A lot of work has been done on some parts and components of the machine. And now the moment has come when the repaired elements can be attached to the base and little by little the machine can be recreated. But now the question is that we have eliminated the old foundation, but have not yet created a new one. In this part of the work we will begin to develop and manufacture a new countertop. But in fact, this is the stage at which a new modification will be created lathe based on the STD-120m model. And accordingly, we will assign a new model index to this modified machine, STD-120AMG. The main requirement for modification is to reduce its length. The only solution that will allow you to realize your plan will be to move the electric motor behind the frame and turn it one hundred and eighty degrees. We created a preliminary design of the foundation in the Compass-3D program.

The design length of the tabletop is almost one meter and the width is forty-five centimeters.

Fifteen-millimeter birch plywood will be used as the material for the countertop.

Additionally, with the help of small bars, the base will receive a frame around the entire perimeter. Which will make the structure more rigid and externally aesthetic.

Let's start trying on. Lay out the base blanks. The bed supports and the electric motor will be mounted on additional elements type of podium.

Subsequently, we will cut the edging bars flush with the elements of the podium, that is, we will make them at the same level.

After trying on the components and assemblies of the machine, we begin cutting plywood. We cut the base of the tabletop and two additional elements for the podium to the specified size.

After this, from the remaining material, we cut five identical parts rectangular shape. Later we will put them in a stack and connect them together. This will give us a stand for the electric motor.

The stand will have a rather complex configuration. We drill holes in the first upper element (layer) and install four cage nuts with M6 threads into it. These nuts and four screws will be used to secure the electric motor.

In the fourth element we will also install four cage nuts, but with M8 threads. Using these nuts, the stand will be fixed to the tabletop.

In the fifth element we install four nuts with M6 threads. They and four long furniture screws will tighten this entire “sandwich” into a monolithic stand - a pedestal.

Before twisting all five elements of the stand, we coat each layer with PVA wood glue. Then we screw in the screws and tighten them evenly in a cross pattern. When the layers are glued together, they will become a monolithic piece.

The stand is ready, now we install the engine on it. We fasten it with four M6 threaded screws.

Next we move on to working on the base again. We mark the holes for attaching the stand and drill them. These holes should allow for adjustment of the position of the electric motor. It is necessary for precise positioning of both pulleys relative to each other.

Now we mount the frame on the base.

At this stage of work, we measured the interaxial distance of the electric motor shafts and the spindle. This parameter helped us calculate the length of the drive belt. Details about choosing and calculating the length of the belt will be written in the next article. After purchasing the belt, we tried it on. Everything turned out as expected. In general, we were pleased with the result. But the work with the drive does not end there. You will also need to calculate the belt tension system. We will also write about this in detail in the corresponding article.

After the first fittings have been carried out from the tabletop, we dismantle the frame and the electric motor. Now let's start working on the edging of the tabletop. Here we immediately provide for the possibility of installing a rear wall. To do this, we install seven mortise nuts with M6 threads into the block.

The tabletop is ready.

Mortise nuts that were previously installed in the block.

Cut and screw the plywood. Its width corresponds to the width of the base, but the final height will be determined as further work progresses.

In order not to break the mortise nuts, we will reinforce the back wall with additional fasteners. To do this, we will install special corners. These used to be shelf brackets. To fix the corner we will also use mortise nuts with M6 threads.

The woodworking machine STD 120 m is present in many carpentry workshops of schools and vocational schools. It is used to teach children and students the principles of processing wooden blanks and production of wood parts.

However, one should not think that this is only training manual. STD 120 m is a full-fledged lathe, often used for domestic purposes and in small woodworking enterprises.

1 Purpose of the machine

The good news for the buyer is that the lathe comes complete with all necessary tools and devices needed for processing wood (chisels, cutters, abrasive tools).

Given The device is designed to perform the following operations with wooden blanks:

• cutting;
• turning;
• trimming;
• drilling;
• groove cut.

Roughing long workpieces carried out at minimum speed using a wide edge (semicircular chisel).

All finishing operations are carried out on high speed using or abrasive tools.

1.1 Device features and specifications

STD 120 m is made on the basis of the STD 120 device. Outwardly they are similar, like twins, but a specialist will immediately feel the difference.

Unlike its predecessor, STD 120 m is equipped with additional levels of protection both the engine and the carpenter. In addition, the engine has also undergone modernization, which has become much quieter.

1.2 Wood lathe STD 120 (video)

1.3 Equipment

1. Bed. This device is equipped with a cast frame with a support element, which significantly increases its characteristics in terms of strength and durability. To increase stability and also reduce vibration, the frame is screwed to a wooden base - a table or workbench.
2. Work node. The working unit consists of a front and rear headstock, as well as a tool holder for installation and uniform movement of abrasive or cutting tool along the workpiece.
3. Protective casing with viewing window. The casing closes work area to avoid injury, the viewing window allows the carpenter to see where, what and how to remove from the workpiece.
4. Electromechanical drive. This part of the lathe is designed directly for rotating a wooden workpiece. It includes an electric motor with a rotating shaft. This part of the mechanism also includes two two-stage pulleys, one of which is mounted on the shaft, the other on the headstock spindle, and a V-belt. This The device allows you to switch operating speeds machine by transferring a belt from one pulley track to another.
5. Button block. This part of the unit is designed to control the machine. The button block is installed on the headstock.
6. Local lighting lamp installed on the body.
7. Replaceable spindle attachments. Such spare parts are needed for installing workpieces of different lengths and diameters on a lathe. These include a central fork with a chuck for installing and securing short workpieces and a faceplate for clamping wooden workpieces large diameter, but of short length.
8. Safety fence. This part of the structure covers the mechanical part of the electromechanical drive. It is equipped with an electric lock for opening the lid to prevent fingers from getting into the pulleys and belt rotating during the grooving process. If you try to open the lid while the engine is running, the engine stops in less than 1 second.

2 Device features

The woodworking lathe model STD 120 m, like the STD 11019 m, is optimal for training and work of novice mechanics.

It is as safe as possible and has the following features:

• the push-button control unit is located on the headstock, which makes it as accessible as possible to the user;
• The device is equipped with a protective fence with a viewing window. The viewing window is made of soft elastic plastic, the protective skirt is made of canvas. Thus, during the work process, only the carpenter’s hands are in the working area;
• by transferring the belt to different grooves of the shaft, it is possible to change the speed of rotation of the workpiece. The transfer unit itself is protected from intrusion during engine operation;
• To absorb dust and chips, a dust suction unit can be additionally installed. Installation of one block is possible on two machines at once;
• The lathe is equipped with a local lighting circuit, which greatly simplifies the work. To power it, a transformer is provided that reduces the voltage.

2.1 Technical specifications

To fully and safely use the device, You need to carefully study its technical characteristics:

• unit weight 100 kg;
• dimensions: 1250*575*550 mm;
• The lathe is connected to electrical network 380 V;
• unit power 0.4 kW;
• maximum diameter of wooden workpiece 190 mm;
• maximum workpiece length 500 mm;
• number of shaft rotation speeds: 2;
• the spindle speed range is within 1100 – 2150 rpm;

2.2 Pros and cons

Before talking about the advantages and disadvantages of this unit, it is necessary to recall that this device is intended, first of all, for training carpenters.

Among the advantages should be highlighted:

• small dimensions, which allows you to place the required number of machines in one classroom;
• durability of the unit;
• maximum safety;
• availability of all the right tools and functions for training.

If we talk about this machine as a training machine, It is unlikely that any shortcomings will be found. If we consider it as a full-fledged lathe, the following should be noted:

• three-phase motor (impossibility of powering from a 220 V network);
• maximum length of the workpiece is 500mm (it is not possible to make a holder for a shovel);
• There are only two speeds.

2.3 Operating rules

The woodworking lathe model STD 120 m must be installed and tightly fastened with bolts on a wooden horizontal surface (table, workbench) at a height of 600 - 800 mm from the floor.

During operation, the protective screen must be lowered. If the machine does not have a chip control unit installed, the canvas skirt must also be lowered. Chips should be removed from the work area regularly and the screen should be wiped with a clean, dry cloth.

For switching speeds, removing chips, adjusting or measuring workpieces, lubrication of machine components you need to turn it off and wait until the spindle stops completely.

At the end of the work, the lathe must be disconnected from the power supply and the tension of the V-belt should be loosened.

After this, the working area must be thoroughly cleaned of chips and the workplace must be removed.

Place all tools in a storage box. Be sure to apply a neutral lubricant to unpainted areas, such as the frame guide.

At least once a year or after 500 hours of operation, the lubrication of all rotating components should be checked.

If the lubricant is missing, dirty or darkened, it must be replaced.

2.4 Workpiece requirements

• the wooden blank must have a diameter larger than the future product by at least 10 mm.
• it can have the shape of a beam with a square cross-section or a round cross-section. If the workpiece initially has a square cross-section, it is better to cut the corners using a plane to reduce vibration and runout;
• wood used for blanks must be dried. The maximum permissible percentage of humidity is 20-25%;
• not allowed to use wood products, having knots or chips, as well as decentered (deformed) during the drying process;

2.5 Features of repair of the STD 120 m machine

This device requires a standard set of maintenance and repair work: periodic lubrication of rotating components and replacement of worn parts.

Trying to disassemble and repair the engine yourself is strictly not recommended.

The installation is designed for processing short wooden pieces. The small dimensions of the unit allow it to be located in small spaces. The equipment is quite simple, so it is called a school machine. The unit is especially appreciated where high precision is not required. Critical points of the working area are protected. Directional illumination of the workpiece, improved electrical diagram, waste disposal plant distinguish this equipment from its analogues.

Purpose

The machine is used to process rotating parts by applying cutting tools to them. The workpiece is clamped on both sides by a faceplate and a chuck. A cutter is fed into the working area, which has 2 freedoms of movement - along and across the workpiece. If you attach a drill to the chuck, you can make an axial hole.

Using this equipment, the following operations are performed:

• processing flat surfaces using a faceplate;
• longitudinal turning of wooden parts;
• facing, rounding and trimming the workpiece at various angles;
• axial drilling.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages include the following characteristics:

• mobility;
• durability of components and parts;
• perfect security system;
• availability of all equipment necessary for passing full course for working on a lathe.

This installation is suitable for studying, but professionals generally do not use it, because:

• the installed three-phase motor makes it difficult to connect in rooms where a household electrical network is installed;
• the maximum length of the workpiece is 500 mm, this greatly limits the capabilities of the unit;
• the two-speed mode does not allow performing a number of high-precision work.

Design

One of the attractive features is that the device is quite simple. The lathe installation diagram is shown in the figure.

The machine consists of:

• three-phase electric motor,
• headstock and tailstock,
• button block,
• assistant,
• spindle,
• lantern,
• belt drive,
• center-forks.

• enclosing screen,
• protective casing,
• beds,
• flywheel,
• quill,
• carriages,
• handles and locking nuts,
• sinuses for discharging wood processing waste,
• other small parts.

Headstock device

The unit is a shaped cast iron casting. Two radial bearings are inserted into the bored holes of its body. The spindle rests on them, which is the connecting shaft between the drive pulley and the faceplate. The pulley transmits rotation from the engine to the faceplate, chuck or other device through the spindle.

At the bottom of the housing there is a rotation control unit. A lantern is installed on top.

Tailstock

This is a support for the workpiece. The bed moves along the platform on runners. Fix the device with a bolt fastening. On top there is a quill - a cone tip holder, sharp end which enters from one side into a wooden blank.

Specifications

In the registration certificate, which is the main document turning equipment, the following data is provided:

• weight - 100 kg;
• dimensions - 125 × 57.5 × 55 cm;
• power supply of the electric motor from a 380 V network;
• motor power - 0.4 kW;
• workpiece diameter - up to 19 cm, length - up to 50 cm;
• spindle rotation speed - 1100 and 2150 rpm.

Equipment

The delivery set contains a list of a number of items:

• machine STD-120M,
• protective casing with viewing window,
• replaceable spindle attachments.

Recommendations for use

When using a lathe, you must adhere to the following rules:

• The unit must be installed on support table with wooden or metal table top height 600–800 mm. Fastening is done with bolts.
• The floor must be covered with rubber before installation.
• The protective screen must be lowered during operation.
• When cleaning the unit and the area around it, power power block needs to be disabled.

study the structure of a lathe using wood STD-120 M and become familiar with turning techniques.

Maybe you have already encountered working on this machine?
Do you know anything about this topic?

Several sites will help you consider this topic in more detail:

The presentation I prepared will also help us get acquainted with the structure of the STD-120 M lathe:

Design of the STD-120 M lathe

You also need to know the basic characteristics of the machine you are studying so that you know what products you can make with it.

Main technical characteristics:

The largest diameter of the workpiece being processed is 190 mm.

The longest turning length is 500 mm.

The spindle has two rotation speeds: 980 rpm and 2350 rpm.

The supply voltage is three-phase 380 V.

The height of the centers above the bed level is 120mm.

Distance between centers 500 mm.

Electric motor power 0.4 kW

Machine dimensions: 1250 x 575 x 550 mm.

Net weight = 100 kg, gross = 120 kg.

Tools you will need when working on the machine:

The set of the lathe - STD - 120 M includes four cutters (two semicircular for rough turning - peep and two in the form flat chisel– Maisel for finishing turning). To perform the work provided school curriculum, this is enough, but to expand the range of products performed in lessons, without homemade instruments can't get by. From used files and chisels, I made homemade turning tools. Unlike traditional ones, a cutter for rough processing has two or more cutting edges simple sharpening. Thanks to this, the cutter does not drift to the side during turning, like a semicircular one. Therefore, it is safer to operate. For ease of use, there are two cutters for finishing, sharpened to one edge with left-hand and right-hand sharpening. By removing thin chips, they provide high quality treated surface. The shaped turning cutter has a semicircular cutting edge. Unlike the factory semicircular one, it is easier to sharpen. When internal turning, first make a hole with a small diameter drill, which is then drilled out with a drill larger diameter. After this, we proceed to boring, for which we will use homemade cutter, treated surface. The shaped turning cutter has a semicircular cutting edge. Unlike the factory semicircular one, it is easier to sharpen. When internal turning, we first make a hole with a small-diameter drill, which is then drilled out with a larger-diameter drill. After this, we begin boring, for which we will use a homemade cutter.

To prepare the workpiece for processing on the STD-120 M machine and get acquainted with the techniques of turning the workpiece, we will watch the video:

YouTube Video

We will get acquainted with similar lathes in the following video clip:

YouTube Video

Now let's get acquainted with the safety rules, since working on the machine is dangerous! ! !

Safety rules before starting work

1. Put on your overalls correctly, fasten the cuffs of your sleeves with buttons, avoid tying them with a ribbon, and hide your hair under your headdress.

2. Check the presence and reliability of fastening of protective guards and the connection of protective grounding (grounding) to the machine body.

3. Arrange the tools in a certain order on a side table or on a special device, remove all unnecessary items from the machine.

4. Check that there are no knots or cracks in the workpiece, plan the workpiece to the desired shape, and then securely fasten the workpiece in the rotating centers on the machine.

5. Install the tool rest with a gap of 2-3 mm from the workpiece and secure it to the height of the center line of the workpiece.

6. Check the serviceability of the cutting tool and its correct sharpening.

7. Check the operation of the machine at idle speed, and also check the serviceability of the starting box by turning its buttons on and off.

8. Before starting work, put on safety glasses.

Safety rules during operation

1. Feed the cutting tool onto the material only after the working shaft reaches full speed rotation.

2. Feed the tool smoothly, without forceful pressure.

3. Move the tool rest towards the workpiece in a timely manner, preventing the gap from increasing.

4. To avoid injury while operating the machine:

Do not tilt your head close to the machine.

Do not accept or pass objects through a running machine.

Do not measure the workpiece until it is completely

stopping its rotation.

Do not stop the machine by braking with your hand

details

Do not leave the machine without turning it off.

Safety rules after finishing work

For wood, designed for processing small-sized elements from different varieties wood The unit has advantageous features that distinguish it from its predecessor, namely that critical working areas are protected by fencing, equipped local lighting. In addition, the main electrical circuit has been modernized, a system for reducing vibration and noise levels has been provided, and an installation for removing dust and chips using a mechanized method has been developed.

Purpose

The STD-120M school lathe is used for light wood processing by central interaction, using a faceplate and chuck, as well as for basic drilling. Its functionality includes the following:

• Sharpening of cylindrical and profile rotating elements.
• Ability to trim, round and cut workpieces at different angles.
• Perform turning along the marked profile.
• Drilling.
• Processing of flat diameter surfaces in decorative and profile terms using a faceplate.

The STD-120M is brought into operation by starting the electric power plant. The motor is located on the left side of the unit. Torque is transmitted through belt interaction. This process is facilitated by a pair of pulleys: the first is mounted on the motor shaft, the second is mounted on the headstock spindle.

Arrangement

The STD-120M machine has some device features, namely:

• The rotation speed is changed by throwing the belt onto certain grooves on the shafts.
• The control unit with buttons is located on the headstock, which provides the most convenient access to the controls during operation.
• Spindle-type attachments can be changed; they are included in the standard equipment set.
• The work area is protected by additional curtains with transparent windows.
• You can remove chips and other debris using the optionally connected cleaning unit.

The accuracy of the operations can be increased by special lighting, the operation of which is controlled by a step-down transformer. Electrical interlocking design with switch increases operational safety.

Front headstock of the unit

This unit of the STD-120M turning unit is used for mounting and fixing the workpiece with the subsequent transmission of rotational moments to it. This element consists of a solid cast iron body open type. It has a pair of holes bored along its axes, which serve to accommodate radial, spherically made bearings.

The working spindle is a shaped shaft made of steel, which has a thread on the right for mounting a chuck, washer and other special attachments that fix and process the workpiece. At the left end there is a two-stage pulley type drive, activated by an electric motor. On both sides of the headstock there are hatches with felt padding. The spindle is started and stopped using a control unit located on the housing.

Rear element

This part of the STD-120M machine provides support when servicing long products, as well as securing the chuck, drills themselves and other tools. The rear element of the device consists of a frame and a quill sliding along the guide grooves of the body.

On one side of the movable sleeve there is a hole adjusted to a cone, where a back stop, a cartridge or a drill with a corresponding end stop is placed. A bushing with an internal thread is inserted from the opposite side by pressing. The set screw ensures easy movement of the quill and prevents it from rotating around its own axis.

The torque redistribution element is combined with a threaded bushing, on one edge of which a flywheel is installed, secured with a nut. The quill is secured in the required position using a clamping handle. The tailstock is fixed using a nut, a block (washer) and a bolt. To lubricate the working elements, special holes are provided in the housing.

Main and removable devices

The STD-120M wood cutting machine is equipped with several basic elements, namely:

Electrical equipment and technical parameters

Regarding the electrical equipment of the turning unit, it can be noted that there is a network connection AC with three phases (380 V) with a neutral, which is tightly grounded. The distribution cabinet also contains a lighting transformer.

The technical characteristics of the machine are given in the table:

Unit name	Wood lathe STD-120M
Height of centers (cm)
Maximum length of workpiece processed at centers (cm)
Maximum diameter of serviced workpieces (cm)
Maximum length of workpiece turning (cm)
Spindle revolutions per minute
Frequency (rpm)
Power supply (V/Hz)
Number of electric motors
Motor Rated Power (W)
Unit length/width/height (cm)

Operational Features

The wood lathe STD-120M does not belong to the category of professional equipment; its main purpose is to familiarize students with the basics of a turner’s work. It is subject to increased security measures.

To ensure the stability of the processing tool, it is better to make the base steel or concrete. Its height must be at least 60 centimeters.

In addition, some operational features should be taken into account:

• The wood workpiece must be free of cracks and knots.
• The humidity of the part is allowed no higher than 20 percent.
• Large elements must be processed at minimum speed.
• At least once a year or after five hundred hours of operation, you need to lubricate moving elements and check the equipment for deformation and malfunctions.

Before execution repair work and servicing the machine, you should study its structure, and also read the operating manual in detail.

Conclusion

The turning unit in question is designed for processing wooden workpieces and drilling holes. Its main purpose is home use, training for beginners and schoolchildren. When operating the equipment, you must take precautions and follow the recommendations specified in the instructions.