Slide 8

How did the performance of wandering actors help Hamlet to be convinced of the crime of Claudius?

Slide 9

Hamlet and Ophelia

What role does Ophelia's meeting with Hamlet play in the development of the plot?

Slide 10

Ophelia - daughter of Polonius

Does Hamlet love Ophelia? Does Ophelia love Hamlet? Does she help him in his loneliness?

slide 11

What is the difference between Ophelia and Juliet?

Ophelia, turned into an obedient instrument of intrigue by Polonius and Claudius, becomes a dangerous bait for which they try to catch Hamlet.

slide 12

What is the tragedy of Ophelia?

... the treacherous bough broke, And the herbs and she herself fell into the sobbing stream. Her clothes, spread out, carried her like a nymph; Meanwhile, she sang snippets of songs, As if she had not smelled trouble ... ... it could not last like this, And the robe, heavily drunk, The unfortunate from the sounds was carried away Into the quagmire of death.

slide 13

How did Ophelia die?

Slide 14

How does Shakespeare create the image of the Danish court?

The Danish court first, together with Polonius, challenged Hamlet, then betrayed him along with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, and finally completed the betrayal together with Osric, who handed the poisoned sword to Laertes (Polonius' son).

1. 1. Before you is the great tragedy "HAMLET"
2. 2. Hamlet - the tragedy of William Shakespeare, one of his most famous plays, and one of the most famous plays in world drama. Written in 1600-1601. This is the longest play by Shakespeare - it has 4042 lines and 29,551 words. The tragedy is based on the legend of the Danish ruler named Amletus, recorded by the Danish chronicler Saxo Grammatik in the third book of the Acts of the Danes and is dedicated primarily to revenge - in it the protagonist seeks revenge for the death of his father.
3. 3. Characters Hamlet Claudius, King of Denmark. .Officers: Marcellus; Bernardo. Francisco, soldier. Reinaldo, servant of Polonius. Actors. Two gravediggers. Captain. English ambassadors. Gertrude, Queen of Denmark, mother of Hamlet. Ophelia, daughter of Polonius.
4. 4. Kid's tragedy Before Shakespeare, there was already a tragedy dedicated to Hamlet. Its text has not been preserved. The first mention of her is in 1589, when Thomas Nash ironically referred to "a bunch of Hamlets scattering handfuls of tragic monologues." Entrepreneur Philip Hensloe's diary contains an entry about a performance of Hamlet in 1594. Usually Henslow noted whether the play was new. But there is no such mark for this entry. Apparently, this is the same play that Thomas Nash mentioned. In 1596, Thomas Lodge, in his book The Misfortunes of the Mind, described a "pale ghost" who cried plaintively in the theater, like an oyster seller: "Hamlet, avenge!" Researchers agree that the author of this play was Thomas Kidd. At the center of the Kidov tragedy was a moral problem embodied in the theme of revenge.
5. 5. Hamlet - that was the name of Shakespeare's son (the name is spelled: Hamnet or Hamlet, and sometimes even Amblett), who died at the age of eleven!
6. 6. The work "Hamlet" - William Shakespeare - the great English playwright, poet, actor, "master of human passions", it is his work that is the pinnacle of world drama, and his works for four centuries now have truly unlimited power over the hearts of millions of readers around the world!
7. 7. In none of his works Shakespeare put so much of his own soul, nowhere did he merge with his hero, did not think with his thoughts, did not cry with his tears. In this tragedy, a noble, sensitive nature, full of sublime impulses for the ideal, is brought out, but contemplative and unfit for life's struggle!

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Hammer is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, one of his most famous plays, and one of the most famous plays in world drama. Written in 1600-1601. It is Shakespeare's longest play, with 4,042 lines and 29,551 words. The tragedy is based on the legend of the Danish ruler named Amletus, recorded by the Danish chronicler Saxo Grammatik in the third book of the Acts of the Danes and is devoted primarily to revenge - in it the protagonist seeks revenge for the death of his father.

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Characters Claudius, King of Denmark. Hamlet, son of the deceased and nephew of the reigning king. Polonius, a close nobleman. Horatio, friend of Hamlet. Laertes, son of Polonius. Courtiers: Voltimand; Cornelius; Rosencrantz; Guildenstern; Osric; First nobleman; Second nobleman; Priest. Officers: Marcellus; Bernardo. Francisco, soldier. Reinaldo, servant of Polonius. Actors. Two gravediggers. Captain. English ambassadors. Gertrude, Queen of Denmark, Hamlet's mother. Ophelia, daughter of Polonius. Fortinbras, Prince of Norway. The ghost of Hamlet's father.

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Plot Near Elsinore, the royal palace of Denmark, soldiers have seen several times a ghost that bears a striking resemblance to the recently deceased king. The news reaches the Danish prince Hamlet and he decides to see the ghost. Meeting with him horrifies and confuses Hamlet - the ghost told him that his uncle, the current king, had killed him, and bequeathed revenge to his son. Hamlet is so shocked and confused that he is mistaken for a madman. He is trying to get irrefutable evidence of Claudius's guilt. The king, guessing that "Hamlet has not gone mad, but is pretending for some purpose," sends his friends Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to him, so that they, for an appropriate reward, find out what is really on Hamlet's mind. But Hamlet, having understood the true purpose of their arrival, does not reveal anything to them, answering their questions with meaningless monologues. At this time, a troupe of wandering actors arrives in Elsinore.

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Hamlet asks them to put on the play "The Murder of Gonzago", inserting a few lines of his composition into it. Thus "The Killing of Gonzago" will depict the murder of the former king from the words of a ghost. The King watches the play closely and leaves after a murder occurs in Hamlet's play. After that, Hamlet goes to the queen's chambers, before talking, accidentally kills the royal adviser, Polonius, hiding behind the carpet. Then he talks with his mother, reproaching her for having married Claudius, she insulted her former husband. The king, realizing that Hamlet is dangerous for him, sends him to England to be executed immediately upon arrival. The Prince escapes this fate and returns to Denmark. Uncle resorts to an already tested technique - poison. Hamlet dies, killing the king before dying. The Danish throne passes to Fortinbras, the Norwegian ruler.

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The most probable date for compositions and first production is 1600-01 (Globe Theatre, London). The first performer of the title role is Richard Burbage; Shakespeare played the shadow of Hamlet's father. The authorship of the first Russian adaptation of the play belongs to A.P. Sumarokov (1748). But this alteration is completely far from the original. The play was staged in 1750 in St. Petersburg on the Imperial stage by pupils of the land gentry corps. Volkov.

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Presentation on the topic:

Description of the slide:

slide number 2

Description of the slide:

Hamlet is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, one of his most famous plays, and one of the most famous plays in world drama. Written in 1600-1601. This is the longest play by Shakespeare - it has 4042 lines and 29,551 words. The tragedy is based on the legend of the Danish ruler named Amletus, recorded by the Danish chronicler Saxo Grammatik in the third book of the Acts of the Danes and is dedicated primarily to revenge - in it the protagonist seeks revenge death of his father.

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Description of the slide:

Characters Claudius, King of Denmark.Hamlet, son of the late and nephew of the reigning king.Polonius, neighbor nobleman.Horatio, friend of Hamlet.Laertes, son of Polonius.Courtiers:Voltimand;Cornelius;Rosencrantz;Guildenstern;Osric;First nobleman;Second nobleman;Priest. Officers: Marcellus; Bernardo. Francisco, soldier. Reinaldo, servant of Polonius. Actors. Two gravediggers. Captain. English ambassadors. Gertrude, Queen of Denmark, mother of Hamlet. Ophelia, daughter of Polonius.

slide number 4

Description of the slide:

Plot Near Elsinore, the royal palace of Denmark, soldiers have seen several times a ghost that bears a striking resemblance to the recently deceased king. The news reaches the Danish prince Hamlet and he decides to see the ghost. Meeting with him horrifies and confuses Hamlet - the ghost told him that his uncle, the current king, had killed him, and bequeathed revenge to his son. Hamlet is so shocked and confused that he is mistaken for a madman. He is trying to get irrefutable evidence of Claudius's guilt. The king, guessing that "Hamlet has not gone mad, but is pretending for some purpose," sends his friends Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to him, so that they, for an appropriate reward, find out what is really on Hamlet's mind. But Hamlet, having understood the true purpose of their arrival, does not reveal anything to them, answering their questions with meaningless monologues. At this time, a troupe of wandering actors arrives in Elsinore.

slide number 5

Description of the slide:

Hamlet asks them to put on the play "The Murder of Gonzago", inserting a few lines of his composition into it. Thus "The Killing of Gonzago" will depict the murder of the former king from the words of a ghost. The King watches the play closely and leaves after a murder occurs in Hamlet's play. After that, Hamlet goes to the queen's chambers, before talking, accidentally kills the royal adviser, Polonius, hiding behind the carpet. Then he talks with his mother, reproaching her for having married Claudius, she insulted her former husband. The king, realizing that Hamlet is dangerous for him, sends him to England to be executed immediately upon arrival. The Prince escapes this fate and returns to Denmark. Uncle resorts to an already tested technique - poison. Hamlet dies, killing the king before dying. The Danish throne passes to Fortinbras, the Norwegian ruler.

slide number 6

Description of the slide:

The most probable date for compositions and first production is 1600-01 (Globe Theatre, London). The first performer of the title role is Richard Burbage; Shakespeare played the shadow of Hamlet's father. The authorship of the first Russian adaptation of the play belongs to A.P. Sumarokov (1748). But this alteration is completely far from the original. The play was staged in 1750 in St. Petersburg on the Imperial stage by pupils of the land gentry corps. Volkov.

Topic: “Broad-winged inspirations
Eagle-eyed, audacious flight.

F. I. Tyutchev

Equipment:

The purpose of the lesson: to form the ability to speak to an audience, to develop interest in art.

Board layout:

1. Vocabulary: director, film director, debut, premiere, theater stage
2. Epigraph of the lesson: "For an actor, each new role is the birth of a new person."
   V. Kachalov

Students are divided into groups: film critics, artists, theater critics, artists.

(An organ fugue sounds. Against the background of music, a story is told about the premiere of W. Shakespeare's Hamlet.)

The heavy curtain went up. And everything that remains behind the walls of the theater moves away somewhere into the distance. You are transported to a world where time changes its course.

Silence. Against the gloomy background of the cold, northern sky, the outlines of an ancient castle rise. The clock on the tower strikes midnight. The guard is changing. The sentinels peer anxiously into the unsteady darkness. At this hour, a ghost appears near the walls of the castle ...

A man in a black cloak extends his hands to the ghost. His face is pale, in his eyes there is horror, pain, confusion, a question.

(Students - artists play out a scene from "Hamlet" - "The Conversation of the Ghost and the Prince".)

- On the stage "Hamlet". On the stage of the old theater and the newly built House of Culture. On the stages of Moscow, Warsaw and Beijing, Paris and New York. In all parts of the world. Today and tomorrow and in the distant past.

Shakespeare's first performance (premiere) of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, took place in 1601. on the stage of the wooden theater "Globe" in the suburbs of London.

Teacher's word:

– A lot of time has passed since then, but the image of Hamlet turned out to be so close to the hearts of people, so modern for every generation, that for many centuries it has not left the stage and has not left the more modern art - cinematography.

I think that the theme of our lesson is best reflected in the words of F. I. Tyutchev:

Wide-winged inspirations
Eagle-eyed, daring flight.

These words can equally be attributed to Hamlet and to those artists who sought to create his image on stage, because “for an actor, each role is the birth of a new person,” says the great Kachalov. And without inspiration, this new person will not exist.

Incredible richness of the image of Hamlet. Multilateral, multifaceted, multifaceted. Everything is in Hamlet. And a deep decline in spirit, and uncertain transitions to an active, active life, and despair, pessimism. And faith, boundless faith in the future, in life. Genuine inner impetuousness and passion of the people of the Renaissance. There is a lot of gentle and naive in it. A sad, loving soul and the ultimate fury and anger of a fighter.

It is impossible in such a multifaceted image as Hamlet to tear out only one page of his life.

And if we turn to the interpretation of Hamlet on the Russian stage and in the cinema, we will see that in an effort to bring Hamlet closer to their time, without idealizing or belittling, the actors create unique images. And each Hamlet is deep and sincere in its own way.

In the 19th century, Hamlet was played by such famous actors as Pavel Mochalov and Vasily Karatygin, in the 20th century by Alexander Yuzhin and Vasily Kachalov, Mikhail Kozakov and Eduard Martsevich.

Some actors and their Hamlets will be discussed in the lesson.

Performance by theater critics: “Vasily Kachalov” (Fig. 2.)

(Any strained-calm music sounds.)

– The crowning dream of every dramatic actor is to play Hamlet.

And Kachalov also dreamed of playing the Prince of Denmark - perhaps the most noble and difficult role in world drama, in which the artist's talent and personality are revealed to the utmost.

35 roles were played by Kachalov on the stage of the Art Theater before appearing as the hero of Shakespeare's tragedy. And its creation took a lot of time: the production of Hamlet was conceived in the theater in 1908, and the premiere was shown only four years later.

Kachalov worked on the role of Hamlet not only at rehearsals, but also at home: he was looking for a voice, movements, gestures, worked out the inner parts of the role. For a long time I was looking for what Hamlet's laughter should be in the scene of the meeting with the actors “in the mousetrap”, in the scene “To be or not to be?”. He stubbornly searched for the rhythm of the steps of Hamlet walking in painful thought - a man burned by cruel thoughts.

Speech by the artists: “On the portrait of Kachalov as Hamlet” (Fig. 3.)

- A portrait of V.I. Kachalova as Hamlet. A pale face with a huge forehead, with features sharpened from inner tension. The gaze of exhausted eyes - exhausted, but not able to close, not to see, "to die, fall asleep." The head is boldly, even boldly thrown up, but the prince's chain weighs down the neck and shoulders. This is the concentration of thought, all-penetrating, all-evaluating - both in the depths of one's soul and in the world that is around. The inquisitiveness and fatigue of a man unraveling the mysteries of the world. Hamlet is the thinker here. And although the experience of thought brings him bitterness and suffering, he will not leave the riddle unsolved.

Gzovskaya, who played Ophelia in this performance, recalled that the main thing in Hamlet-Kachalov was grief over the imperfection of the world, the reflection of "a self-contained, concentrated suffering person."

Thinking Hamlet Kachalova was restrained. Reviewers and spectators of the performance did not notice any dramatic gestures, or excitability of the voice, or stormy feelings in him.

Performance by theater critics: “About Mikhail Chekhov” (any stormy music sounds.)

- The artist of the Moscow Art Theater of the Second, Mikhail Chekhov, interprets Hamlet in a completely different way.

The evil of the world haunts Hamlet, drives him almost to madness; he fights frantically against this evil, giving himself up to be torn to pieces by all the impressions of life. Chekhov's Hamlet is both a hunted madman and a fierce avenger. Hamlet moves abruptly across the stage, fragility and sharpness of movements characterize the energy of anger, pain, revenge. Such is Mikhail Chekhov as Hamlet. Chekhov's Hamlet "is dying because the world is terrible" that even the fury of a strong personality is not able to crush evil. The image created by Chekhov in 1924, as it were, was the prototype of the Hamlet created in the cinema - Smoktunovsky

Performance by theater critics: “Eduard Martsevich.”

(An organ fugue sounds.)

- And, finally, the youngest Hamlet of our stage is Eduard Martsevich. A 22-year-old graduate of the Shchukin School in 1959 plays Hamlet on the stage of the V. Mayakovsky Theater in a play staged by director Okhlopkov. To his "Hamlet" the director said ardently and passionately, with inspiration: "Only in an active, irreconcilable, selfless struggle against injustice, in a struggle without hesitation and doubt, is it possible to defend one's ideals, to defeat evil." Dreams, thoughts, thoughts about the fate of the Danish prince and his century did not remain on the pages of the director's inspirational concept, they moved onto the stage into the performance.

Here the heavy bronze gates of the Elsinore castle are slowly swinging open. And behind them, the life of a sad and rushing Danish prince becomes visible - the life of a young man who dared to tell the truth to himself and the world around him.

Martsevich is playing a play. Emotions and intellect, the nobility of the heart and the nobility of the soul, before which everything low, dirty, yesterday recedes.

This Hamlet is very sublime, very transparent. This is the very youth of the world. In the world of evil, young Hamlet finds it excruciatingly difficult to bear his loneliness. Maybe that's why the scenes of Hamlet - Martsevich with Horatio and Ophelia were illuminated with sincere lyricism, softness. The warmth of friendship and love is necessary for Hamlet. Horatio's devotion soothes his pain. The quivering tenderness of Ophelia is salvation, a refuge in a split world. Hamlet - Martsevich was afraid of the destruction of this love and passionately fought for it.

(A student performs A. Blok's poem "Hamlet".)

(The organ fugue gives way to a pure, gentle, breaking melody.)

Artists' performance: "Portrait of Martsevich as Hamlet".

- A gentle, beautiful face in its youthful harmony is wrinkled with anxiety. Impulse and confusion simultaneously own this Hamlet. There are lakes of tears in the eyes, and the mouth is bitterly compressed. As if this boy is painfully trying to muster the will to fight. But the look of an offended, bewildered child, as it were, asks: “Why is the world so cruel and dirty?” These are the first impressions of the portrait of Martsevich in the role of Hamlet. This young Hamlet cannot in any way harden his mind and will to fight. His tragedy is caused by childish gullibility and naive purity of soul.

Speech by film critics: "About Smoktunovsky".

(Sounds like any intense music.)

- Hamlet continues his journey in the most modern art of our time - cinema. Film director G. Kozintsev directed the film, which was widely discussed in the press. Hamlet is played by Innokenty Smoktunovsky. And this is again a completely different Hamlet.

Smoktunovsky's Hamlet is not only wise and noble, but knowledge has made him ruthless and poisonous.

Hamlet-Smoktunovsky has no worthy friends, like-minded people. His Hamlet is lonely and full of irony in relation to the world.

The Hamlets of the 50s and early 60s wept, but this one laughed for the first time. Not afraid of ghosts and deceptions, deceit and humility, destroyed friendship and love, with the self-control of a superman and the excitement of a professional satirist, he rushed at Elsinore, pleased with himself. Smoktunovsky's Hamlet frightens the inhabitants of the castle with one of his unusual behavior, bold words, smiles, and directness not accepted here.

Smoktunovsky played creative evil. In the depths of his soul, he had unspent reserves of love, but he took only hatred, anger and irony.

(Hamlet's monologue "To be or not to be" is read.)

Artists' performance: "Portrait of Smoktunovsky as Hamlet" (Fig. 4)

- Smoktunovsky's Hamlet - courage itself; there is no news, no event that would make him shudder and retreat, feel fear.

Hamlet amazes with his arrogant appearance. His eyes are illuminated by the light of true understanding of every person. This merciless light seems to burn through any density of abomination.

Teacher's word:

- After Hamlet Smoktunovsky came Hamlet Vysotsky. From it we learned how time has changed. The immortal work of Shakespeare was staged by the famous director Lyubimov on the stage of the Moscow Taganka Theater. Hamlet is the main and favorite role of Vysotsky. He played Hamlet for 10 years, Hamlet was the last role that Vysotsky played before his death ...

(Guitar plays.)

Artists' presentation: "On the portrait of Vysotsky in the role of Hamlet" (Fig. 5).

- Vysotsky's Hamlet stepped into Elsinore Taganka from the street; he was not dressed like a prince, not combed, not enlarged. Jeans, a sweater and a guitar have become the costume of the new generation of Hamlet. In the portrait of the Tagansky Hamlet, we see a simple, heavy face and a gloomy look; rudeness and tenderness; the decisiveness of a plebeian and the nobility of a poet.

Theater performance:

- Vysotsky's Hamlet was a poet. Before the start of the performance, V. Vysotsky, in a voice breaking from inner pain, performed Pasternak's poem "Hamlet".

(B. Pasternak's poem "Hamlet" is read.)

“I am alone,” Vysotsky played, and although Smoktunovsky could have said so through his Hamlet, the difference is enormous. Hamlet was alone, and yet he was surrounded by the tribe of men. From Smoktunovsky - Hamlet, it flew apart, leaving empty space around, eaten by fear. Vysotsky - Hamlet was not afraid, he fought in the cramped world - it was she who was his chains, his main mental and bodily heaviness.

Vysotsky's Hamlet of the first years was young, rebellious, passionate, with absolute confidence in his actions, with an insatiable curiosity for everything: good, bad, good and evil. In everything - the delight of the discoverer and the feeling of novelty.

With skill comes wisdom. In Hamlet, Vysotsky will have some caution: a step - and suddenly an abyss ...

(Vysotsky's poem "My Hamlet" is read)

In recent years, the highest spirituality, spirituality and a heightened sense of the end broke through in Vysotsky's Hamlet ... The bitterness of loneliness and sadness were felt. Hamlet understood that it was possible to survive only by remaining a Human being, preserving dignity and spiritual responsibility.

Teacher's word:

- Shakespeare called the theater a mirror, “whose purpose is to show its likeness and imprint to every age and class.” Undoubtedly, "Hamlet" is a brilliant play, it is brilliant mainly because in it you can find problems that have worried people at all times.

Together with Hamlet, the actors go from spiritual consciousness to spiritual existence and help us find our Hamlet, our solution to eternal problems.

Based on the material of our lesson, the following essay topics are offered for you as homework:

1. Are Hamlet's problems close to us?
2. My Hamlet.
3. How would I play Hamlet now.