Recently, satellite television has been in tremendous demand, and this is not surprising. This method of broadcasting allows you to improve the quality of channels, increase their number, and it is simply much more convenient than using modems or cable television.

Introduction

It is also worth noting that the installation of a satellite dish can be done independently, and for this you do not need to have unique knowledge in physics or know how to use a soldering iron. Installing a satellite dish with your own hands, on the contrary, is quick and easy. It will only be necessary to follow the recommendations, as well as use specific basic knowledge in astronomy.

Using a satellite dish

As a rule, before installing a satellite, many people think about having a permit. Is it really necessary to obtain permission to install a satellite dish? In fact, you can do without permission, because receiving television services via satellite is free, but not all channels can be watched.

Many channels will be marked with an asterisk or an exclamation mark, meaning broadcasting can only be done after payment. In order to gain full access to all channels, you need to buy a special key card.

Permission may be required to install an antenna, but from utility services. If the “dish” is installed on the roof of a building or supporting structures, then you will need to obtain a special document that confirms the installation of the satellite, otherwise the antenna can simply be removed and the person will pay a fine.

If you install a satellite dish on the side of a building, that is, where there are no supporting structures, then you can do without permission, but the equipment will constantly suffer from gusts wind, humidity, cold. Exposure to external factors significantly reduces service life.

Many residents of Russia mainly order the installation of a satellite dish through companies that undertake all obligations, including obtaining permission to install equipment from the Housing Office.

General information about satellite television

Before you start installing a satellite dish, you need to know some general information that will ultimately help when setting up the equipment. To begin with, it is worth understanding what is geostationary orbit. This is an orbit that is at an altitude of 35,768 kilometers and is equal to the equator. It is at this altitude that the speed of the Earth is equal to the satellite. In fact, the satellite stands still in such conditions.

It is the standing of the satellite in one place that gives the necessary result, which allows it to be used for rapid transmission of information. This information is necessary when installing the antenna, since it will need to be adjusted to the location of the satellite. In addition, proper configuration can help increase the number of free channels.

Sometimes the question may arise whether it is possible to catch a broadcast from several satellites at once. Naturally, since the information beams of satellites that are in space often intersect, but basically the channels may be useless. People set up satellite dishes most often with a focus on your country and language. If we take this into account, then the number of satellites to configure can be selected significantly less. In many regions, only one satellite may be available.

Home satellite TV

When installing satellite television, as mentioned earlier, you will need adjustment or, as they say in professional circles, adjustment. This is a kind of selection of a subtle angle in order to find a broadcast from a specific satellite. For the person who does not have experience in setting up a satellite dish, it is quite difficult to do such work. But you can call a specialist at any time, who will make the adjustment in a matter of minutes, because he already has experience and a keen eye for selecting the required angle.

The cost of carrying out such work is not too high, but you should not rely on the fact that the adjustment needs to be carried out only once. Any strong wind or snowfall can knock down the antenna, and in this case you will need to call a technician. For what? You can do everything yourself and gain the necessary experience in setting it up with practice.

Sometimes, even if all television settings are followed, there is simply no broadcasting or you can only see channels with poor quality. The reason is usually that the antenna is installed in villages or hamlets that are located in the lowlands and at the same time cannot efficiently catch the satellite signal, but it “shines” quite strongly at the desired point. Therefore, when purchasing a satellite, you need to consult about which satellites the “dish” can catch and choose the option that is acceptable to you. After this, when setting up, you should pay attention to some details.

Antenna selection

The choice of a satellite dish mainly comes down to purchasing a model with the required diameter. As a rule, it is The quality of reception mainly depends on the diameter of the “plate” satellite broadcasting, but if in St. Petersburg 60 cm may be enough, then for the southern regions a larger length will be required, which may be equal to 1.5 m.

It is worth noting that when choosing an antenna, many people think that a large diameter can pick up a huge number of channels or improve the quality of broadcasting. No, actually with a large plate diameter There may be more channels, but their quality is significantly reduced. Most of the satellite signal is reflected from the satellite “dish” mirror. When choosing an antenna with a small diameter, the quality is better, because the signal from the satellite is focused. In addition, such equipment is much easier to configure.

We must not forget that when purchasing equipment, you need to additionally purchase a multifit. This will allow you to install several converters on one satellite dish. Sellers are usually interested in whether there will be the equipment has one socket or multifit. It is necessary to choose the second option, even if in the end only one socket will be used. This not only gives an advantage in using a converter, but also if one cell breaks down, the equipment can be switched to other sockets.

Selecting a converter and receiver

The converter is an important part in any satellite dish. Typically, this part is selected separately to the “plate”, but how much of the work does this equipment do? The converter serves to catch the signal from the satellite and convert the strong signal that breaks through the atmospheric layers into an easy stream of information for the receiver.

Most often, people purchase converters with circular polarization, since they are not as sensitive. Besides, Such converters allow you to catch a high-quality signal, which will not change depending on the weather outside or due to the deviation of the satellite in orbit. It is important to remember that the quality of broadcasting will directly depend on the choice of converter model and company.

The receiver, on the contrary, has almost no effect on the quality of broadcasting, and its choice mainly comes down to cost and number of functions.

Installing a satellite dish

On the Internet you can find a fairly large number of various schemes that allow you to install a satellite dish, but step-by-step work and recommendations are difficult to find. When installing the antenna, be sure to follow the recommendations that will allow you to avoid mistakes.

Adjustment procedure

As a rule, for high-quality antenna alignment, you need to take the TV together with the receiver outside, after connecting it to an extension cord. Then:

Conclusion

Even a beginner can install and configure a satellite dish with his own hands. This will save a lot of money, but, most importantly, do not make mistakes and do everything exactly according to the instructions.

It was a long time ago when people were still thinking about creating a homemade satellite dish. Nowadays, purchasing a satellite dish is not difficult. They are at almost every step.

But still, offset antennas are very large, more than 2 meters, and now it is very difficult to find or purchase, since the price will be prohibitive. Several years ago I had an idea to create a satellite dish myself. Yes, it was possible to rivet a flat one, on Fresnel rings, but I simply didn’t like it.

A long time ago, satellite antenna mirrors were made from alabaster and cement.

Yes, the wind was definitely not terrible for such antennas. But you understand - such homemade satellite dish and the technology of its production is not for our time.

Some craftsmen later made a simple 0.6 m in diameter from epoxy resin and foil, or using polyurethane foam, and at the end of the description of their work, they indicated that it was advisable to install such antennas away from human eyes - so as not to laugh.

And the cunning Chinese simply rivet small direct-focus antennas together with pots and basins made of tin on an adapted lathe.

Of course, there are always gifted people, real specialists who do truly good things. Some did direct focus, and some did offset. I came across pictures online of an offset satellite dish about 3 m in diameter. It’s simply impossible to look at this without admiration. It's like an exclusive thing.

Homemade satellite dishes made of tin deserve special attention. There are also original solutions.

If you decide to make a satellite dish yourself, some materials from the archive may be useful

Calculation of satellite antennas instructions download

Despite the constant drop in prices and the availability of the so-called “dish,” there are quite a lot of articles on the topic “How to make a satellite dish with your own hands” on the Internet. Most often, this question is asked either by those who want to save money (although much further), or simply by those who like to make something. However, in any case, the result is achieved in the same way, and if you are such an avid DIYer, then this article is for you. So, how do you make a satellite dish with your own hands using improvised means?

Which method should I choose? Manufacturing methods

There are two methods for manufacturing this device.

• Using sticking on the matrix.
• By soldering mesh and copper wire.

Since with the first method we can control and change the shape of the plate during its manufacture, we will consider it.

Manufacturing stages

As in any other process for the manufacture of radio engineering or electronic devices, when making satellite antennas with your own hands, do not forget to draw in advance a drawing of the device that you want to obtain as an output. Thanks to accurate values ​​and calculations, you will reduce the risk of getting an irregularly shaped part to zero. It is necessary to draw a parabola in the drawing, which is then transferred to a sheet of steel. By the way, the thickness of the latter should be approximately 0.05 cm. In order for a satellite antenna (it’s not difficult to make it with your own hands) to turn out to be of high quality, you must follow the design and assembly stages.

1. First, using a welding machine, a frame is made from steel rods with a diameter of 8-10 mm. In this case, the ribs are bent along the knife, and the bearing is welded into the top of the structure.
2. The resulting frame is installed on a flat area, after which a pipe is mounted vertically in the center under the installed bearing. After the part is secured, a knife is installed on the washer bearing (the latter has a slightly larger diameter) on the structure.
3. A thick concrete solution is poured onto the plate, after which the resulting matrix is ​​dried for about 4-5 days in the open air.

What's next?

The final stage of answering the question “how to make a satellite dish with your own hands” is gluing the dish. It can be produced in several ways. So that the work does not seem difficult to you, divide the finished product into several sectors. As a rule, a satellite dish is divided into 6-8 equal parts. Make sure that the interval between these sectors is equal. Next, special fiberglass fabric, cut into strips, and epoxy primer are used for gluing. But first you need to apply machine oil to the surface of the matrix, and then place the pipe in the washer. Next, a small layer of resin and a piece of fiberglass are applied to it. To prevent bubbles from forming on the surface, periodically smooth the applied component. The reflector itself is covered with aluminum foil. That's it, the satellite dish is finally done with your own hands.

Installation

When installing this device, it is important to remember that the signal is significantly blocked by metal gratings and reinforced concrete. Therefore, install a homemade antenna away from them and preferably on the highest part of the house.

To improve 3G, 4G, or WiFi reception, use a mirror from a parabolic antenna. Since Russians love halava, they are increasingly looking on the Internet for how to make a “satellite dish” at home. Let's look at a couple of options together.

To get started, watch the video...

For those who do not have very high-speed Internet or are not “unlimited” and cannot (or do not want) watch the video, I will describe the technology in my own words.

At the beginning they show how to cut an even circle from the “plexiglass”, then they take the lid from the pan (it has the shape of a parabola) and place it in the oven along with the plexiglass blank. When heated, the “plex” takes the shape of a parabola. Then you can cover it with thick foil and the mirror is ready.

Although the video gives an example of making a parabola, the downside is that the diameter is small for the antenna. Although there are ovens of larger sizes, in short, we’ve got some information to think about, then only your imagination can help...

That was one option, let's look at another.

First, you need to try this option on a piece of paper with a scale of 1:4 or 1:5.

So, to get mirrors with a diameter of 80 cm, you will need cardboard 100 X 100 cm. With these dimensions mirror focus is 13 cm.

Let's break it down like this:

Draw on 16 identical sectors (22.5°) and 4 circles with radii r1, r2, r3, r4:

Circle radii:

• r1 = 75 mm
• r2 = 254 mm
• r3 = 400 mm
• r4 = 528 mm (this radius is outside the square, cut to square)

There will be a bend along these circles.

Now you need to make cuts along 16 lines with a distance between the petals s1, s2, s3, s4:

Distance between petals:

• S1 = 0 mm
• S2 = 11 mm
• S3 = 29 mm
• S4 = 50 mm

Based on this blank, you can draw it on the graded sheet. The edges and the mirror for the parabolic antenna are ready to be connected.

Option 2

In this article I will describe an acceptable way to make a satellite dish with your own hands. I read on the Internet (I don’t remember which site): you need to take an antenna from a neighbor, lay out wire in it and fill it with plaster. Can you imagine its weight, and its resistance to wind...

So, here we will look at how to create a parabolic “mirror” itself, and what kind of antenna you will hang (wifi, 3|4G) is up to you.

Alternatively, you can do this:

Take a galvanized sheet and make eight cuts, then connect the petals together.

Another option. We need a big ball:

We make the first circle of wire with the diameter you need and put it on the ball:

K1-K4 - circles made of steel wire with a diameter of 4-6 mm. Draw lines under the circles with a marker.

Then, we connect the circles with thick aluminum wire crosswise and remove the product. Instead of aluminum wires, replace them one by one with steel ones and weld them together.

It should look like this:

Circle 4 should remain unclosed; the irradiator stand will go there. The rest needs to be stretched with wire - to make a mesh.

As an option, the mirror can be covered with a finished aluminum mesh:

Focus - this is the location of the feed (antenna) at a distance from the center of the satellite dish. This distance depends on many factors. For example: frequency, opening the “mirrors”.

A parabola is like a part of a ball, and the focus of the ball is in the middle.

If the antenna is made like Ant3, then the focus will be at the level of the antenna itself, etc.

Consider the diameters of the circles.

Now about the frequency. Focus versus frequency is calculated using a formula that takes into account the frequency itself and the diameter of the mirror. Since it is unknown what diameter your “plate” will be, it is better to find the focus experimentally.

Let's say you want to install a 3G antenna Kharchenko,

secure it to the rod and insert it into the circle 4. Run a program like MDMA (in dB shows the signal level) and slowly move the rod towards or away from the antenna.

In conclusion, I would like to say about the diameter. In practice, the gain on the Kharchenko antenna and a satellite dish with a diameter of 90 cm reached 40 dB.

General information about satellite television

Before installing a satellite dish, you need to familiarize yourself with general information, which will ultimately help when setting up the equipment. First, let's find out what a geostationary orbit is. This is an orbit that is located at an altitude of about 35,000 kilometers from the earth, and is equal to the equator. Broadcast satellites are located in geostationary orbit. It is at this height that the speed of the Earth is equal to the speed of the satellite, so the satellite hangs over the same point on its surface. The location of the satellite in geostationary orbit is called the station point. From Earth, the stationary orbit is “visible” in the sky in the form of the so-called “Clark Belt”. The Clark Belt is “visible” as an arc of a curve that degenerates from a circle at the poles to a straight line at the equator. The Clark Belt “rests” on the horizon exactly in the east and west, regardless of location. In the technical manual for satellite equipment, satellite locations are designated by their geographic longitude: angular distance from the prime (Greenwich) meridian. This must be taken into account when orienting the antenna and a correction must be given: from a given point, the Greenwich meridian is “visible” at an angle opposite to the longitude of the location. How some stationary satellites are visible from Greenwich is shown in the figure.

Determination of azimuth and elevation

To accurately install a satellite dish, you need to know: the latitude and longitude of your location, the satellite to which you plan to tune in; these parameters determine the elevation angle (how tilted the antenna is. Rotate the antenna up and down) and azimuth (rotate the antenna right - left). The antenna is adjusted by turning it right - left and up - down and the signal is viewed on the satellite receiver at a certain frequency.
Azimuth is the angle subtracted from the north direction clockwise.
Elevation angle is the angle in the vertical plane between the horizontal and the direction towards the satellite. First you need to determine your coordinates. Let's say you are in the coverage area of ​​the IntelSat 904 satellite, at a point with coordinates of 55 degrees 53 minutes north latitude (55°53" N) and 37 degrees 26 minutes east longitude (37°26" E). Please note that coordinates can be specified both in the form of “degrees - minutes” and “degrees - decimals of a degree”. In the second case, the same coordinates will be presented as 55.88 degrees north latitude. and 37.43 degrees east. You can calculate the direction to the satellite using the Online calculator on our website or using the "Satellite Antenna Alignment" program.

Using any of the tools mentioned above, determine the azimuth and elevation angle for the Intelsat 904 satellite (standing point - 60 degrees east longitude). As a result, we received an azimuth to the satellite of 153.3 degrees and an elevation angle of 23.2 degrees (differences in the second decimal place are related to the accuracy of the coordinates and calculations and do not affect the antenna settings).

In the direction where the antenna should be pointed, there should be no high buildings, trees, or high-voltage lines nearby.

Antenna selection

Choosing a satellite dish mainly comes down to purchasing an antenna with the required diameter. As a rule, the quality of reception of satellite broadcasts mainly depends on the diameter of the “dish”, so if in the central parts of the satellite coverage a 60 cm dish may be enough, then for the regions located at the edges of the satellite coverage, a larger diameter will be required, which can be equal to 1.5 m.

Installation of a satellite dish at an elevation angle

1. Assemble the satellite dish according to the instruction manual.
2. Attach the satellite dish bracket. Dish fastening elements (anchor bolts, studs, nuts, screws, etc.) are selected depending on the wind load and the material of the wall on which the satellite dish is mounted.
3. Install the satellite dish converters in the holder with the connector facing down so that atmospheric moisture does not get inside the satellite dish converters.
4. Connect the cable to the satellite dish converters using the F-connector*.
5. Secure the cables to the arc of the converter holder with plastic ties or insulating tape.
6. Seal the entire length of the F-connector with 2 layers of insulating tape and apply an even layer of silicone sealant to the insulating tape.
7. Install the satellite dish on the bracket. Tighten the adjusting nuts so that it is possible to move the antenna in the vertical and horizontal planes with some effort.
8. Secure the cable to the satellite dish bracket with plastic ties or electrical tape. Leave a 1 m cable reserve near the antenna, also securing it to the bracket.

Converters, multifeeds, discs

The signal received by the “Mirror” of the satellite dish is focused on the converter (“head”). In the converter, the signal is reduced in frequency by the amount of the converter's local oscillator frequency (indicated on the converter itself) and transmitted via cable to the satellite receiver (tuner). And the satellite receiver receives the signal coming through the satellite, processes it, decodes it and transmits the finished “picture” to the TV. To tune our antenna, we will need 3 linear polarization Ku band converters, since the satellites to which we will tune our antenna broadcast in the linear polarization Ku band. The stickers of these converters indicate the main reception parameters: Reception frequency 10.70-11.70 GHz, 11.70-12.75 GHz; Intermediate frequency 950-1950 MHz and 1100-2150 MHz; Local oscillator frequency: 9750 MHz and 10600 MHz; Internal noise level: 0.3 dB. The use of two local oscillators is due to the fact that the Ku-band is quite wide (2050 MHz), therefore the Ku-band is divided into two sub-bands 10700-11700 and 11700-12750 MHz.

Given the high density of satellites in orbit, one satellite antenna can simultaneously receive signals from two, three, four or even five satellites that are located in close proximity to each other. Accordingly, two, three, four and five converters should be used for this. Additional converters are attached to the supporting rod of the satellite antenna (arc) with special holders - multifeeds.

This combination of satellites on one dish: Amos 4.0 W, Astra 4A 4.8E, Hot Bird 13.0E is usually called a 4W + 5E + 13E combination.
An example of a popular combination for 4 satellites on one dish: Amos 4.0 W, Astra 4A 4.8E, Eutelsat 9B 9E, Hot Bird 13.0E combination 4W + 5E + 9E + 13E

We will not consider all possible combinations; this is beyond the scope of this article. It should be said that there are a lot of them and for TV viewers in different countries such combinations are different. In this article we will look at setting up a satellite dish for the popular combination 4W + 5E + 13E; the combination may be different for you, but the principle of setup remains the same.
Considering that a satellite receiver can supply power to only one converter, in such cases it is possible to install a DiSEqC switch, which automatically switches power from one converter to another depending on which satellite you are watching.

Since the satellite dish is a mirror for the satellite signal, the signal reflected from its surface is collected into a beam and enters the converter. When installing additional heads on side multifeeds, the reflected signal from the right satellite in relation to the central one should be caught on the left side, and the reflected signal from the left satellite on the right side. That is, we have a central satellite Astra 4A 4.8E - we will catch it in the center of the antenna. The Amos 4.0 W satellite is located to the right 4.8 degrees, so the signal from it should be looked for on the left side. The Hot Bird 13.0E satellite is located to the left of Astra 4A, so we will look for the signal from 13 degrees on the right side.

Satellite dish setup:

1.First of all, you need to set the dish to the central satellite, in our case it is Astra 4A 4.8E. Using an engineering compass corrected for magnetic declination, we set the antenna to the desired azimuth. Roughly, by eye, we adjust the antenna alignment according to the elevation angle. To tune the antenna, we will need to take out the TV with the tuner and place it closer to the installation site so that we can see the percentages on the tuning scale. We do not connect the power switch (disek) yet, so as not to get confused with satellites. We do the initial adjustment using the middle converter, which is also the central one.
2.Second: Connect the TV and converter to the receiver, turn on the equipment, select (“Antenna installation” -> “Manual search” in the receiver menu). We enter the necessary signal parameters (prepared transponder frequencies), according to the instructions for it.
3. Turn on the signal search mode. Carefully and smoothly swing the antenna up and down until the receiver “grabs” the satellite. If “it’s not caught,” we check the azimuth again and, changing it in steps of 3 degrees to the right and left, repeat the “swinging” procedure. When the signal is caught, very carefully, slightly turning and swinging the antenna, we achieve the best quality and signal level. The priority is quality.

At 60% level and 80% quality, reception stability will be twice as high as vice versa. Carefully, in several steps, tightly tighten the antenna mounting nuts and the angle of inclination. In this case, you need to monitor the signal at all times. From the main menu of the receiver, we check whether the satellite is caught. If all parameters were set manually, failures, as a rule, do not occur. But if there is no signal or image, we weaken the plate and start over.

4. After we have caught the desired satellite and fixed the position of the antenna at the maximum signal, turn on “Level - Quality” again and, carefully moving back and forth and slightly turning the converter in the socket, we achieve maximum readings on the QUALITY scale.


Attention! Antenna tuning must be done while standing behind the dish mirror, holding the converter bracket with your hand. You cannot turn the mirror - it can become deformed, and any interference in front of the antenna or in front of the converter head causes the signal to decrease or disappear altogether. Once again we make sure that the antenna is tuned to exactly the satellite to which we tuned it, and not to some other one. To do this, we scan transponders from table 1 and turn on some channel.

Table No. 1. Parameters for setting up the Satellite dish:

Satellite	Transponder	Visual inspection channel
Astra 4A (4.8E)	11766 H 27500	1+1, TET, 2+2
Astra 4A (4.8E)	12073 H 27500	News One, Glas, Business
Astra 4A (4.8E)	12399 V 27500	Inter, NTN, Mega
Hotbird 13B/13C/13E (13E)	10815 H 27500	Russian Music Box, TBN Russia
Hotbird 13B/13C/13E (13E)	11034 V 27500	RTR Planeta, Shanson TV
Hotbird 13B/13C/13E (13E)	12597 V 27500	EuroNews, Perviy channel Romania
Amos 2/3 (4W)	11139 H 30000	112 Ukraine, Tonis, Inter
Amos 2/3 (4W)	11175 H 30000	Telekanal STB, M1, Novy Kanal
Amos 2/3 (4W)	10842 H 30000	UA TV, Boutique TV

5. Setting up 2 additional satellites (Amos 4.0 W and Hot Bird 13.0E) involves finding the position of the converter relative to the central one. We connect the following converter to the receiver, for example the Amos 4.0 W satellite. In the menu we set its parameters. WITHOUT TOUCHING THE ANTENNA, smoothly and carefully turn the converter left and right until it “grabs” the satellite. We make sure that we “caught” what we need, as described above. By moving the converter back and forth (this is the so-called focusing) and rotating (adjustment along the plane of polarization), we achieve the best signal. We similarly adjust the third converter for the Hot Bird 13.0E satellite. 6. After all the manipulations, you need to once again make sure that all satellites are configured correctly, and once again check the tightness of all antenna elements. 7. Now you can connect DiSEqC using prepared and marked cable sections with the corresponding convector. Don't forget to set the port numbers for each satellite in the receiver. Then we move the equipment into place at home. That's it, the installation of the satellite dish is complete. All that remains is to select and configure the desired programs (channels) in the receiver menu.

Selecting a satellite tuner (receiver).

Today, satellite receivers, depending on their technical characteristics, can be divided into four main classes:
4th grade: These are usually budget satellite receivers designed for receiving uncoded TV channels. Most often they do not have a card reader. The TV is connected to them using RCA (tulips), SCART or HDMI cables. Such receivers reproduce TV programs in the digital standard DVB-S/S2, video compression format MPEG-2/MPEG-4. The cost of receivers ranges from $18-25. An example of a budget receiver would be Sat-Integral 1225 HD Able, Tiger X80 HD, Tiger 4100 HD
3rd grade: The third class includes receivers that, in addition to the previous receivers, have a card reader that allows you to install cards from paid satellite operators. Before choosing a receiver with a card reader, you should find out what encoding is broadcast by the operator whose services you want to use. These can be Conax, Irdeto, Viacces, etc. encodings. As a rule, each receiver supports one encoding option, in rare cases – several types. These receivers reproduce TV channels in the DVB-S2 standard and cost $30-60.
2nd grade: The second class receivers include the currently most common HDTV receivers (DVB-S2 standard, MPEG-4 video compression format). For example, receivers Openbox S4 Pro+ HD, Amiko SHD-8900 Alien, GI S8120 or Sat-Integral S-1210HD.
1st class: First-class receivers include HDTV receivers with advanced capabilities and costing from $200, which, in addition to receiving satellite signals in high definition, can perform the functions of a home media center. For example, they have the ability to install, or already contain on board, additional digital tuners that allow you to connect cable television of the DVB-C standard, which is present in your home, or digital terrestrial television of the DVB-T standard, which can be received on a regular terrestrial antenna, for example like Optibox Raptor HD.

Conclusion In this article, we examined only the main stages of setting up a satellite antenna (dish) using the example of a popular combination of three satellites Amos 4.0 W, Astra 4A 4.8E, Hot Bird 13.0E. Installation and configuration of antennas on other satellites is carried out in a similar way and consists of such steps as: - selection of satellites, selection of their frequencies; - determination of terrain coordinates, determination of azimuth; - antenna installation; - setting according to the method described above.