You can chamfer the board in various ways. The most common of them are two: using manual and automatic tools. Negative side of the application hand tools(various planes) is considered high degree danger of injury, as well as a catastrophically low pace of work. Of course, automatic and semi-automatic milling cutters are ideal for these purposes.

On the website http://www.zaoportal.ru/product/view/111 you can purchase professional machine for chamfering. The main reason why home craftsmen avoid purchasing such equipment is the apparent difficulty of operation. In fact, setting up and using it for its intended purpose does not cause any difficulties even for a novice user.

Initially, it is important to choose the appropriate type of cutter. There are several types of chamfers. Choose the one that suits your specific task. The suitable cutter is not always included in the set with the router.

But acquiring it will not be difficult. Milling cutters of this kind are freely available in tool stores and cost pennies.

Preparing the milling cutter for work is as follows:

• a hose from a vacuum cleaner is placed in the waste removal socket;
• the cutter position is adjusted;
• the router is fixed in a given position;
• horizontal guides are installed.

The addition of a vacuum cleaner makes working much easier. When processing wood, there is virtually no waste left.

Initially, the cutter height adjustment head must be turned until it clicks. The depth regulator is pulled down 3 mm. Then it lowers onto the head. Thus, we obtain the “zero” position of the cutter.

Now, by rotating the height adjustment head, you can quickly and without much difficulty change the position of the cutter by 5, 10 mm.

The router guides should also be adjusted for correct chamfering. This is achieved quite simply - it is only important to tighten the nuts on the guides until the router slides along the surface being processed, as if on rails.

An easy-to-manufacture device for chamfering wooden blocks and narrow boards, as well as for planing and other types of processing of round or faceted wooden blanks.

When planing wooden blocks and narrow boards, it is almost always necessary to remove small chamfers from the ribs in order to blunt them to one degree or another. However, to do this you have to hold the plane obliquely, at an angle of approximately 45 degrees, which is not always convenient, especially when working with electric planes.

You can get out of this situation if you make a special device in the form of a long longitudinal angle into which the processed block would be placed and thus the edge from which you need to chamfer would be on top.

In addition, such a device could also be used for planing faceted and round wooden blanks (for example, handles for garden tools: shovels, forks, rakes, etc.), which are very inconvenient to plan on flat surface.

I thought about making such a device just when I was planing blanks for shovel handles (see my article “”), since with such a device my work would have gone much easier and faster.

As a result, I decided to make this device, for which I needed the following accessories:

Materials and fasteners:
Two wooden planks 2 cm thick, 4 cm wide, and 6 cm wide, and 2 m long.
Wooden plank 2 cm thick, 5 cm wide, and 50 cm long.
Wood screws 4x50 mm.

Tools:
Drawing and measuring tools (pencil, tape measure and square).
Awl.
Jigsaw with saw blade figured cutting.
Electric drill-screwdriver.
Metal drill with a diameter of 4 mm.
Spherical cutter for wood.
Screwdriver bit RN2, for driving screws.
Sandpaper.

Operating procedure

First, we mark a 6 cm wide plank and drill along its entire length, with 5 or 6 holes for screws on one side.

WITH opposite side strips, countersink these holes for the screw heads using a spherical wood cutter.

Then we insert screws into these holes and screw our plank to the end of another 4 cm wide plank.

As a result, we get something like this wooden corner 2 m long.

After that, using a jigsaw, we cut out such a blank from a short strip.

It will serve as a stopper for planed workpieces, and at the same time, as a support for our device.
We also mark this blank and drill three holes in it for screws.

And then, using screws, we screw this workpiece to the end of our corner device.

From the remaining piece of the plank we cut out two more pieces like this with a jigsaw.

We will screw them to the back of our device, where they will serve as additional supports.

At the very back of the device, we drill two holes for screws on each side.

We also countersink the upper parts of these holes with a spherical wood cutter in order to recess the screw heads.

Now we screw our blanks with screws.

All elements of the device and especially the ends are processed sandpaper.

And now our device is ready!
This is what the back looks like.

And so the front part.

Now it will be possible to process bars using this device.
For example, I put a blank block for a shovel handle into this device - rear view.

And this is the front view.

But the block is not square, but rectangular in cross-section. Now it will be quite easy to chamfer from such bars.

But I put a purchased handle for a shovel, round in cross-section, into the device.

Such round blanks, now it will also be very convenient to process in this device. Moreover, it will be possible not only to plan them, but also to carry out other types of processing, for example, drilling holes in them or sawing them.

Well, that’s probably all! Goodbye to everyone and have easy-to-use devices!

Chamfer: what is it and why is it needed?

This is an edge obtained in a special way on the end surface of a metal sheet or on the wall of a pipe, beveled at a certain angle.

The main purpose is preparing rolled metal for further welding work.

Why is chamfering necessary?

Processing the ends of sheets or pipe walls is needed for:

• Good penetration and reliable connection of welding seams
• Reducing welding time
• Preventing employee injuries sharp corners products
• Simplification of the upcoming installation of the constructed metal structure
• To not carry out manual grinding sheet or pipe edges

If chamfering is not performed, then in products whose thickness exceeds 5 mm, the welding seam may come apart over time and the structure will lose strength.

Chamfer angle

Chamfer angle from the edge of a sheet or pipe is selected based on design features product or assigned welding task. As a rule, the standard chamfer angle for metal sheet profiles is 45°, for pipes – 37.5°.

There are three ways to cut an edge from rolled metal:

• Y-shaped way;
• X-shaped;
• J-shaped (another name is “glass” bevel);
• Also, in the technical literature you can find something else letter designation: V, K and U chamfer.

Peculiarities different types chamfers

• The most common method of edge removal in production is the Y-shaped method and the X-shaped one.
• For high-precision welding seams (e.g. on products complex design) use a chamfer with a curved surface.
• J-shaped chamfer is performed using special automatic chamfers. This method creates a larger weld pool than other methods.

Other types of edge cutting(butt type of connection with a broken edge) is not used so often in production.

Features of the chamfering process

To cut edges on a metal product, special units are used - chamferers, differing in cutting method into three types (air-flame, mechanical and oxygen-gas equipment).

The edge cutting process is as follows:

1. Using clamps, the chamfer is attached to the edge of the sheet or inside metal pipe.
2. Next, the required sharpening angle is set.
3. When the machine is turned on, the cutting head is brought to the workpiece and the chamfer cutting process occurs.
4. After finishing the work, the cutter returns to its original position.
5. After chamfer cutting, the working surface of the product is considered prepared for further welding work.

When cutting a chamfer, a welding container (bath) is formed, where the hot welding composition is collected. A chamfered edge has a certain dullness of about 3-5 mm. When the container is filled with welding compound, the blunted area melts itself. Thanks to this, the required seam tightness is achieved and additional reliability is created.

Edge cutting methods

Currently, two methods of edge removal are used in production: thermal and mechanical.

Mechanical chamfer is considered to be of the highest quality, since this method is performed using special equipment - beveling machines (edge ​​cutters), milling machines, edge splitters and other devices. Advantages this method are as follows:

• After chamfering, the product retains its structure and does not lose physical chemical properties
• The mechanical method ensures high tightness and reliability of future welds
• Save time.

Thermal method– air-plasma chamfer and gas-flame chamfer. Air-plasma cutting of edges allows you to get appearance chamfer close to the factory (or mechanical chamfer). However, it requires ideal smooth surface sheet or pipes at a certain angle. In many industries, this type of chamfer cutting is the main one due to its efficiency and high speed of processing products. It is performed using special plasma cutting equipment.

Gas-plasma chamfering does not require special conditions implementation and is characterized by low cost. But the quality of the cut is lower than with the mechanical or air-flame method. Often such chamfer cutting requires additional machining. This method is used for artisanal processing of used pipes. When using the thermal method of chamfer cutting (gas-plasma and air-plasma chamfer cutting), due to overheating, a section appears in the metal product with altered physical and chemical properties (thermal influence zone). This negatively affects the tightness and reliability of future welds and the strength of the structure itself.

Mechanical chamfering preserves the properties of the product and does not affect the quality of future welding work. Mechanical chamfering method is a kind of guarantor of processing quality metal products before welding work. The only "minus" this method is the high cost of the units and the labor intensity of the work.

You can find out the cost of mechanical bevel removers by calling ☎

Typically, when planing wooden blocks or narrow boards, it is often necessary to chamfer small size from the edges of the workpiece, in order to reduce the sharpness of the corners, as well as make them more beautiful. To do this in normal conditions, then you have to hold the workpiece with the plane at angles of about 45 degrees, which is not particularly convenient, especially when you work with an electric plane, which is many times heavier than a manual one. This problem can be solved using your own special device, which will look like a longitudinal corner, where the block will be placed, which will be processed in the future, and its edge will be located at the top, which is convenient for processing.

This arrangement of the workpiece in a homemade device will also help for planing faceted and round bars, as well as wooden handles, which are inconvenient to process on a flat surface. The author of the homemade product thought about making such a device, since the need for it arose when he was planing blanks for shovel handles, because with such a device the work was completed faster, and it was also much more convenient to work this way.

In order to make this device, you need:
Two wooden planks 2 cm thick, 4 cm wide, and 6 cm wide, and 2 m long.
Wooden plank 2 cm thick, 5 cm wide, and 50 cm long.
Wood screws 4x50 mm.
Drawing and measuring tools (pencil, tape measure and square).
Awl.
A jigsaw with a file for curved cutting.
Electric drill-screwdriver.
Metal drill with a diameter of 4 mm.
Spherical cutter for wood.
Cross (curly) bit RN2, for driving screws.
Sandpaper.

When all the materials and tools are available, then you can begin the most interesting part, this assembly process.

Step one.
First of all, you need to decide on the dimensions, you can use the dimensions given here, but if your workpiece has large sizes, then we simply increase the size of the milestones components until necessary. Using a pencil, we mark a plank 6 cm wide, then using a screwdriver and a drill, we drill holes along its entire length, on one side there are 5 or 6 holes for screws, as a rule, the more, the better, and more reliable.

Step two.
Having positioned the plank on the opposite side, using a countersink installed in a screwdriver chuck, we increase the dimensions for the screw heads, using a spherical wood cutter.

After we have enlarged the holes for the caps, we insert screws into these holes and screw our plank to the end of another 4 cm wide plank.

What should happen at this stage can be seen in the photo, this is the so-called wooden corner, its length is 2 m, made so that there is a reserve in length used in processing workpieces, thereby increasing the range of application, since you do not have to combine sizes, then small, then large devices, and it’s easier and more practical to make one, but longer.

Step three.
Using a jigsaw, we cut out a smaller piece from a board that will supporting part, with which the device will be held on a flat surface, this process requires sufficient precision and accuracy; for better accuracy, use a special corner stand on the jigsaw, which will help in creating even cuts. When working with a jigsaw, be extremely careful and do not forget to wear safety glasses and gloves, protecting yourself from accidental contact with sawdust and wood dust, as well as protecting yourself from the tool slipping out of your hands.

Step four.
The previous workpiece, whose role is to hold our corner part, must be drawn, the lines should correspond to an angle of 45 degrees, as on the main part, for a better match, attach the future support and outline it with a pencil. To secure it, you need to drill holes for the screws in in this case There will be three of them, which is quite enough; we select the drill according to the diameter of the screws so that the thread passes without difficulty.

Step five.
Then we tighten the screws with a screwdriver, that is, we screw this workpiece to the end of our corner device, try not to overdo it with the tightening force, so as not to damage the support and form a crack in it.

The remaining part of the strip will also be useful; we make the same blanks from it using a jigsaw; you will need two of these.

We supplement the corner with two more supports, which will make it much more stable, and it will also acquire a larger workload, which is also important when processing. We screw them in the same way as the first support.
Step six.
The back of the device must be drilled on each side; we use a screwdriver with a drill whose diameter is equal to the thickness of the screw; for strength, we make two holes on each side to prevent rotation.

The location of the holes, as in the previous stages, must be processed with a spherical wood cutter in order to recess the screw heads and thereby eliminate accidental snagging.

Step seven.
Armed with a screwdriver and a bat attachment for driving screws, we tighten the screws into the workpieces.

Next, we move on to more precise processing, for this we will use sandpaper, as usual, we start with coarser paper, gradually reducing the grain size as we approach the finish of sanding.
This is our homemade device done, now let's look at it from all sides for a full assessment.
This is what the back looks like.

And so the front part.

After you make such a device, you will be able to process bars without any difficulties or inconveniences, be it a wooden handle or a workpiece with square edges.

A device with a workpiece for processing.

A chamfer is the surface of a product that is formed during the processing of rolled products or pipes by bevelling the end edge of the material. The chamfer is necessary to prepare the edges of sheets, beams and pipes for welding.

The main types of chamfer are:

1. "Gas". This is the cheapest type of bevel for a pipe due to its low quality. However, this type is one of the most common. This chamfer is removed using. The “Gas” chamfer can also be made in field conditions. Its surface usually has characteristic grooves, which are formed from a gas stream (propane or acetylene).
2. "Plasma". Externally, this type of chamfer is practically no different from “mechanics”. It can also be classified as “factory”. A “Plasma” chamfer is an air plasma cutter, a compressor, and a compressor that forces the cutter to move strictly in a circle when setting a specific chamfer angle.
3. "Mechanics". This is a factory chamfer, the most best quality. For chamfering “mechanics” and are used. In the pipe market, this bevel is mainly used due to high quality chamfers.

What is the purpose of chamfering? When welding workpieces, metal penetration occurs, which subsequently ensures that the edges are connected to each other. If the metal thickness is more than 3-5 mm, obtaining complete and quality connection becomes difficult. To obtain high-quality penetration, this type of processing is carried out: it allows you to create a so-called weld pool, which is filled with a welding compound during the welding process. It is important to remember that the edge prepared for welding is an edge with a chamfer and bluntness (see the figure and its designations below).

Types of chamfers (methods of cutting edges).

There are three main methods for preparing edges for welding: Y-shape, X-shape, and J-shape. Sometimes in some sources they are designated by the letters: V, K and U, respectively. Here and below, the above methods will be designated by the letters: Y, X. J. Most often, Y-shaped cutting of edges is carried out, but there is also an X-shaped method. In special cases, when there is an increased requirement for the quality of the weld, a J-shaped chamfer is used, that is, a chamfer with a curved surface (not to be confused with edge curvilinearity!).

In addition to the main methods of processing Y, X. J edges, there are a number of edge preparations. They are not so rare, and their description cannot be found everywhere. For example, GOST 5264-80 describes the butt type of connection with a broken edge braid; symbol– C14.

The diagrams above show several examples of processing methods:

1: example of Y-shaped chamfering method;

2, 3, 4: examples of the X-shaped chamfering method;

5: Y-shaped processing of the ends of two pipes with their subsequent connection;

Methods for chamfering.

There are two ways to remove a chamfer: mechanical and thermal (Table 1). Mechanical chamfering is carried out using milling, edge splitting and edge planing machines. For thermal chamfering, gas cutting machines (stationary or portable) are used, which perform plasma or oxy-fuel cutting. However, the more preferable method is mechanical, since it eliminates changes in the physical and chemical properties of the material as a result of overheating. As is known, during heat treatment a so-called thermal influence zone is formed. The thermally affected zone is the carburization of the edge due to overheating of the material, which impairs weldability and increases the fragility and brittleness of the edge. But, despite these disadvantages, the thermal method is quite common due to its simplicity and speed of application, and the relatively low cost of equipment.

Table 1. Advantages and disadvantages of thermal and mechanical methods chamfering.

Table 1 states that thermal chamfering can be done quickly and cheaply. Of the processing methods described above, mechanical is still preferable, since it allows you to preserve the metal from overheating and from subsequent changes in physical and chemical properties. In the West, by the way, this method is called cold-cutting, that is, a type of processing in which there is no thermal effect on the metal, which means there are no changes in chemical and physical properties metal

Video material:

1. Pipe cutting with a gas cutting machine CG2-11G, simultaneous chamfering of the pipe is carried out by tilting the cutter at the required angle.

2. Chamfering a 76x6mm pipe using the Mongoose-2MT machine

3. Chamfering a pipe using a TT series bevel cutter, as well as cutting a pipe with chamfering using a split pipe cutter P3-SD

The SPIKOM group of companies offers for supply equipment for chamfering pipes and metal using all of the above processing methods (gas, plasma, mechanical).