Successful composition is the main element of any scrap-work. A good composition is a harmonious composition!

What is composition?

Composition- compilation, unification of all elements of a work of art into an organic whole, expressing figurative, ideological and artistic content. Literally, composition (from the Latin “compositio” – compilation, composition) is the construction of a work of art. The concept of "composition" was originally used only in architecture, and then spread to painting, music and other arts.

Basic elements of scrap work

Any scrap-work (album page or postcard) can be divided into the main constituent elements:

• main element
• substrates
• journaling
• header
• decorations

Album page elements: the main element is a photo. The title is missing.

1. Background- the main bottom sheet of paper on which the rest of the page elements are glued.

2. Title– a word or phrase that helps convey the meaning of the page (optional).

3. Journaling is a text for conveying emotions, memories, important dates (optional element).

4. Substrate- an element that lies under the photo.

5. Jewelry- page decor elements.

The main element of scrap-work is its semantic center. On the page, this element will be a photo; on a postcard, it can be a picture or a flower arrangement.
The main element should attract attention and therefore should be highlighted.

A harmonious composition gives us the opportunity to get acquainted with all the elements of the page, does not strain our eyes and smoothly guides it from the periphery to the center.

The main element of the composition is composition center. The compositional center serves to focus the viewer's attention on the details of the composition.

Ways to select the compositional center:

• color (an element of a different color is highlighted)
• size (larger element is highlighted)
• shape (an element that differs from others in its shape is highlighted)
• concentration of elements in one place (around the main element, the concentration of substrates and decorations)
• compositional pause (a place free from elements in the composition will attract the eye)

In addition, there can be two compositional centers in a composition, but one of them must be the main one, and the second one must be secondary, subordinate to it.

An example of using 2 composition centers, when one is larger (main), and the second is smaller. Composite centers are located along an increasing diagonal.

Techniques for creating a harmonious composition:

1. Golden Ratio

The golden ratio has been known since ancient times, it was studied by Leonardo da Vinci and Euclid.
Rule of the golden ratio: the best place to place the main element of the composition is 1/3 along a horizontal or vertical line. This arrangement attracts the eye and looks natural.

Arrangement of compositional centers (1,2,3,4) according to the rule of the golden section.

Placement of the compositional center according to the 1/3 rule on the postcard.

2. Diagonal

Arrangement of page elements with traceable diagonal. Explicit diagonals on the canvas give the work dynamics and energy. But when working with diagonals, do not forget that one diagonal is associated with growth, and the opposite one is associated with a fall.
In composition, a diagonal line drawn from the lower left corner to the upper right corner is perceived better than a line drawn from the upper left corner to the lower right.

Diagonal layout of composite elements.

Placing the composition center diagonally

The human brain is designed to view an object from left to right. That is why it is better to place the semantic center on the right side, then the gaze will move towards it.

Scheme of the direction of view on the compositional center.

Placing the compositional center on the right side of the postcard

4. Accommodation

Important elements of the composition are best placed in groups so that they are not randomly scattered over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe sheet. No need to strive to fill every centimeter of the sheet with decor. By leaving empty spaces, you will fill the work with "air" and it will be airy, not burdensome.

Successful placement is along compositional axes that lead the viewer's eye, creating the impression of movement or rest. These axes can be vertical, horizontal, diagonal, and "perspective" (leading into the depth of the work). Elements can be placed along one axis, or you can select multiple directions.

Scheme of placement of compositional elements along compositional axes that set the direction of movement of the gaze.

Placing a composition along the horizontal composition axis

Rules of harmonious composition:

1. The presence of a dominant

Each work should have a pronounced semantic center of the composition.
The compositional center (or several compositional centers) helps to set the desired trajectory of eye movement, hold the viewer's attention and form a complete composition.
The absence of semantic and compositional centers leads to the fact that the gaze rushes over the surface, there is nothing for which it can cling, attention is scattered.
This happens when they try to fill every corner on the page, arrange everything so that there is no empty space.

2. Wholeness and unity of the composition

The integrity of the composition is expressed in the connection between the elements of the page or postcard. The elements of the composition should be related in style, color, and content. Knowledge of scrapbooking styles and their basic elements and the rules for combining colors will help you with this.

3. Balance.

Balance in composition is the balance of all elements.

To find errors in your work, try stepping away from your work and looking at it from a distance. Composition flaws are also immediately evident. Try to take a picture of the work and look at it after a while. If the photo of the work makes you uncomfortable, you still need to work on the composition.

To master the composition, you can use ready-made sketches, which are many on the Internet.

Sketch- this is a small sketch, a sketch of the future drawing. A sketch in scrapbooking is a ready-made template that outlines a work plan for a composition.
A great way to learn for a beginner is to do a sketch task. For example, on the website of the USC (open scrap club) there are tasks for sketches.

Have you ever wondered why some works of art are pleasant to look at, while others are not? The reason for this is the successful or unsuccessful composition of the depicted elements. It depends on her how a picture, a statue or even a whole building is perceived. Although at first glance it seems that it is not easy to foresee everything, in fact, creating a composition that will be pleasing to the eye is not so difficult. However, for this you need to know about the laws, principles and other components of it. Let's find out about all this.

What is design and what are its features?

Before considering the features of the composition, it is worth learning about such a concept as design. Although this word is often used in the modern lexicon, not everyone knows about its meaning.

This is the name of the type of artistic and technical activity aimed at the formation of a harmonious subject environment that most fully satisfies the material and spiritual needs of the individual.

When creating a composition in design, two of its components are always at the forefront - practicality (functionality) and aesthetics (external beauty).

Kinds

The design itself is very versatile. Nevertheless, several of its main types can be distinguished:

• Graphic - aimed at creating fonts, icons, corporate identity, various visual communications, etc. All images of this kind are created on a plane.
• Industrial - specializes in the development of machines, appliances, equipment, furniture, utensils, clothing. In this case, the work is carried out not on a plane, but with a volume.
• Architectural - is aimed at the development and construction of structures and their complexes (including the interior). The creator in this environment works with space.
• The most complex, as it is aimed at developing a complex-dynamic system of the human environment.
• The sphere design is one of the new species. It includes ecodesign, futuristic design, etc.
• Results-oriented design. This type includes web-design, computer and art design.

What is composition and why is it needed?

This word comes from the Latin compositio and means a harmonious combination of various elements of a work in such a way that they create the impression of a single whole.

Composition in design is the arrangement and connection of the parts of the product, due to their layout. It must correspond to their purpose, as well as the artistic and figurative intent of the creator, which reflects the likely expectations of the end user of the designed product.

A little difficult, isn't it? In simpler terms, the phenomenon under study is the creation of such a work that the customer will like. Based on this explanation, it is clear that the purpose of the composition in design is to attract the attention of a potential buyer.

Well, although the hero of the film "Gloss" explains his goal a little harshly: "The artist's business is to feel what is for sale ... What is not for sale is not art!"

Geometric and compositional center: what's the difference?

So, what is the composition? First of all, creating it, you need to find a compositional center. Its purpose is to draw the audience's attention to the entire work. In fact, it is this detail that is the anchor that should "hook" the one who sees the finished product.

In addition to the compositional, in any work, a geometric center also stands out, which is actually its middle.

For a better perception of the work, of course, it is better when these two centers coincide, but this is not always the case.

There are a number of ways to focus on the compositional center, even if it is not located in the middle:

• Highlight it with color.
• Highlighting using a different shape from other elements of the composition.
• Highlighting with special lighting.
• Highlights due to contrasting size compared to other details.

Composition elements

There are various classifications. Most experts agree that there are three main ones:

• A dot is a graphical accent on a plane.
• Line - in form it is characterized by extension or development on a plane in one coordinate direction (in length).
• Spot - unlike the above elements, it usually fills most of the graphics plane.

The main types of composition

As a rule, three basic types of composition are distinguished.

• Frontal - implies filling the entire plane with an image. As a rule, it is used when creating ornaments, carpets, mosaics, etc.
• Volumetric - refers to three-dimensional arts (architecture, sculpture, ceramics). In most cases, in order to view a product of this kind, it is necessary to go around it from different angles, since it cannot be completely captured by the gaze from one angle.
• Volumetric-spatial composition in design - consists of several volumetric works located in space at certain intervals.

Compositional laws

Although each creator is guided by his own taste (or the desire of the customer) when creating a design, there are certain laws of composition that still have to be observed, and not always understood. The fact is that they were identified on the basis of many years of observation by psychologists of the ability of the human brain to perceive certain combinations of elements.

So, there are three laws of composition:

• wholeness and unity. Thanks to them, the work is perceived as a whole, despite the numerous details. This law is based on two components - the indivisibility of the composition (the inability to perceive it as a collection of individual components) and the need for communication and consistency between the elements of the composition (for this it is important to track how all the details are "friendly" with each other and whether they are separated from each other) . The specificity of this law lies in the fact that it applies only to the field of composition in the design of works of art.
• Equilibrium. This is a state in which all elements are balanced with each other. Balanced parts of the whole acquire the so-called visual stability. Basically, this state is reduced to a balance in expressiveness. The balance in the product can be static (the image seems to be steadily stationary) and dynamic (its components give the impression of movement).

• Subordination. This is the subordination of all compositional details to a single author's intention. In fact, this law implies the creation of a hierarchy in the work. According to it, the dominant (the center of the composition) stands out, to which all other elements are subordinate.

Facilities

Considering the features of the composition, one cannot ignore such a question as the means for its creation. After all, it is they who help the creator to convey his idea as accurately as possible in the work. For many artists, the means are better known as the principles of composition in design.

Paradoxically, when all of them are observed, it is difficult to understand them. But if at least one is broken in the finished work, it immediately catches the eye. Let's look at them in order to know what you should pay attention to not only when creating masterpieces, but also when considering and analyzing them.

• Contrast is a sharp difference between elements, their opposition according to certain criteria (light and dark, long and short, etc.). In this way, the expressiveness of the finished work is enhanced. Contrast can be both one-dimensional and multidimensional.

• Nuance - minor differences between elements in a composition within the same category. There are one-dimensional and multidimensional nuances.
• Identity. This is the name of the repetition of elements of the same, similar in quality. Such as size, shape or tone. Identity is a sign of the static nature of the whole combination.
• - this is the uniformity of the distribution of parts relative to the geometric center. It is mirror, axial, mirror-axial and screw. Asymmetry is the lack of symmetry. Although our brains are geared towards uniform images (they do not perceive this balance as well), sometimes asymmetric solutions are more than impressive.
• Rhythm. Although it seems that this phenomenon is characteristic only of music, it is also an important tool for the art of composition. In this area, rhythm means the alternation of various elements in a certain sequence. One of the most important is the repeatability of details (forms), as well as the intervals between them. Such repetitions are uniform, decreasing and increasing.

• Modularity is a universal design tool, but there is still no clear definition of the term "module". In general, it is customary to refer to a value taken as the basis for calculating an object.
• Proportionality - consistency, harmony, as well as proportionality in the combination of something. It is often perceived as proportionality. This tool is used in architecture or art.

• Scale is the most important means of architectural composition. It determines the ratio of the size of something (parts, divisions, details of the structure), which allows you to create a harmonious combination of them with the size of a person and the objects surrounding him. This tool is based on two principles: the human individual is the measure of all things; scale is determined by the ratio of individual parts and the whole.

Physical properties of the form

When creating a composition, it is always worth remembering that all depicted objects have certain spatial properties:

• Geometric view. It is determined by the ratio of the sizes of geometric shapes according to the three coordinates of space, as well as the nature of the surface of the form. There are three types of shape: three-dimensional, flat, linear.
• Magnitude is a property that is judged in relation to human dimensions or other shapes.
• Position. Geometric figures can be located in relation to each other or the viewer, both closer and further, above, below, to the left or to the right. Also, forms can be located in relation to others at one or several levels at once.
• Color is one of the most important properties that can cause different visual sensations in accordance with the spectral composition of the light they reflect / emit. It has characteristics such as hue (hues), saturation (degree of brightness/fading) and lightness (reflectivity of the color surface). Usually, colors are usually divided into warm (from yellow to red) and cold (from green to purple). Such a division is associated with the energy spectral balance: warm shades carry most of the energy, while cold shades carry much less. As scientists have proven, color actively affects the human psyche. It can cause a variety of emotions and experiences (please, upset, invigorate, oppress). That is why well thought out in the design of any product is so important.

• Chiaroscuro is a property that is characterized by the distribution of dark and light areas on the surface of a figure. It facilitates the perception of volume and relief by the observer, and is also able to visually generalize or dissect the volume or surface of an object. By the way, the relief of an object and its three-dimensionality are perceived as such precisely due to gradations and transitions from more illuminated areas to less.
• Texture - creates a visual image of the composition and is one of the main sources of tactile information. By the way, it is the difference in textures that makes it possible to distinguish similar substances in a black and white image: metal and water, snow and paper, etc. When planning a product, the choice of its texture is just as important as the choice of material. After all, the same substance can look very different with different processing.
• Texture. It plays the same important role in the process of perception of the finished composition as the texture. After all, with its help it is possible to determine the signs of the structure of the material from which the object is made. Most often, this property is characteristic of wood, leather, and fabric. Textures very often act as a decorative element in the development of the project. A successful combination of texture with texture is primarily used to convey the natural quality of the material, revealing its aesthetic originality. In the case when the texture or texture of the substance is expressive, their impact on the viewer can be more effective than the influence of the product form itself. At the same time, their excessive flashiness can sometimes cause the opposite effect.

Fonts in composition

In addition to all of the above, inscriptions (fonts) play a very important role in creating the original design of something.

They are constantly used to design plaques, signs, inscriptions on packages or labels of industrial products, etc.

It is not uncommon for a type composition in design to play not only the role of a source of information, but also provide the aesthetic quality of the human environment.

Depending on the purpose, the following categories of fonts are distinguished:

• Graceful.
• Massive.
• Strict.
• Picturesque.

The main aesthetic criteria when choosing one or another type of letters is the harmony of their proportions, the beauty of the pattern of each of them, readability, clarity and proportionality. To achieve these goals, dozens of new typefaces are created every year to meet the growing demand for original design.

1) Types of plant material by functional purpose.

2) Signs (terms) of harmonious composition. Composition elements.

3) Means of composition

4) Principles of building a flower arrangement.

Plant material according to its functional purpose is divided into three types:

1) Linear (shaping) - is the basis (skeleton) of the composition, which sets the height and width of the composition. It can be tall stems of herbs, flower plants, branches, a curved vine.

2) Focal - is the main (dominant). They can be large or bright flowers, flowers of an interesting shape, etc. Focal material is used in any compositions to attract visual attention.

3) Filler material - these are small-flowered plants or leaves that are used to mask fasteners, vessels, fill the voids of the composition and give it additional color shades.

4) In addition to flowers, you can use a variety of twigs and fruits of woody and shrubby plants, creepers, cereals, vegetables and fruits. The green mass balances the contrasts and evens out the background.

Composition features.

1) Integrity.

2) The presence of a dominant.

3) Balance.

Composition elements.

1) Lines. Especially relevant for linear compositions

2) Mass is the concentration of color in one place, often made up of small flowers that are difficult to use alone. It can also be formed from leaves or needles. The mass thickens the color of individual colors, creates an accent, creates a visual sensation of weight and strength.

3) Color - is a means of creating an expressive composition that evokes certain emotions. Much attention is paid to the combination of coloring of flowers, vase and background.

4) The color and shape of the vessels - simple, modest vases should be selected for the composition, not too bright, not painted. The universal colors of vessels are: white, black, gray, green.

5) Space (emptiness) - can be an important decorative element in many flower arrangements. The alternation of empty and filled places sets a rhythmic massive style, suggests the complete filling of emptiness, linear - freedom and lightness.

6) Background - should be a harmonious whole with plants and a vase. The background is able to transform the arrangement, enhance its impact or “kill”. Multi-colored bouquets are lost on a motley colored background, and plain ones merge with a pale background of the same shades.

7) Texture - (structure, surface character) rough, smooth, glossy, matte, rough and delicate.

8) The number of colors - must be taken into account for a harmonious arrangement and harmonious perception. Flowers, branches and greenery should not crowd and cover each other. The more different colors are placed together, the more difficult it is to perceive and the worse it is preserved due to different biological conditions of detention.

1) Dominant - the main part of the arrangement, in the first place should not clog other elements. A spectacular accent can be a beautiful flower or a group of them, an original large leaf, a beautiful line, or even emptiness. All other components of the composition obey it, enhancing its impact on the audience.

2) Volume - in any arrangement, height, width and depth should be clearly visible. The arrangement will not be expressive if the same distance between its main components or additional plants are spaced at equal intervals. Flowers and branches should create the impression of volume, diversity, i.e. they should not be in the same plane. The elements should be located at different heights, which makes the bouquet voluminous, but in such a way that the rhythm and balance are not disturbed.

3) Rhythm (repetition) - with a good rhythm in the composition, both form and color alternate. Rhythm can be created by changing the size of the flower (from large in the center or at the bottom to medium and small at the top and on the periphery), from bright to dull, from lighter to darker, from coarse to soft, etc.

4) Contrast is a common technique in arrangements that creates intrigue, emotionality, and expressiveness. (large leaf and thinly curved branch, glossy surface and pubescent leaves, conciseness and intricate lines). The contrast gives the arrangement dynamics.

5) Proportionality is maintaining the proportion between the vessel and the arrangement elements. The classic ratio is 3x5x8 (the rule of the golden section). For a low vase, we will take its width as three parts; the height should be equal to five parts. When choosing the proportions of plants and a vase, the structural features of the plant material are taken into account. Some plants look better in low squat vases, others in tall ones.

6) Balance is the visual and physical balance of the composition. A visually balanced composition is perceived as heavier at the base (neck) of the vessel and lighter at a distance from it. It is achieved by the distribution of colors, sizes and the creation of different densities of plants within the form. Dark tones (dark red, blue, purple, brown, black) are perceived as heavy. Light - light colors (pink, white, blue, yellow, orange). Indefinite colors include green and gray.

7) Scale is the ratio of the size of the bouquet and the size of the room.

1) Each flower should be clearly visible and not buried in greenery. To do this, as necessary, leaves are removed from live or artificial leaves, leaving the most beautiful and necessary.

2) In any composition there should be a focal point, it should not be too expressive, otherwise the whole arrangement loses its meaning.

3) The arrangement can be one-sided (frontal) or circular. One-sided arrangements are made up of flowers with different stem lengths so that only the front side is filled. Plants with a long peduncle are placed in the background, with a short one - in the foreground. Flowers should be directed towards the viewer, and greenery can fill the composition from all sides. Larger leaves or brighter colors are placed in the center. Frontal compositions can be small or large. Circular arrangements are made so that the flowers are visible from all sides, they are unfolded so that they look to the outside of the composition and are not turned inward. Tall plants are placed in the center, shorter and curved plants are placed in a circle on all sides. Arrangement greenery is located inside and outside the arrangement.

4) In any arrangement, vertical stems should not intersect, this is only permissible when there is a special plan.

5) To emphasize the color of flowers in the composition, you need to take a lot of flowers, but to show the original structure of the flower, one or two are enough (iris, lily).

All design elements in a composition are never on their own. They are in a certain interaction with each other, subject to a certain single idea. And in order for the whole composition to look harmonious and natural, and not fall apart into separate components, it is best to follow the basic principles of design.

The question arises, is it possible to learn the principles of design. It seems to me that there are no specific exercises to learn these principles. All these skills are already embedded in our perception. Since each of us intuitively feels a harmonious composition, or not.

Rather, all of the following principles must be taken into account and observed when building a composition. You need to be able to see them in other people's work and be able to describe your own work based on these principles. And one more thing, it is easiest to talk about these principles when they are violated. Because when they are observed, everything looks harmonious anyway.

4.1. Balance is the balance of interacting or opposing forces in a composition. In such a composition, there is no feeling that some part of it dominates over everything else. Balance can be achieved with proper object placement, object size, and color. The balance can be symmetrical (top picture), asymmetric (bottom picture), radial (objects are located in a circle and diverge from one point.

4.2. Contrast - it is the interaction of opposite elements of the composition, such as color, size, texture, etc. Examples of contrast: large and small, rough and smooth, thick and thin, black and white

4.3. This principle involves the allocation of the so-called center of interest, which is supposed to focus the attention of the viewer. Objects must be in a hierarchy of importance and subordination. If all objects have the same importance, then the user's attention is scattered.

4.4. In essence, this is the control of the movement of the viewer's gaze as he moves around the site in order to draw his attention to significant elements.

4.5. Proportion - this is the relation of a separate part to the whole object, as well as the ratio of individual parts to each other. This example shows the Golden Ratio.

4.6. Scale - this is the real, visible size of the object, considered in relation to other objects, people, the environment.

Repetition and rhythm

Involves the repetition of design elements to achieve a specific goal, such as to set the direction of the gaze or for continuity of attention.

Unity in Diversity

It involves a combination of various elements of the composition into a single holistic structure, subordinate to a single concept.

Application of composition rules.

Submission of information.

In order to learn how to build complex compositional schemes, express one's thoughts, convey the idea of ​​a work, develop a sense of unity and balance in oneself, in addition to knowledge of the basics of composition, one needs talent and many years of training. Throughout the existence of fine arts, artists, architects and photographers have identified a huge number of compositional schemes, using a number of means to achieve composition.

In addition to complex works of art, following the rules of composition is just as important for the correct presentation of information. Whether you take an advertising picture of any product, place graphic information on a website or a banner, provide a finished product for approval by the customer, you cannot do without building a composition.

The information provided should be in the compositional center. To do this, it must stand out in one of the existing ways. Lighting is best. If the subject is light, position it against a dark background. If the object is dark - vice versa. Try not to use a colorful background, it can distract attention.

Don't forget integrity. If there are several objects, do not arrange them randomly. It is best to build them in the form of simple geometric shapes. Try to keep balance while doing this.

If the object should not be located in the center, it is better to place it on the right so that the eye moves towards it, since we read and view the image from left to right.

Hello! Now we will analyze an equally important topic in web design, which is given to many with great difficulty, and indeed not to everyone. This theme is called composition in the design of your site. In fact, it is much more difficult than it seems at first glance. You can master this if you practice a lot, view or analyze the work of the best web designers. However, before you go to practice, you need to get proven, correct knowledge. That is what we are going to do with you now.

Before we start learning the basic principles of composition, we must also know that each element of the site does not have to be on its own. It must interact with the elements surrounding it and harmoniously fit into the overall picture. This is perhaps the main rule that you should remember and always be guided by. Well, now let's proceed to the first principle of harmonious composition in design.

Balance

Your design composition can be balanced. Balance is like a balance between the elements of the site in the composition. Such a composition does not give the feeling that some part of it dominates over all the others. This can be done by proper placement, coloring and setting the correct sizes of various objects.

The balance can be symmetrical, that is, objects ( two gray circles) in this case are located at the same distance with respect to some third object ( black circle). Simply put, symmetrical balance is a synonym for same". In our case, two gray circles are located at the same distance in relation to the large black circle. (picture below).

Also, the balance can be asymmetrical. Asymmetry is the exact opposite of symmetry. This means that the objects are not located at the same distance with respect to some third object. Another balance is radial. In this case, the objects are located in a circle and diverge from a single point.

Contrast

Contrast is certain web design elements that emphasize each other's importance when placed side by side. For example, it can be white and black, large and small, thick and thin. In the figure, we see black at the top left, and white at the top right.

If they stand side by side, the contrast will be noticeable. As a result, there will be the most attention. Also, if you take something big and thick ( the shape of a square in the extreme, lower left corner), and take a small, thin ( stripe shape in the far right corner), and put them side by side - there will also be a contrast.

Significance and subordination

This means that in any website design there is a certain area on which the visitor's attention is focused. This is the place that a person’s eyes immediately fall on as soon as he enters the site. All objects on the site must have a hierarchy of importance and subordination.

In other words, more important objects tend to be larger, brighter in color and contrast. In general, they attract the most attention.

This is done very simply by changing the size, shape, color, texture, highlighting shadows and other elements that can highlight the object and attract attention.

Direction of attention

In fact, in web design, you should, as it were, make a path out of which a person should walk to where you need to go. For example, you need a person to order an iron on the site:

• First you need to get his attention. You make a big and bright headline.
• Next, in the subheading, bring the person to the topic.
• In the text, with the help of a photo and a description of the benefits, lead him to make a purchase.
• At the end, you already show the price to the person and invite him to click on the button " Order a product«.

The whole process should go as described above. It should not happen that a person visits your site and the button " Order” or the price itself, and only then the title. A person may see a high price and, without knowing about all the benefits that you offer him, most likely will leave.

This cannot be allowed.

You must manage the visitor's attention. All this is done, as in the previous examples ( using size, shape, texture and so on).

Proportions

Proportions are the ratio of the sizes of figures in relation to each other. That is, two figures can be exactly the same in appearance ( for example, as in the picture, the bottommost is black and the topmost is white), but only one will be larger and the other smaller.

All sides, angles, diameters and other characteristics, just increase or decrease by a certain number.

Scale

Scale is the actual size of an object, viewed in relation to something ( for example, in relation to other objects, people, earth, and so on).

By the way, in any graphic editors ( for example, in), when you need to increase or decrease the size using a magnifying glass, you will be shown the scale of the image in%. I hope you understand what scale is.

Repetition and rhythm

Quite often, we will need to somehow attract the user's attention, but one object will not be enough for this. It will be necessary to repeat this object or, in other words, duplicate it. It can also be used to keep the visitor's attention.

Unity in Diversity

Quite often it is necessary to make one complete picture or structure from different objects, which should fulfill a certain goal or idea. This is the whole point in the unity and diversity of the composition.

So, these were all the basic principles of harmonious composition in the design of a website or blog. Always try to abide by these principles. In general, study and implement!