulley with two adjustable bolts.

In operation, this design looks like this: A motor with a 90 mm drum rotates another one measuring 75 mm, and that, in turn, rotates a third. Rotation is carried out using an abrasive belt. Thus, the device has one vertical grinding surface and one inclined one.

The frame is made of six elements, it is attached to a base made of plywood 25 mm thick. The supporting parts and frame are made of wood, these are the base of the bearing supports, the table rockers, the rear pillar, the upper arm, and the plane for the material being processed. The bearing supports must be placed on a sufficiently large block, on which the support on the bearings of the drive shaft is mounted.

Rollers, drums and pulleys are made from 7 or 8 glued pieces of 6 mm thick fiberboard, cut to the appropriate shape. They have a hole for bearings. The axis on which the drum with bearings rests is made of metal. For the axles, you can take shafts from broken electric motors; they are smooth and already polished. The two guide pulleys have the same design. Ball bearings are used, ordinary ones, they prevent lateral sliding of the drums if the belt does not move accurately.

The design may differ in the size of the parts. For the frame you can use various materials– metal, plastic.

A do-it-yourself sanding machine is made from actually very necessary “trash” that is found in every workshop or pantry. The tool is used for final processing of parts, grinding, and rounding corners.

There are several types of such devices. The most common is a grinder with a vibration operating principle. One of its main elements is a flat sole attached to the base. It transmits movement from the motor to the abrasive surface. The harder you press the device, the more powerful the vibration movements will be. This type of machine operates at a low speed, it is noisy, and your hands get tired quickly, but at the same time, such a tool is cheap and compact.

A subtype of such a device is a device with a deltoid sole, which is moved forward.

Grinding machines types and purposes

Tape devices. This machine works on a different principle. Ribbon abrasive material(sandpaper), glued into a ring, rotates on spindles. When working with it, you do not need to use much force, since the rotation of the tape is quite fast. Such machines have speed control functions, a system soft start. For more precise work, tape machines have a support frame. When operating such a tool, a lot of dust arises, so they often have a dust collector or the ability to connect to a vacuum cleaner. Various attachments can be attached to the spindles.

Eccentric device. This is the most versatile type among sanders. It can process almost any surface and material. This device is ideal for curved planes. It has a round platform. The rotating abrasive is attached with special clamps or Velcro. The sole of the machine performs both rotational and vibrating movements at the same time.

Angle grinders. They are electromechanical and pneumatic. Quite versatile, they can cut, grind, and clean stone and metal surfaces. The device is very similar to an angle grinder, basically it is an angle grinder, but with special circles.

Polishing machines differ from angled ones only in the polishing attachments.

Straight grinders perform small jobs with high precision processing. The spindle is parallel to the frame, like the shaft of a pen. Such machines are light in weight and small in size and can be manipulated with one hand. Their main purpose is grinding corners, processing edges and small surfaces, such as planks and lintels. They look like a thick pen and are used to engrave, cut and polish small objects.

Multifunctional sanders. They can combine several types of devices in one device, for example, vibration and tape machine, using replaceable attachments.

Do-it-yourself grinding machine video

Tools and materials for assembling a sander

• wooden blocks, metal elements for the base table;
• sheets of plywood, chipboard;
• old motor, computer hard drive, power unit;
• bolts, screws, bearings, self-tapping screws;
• screwdriver, screwdrivers, drill;
• spring, steel, metal, textolite plate;
• welding inverter, if such work will be carried out;
• abrasive tape, circle, glue.

Making a grinder from a hard drive

Now it’s not a problem to get a broken hard drive from a computer (but the circle must spin up) and an old computer power supply. If there is no home, then any repair center will sell them for pennies.

Such a device will be oversized for small parts. It is done simply: the disk is disassembled, an abrasive is glued onto the rotating plane, connected to the power supply - the device is ready. It must be mounted on a workbench for stability; it can be equipped with a regulator, a servo tester for adjusting the speed and a switch.

Corner grinder made with your own hands from a grinder, just make the necessary nozzle-circle from an abrasive. You can, of course, make it from scratch by choosing the required electric motor, placing it in a casing, and attaching handles. But you need to remember about the safety of working with such a tool.

Belt grinding machine, machine. Such devices consist of:

• working body: abrasive, two drums, leading and driven. There may be more drums in the machine;
• electric motor;
• casing, machine base, frame, table.

The do-it-yourself machine is equipped with a speed change function; the belt can be placed both vertically and horizontally.

Stages of manufacturing a belt sander-machine

• Preparation;
• equip a frame base for the machine, it is rigid and stable;
• select a tabletop; the larger it is, the more large-sized parts can be processed;
• fix the racks with tension parts and rotating drums;
• fixing the engine and drums, installing an abrasive belt.

To process large parts, they do dimensional machine. To do this, take an electric motor; it is well suited for used, fairly powerful household appliances, such as a washing machine.

The frame is made from thick metal sheet.

You do not indicate the dimensions of the sheet, since in any case they depend on individual preferences and the availability of materials, maybe, for example, 500x180x30 mm, more or less. A cutout for the motor is milled into the sheet, all this is attached to the frame, required holes They are drilled for fastenings. All parts, and especially the engine, must be tightly mounted so that there is as little vibration as possible.

The motor does not need to be equipped with a gearbox if it is powerful enough. The machine is created with your own hands from two drums, one is firmly fixed on the shaft, the other is tensioned and the degree of tension can be adjusted.

The frame is created from thick wooden parts, but it can also be made from metal ones. If you have the right metal and an inverter for welding, it can be welded. The support plate is made from thick plywood, I take several sheets, textolite is also suitable.

The second shaft is beveled, so the tape will smoothly touch the table. For drums take several chipboard sheets, they are glued and ground to the required diameter, they are made several mm thicker in the center, so the tape will hold well. Single row ball bearings are used for drum spindles. The abrasive belt moves along the frame on which it is mounted.