Changes in cases of adjectives in singular

16. Read the table “Changing by case of singular adjectives” (see above). Which adjectives lean the same?

17. Read it. Decline any of the given adjectives together with the noun using the table.

Vegetable soup, night sky, earthly bark.

18. Read it. Determine the case of nouns.

They sewed it from... fabric, stopped near... a building, floated across... the sky, drove up to... a gatehouse, watched... a performance, flew into... a window, decorated... with frost, grew under. .. birch tree, swam in... the sea, read about... a bear.

Words for reference: tall, silk, blue, forest, open, interesting, young, warm, silver, brown.

• For each noun, select an appropriate adjective from the words for reference. Write down the phrases.
• Indicate the case of nouns and adjectives, highlight their endings.

19. Read the memo on how to determine the case of an adjective and a sample argument.

Think like this: adjective big refers to the word village village- neuter noun ( village), costs in instrumental case (rises(over what?) above the village), in the singular. So it's also an adjective big also stands in the neuter gender, in the instrumental case, in the singular ( above the village(which?) big).

20. Read it.

In the north wild standing alone
On naked top of the pine
And dozes, swaying, and snow loose
She is dressed like a robe.
(M. Lermontov)

• Be prepared to explain how to determine the case of highlighted adjectives.
• Copy the poem. Indicate which part of speech each word in the first two lines belongs to.

21. Read it.

Valentin Aleksandrovich Serov is an excellent master of portrait painting. His painting “Mika Morozov” is one of the best children’s portraits in world art. Take a closer look at the picture.

The kid stood up slightly in his chair. I saw something and froze. Curly, curled. Black-eyed. He raised his thin eyebrows. He opened his plump pink lips. What struck the boy early in the morning? Not yet tidied up, in a white nightgown, he is ready to jump up right now and figure out what is happening. Little hands grabbed the handrails of the chair. A moment of surprise.

The artist managed to spy on this moment and reflect it in the picture.

(Dolgopolov)

• Decide on a topic and main idea text. Explain the meaning of expressions master of portrait painting, world art.
• Find adjectives in the text. Tell us for what purpose they are used in the 1st and 2nd parts of the text.
• Read the description of the boy. How do you see the boy from this description?

22. In the “Picture Gallery” of the textbook, look at the reproduction of Valentin Aleksandrovich Serov’s painting “Mika Morozov”.

• Isn't it true that the artist told us a whole story about a boy? Does the description of the boy from ex. 21 with your impression of the picture? What are your impressions of the portrait? What could surprise the boy? Make your guesses.
• Compose and write an essay on the topic “What do I remember about V. A. Serov’s painting “Mika Morozov”?” Begin your essay with the first two sentences from the text in ex. 21.

The case of an adjective is more difficult to determine than the case of a noun.

To do this, it is worth determining the case of a noun that is directly related to the adjective, for example, a stormy river is the nominative case.

You can quickly understand the cases of adjectives using this table, which shows the questions for each case with examples.

the case of the adjective is the same as the case of the noun about which the attribute is spoken, for example: fresh fruit is masculine for both the noun and the adjective of the word,

interesting movie - there is a neuter gender, good weather- feminine

Determining cases of adjectives is easy. To do this, it will be enough to simply create a phrase with any noun, and then determine the case of this noun. For example, a big table (what?), a noun in nominative case:



If it’s hard right away, then attach an adjective to a noun. Then it will be much easier to persuade. For example:

blue sky

blue sky

Blue sky

blue sky

Blue sky

About blue sky.

The case of an adjective is determined by the case of the pronoun or noun, the attribute of which it denotes and with which it agrees. For example, About the Blue Sea. Here the noun sea is in the prepositional case. This means that the adjective blue is also in the prepositional case.

It is not so difficult to learn to determine the cases of adjectives if these adjectives also contain nouns. And if there are no such nouns, then you need to substitute them hypothetically.

An adjective, as you know, denotes a certain attribute of an object (an object is the noun that we talked about above). The cases of the noun and adjective coincide in the vast majority of cases. For example: to the blue sky (Dative), about a good boy (Prepositional), paper documentation (Creative), spring thoughts (Nominative or Accusative).

When we learn to see or imagine these phrases, determining the case of an adjective will be as easy as determining the case of a noun. At the end, which indicates the case. Or a question that can be asked about this adjective.

An adjective is a part of speech that denotes a characteristic of an object and agrees in gender, number and case with the noun on which it depends.

Thus, to determine the case of an adjective, it is enough to determine the case of a noun.

Example: I see a beautiful (V.p.) girl (V.p.). First, we determine the case of the noun: I see (who?) a girl. The noun is used in the accusative case; accordingly, the adjective is also in the V. case.

Most often, in sentences and phrases, adjectives refer to nouns. And whatever case these nouns have, so will the adjectives.

For example:

1. Blue sky. Noun has a nominative case (what?). This means that the adjective is also in this case.
2. Dull at times (what?). Instrumental.
3. Enjoy the yellow sun (what?). Dative.
4. Brought good news (who what?). Accusative.
5. I came to thank you best friend(who what?). Genitive.
6. To regret spending money (about what?) prepositional.

If there is no noun, you will have to invent one based on its meaning.

For example:

slightly interesting. We substitute the word story and determine its case (who is what?). Nominative.

To determine the case of an adjective, you need to pay attention to the noun to which this adjective refers - what case this noun has, so will the adjective.

Example: with a steel needle (answers the question with what?, which means this is the instrumental case - for both a noun and an adjective).

Tables with adjective endings are, of course, good, but you won’t memorize them, will you? You need to learn to navigate a topic like cases on your own.

Let's look at an example:

I want to say goodbye to old things.

We have an adjective - old, it describes the attribute of a noun - things. An adjective is always closely related to a noun; in whatever form the latter is used, the first will be in the same form, in particular, they will have the same case.

That is, all you need to understand is in which case our noun is used. For the word things, you can pick up a case question: what?, which means that it belongs to the instrumental case. And the adjective is also used in the instrumental case and has the ending -й.

An adjective means an attribute of an object that answers the question: which? which? which? The adjective is declined in the singular.

The masculine gender has the ending y, ii, oh. For example: a man (what?) is handsome, loving, cool. The feminine gender has the ending yaya, aya. For example: what kind of skirt? turquoise, burgundy.

In order to correctly decline adjectives, you need to know their case questions in both numbers.

It is most convenient to check endings and adjectives by substituting a question Which? in the required form, since the endings of the question and the adjective coincide, for example: It was hard for him to walk after the difficult Wow(How Wow?) day. The exception is the nominative singular masculine case (and the similar accusative case), where the ending is written under the accent -Ouch (tear off Ouch calendar, business Ouch Human), and without accent - th or -th (tabletop th calendar, sincerely th Human).

In adjectives on -th , -ya , -ye (wolf th, wolf ya, wolf ye ) in all cases, except for the nominative (and similar accusative) case of the masculine singular, the letter is written b , For example: wolf b I(flock), wolf b e(den), wolf b And(traces); wolf b him, wolf b hey, wolf b them, wolf b them etc. (but: wolf th howl).

Nominative case endings

In the feminine gender in the nominative singular case the ending is written -th or -yaya , and in the neuter gender - -oh or -her (which? — correspondence oh average yaya school; which? — interesting oh comprehensively her study).

In plural the ending is written for all three genders -s or -ies (which? — frosty s winter no days, nights, mornings).

Accusative endings

In the feminine gender accusative case singular ending is written -yy or -yuyu (answers the question which one?), For example: finish (which?) correspondence course wow average yuyu school.

Instrumental endings

In the masculine and neuter gender, the ending is written in the instrumental case of the singular -th or -them (answers the question what?), For example: enjoy (what?) warmth th autumn them afternoon, morning.

In the feminine singular the ending is written -Ouch (-oh ) or -to her (-her ) (answers the question Which? which one?), For example: patronize (which? which?) shift Ouch average to her school.

Prepositional case endings

In the masculine and neuter gender, the ending is written in the prepositional case singular -ohm or -eat (answers the question which one?), For example: write about (what?) heat ohm autumn I eat afternoon, morning.

Declensions of participles, ordinal numbers

Just like quality and relative adjectives, participles change (inflect), some pronouns (each, every, most, this, etc.), ordinal numbers (first, second, fourth, etc., except for the third, inflected, like possessive adjective wolfish). The spelling of the endings of all these words can be checked by substituting the question which? in the required form, for example: He tried to read (what?) every scientific article that appeared on (what?) the question that interested him.

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Author details

Sazonova Galina Vasilievna

Place of work, position:

Krasnodar region, city Novokubansk, MOBUG No. 2, teacher

Krasnodar region

Characteristics of the lesson (lesson)

Education level:

Primary general education

Target Audience:

Pupil (student)

Target Audience:

Teacher (teacher)

Class(es):

Item(s):

Russian language

Objective of the lesson:

*

*

*

Lesson type:

Lesson of studying and primary consolidation of new knowledge

Students in the class (auditorium):

Textbooks used and teaching aids:

T.G. Ramzaeva "Russian language", 4th grade

Explanatory dictionary for schoolchildren, O.D. Ushakova

Equipment used:

Table "Declination of adjectives"

Brief description:

Russian language lesson in 4th grade

Subject: Changing adjectives by case

Target:

* introduce students to the technique of recognizing the case of an adjective;

* introduce the declension of adjectives in the singular;

* develop attention, memory, speech of students.

Equipment: table “Declination of adjectives”, MMP, laptop, screen

Lesson progress

1.Organizational moment and communication of the purpose of the lesson

Nice day oh good story, good deed.

Why adjectives good, good, good have different endings, although they have the same gender and number? (They have different cases.)

Today in the lesson we will get acquainted with the declension of adjectives in the singular.

2. Vocabulary and spelling work

You will learn a new word from the dictionary that we will learn in class if you solve the crossword puzzle (see attached file): (slide)

1. Long stick. (Pole.)

2. What is the name of the large one? locality? (City.)

3. An item for sitting. (Chair.)

4. A large, tall haystack. (Stack.)

5. A road with rows of trees planted on both sides. (Alley.)

What word did you get? (This word highway.)

What is a highway?

First, children express their guesses, then

find an explanation in explanatory dictionary. (This is a paved road.)

Write this word twice, pronouncing it syllable by syllable, highlight the spelling, and add an accent mark.

Match the word highway suitable names adjectives. ( Smooth highway, wide highway.)

Why are adjectives used in speech? (Adjectives are used to make speech more precise and beautiful.)

Name the grammatical features of the adjective. (Adjectives change according to gender and number.)

How to determine the gender of an adjective? (The gender of the adjective is determined by the gender of the noun.)

Today we will learn another one grammatical feature adjective

3. Work on the topic of the lesson

Teamwork

Determine the gender and number of adjectives in phrases:

. (In the phrase deep pond adjective deep masculine, since the noun pond to which it refers is masculine. In the phrase deep lake adjective deep neuter, since the noun lake to which it refers is neuter. In the phrase deep hole adjective deep feminine, since the noun it refers to is feminine. In phrases deep pond, deep lake, deep hole adjectives are singular. As they relate to nouns pond, lake, hole, which are in the singular.)

In what gender and number is an adjective always present? (An adjective is always in the same gender and number as the noun it refers to.)

Decline these phrases.

How Ouch? How oh? How oh?

Name deep th the pond is deep oh the lake is deep oh Nora

How Wow? How Wow? How Ouch?

R.p. deep Wow the pond is deep Wow lakes are deep Ouch burrows

How wow? How wow? How Ouch?

D.p. deep wow the pond is deep wow the lake is deep Ouch burrow

How Ouch? How oh? How wow?

V.p. deep th the pond is deep oh the lake is deep wow hole

How them? How them? How Ouch?

etc.. deep them pond deep them the lake is deep Ouch hole

oh how ohm? oh how ohm? oh how Ouch?

P.p.. oh deep ohm deep pond ohm deep lake Ouch burrow

What conclusion can you draw? (Adjectives are changed by case or declined.)

How to determine the case of an adjective? Can I finish? (No, the adjective deep ending - Ouch in the genitive case, dative, instrumental, prepositional. The case of an adjective can be determined by case

noun.)

4. Physical education minute

We worked great.

Don't mind taking a break now

And we are used to charging

Comes to class for lesson.

I will name phrases. If the phrase contains a singular adjective, you squat. If the phrase contains a plural adjective, you walk in place.

winter road, delicious berry, slender trees, a high fence, forest paths, new notebooks, a red apple, interesting stories.

5. Consolidation of what has been learned

a) Exercise “Determine the gender, number and case of the adjective”

Word combinations are written on the board.

Across the wide field, oh true friend, on a long journey, under a low bush, behind a high fence, interesting book, on a tall tree, with a beloved kitten, on a bookshelf, in a green grove, with a blue wave.

b) Work according to the textbook.

Reading the output on page 124.

Read the memo on page 124.

Exercise 283 p.125.

Write from memory, determine the case of the adjective. ( Transparent - in V.p..)

c) Independent work (mutual check).

Select and insert adjectives, connecting them in meaning with nouns. Determine the case of adjectives. Select endings.

In the _________ cold there is silence in the forest. All the animals hid from the __________ cold. Suddenly crossbills flew noisily over the _________ clearing. Birds flocked to the top of the _________ spruce. At the very top there were clusters of ___________ cones. The birds began to drag ___________ seeds with their claws.

6. Lesson summary

Continue the sentence:

To determine the case of an adjective, you need to:

1. Find the …… to which ……… belongs
2. Determine the case……
3. By case...... determine case......

7. Homework

Exercise 281, p.124

MAOU "SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL SCHOOL No. 2" MO "LENINOGORSK MUNICIPAL DISTRICT" OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

Russian language lesson in 4th grade

"Changing adjectives by case"

Gizitdinova Raisa Sergeevna

teacherprimary classes

first qualification category

Leninogorsk-2014

Lesson topic: Changing adjectives by case.

Lesson objectives:

Educational goals:

Familiarization with the algorithm for determining the declension of adjectives;

Identification of the declension features of this part of speech;

Development of initial skills research work;

Stimulation cognitive interests by using problematic issues;

Developmental goals:

Developing interest in further educational process,

Development of the ability to analyze one’s own activities;

Educational goals:

Raising children's desire for academic success,

Fostering a sense of friendship and camaraderie.

Cultivating a love for nature.

Lesson type :

A lesson in mastering new knowledge.

Equipment:

Computer.

Presentation.

Cards for individual work.

Technologies used: ICT, health-saving, research(method of involving students in setting the goals and objectives of the lesson, method of organizing work in a group, method of reflection, method of organizing self-study new material in classroom practice)Annotation : This lesson consists of several stages, at each of which ICT is used to improve the assimilation of the material. Used different types activities: frontal work, work in pairs, individual work students, work at the board, work in groups.

Progress of the lesson.

1.Organizational stage.

Teacher: The guys looked at each other and smiled. I am glad to see you again and I think that today will bring us the joy of communication and the joy of discovering new things in the classroom. Good luck to you!

What do you want this lesson to be?

Children: Interesting, to learn something new.

Teacher: Is everyone ready for the lesson?

Children: Yes!

(1 slide.)

The lesson begins

It will be useful for the guys.

Try to understand everything

To write correctly.

2. Self-determination for educational activities .

Which part of the speech do you think the following told about yourself?

(2 slide)

I'm friends with the noun
And I’m not bothered at all.
My main point:
I denote the attribute of an object.
What kind of ice? Cold, smooth.
What tea? Hot, sweet.
I change by birth,
Numbers and cases.
I love attentive children.
Who am I?..(adjective).

Teacher: Which part of speech will we work with in class today?

Children: With adjectives.

3. Updating knowledge and recording difficulties in activities.

Teacher: Why are adjectives used in our speech?

Children.In order to name the characteristics of objects, to accurately describe objects in order to make our speech expressive.

Word combinations on the board:

cold... weather, oh cold... weather

What parts of speech do they consist of? (from a noun and an adjective)

What can you say about the nouns in these phrases?

(in gender, singular)

What do you know about nouns?

(change by gender, number, case, i.e. declined)

About adjectives? (are in the same gender and number as the noun);

Determine the endings of adjectives in phrases;

Why do adjectives have different endings?

(nouns have different cases);

Can adjectives change by case?

(children's assumptions)

4. Statement of the educational task.

- Let's try to decline the adjective at the boardwinter (it doesn't work)

Let's substitute a nounday . From this noun we ask a question to the adjective.

What will we learn in class? (change adjectives by case, i.e. decline.)

Formulate the topic of the lesson.

(3 slide) “Changing adjectives by case”

-What are the goals of our lesson?

- Today we will learn:

(4 slide)

Lesson objectives:

Decline adjectives.

Recognize the case of adjectives.

Use adjectives in oral and written speech.

5. Solving the problem. Study.

Let's do some research:

Groups 1 and 2 will decline the phrase:winter morning

3 and 4 groups:good days . (Work in groups)

(5 slide) Research plan.

Decline noun and adjective.

Observe how adjectives change.

Draw a conclusion.

Highlight the endings of nouns and adjectives.

Checking the work.

(Children explain how they worked:

They changed the noun by case, asked a question from the noun to the adjective, determined the ending of the adjective)

Well done guys!

PHYSICAL MINUTE. (6 slide)

Are you probably tired?

Are you probably tired?

Well, then everyone stood up together.

They stomped their feet,

Hands patted.

Spun, spun

And everyone sat down at their desks.

Close our eyes tightly

We count to 5 together.

Open, blink

And we continue to work.

6. Constructing a project for getting out of a difficulty (discovery of new knowledge)

What conclusion can we draw?

We repeat in groups how we changed adjectives by case.

- Make a memo for determining the case of adjectives

(Make up in pairs, discuss)

Guys, let's write down an algorithm for determining the case of an adjective.

Memo:

Let's find the noun with which the adjective is associated.

Let's determine the case of the noun.

By the case of the noun we recognize the case of the adjective.

7.Primary consolidation.

a) -Write down the sentences, inserting the endings of the adjectives. Using the algorithm, determine the case of adjectives.

(1 student works at the blackboard, the rest write in notebooks):

Winter__ sunny day. The sky is clear and clear. It's frosty days.

b) Independent work (Write down sentences, inserting the endings of adjectives. Using the algorithm, determine the case of adjectives):

IN In the winter... fog the cold... dim... sun rises. Cheerful... a flock of birds flew over a snowy... forest... clearing.

c) Mutual check (swapped notebooks).

G) Dictation (several students work on individual cards)

The blizzard has arrived oh winter. The earth is covered softly them fluffy th snow. Birds are hungry in winter I eat forest. Friendly s the guys are making feeders. They'll hang them in the school ohm garden.

- Why are birds hungry in the forest in winter?

How do you help birds? (we make feeders, pour food, hang birdhouses)

- Find phrases noun + adjective. Determine the case, highlight the ending.

Examination(7 slide)

Conclusion :

“The adjective changes by case and always has the same gender, number and case as the noun with which it is connected in meaning.”

8. Summary:

So, our research ends for today.

Well done! I liked how you determined the case of adjectives today.

Teacher evaluates independent work by cards.

At the end of our lesson we will conduct"Blitz survey" .

I ask experts in the Russian language to answer the questions.

9. Lesson summary. Reflection.

a) Homework.

Make 5 sentences about winter.

Write down noun phrases. + adj.

Indicate gender, number, case of nouns and adjectives..

b) Blitz survey.

What new have you learned about inflecting adjectives?

What goals did we set for ourselves?

(learn to decline adjectives,

recognize the case of adjectives).

Have we achieved them?

How to find out the case of an adjective?

Who had difficulties?

Who is happy with themselves today? Why?

How do you evaluate your work?

Everyone has a sun on their table. If you have good mood, draw a smile. If Bad mood, then draw the sun a bad mood.

CARDS FOR INDIVIDUAL WORK.

Card No. 1

1 task. Complete the adjectives. Determine gender and case of nouns.

Coat(…………), frost(……..), snowflake(……….), sea(………), book(………..), cheese(…..),

Task 2. Determine gender and case of adjectives.

Reindeer, old forest, near a mighty oak, tall tree, winter sun, bird noise, near a neighboring house, in a snowy outfit.

Card No. 2

Write down the phrases, inserting adjectives according to their meaning. Determine the case of the adjective.

(………..)branch, (…………)stump, near the (………..) river, (………..) snow, near the (……….) shore, on (……… ..) poplar, for (……….)brother, to (……..)city.

Card No. 3

For these verbs, come up with and write down adjective and noun phrases. Determine the case of adjectives.

Post (what?)…………. ………….. .

Dig up (what?)…………. …………. .

Tell (what?)………. …………….

Sing (what?)…………. ………………. .

See (what?)……….. ……………….

Hear (what?)……… ………………….. .

To love (what?)……….. ……………….