Nail plates. Metal toothed (nail) plates - MZP: for the manufacture of wooden trusses Galvanized nail plate application

Metal toothed plates (MTP)– these are steel elements 1...2 mm thick, which are obtained by stamping and have sharp metal teeth on the working side different shapes and lengths

each of which has its own functional purpose, photo 1. MZP, thanks to its teeth, their shape, angle of inclination and location, provide high strength of fastening to wood.

MZP - application of plates, their types and characteristics, installation

Photo 1. Metal toothed plates

MZP are intended for installation of roofing and other structures made of wood. minimum wages have optimal thickness, shape and number of teeth for the construction of structures with the following spans:

  • up to 12 m – rafter trusses, interfloor trusses;
  • up to 30 m – arched and frame structures;
  • up to 10 m – beams.

You should know that mainly designs using MZP are carried out in industrial conditions. This is especially true for such structures as:

  • wall panels;
  • floor beams;
  • covering trusses.

This is explained by the fact that in production it is possible to easily fix structural elements in the exact design position, and allows robots to perform with high accuracy (±10mm) and quality. Photo 2 shows the design components using MZP.

Photo 2. Assemblies and structures using MZP

To accurately fix structural elements at the enterprise, it is necessary to use the following equipment:

  • hanging press bracket with conductor;
  • mobile press;
  • stationary press.

Metal toothed plates are made of galvanized cold-rolled steel. The steel has a zinc coating with a thickness of 14...17 microns.

Metal toothed elements are used not only in industrial housing construction, but also in private ones. Also, with the help of MZP it is possible to install wooden formwork and manufacture packaging containers.

The main types of MZP are divided depending on their thickness, and the thickness determines the width of the plate and its area of ​​application with different sections beams Most manufacturers produce MZP of three thicknesses: 1; 1.2; 2 mm, tab. 1. Below are their main parameters.

Table 1

Types of minimum wages

Position

MZP-1.0

MZP-1,2

Purpose

For connecting elements up to 38 mm thick

For connecting elements up to 60 mm thick

Material

Galvanized steel

Galvanized steel

Plate thickness

Plate width

Plate length

Any length multiple of 25 mm starting from 50 mm (at customer’s request)

Additional plate sizes
  • width: 45; 54; 63; 81; 108 mm;
  • length: 45; 70; 95; 120; 145; 170; 195 mm (for each additional width plate)

Tooth height

There are MZPs that can be used to connect wooden beams with a thickness of 70 mm or more. Manufacturers offer the following plates depending on their thickness:

A) with a thickness of 1.2 mm:

  • length – 160…340 mm;
  • width – 80…140 mm;
  • teeth length – 14.8 mm.

B) with a thickness of 2.0 mm:

  • length 160…400 mm;
  • width 80…200 mm;
  • teeth length - 23.5 mm.

Depending on the country of manufacture, minimum wages may differ:

  • according to the material of manufacture;
  • by shape and number of teeth;
  • plate thickness.

In MZP elements, the teeth are located very often to ensure that the wood works for crushing and not for chipping. The density of teeth can reach 70 pcs/dm2.

Minimum wages are produced with:

  • unidirectional arrangement of teeth (Russia);
  • bidirectional arrangement of teeth (Poland, Finland, Germany).

The most common design of MZP plates with unidirectional teeth is a slight shift of adjacent longitudinal rows relative to each other. The main disadvantage of plates with unidirectional teeth is the different strength and deformability of the teeth, the value of which depends on the angle between the axis of the plate and the axis of the force, as well as the angle of direction of the wood fibers to the axis of the force. However, there is a more improved design of the MZP, in which the teeth have different direction– parallel to the sides and diagonals of the square (it turns out to be a “herringbone”).

The most common minimum wages in construction market are the following types (systems):

  • Ganges Neil (Europe);
  • MZP-1.0; MZP-1,2 and MZP-2 (CIS countries);
  • Arpad (Hungary).

Feature of the system Arpad is the arrangement of teeth in rows with different angles, directed towards each other, so that when pressed into wood, they become jammed and the overall strength of the connection increases.

The types of minimum wages considered to be the most effective Gang Neil And Arpad, however, every year the design of metal toothed plates is increasingly improved by leading manufacturers.

The main characteristics of the MW are given in table 2, 3.

Table 2

Main characteristics of connections from MZP

Designation

Stressed state of connection

Characteristic angle α, β, γ

hail

Design load-bearing capacity of connections with type plates

MZP-1,2

MZP-2

R (MPa) working area of ​​connection

Wood crushing, tooth bending at angles between the direction of the fibers and the acting force β

Rр (kN/m) width of the working section of the plate

Tension of the plate at the angle between the longitudinal axis of the plates and the acting force α

Rav (kN/m) length of the cut section of the plate

Shear of the plate at the angle between the longitudinal axis of the plate and the direction of the shear force γ

Table 3

Design load-bearing capacity of MZP

Type of stress state

MZP thickness, mm

Design load-bearing capacity R (kg/cm) at angle α in degrees

Stretching

Installation of MZP plates

For one simple connection, two plates are needed - one on each side. To obtain a connection with high strength, it is necessary to use a special press that fixes the exact position of the plates and ensures the required speed of pressing the teeth into the wood.

As noted above, the installation of the minimum wage and assembly of the main elements (structures) is carried out in the workshop, and then the finished structure is transported to the construction site, photo 3. The plates should be placed so that the rows of teeth are parallel to the grain of the wood of the element that absorbs high forces.

Photo 3. Manufacturing and installation wooden structures with minimum wage

The main advantages of the minimum wage

  1. Possibility of arrangement of connecting elements in one plane.
  2. The overall wood consumption is reduced.
  3. Relatively low weight of the entire structure.
  4. The ability to install wooden structures without the use of special lifting equipment.
  5. Relatively low labor intensity installation work. Work on the installation of grooves and tenons in the elements is excluded.
  6. Reducing financial costs when transporting and installing wooden structures.
  7. High durability of MZP elements and structures using them.
  8. The joints are relatively strong compared to adhesive and nail joints.
  9. The optimal number of people for the construction of wooden structures with minimum wage is 4...5 people.
  10. Possibility of constructing wooden structures of any complexity.
  11. Exists software, which allows you to speed up the process of designing wooden structures, eliminating the possibility of making gross errors in calculating the strength of connections and selecting the required section of composite beams.

Photo 4. Main advantages of minimum wage

Main disadvantages of minimum wage

  1. For the manufacture of wooden structures with MZP, a perfectly flat platform is required.
  2. The need for special press equipment that provides the maximum and required joint strength. Manual installation MZP (press-fitting) is not recommended, as it significantly reduces the strength of the connection. The technology for constructing wooden structures using MZP has not become widespread in private housing construction, since it requires the use of special equipment and is almost always carried out in an industrial workshop.
  3. Since the Gang-Neil systems are mainly used, one of the main disadvantages is miscellaneous work plate and his teeth in different directions.
  4. When a load is applied to the plate along the main axis, its bending strength of the tenons will be minimal.
  5. The weak point of the teeth of the plates is at the base, where minimum value bending rigidity.

Konev Alexander Anatolievich

At all times, buildings and structures made of wood have been popular, despite main drawback material - its flammability. But the tree has a huge amount positive qualities, such as: availability of this material, strength, environmental friendliness, relatively low weight, ease of processing. All this makes wood construction popular today. And the fire resistance and durability of wood began to be successfully improved, impregnating the material with special compounds. With all the popularity wood construction, there was always a problem with strong fastening wooden parts designs. It is necessary to take into account that wooden building elements, as the degree of their humidity changes, constantly change their size and are prone to bending. As a result, large and long-term forces arise at the places of their connections and abutments. You also need to remember that, as a rule, based on low weight and elasticity wooden buildings, they are often built on light foundations and even without a foundation at all. And this often leads to a change in the geometry of the structure, and as a result, the emergence of all kinds of stresses at the joints of the structure. Therefore, the issue of reliable, strong connection of wooden parts (beams, beams, boards, etc.) is very important during construction.
An excellent solution to the problem of reliable connection wooden elements structures and steel nail plates (SNP). Mass construction of wooden structures using metal toothed (nail) plates originates in North America. And currently, designs using connecting plates are widely used throughout Europe. With the help of industrially produced truss structures Based on the plates, you can build almost any type of roof, attic, attic space, skylight, etc. Roofs using nail plates are applicable in all types of structures. These are, for example, residential buildings, industrial, agricultural, sports and commercial buildings. The plates are also indispensable for the reconstruction of buildings and flat roofs. In addition to rafter structures, this technology can be used to produce wall panels, lattice frames, and formwork for concrete structures, large-span premises made entirely of wood. The possibility of creating trusses with a span of more than 30 meters without internal supports (for example, tennis courts), which has arisen in connection with the use of connecting plates, is widely used.
The idea of ​​nail plates is simple and the efficiency is extremely high. The cost of a nail connecting plate is minimal, and the assembly time of the structure is reduced.
- this is not at all analogous to a pile of driven nails, each of which is on its own.

The shape of the teeth and their angle of inclination, arrangement in rows, guarantee strong adhesion to the tree. All teeth have a common monolithic platform-base, which eliminates the possibility of their mobility and swinging. The base platform also becomes a common, connecting basis for two interconnected structural parts. As a result, the strongest connection is ensured even when parts are put together end-to-end. For example, a beam assembled from two butt-joined wooden beams when trying to break it, it broke not in the place where it was stitched with nail connectors, but in the monolithic part of the beam.
Galvanic coating provides additional durability to the steel nail plate.
All of the above convincingly indicates the advisability of using nail connecting plates in the construction and construction of wooden structures for any purpose.

It is used for fastening the rafter part of the house, as well as for connections in frame housing construction. It is a strip (plate) made from galvanized steel sheet with stamped nails (teeth). Production of nail plates using cold stamping method hydraulic press allows you to obtain high-quality connecting elements. Standard insert teeth are 8 millimeters high. One nail plate can have from 2 to 16 rows of teeth.

The thickness of the nail plate is from 1 millimeter, the width can be, depending on the standard size, from 20 to 132 millimeters, and the length can be from 76 to 1250 millimeters. With the help of metal toothed connecting plates, wooden structural elements such as boards, beams, beams lying in the same plane can be connected without the use of nails, screws and other fasteners.

Why fastening can be a problem
The issue of fastening is very important due to the characteristics of wood and its “behavior” depending on weather conditions. With changes in humidity levels, wooden building elements decrease or increase in size and are often subject to bending. As a result, large and long-term “stresses” arise in the places of their connections and abutments. The reason for this may also be the construction of a light foundation or its complete absence (which is possible given the low weight and elasticity wooden structures), leading to a change in the geometry of these structures.
When using metal plate provides increased corrosion resistance connecting element, which favors its operation in conditions high humidity, as well as when performing external work.

Properties of nail plate
The connecting nail (toothed) plate has important advantages compared to other types of fastenings. For example, from separately driven nails, each of which is on its own.

  • The strength of the bond to wood is achieved by the shape of the teeth, their angle of inclination, and their arrangement in rows. At the junction of wooden structural elements, the nail plate forms a connection that has high strength properties that no other can compete with. fastener. These indicators have been verified by many mechanical tests of structures.
  • A common monolithic platform - the base on which all the teeth are attached, eliminates the possibility of their mobility and swinging. The platform becomes a common, connecting basis for the connected parts of the structure, due to which the connection is again given the quality of strength.
  • Metal serrated plates provide excellent strength even when joining wood structural elements by butt connection.
  • The parts are attached extremely tightly. This has also been proven empirically. For example, a beam assembled using a plate from two wooden beams connected end-to-end, when exposed to a fracture, broke not at the junction of the structural elements, but in the monolithic part of the beam. Thus, the monolithic platform of the nail plate completely prevents the teeth from moving or becoming loose and becomes a reliable basis for the connecting assembly.
  • If necessary, it can be applied electroplating– This is a possible additional service at the request of the customer. This coating will give additional durability to the steel nail plate.
  • Metal toothed plates install faster than traditional types fasteners, thanks to the unique design. This will significantly save time during construction and installation work on fastening rafter and underframe elements. rafter systems.
  • Due to the possibility of manufacturing floor beams with “corridors” specially designed for these purposes, this fastening method facilitates the laying of communications (ventilation ducts).
The listed qualities of nail connecting plates have become the reason for their widespread widespread use in the construction and construction of wooden structures for any purpose. The simplicity of the design of nail plates brings exceptional strength and durability to the connection.

Experience in using nail plates
Steel nail plates have been used in Canada and the USA for more than twenty years; it was in North America that they began to be widely used in the construction of wooden structures. This fastening method is now widely used throughout Europe. Using industrially produced rafter structures based on plates, you can build almost any type of roof, attic, attic space, skylight, etc.

Roofs using nail plates are applicable in all types of structures, for example:

  • residential buildings,
  • industrial,
  • agricultural,
  • sports and commercial facilities.
In addition to rafter structures, this technology can be successfully used for:
  • reconstruction of buildings and flat roofs, where plates are considered an indispensable type of fastener;
  • production of wall panels;
  • manufacturing lattice frames,
  • construction of formwork for concrete structures,
  • construction of long-span premises made entirely of wood.
The possibility of creating trusses with a span of more than 30 meters without internal supports (for example, tennis courts), which has arisen in connection with the use of connecting plates, is widely used. The plates can be successfully used when joining boards lengthwise.

Tooth (nail) plate is a strong, fast and economical connection for wooden structures. The distinctive advantages and properties of this fastening contribute to its increasingly widespread use in construction. wooden houses and structures in our country. The opportunity to purchase these products is becoming more and more accessible, and those interested can evaluate the convenience and quality of this fastener in practice.

Description:

The nail plate is designed to connect two individual elements made of wood. This method has gained wide popularity in construction frame houses due to 3 advantages:

  1. High strength while reducing costs. The prices for nail plates are very affordable, and the joints created with their help are characterized by increased strength characteristics and resistance to mechanical damage. The plates themselves are cast from high quality carbon steel.
  2. Fast and convenient laying of communications. Using nail plates, the price of which is low, especially compared to the advantages of use, it is possible to install floors with special void corridors for installing a communication system.
  3. The installation time has been significantly reduced. If all construction and installation work has a strict time frame, then you need to buy nail plates. With their help, you will significantly speed up construction by introducing a method for remote installation of blocks and simplifying the procedure for connecting operations.

Our online store offers to buy nail plates wholesale at affordable prices with delivery to any region.

It is used for fastening the rafter part of the house, as well as for connections in frame housing construction. Does not require the use of nails. Installation using special equipment is recommended.

Specifications:

  • Material: GP, RK - sheet steel, GPZ - galvanized sheet steel.
  • Thickness: 1.5 mm; 1.3 mm

The construction of frame houses is gaining popularity: they are relatively cheap and comfortable. In classic designs of houses and structures made of stone, brick and other materials, rafter systems are made of wooden elements, so the issue of reliable connection of beams, timber or other wooden elements is constantly relevant. Recently, the nail plate has been widely used - a new product among fasteners, which has successfully replaced nails, dowels and screws.

Design and material of manufacture

From the name it is clear that the design of a nail plate is a strip of metal with an analogue of nails. Its thickness ranges from 1 to 2 mm, dimensions vary from 40 to 200 mm in width, and the length can be any. U different manufacturers your size standards. Most often, nail plates are produced in length increments of 25 mm.

The starting material for manufacturing is high-strength alloy or galvanized steel sheets. In production, it is cut into plates of the required size, and then thin protrusions up to 8 mm long are extruded using a special press. They play the role of nails, firmly entering wooden structures.

Scope of application

Any wooden structures that are connected to each other must have overall rigidity to maintain load-bearing capacity and prevent deformation of the entire structure. The fastener that best copes with this task is nail plates. They are used in residential, public, and industrial construction in the construction of frame wooden structures and installation of rafter systems.

Methods of use

Production wall panels, or arches is carried out in production workshops. The structural elements are fixed in jigs or other devices and connected with a nail plate using a press. This connection method is of the highest quality, but it is not always possible to use it.

It is not possible to use nail plates using a press on a construction site. They are simply driven in with a hammer and at the same time ensuring that the protrusions fit evenly into the wood.

Main advantages

The popularity of nail plates is due to their advantages over other types of fasteners:

  • the ability to connect elements in one plane without significant protrusions on the surface;
  • low dead weight, which reduces total weight designs;
  • the use of nail plates makes it possible to mount complex systems gradually without the use of heavy construction equipment;
  • reduction in the total cost of the constructed facility (prices are quite high, but the fasteners in question are relatively inexpensive);
  • the use of a plate increases the rigidity and strength of joints in composite structures;
  • Installation of a nail plate is quite simple and does not require specialized knowledge.

Existing disadvantages

This type fasteners are not without their disadvantages, of which the most significant are the following:

  • low strength and rigidity under bending loads at the joint;
  • manual installation of nail plates does not always provide maximum rigidity and strength of the connection;
  • to receive quality construction with exact design dimensions, a platform with ideal flatness is required.

Types by tooth arrangement

Manufacturers often try to reduce the price of the building materials they produce. One way to do this is to simplify the design and production technology. In this regard, most of the nail plates used have the simplest and most cheap type with unidirectional teeth. But there are other options that are used in critical designs: with multidirectional teeth in adjacent rows and with teeth located at an angle of 45 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the plate. These options are more difficult to produce, therefore the price of building materials for fastening these types is slightly higher.

Classification and manufacturers

In LNG countries, a classification of MPZ (metal toothed plates - the name of nail plates according to GOST) has been adopted by thickness: MPZ-1.0, MPZ-1.2 and MPZ-2.0 are manufactured with a thickness of 1.0, 1.2 and 2.0 mm, respectively.

IN Western Europe A popular standard is the bi-directional gang-nail toothed key from manufacturing companies in Sweden, Germany, Poland and Finland. In Hungary and neighboring countries, nail plates from the Arpad company are popular, notable for their high strength. The price of one plate, depending on the type, size and manufacturer, ranges from 10 to 120 rubles.