Description of the STD120M machine. Description of the machine STD120M Wood lathe STD 120m passport

Device STD-120 m, manufactured by individual entrepreneur R.V. Chuprakov. in the city of Kirov - this is a training machine for woodworking, which can be found in school labor classes, in professional carpentry workshops educational institutions and in small enterprises engaged in wood processing in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Ukraine and other countries throughout the post-Soviet space.

Application area of ​​the machine

The STD 120M turning unit is designed to work with small-sized wooden elements. Compared with the previous STD-120, the 120 m machine features improved protection, safety and ergonomics, namely:

  • moving elements are covered by a fence;
  • the work area is equipped with local lighting;
  • improved electrical diagram management;
  • A mechanical cleaning system for removing dust and chips is provided.

On the machine in question, you can perform simple turning operations wooden products, installing them in the centers and in the chuck, as well as the following simple steps:

  • turning of profile and cylindrical bodies of revolution;
  • cutting parts at any angle and rounding;
  • drilling and turning inside according to a specific profile;
  • cleaning flat parts with an abrasive tool large diameter on the faceplate.

Lathe equipment

Electromechanical drive. This mechanism is directly responsible for the rotation of the processed wood workpiece. It consists of:

  • asynchronous electric motor with a rotating shaft;
  • V-belt;
  • two pulleys;
  • working block;
  • protective casing;
  • beds;
  • control unit;
  • lamp;
  • spindle attachments;
  • protective fence.

Pulleys and working block

One pulley is fixed on the drive shaft, and the second on the rotating part of the headstock.

Thanks to this unit, you can change the speed of the machine by throwing the belt from one pulley groove to another.

Working block. This is a unit that consists of two headstocks, a holder for fixation and smooth movement of the cutting or abrasive tool, placed in the longitudinal direction relative to the workpiece.

Purpose of the casing and the need for a cast frame

Protective casing with inspection hole. It covers the work area to minimize injury. The inspection hole is designed so that the carpenter working on the machine can see the wood being processed.

Cast frame with support. This part of the machine is designed to increase the stability of the machine. To reduce vibration levels during turning, the bed is mounted on wooden table or workbench. All working elements of the machine are located on it.

Control unit and additional elements

Control unit. This machine unit is designed to control the unit. The control unit or push-button assembly is located on the headstock.

Local lighting of the working area. The lamp is placed on the STD 120M housing.

Set of spindle attachments. These spare parts are necessary for fixing workpieces of various lengths and diameters on the machine. One of these attachments is a clamping fork-chuck for fixing and installing short pieces of wood, the other is for long pieces of wood.

Safety fence. Structural element, covering the moving elements of the electromechanical drive. It is equipped with an electric lock for opening the drive housing hatch to prevent fingers from getting into the belt and pulleys moving during operation, as well as automatic engine stop when trying to open the hatch on the housing.

Technical characteristics and some operating features

The STD 120M wood lathe has relatively good technical parameters, especially if you take into account its specifics and dimensions:

  • dimensions – 1250*550*575 mm;
  • weight – 100 kg.

Wood blanks with what parameters can be processed on the STD 120M:

  • the length of the element installed in the centers is no more than 500 mm;
  • workpiece diameter, no more than 190 mm;
  • turning value, no more than 450 mm.

Spindle characteristics:

  • number of speeds – 2;
  • rotation speed range – 1100–2150 rpm.

Please note that the height of the installation centers is 120 millimeters. Electrical equipment operates from a three-phase power supply with a frequency of 50 Hz. The turning unit has one electric motor with an initial power of 0.4 kW.

Some operating features:

  • the workpiece being processed must be free of knots and cracks, and the wood moisture content is within 20%;
  • large elements must be processed at low speed;
  • lubrication of moving parts.

Lubrication and checking of components for defects and damage should be carried out at least once a year or after 500 hours of operation of the unit.

Structurally, it is possible to independently repair the headstock and tailstock.

Advantages and disadvantages

When listing the positive and negative properties of the machine, we should not forget about its educational purpose, and that the STD 120M is also used in some small enterprises, and this already speaks of the quality of its assembly and excellent functionality. The advantages of the machine include the following features:

  • long service life;
  • relatively small sizes;
  • high level security;
  • complete set and functionality.

Long service life. The simplicity of the device itself allows it to be used for a long time. However, provided that it is operated in a gentle manner and all its components are provided with timely and thorough care, its service life can increase several times.

Relatively small in size. This quality is important for small workshops and classrooms, in which, as a rule, several units need to be installed at once.

High level of security. Main feature for any equipment intended for beginners. In addition, increased safety measures will not be superfluous for more experienced turners.

Fully complete and functional. A property that allows for full learning turning on the device in question.

Like other equipment, the STD 120M machine has its drawbacks:

  • the inability to operate from a two-phase network, which significantly limits the scope of use of the installation;
  • relatively small dimensions of the processed parts, limiting the range of capabilities of the device;
  • The machine has only two operating speeds, and this can have a bad effect on the quality of processing of wooden elements.

Lathe for wood STD 120m can often be seen in school workshops and in carpentry of specialized schools. Its key task is to teach pupils the nature and principles of working with machines, and the peculiarities of processing wooden blanks. At the same time, this device has good technical specifications, which make it useful even in small woodworking enterprises.

Description

This lathe can perform the following functions:

  1. Cutting.
  2. Turning.
  3. Drilling work.
  4. Creating grooves.
  5. Processing the ends of workpieces.

Finishing work on this machine is performed on high speeds, using turning tools or other abrasive type tools. Workpieces can also be processed in roughing mode. To do this, switch the device to low speed and use a semicircular chisel. More details about additional functions machine can be found from its passport.

In addition to the characteristics listed above, this unit also has other features that determine the specifics of its application:

  • The machine is equipped with local lighting, which significantly speeds up work and makes it safer.
  • Ease of use of the button block was achieved due to its placement on the headstock.
  • To eliminate production waste, the design of the machine provides for the possibility of installing a dust extraction unit. It is noteworthy that one such unit can be installed on two devices at once.
  • The machine is equipped with a protective fence with a special window for monitoring the working area of ​​the machine. The window is made of elastic transparent plastic. Thanks to this solution, it was possible to protect most of the operator’s body.
  • The intensity of rotation of the workpiece can be changed by transferring the belt along different grooves of the shaft. It is worth noting that the block in which the transfer is carried out is protected from penetration while the motor is running.

Due to its ease of use and high level of safety, this machine is ideal for training novice carpenters. On the other hand, these characteristics do not in any way interfere with the use of the machine in small enterprises and home workshops.

The figure shows the structural features of the apparatus.

  1. Electric motor.
  2. Switch button.
  3. Broadcast.
  4. Spindle. The unit is made of steel in the shape of a shaft. On the right side of the spindle there is a thread for installing a chuck and other accessories, and on the left side there is a drive pulley with two stages, which is driven through a V-belt drive from an electric motor. The spindle is controlled from the headstock panel.
  5. Front grandma. The body of this unit is made of cast iron with a bore for two radial-spherical bearings. The headstock performs the function of fastening the workpiece and transmits rotational movement to it.
  6. Push-button system. This machine unit allows the operator to control its operation. As can be seen in the figure, the button block is installed on the headstock.
  7. Local lighting.
  8. Frame.
  9. Handyman.
  10. Protective screen. Significantly reduces the risk of injury while operating the device. At the same time, thanks to the viewing window, the operator observes the working area and clearly sees how the part should be processed.
  11. Handle for fixation.
  12. Fencing. This protective device covers the mechanical assembly of the electromechanical drive. The system is equipped with an automatic lid retraction lock during operation to prevent the operator's fingers from getting caught in the drive mechanisms. If you try to open the cover while the machine is running, the electric motor will stop instantly.
  13. Rear grandma.
  14. Flywheel.
  15. Bed. The unit is made by casting using support elements, which significantly increases the reliability and service life of the device. The frame is installed on the base and tightly attached to it. Otherwise, the accuracy of workpiece processing will be significantly reduced due to vibrations during operation.
  16. Support.
  17. Fixing nut.
  18. Pinol.
  19. Center.
  20. Brake handle.
  21. Carriage.
  22. Double nut type.
  23. Wooden platform.
  24. Support bars.
  25. Slot for industrial waste.

The electrical equipment of the machine is designed to operate from a three-phase network with alternating current and a voltage of 380 V. For normal operation autonomous lighting machine, a special transformer is installed in the machine control unit, which converts the voltage in a ratio of 380/24.

The machine has an asynchronous motor, and its operation is controlled from a panel on the headstock. You must connect the machine to the network and set up its operation experienced master, only after this should you start operating the machine as usual.

Technical indicators

The std120m lathe has fairly good technical performance, especially considering its specifics and dimensions:

  • length – 125 cm;
  • height – 55 cm;
  • width – 57.5 cm;
  • weight – 100 kg.

Key parameters of processed workpieces:

  1. The maximum length of the part that is installed in the centers is 50 cm.
  2. The maximum diameter of the part is 19 cm.
  3. The maximum turning length is 45 cm.

Spindle indicators:

  • number of speeds – 2;
  • rotation speed – 1100-2150 rpm.

It is worth noting that the height of the centers of the machine is 12 centimeters. Electrical equipment operates with a voltage of 380 V and a frequency of 50 Hz. The device has only one electric motor with a rated power of 0.4 kW.

Video: turning a handle for a file on a wood lathe STD 120M.

Advantages and Disadvantages

When discussing the pros and cons of the STD 120m machine, it should be taken into account that it was primarily created for training purposes, and the fact that it is also used in some small enterprises already indicates the quality of its assembly and functionality. In addition, the advantages of the machine include:

  1. Long operating time. The simplicity of the design itself allows the unit to work long time, but if all components of the machine are carefully and timely maintained, then the service life of the machine will increase significantly.
  2. Relatively small dimensions. This is especially important for classrooms where several devices need to be installed at once.
  3. High level of security. An indispensable quality for any device that beginners work with. At the same time, a high level of protection will never be superfluous for those who already have work experience and have decided to purchase this machine for their own needs.
  4. The completeness of training in turning on this machine is guaranteed by the presence of all necessary equipment and functions.

Like any other device, this device has a number of disadvantages:

  • The inability to connect to a 220 V network significantly limits the scope of application of the unit.
  • Quite small parameters of the processed workpieces reduce the functionality of the device.
  • The presence of only two speeds in the device adversely affects the quality of processing of parts.

Description

  • Country of origin: Russia
  • Weight 120 kg
  • Weight 120 kg
  • Power 0.4 kW
  • Processed material Wood
  • Supply voltage 380 V

STD-120M: Wood lathe

The machine is designed to teach students the principles of turning wood parts during labor lessons in high school. The machine is used in school workshops for turning small parts from soft wood with a moisture content of 20-25%.
The machine has a cast iron bed, two tool rests for processing long and short workpieces, a set of tools and accessories (Maisels, Reiers). The presence of a locking system ensures safe operation. Closed work area protects the worker from emissions of dust, chips and workpieces. The machine is mounted on a stand, which allows it to be installed either on any table or on a special stand, which the consumer can make himself or order from the manufacturer. The machine is connected to a dust collection unit for collecting processing waste depending on local conditions. The following basic operations can be performed on the machine:

  • turning of cylindrical surfaces;
  • facing and cutting;
  • internal turning and drilling;
  • processing of flat surfaces on a faceplate.

Main technical characteristics:

This is an old story. Even before the advent of a lathe for metal processing, there were thoughts about self-production wood lathe. Its design is simple, and it is not very demanding on precision. Most of the material was there, but only the tailstock was missing. Because of her, the creation of the machine was constantly postponed. And in general there was no special need for this machine. Several times I had to sharpen pieces of wood on a metal working machine. Although this is not recommended, it was very necessary. The problem with working with wood on a metal lathe is that after finishing the work it is very time consuming and difficult to remove wood dust. And if you do not carefully clean the machine, then over time its accuracy will decrease, premature wear of the guides and other parts will occur, where dust will accumulate. So I decided to buy it. At first, I even just wanted to see who produces and sells what. During the viewing, the need for the machine somehow became clear. The result - you have to take it.

This time I decided not to invest in the development of the Chinese economy, but to purchase an instrument originally from the USSR. The most common and affordable machine is STD-120M. They are used for training in schools and specialized vocational schools. So I started looking for him. Searching is, of course, a strong word; rather, choose from the options offered on online flea markets and forums. While there is plenty to choose from. A lot goes into scrap metal, but some of it still comes back. My task was to find the least damaged machine, in the highest possible configuration and for the least money. At the time of the spontaneous search, there were about four proposed specimens within adequate reach. In one ad there was an opportunity to choose a machine from several. That's where we went.

We arrived at one of the GSK, an ordinary steel garage. Let's go in. The entire garage is filled with machines. There are TV6 and NGF-110 and STD 120 and bench and milling vices. STDs are in bulk. Because of this, some units have deformed electrical cabinets and belt covers. One machine had a broken motor cooling cover. We chose the most ideal one available. We staffed it as best we could. The main thing seems to have been found, this is the tool rest and the tailstock. Of the devices for securing and processing workpieces, only a body with a fork in the center. It will do for the first time. And the rest can be done on existing machines. We loaded the purchase into the car, paid the seller and headed back. We brought the machine to the garage.

Tailstock with Morse taper N2. Which is not bad. There is little equipment for it. Grandmother without a center. For the first time, you can use the free non-rotating center from the JET BD-920W machine. It's still lying around. As the bulkhead progresses, we'll see the condition of the headstock itself.

The armrest is wide with a collective farm base, in addition to it there is an original base. You will need to make a special washer, a bolt and a handle for fixing it on the frame for the tool rest. You will also need to make a bushing and a height lock handle for the base of the tool rest.

It was a big surprise when we opened the flap covering belt drive. During the selection of machines, we forgot to look here. There are several problems here: one pulley is missing, a belt is missing and, on top of that, the electric motor shaft does not rotate. This could be a nuisance if the plan was to restore the machine to its original condition (but the plans are slightly different), or at worst if the motor windings were burnt out. But the pulleys will still need to be sharpened and, therefore, the belts will be different.

Electric motor from nameplate side.

Electric motor nameplate. Electric motor aol 21-23f. Released in 1986.

Electrical cabinet No fuses. It's no problem either. There will be modern system protection. Otherwise, everything is in place. This modification machine without a machine lamp, and if it is present, there must also be an additional transformer for power supply. In general, most likely you will have to install a frequency switch to operate the engine. This will allow you to get by with simpler pulleys and make it possible to smoothly regulate the rotation speed.

We will immediately remove the cutting zone barriers from the machine. Back when I was at school, when we had labor lessons, this option was not available on the machines. I can’t even imagine how you can work with him. I think for safety reasons this is necessary for beginners. Machine without guard. This is how he looked in my time, when I was having troubles at school.

Anyone who hasn’t skipped labor classes remembers very well school woodworking machine STD-120M. This device was originally intended to teach children the basics of wood processing.

Thanks to him, a person receives all the necessary skills for turning outside future part and internal groove. It would be nice to have such a machine in your garage, so that if something happens you don’t have to buy it. home furniture, but do it yourself.

In addition, thanks to this equipment you can create beautiful jewelry made of wood for facade or home interior. Let's look at what the STD-120M machine actually is.

In Soviet times, a woodworking machine was located in all school workshops and vocational educational institutions without exception.

Thanks to this unit, students and schoolchildren received the basics of working with wood, so that later, when deciding on a profession, they could have skills that would make it possible to master more complex technological equipment.

STD-120M is not just a training machine

But it is also used to meet the needs of small carpentry workshops, as well as by craftsmen to solve everyday problems. It is noteworthy that if you buy a new such machine, then the consumer receives, in addition to the equipment, a whole range of necessary tools to work on it.

These include

Chisels

Special wood cutters

Other abrasive tools

STD-120M allows the operator

Cut wood;

Grind the edges of the workpiece;

Trim the future wood product;

Drill internal holes;

Make grooves to give it a special shape.

Primary processing of wood is carried out at low speeds of the plug on which the rough material is attached. As the top layer is removed, the operator himself selects the required rotation speed.

Healthy! Thanks to the control panel, on the STD-120M you can adjust the rotation speed in order to process wood more efficiently. If the speed is too high and used improperly, it may crack.

To avoid cracking the wood, you should work carefully with chisels. This equipment is not designed to apply excessive force. By setting the rotation and smoothly moving the fences, the user is able to quickly and accurately turn a variety of shapes.

Main purpose of the machine

Processing small elements of future furniture or decorative items. The machine has lighting, as well as a protective screen that helps protect the operator’s vision from damage. The lamp allows you to work at any time. The llama's stand is flexible, which makes it possible to fix it so that the direction of the light flux provides illumination where the carpenter needs it.

Advice! At the end of the article there is video How to quickly turn a handle for a tool on the STD-120M machine.

Specifications

STD-120M equipment.

The machine package includes

Everything you need to carry out basic turning work related to wood processing. The set that comes with the machine includes tools for:

  • Turning;
  • Drilling;
  • Cutting and cutting parts from wood;
  • And also trimming.
Spindle

Which is mounted on the chuck and is needed by the operator to perform facing. It is carried out using meisel or other tools designed for cutting wood. Installation of the workpiece into the machine is carried out using a mallet.

For rough grooving of wood

Reyer is used. This semicircular incisor, which makes it possible to shoot large number unnecessary layer. It is mounted on a hand rest, which is adjusted using screws. It must be positioned at a distance of at least 3 mm from the rotating workpiece.

The machine has a special trident fork

Which holds the future piece of furniture in the desired position.

Pinol

This is the part on the tailstock of the machine that causes the part mounted in the equipment to rotate.

This method of securing the workpiece should be used during manufacture.
  • Handles for tools;
  • Rolling pins and other kitchen tools;
  • Legs for chairs or stools.

The installation uses a belt drive, and thanks to the ability to transfer it to one or another shaft, you get the opportunity to adjust the rotation speed of the workpiece.

If your goal is to turn a plate or other device with a large outside diameter, the machine has a faceplate and disks with screws. They enable the user to grind the necessary recesses in the workpiece while moving the tool from the center outward.

Regarding the dimensions of the workpieces

Which are able to process the STD-120M machine, passport equipment specifies the following:

  1. The maximum length of the workpiece is 50 cm.
  2. The maximum permissible turning length is 50 cm.
  3. The maximum width is no more than 19 cm.
The height of the centers on the machine is 12 cm

The spindle is factory equipped for rotation speed and is available in 2 modes. These speeds are for different stages wood processing. The roughing stage involves rotation of the shafts at a limit of 980 rpm, and the finishing speed is 6,500 rpm.

The machine itself is not big.

Equipment dimensions are as follows
  • Length – 125 cm.
  • Equipment height – 55 cm.
  • Width – 57.5 cm.
  • The weight of the STD-120M when fully assembled does not exceed 100 kg.

For convenience and safety of working on the equipment, the machine has a special support. This device is a support for the cutting tool. Since the engine asynchronously rotates the workpiece in only one direction, during this process, upon contact with the cutting tool, the latter is pressed against the tool rest.

This is interesting: the tool rest has a special recess or hole where the operator inserts the cutting tool.

If this part was not included in the package, the strong speeds transmitted by the drive to the spindle would knock the cutter out of the operator’s hands. This would result in damage to the machine or injury to the user.

Important! The machine comes with 2 tool rests with different lengths– 20 and 40 cm.

Bed STD-120M

For STD-120M equipment, the manufacturer uses a special cast iron frame. It is mounted on two legs. It has a stand and serves as a base where absolutely all the components of the woodworking machine are fixed. The headstock of the equipment is attached to the left.

In all other directions, the holder and the tool rest are attached to the frame in different positions. The tailstock is mobile, which makes it possible to move and dismantle it to work with cutting out recesses in the workpiece.

Safety STD-120M

To ensure operator safety while working on the machine, a special protective screen made of high-strength plastic is used. It allows you to provide the proper level of protection against the ingress of chips and shavings.

Important! It is necessary to work at the machine in special clothing, which includes an apron and safety glasses.

To reduce dust getting into the respiratory tract, in addition to the plastic screen, the machine has special air vents. In this way, the manufacturer managed to significantly reduce the level of dust generated during human operation of the equipment.

Set of chisels and cutters

All cutting tools, which are included in the STD-120M package, can be divided into 2 types:

  • Reiers;
  • Maisel.

The former are shaped like groove cutters, similar to semicircular chisels. Maisel, on the contrary, is presented in the form of a chisel with a flat cutting part.

Operating instructions

To avoid injury and ensure the longevity and serviceability of the equipment, the operator should know how to work on it correctly. The STD-120M machine manual contains a sufficient number of rules that must be followed to fully use all functionality.

To increase stability

It will be best to install the equipment on a steel, poured concrete or screwed table. Thus, during engine operation there will be no vibrations or oscillations of the working surfaces, which will ensure a perfectly even cut along with precision. The tabletop height is recommended from 60 to 80 cm.

Important! It is strictly forbidden to work in a room with a slippery floor. Flooring around the machine should be stable and preferably rubberized.

If you use parquet in your home workshop, you are automatically protected from damage electric shock upon breakdown. But to be sure to protect yourself from this, you should place a rubber mat under your feet.

There are also a number of requirements for the workpiece
  1. Any wooden blank must be free from cracks or knots.
  2. Wood humidity is not higher than 20%.
  3. How more detail– the lower the rotation speed.
  4. Once a year or after 500 hours of operation, change the lubricant of the working elements of the machine.
  5. Once a year, carry out a comprehensive inspection and repair if damage is detected.

By fulfilling these simple requirements, the owner of the machine will be able to maintain its performance for a very long time.

Kinematic diagram of equipment

Kinematic diagram

In training rooms or production workshops there are milling machines with different designs and configurations. To understand how they differ, diagrams or diagrams are always attached to them. photo.

Kinematic scheme- This conventional image equipment where you can understand the location of certain components that are involved in transmitting movement to the working surface.

Such diagrams make it possible to quickly understand the structure of the equipment in order to correctly and accurately carry out settings or calculations for the work. Understanding kinematic scheme milling machine the same type, but with different types designs will allow the user to figure out how to control it.

Electrical diagram of the machine std 120

The electrical diagram of the STD-120M equipment makes it possible to understand how to connect it when independently twisting or repairing individual components. From the diagram attached above you can understand that the woodworking machine is included in three-phase network with an operating voltage of 380 V. A cable with a solidly grounded neutral must be used. A special electrical cabinet houses the light transformer. It reduces the voltage from 380 to 24 V.

An asynchronous motor is the drive of a machine tool. The control panel is located on the headstock.

Important! It is strictly forbidden to work without grounding. Therefore, before each start-up of the equipment, the quality and integrity of the cable should be checked.

How to choose the right one to buy a used machine

If you decide to choose Used-equipment, you should definitely check it for integrity when meeting with the seller. On Avito, the cost of such a machine ranges from 12,000 to 17,000 rubles.

  • Technical condition of working surfaces;
  • Behavior during startup and operation of equipment;
  • Availability of components for the machine.

Important! Let you buy additional cutting tools, but if the machine does not have a tool rest, let the seller find a way out of this situation.

If you are ready to pay a turner to turn the model according to dimensions, please buy. But it’s better to let the seller deal with these issues.