Steel pipe fittings are connecting elements that play a very important role. Translated from English, fitting means installation, assembly. Rolled steel pipes have been used for a very long time; they can be found in water and gas pipelines, heating and drainage networks.

The susceptibility of steel pipelines to corrosion has led to an increase in the popularity of plastic products, but, nevertheless, steel pipelines have not been abandoned. Their high strength and reliability allows the pipeline to withstand high pressure, low and high temperatures.

As for crimp structures, they do not have this drawback. The main disadvantage of crimp and press fittings is the not very high reliability of the connection. For these reasons, such parts often need to be tightened during operation.

The main area of ​​application is construction and repair work, where it is necessary to join pipe materials with an external volume of no higher than 6 cm.

Convenient and inexpensive crimping parts have almost no disadvantages and do not create additional problems during operation.

Cast iron fittings

Cast iron fittings for steel pipes are a type of connecting fittings that are used when laying pipelines of different diameters. Malleable cast iron used in production is an unconditional guarantee of practicality and an optimal balance between acceptable cost and quality. Cast iron products are equipped with internal and external threads, for these reasons they can be used in any installation conditions.

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An undeniable advantage in this situation is that these parts are easy to install and remove. All this work can be easily done with your own hands.

Another advantage of these products is their long service life. Using them you can be sure that they will withstand temperatures up to 175 degrees and pressure of 16 MPa.

All cast iron products are manufactured in accordance with GOST standards.

Extensive selection options, affordable prices and fast delivery make purchasing convenient and simple.

Galvanized connecting elements

Galvanized fittings for steel pipe products are joining elements for individual pipe products. They are the most popular. The thing is that galvanizing significantly increases the anti-corrosion capabilities of the mechanism, as a result it can last more than 50 years.

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Galvanized reinforcement options are used for various types of joints, so they are divided into:

1. square;
2. coupling;
3. adapter;
4. cross.

Like other analogues, galvanized products are connected using several methods. However, working with these parts has some peculiarities. For example, welding can damage galvanizing.

Of all the methods, the most preferred is the threaded connection. Galvanized threaded products make it possible to make a tight and reliable joint. If necessary, these parts can be reused.

Dimensions

The dimensions of the connecting elements for steel pipes play an important role. After all, they are used for highways with a large number of branches and for laying a straight pipeline.

With the correct selection of the dimensions of the connecting parts, it is possible to reliably fasten pipelines and heating devices with different threads and made of different materials.

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The diameters of the manufactured fittings correspond to the diameter of the produced pipes, so their selection is not difficult. To make the right choice, you need to know exactly the dimensions of the pipe materials used for the job. The dimensions of the fastening fittings range from 16 to 110 mm.

Options with a small diameter (up to 63 mm) are used for networks supplying water, supplying heat with a pressure of up to 16 atmospheres. And large-volume elements can be placed in a system operating at a pressure of almost 10 atmospheres.

Fittings "GEBO"

for pipes are intended for joining without threads and welding in the process of laying and repairing various highways. They hold these elements together using O-rings and collet clamps.

Application:

• Connection without threading and the need for welding.
• Instantly eliminate leaks without welding or special tools.

Gebo products are particularly suitable for:

• poorly accessible and corroded sections of the highway;
• pipe materials of non-standard dimensions;
• for pipe-rolling assortment made of non-weldable materials;

The main advantages of Gebo elements:

• installation of detachable connections;
• short installation time;
• there is no need for cutting, soldering, or gluing pipe assortment;
• you can launch the network immediately after installation;

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Gebo products are representatives of the highest quality line, this is confirmed by a large number of technical approvals. The most important confirmation is permission for installation in the network transporting drinking water.

Fittings for steel pipes are not difficult to purchase. If you have additional questions about price and characteristics, you can clarify them with the manager. He will help you choose a product that fully meets the client’s wishes.

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Types of fittings

Despite the fact that today a large number of different materials are used in the plumbing materials market, metal pipes are still the most popular and widely used, which is why the question of which fittings for metal pipes to use during certain plumbing work is still remains relevant.

Experts divide all fittings for metal pipes into threaded, crimped, flanged and welded (i.e., having smooth ends intended for welding).

Depending on the purpose of the pipeline being installed, the installation technology used, and the diameter of the products connected to each other, certain metal fittings are used. It is worth considering some of the listed types of fittings in more detail.

Threaded Pipe Fittings

Threaded elements intended for connecting steel water pipes are made of high-strength metal with a pre-applied cylindrical thread. In order to create an absolutely hermetic connection, specialists seal the cylindrical thread itself with a special flax strand, which is soaked in red lead produced on the basis of natural drying oil, FUM tape or any other sealing thread, which are sold in large quantities today in specialized plumbing stores.

Today, metal and plumbing fittings are typically made from steel or ductile iron. According to GOSTs and standards, neither the internal nor the external surface of such a fitting should have foreign inclusions or cavities that are formed when the production technology of metal fittings is violated. All end planes of water shut-off valves must be located strictly perpendicular to all axes of passages. Some manufacturers, trying to give the appearance of their products from a metal such as ductile cast iron, provide the edges of the fittings with special sides, which are small thickenings. For steel products there is no need for such sides.

Threaded fittings, depending on the purpose, are manufactured with a diameter of 8 to 100 mm. Most often, such fittings are used for water pipelines in which the temperature of the working fluids does not exceed plus 175 degrees Celsius, and the pressure is 1.6 MPa or less. Threaded connections of metal pipes have their advantages over press fittings or welding. First of all, when connected in this way, there is no need to purchase special equipment for cutting or welding or hire specialists to perform this procedure. All that is needed is to simply unscrew the joints with a regular wrench, and all the resulting parts of the pipes can be reused if desired. Typically, steel metal threaded fittings are used in residential apartments and private houses, as well as in garden and summer cottage areas, i.e. in places where there are no conditions to use welding equipment.

Pipe Compression Fittings

The undoubted qualities and purpose cannot be underestimated. Nowadays, installation of various communication networks cannot be done without them, and the efficiency indicators of such fittings for metal pipes are the same both in apartments, private houses, and when installing street networks.

As practice shows, without the use of compression fittings it is inconvenient and sometimes simply impossible to carry out work on the installation of connections, especially at corner turns, various transitions from one diameter to another, branches or even with simple metal connections. Their use can also in the future significantly facilitate dismantling work when dismantling individual sections of the pipeline. If necessary, compression fittings are used for tight and uniform shrinkage of connecting elements and individual parts of pipes, to prevent leaks of working fluids and the entry of foreign objects into them.

The use of crimps is recommended for metal pipes, which today are used in a wide variety of areas of human activity. Thanks to them, it becomes possible to ensure the transportation of a wide variety of working media with a temperature that should not exceed 175 degrees Celsius and a working pressure of up to 1.6 MPa. If we talk about media that can be transported through pipes connected to each other by crimped metal fittings, we can name gases, solvents, water, hydraulic oil and much more.

Types of crimp fittings

Crimping fittings for steel pipes can be pressed and with one or two crimp rings. When using press fittings, it is tightly pressed to the joint, and in an emergency they will have to be cut off and replaced with new ones, however, they are often used where all other types of fittings simply cannot be installed for one reason or another. Compression fittings also got their name because they have one or two ferrules built into them, with the help of which the fitting is attached to a metal pipe and the pipes are connected without threading or welding. These ferrules are made from different materials by different manufacturers, but all of them must withstand the operating pressure established by the standards and have the necessary vibration fatigue indicators, while ensuring long-term reliability of the place. Advantages:

• absolute sealing of working media without welding and other additional work;
• if necessary, such fittings can be mounted and dismantled many times;
• compression fittings are capable of providing a reliable connection of metal pipes;
• have high rates of vibration fatigue.

Today, compression fittings have found wide application for piping instrumentation and control equipment, in gas turbine and compressor equipment, metrology, as well as in those systems in which the operating pressure is characterized by fairly high figures.

Fittings and their varieties

1. Angle fittings - their use is necessary when the pipeline changes the degree of direction of the pipes. It is much easier to choose the right angle, thanks to which the pipes will go at the required degree, and there is no need for welding, as was the case before.
2. Straight or simple couplings - used when it is necessary to connect two straight metal pipes. This fitting design is one of the simplest; it can be used to easily replace a damaged section of pipe or connect it to any other structures: rotameters, shut-off valves, various plumbing installations, etc. The main function of couplings is to create a tight connection between a metal pipe and anything else. Couplings can be used to connect shaped structures or, for example, in cases where the products that need to be connected differ in diameter or material.
3. Fitting tees are indispensable in cases where you need to connect three metal pipes together at once. Such a tee is capable of diverting one pipe from the other two at a slight angle of 45 or 90 degrees. Fittings can be used both for pipes with the same diameter and with different diameters.
4. Cross fittings are used if it is necessary to assign four different directions to four metal pipes at once. The cross has four inputs, each of which is located at an angle of 90 degrees to the other, but they are all located in the same plane. Such compression fittings are much more convenient than all other types of work, and their use does not require special equipment (for welding, for example, you need special machine).

When choosing components, it is recommended to consult with a specialist or a hardware store salesperson. Pay attention to quality; what costs more does not always mean reliability in operation. Products must be smooth and free from damage, scratches or manufacturing defects in the form of sagging.

brass fittings in Moscow

Brass fittings represent an extensive group of threaded fittings with a wide range of applications: they can be used in a wide variety of utility systems, in particular in heating and water supply networks. These fittings are compatible with copper, steel and other metal pipes.

Brass fittings can be yellow, without a special coating, or they can be galvanized, with a white metallic color. In stock our online store for plumbing fixtures You will find both the first and second types of brass fittings.

The use of brass fittings allows you to install water supply or heating networks of the most varied and complex configurations. The plugs, crosses, couplings, nipples, adapters, bends, connections, tees, angles, fittings and fittings presented in this section of our catalog are fittings produced by well-established manufacturers and with certificates of conformity. The use of these fittings allows you to create reliable tight connections pipes between each other and with various water-consuming devices.

Brass fittings are threaded, so two features that are characteristic of them should be noted. Firstly, the connections created on their basis are detachable, that is, the fitting can be reused after dismantling. Secondly, like all threaded connections, pipe connections with brass fittings must be sealed, for which it can be used

The growing popularity of metal-plastic gave reason to believe that metal communications will gradually be replaced by more modern material. Practice has shown that it is difficult to argue with the strength and durability of steel heating and water supply systems, and fittings for steel pipes have solved many problems in the assembly, dismantling and repair of such communications.

Relevance of steel communications

Over the past few decades, heating and water supply systems have been actively replaced from metal ones to more flexible and lightweight metal-plastic ones. The advantages of the latter are difficult to overestimate: they are easy to cut and install both among themselves and with measuring instruments and valve elements without welding. Until recently, installation of steel pipelines was impossible without the use of welding equipment. Metal fittings for steel pipes make this possible without difficulty, forming a strong, hermetically sealed connection between pipeline sections even under high internal pressure.

There are a number of arguments in favor of choosing a steel pipeline:

• Water hammer and pressure surges inside the system are more easily tolerated by steel pipes;
• the service life laid down by rolled metal manufacturers is higher than that of alternative options;
• the thermal coefficient of expansion of metals is lower, which reduces the risk of pipe deformation when the coolant temperature increases;
• inertness to ultraviolet radiation;
• high stable thermal conductivity, easily calculated when laying pipes in ceilings and walls;
• low price.

Among the disadvantages, most sources of information note electrical conductivity, instability to corrosion and difficulty of installation. It is worth clarifying that two of these points have lost their relevance: chrome coating minimizes corrosion, and steel, brass and cast iron fittings for threaded steel pipes make the process of laying communications simplified.

Types of fittings for steel pipes

Types of fittings for steel communications

Fittings are called connecting fittings used in the installation of heating plants, water and gas supply systems. According to their shape and purpose, fittings made from both metals and plastics are usually divided into several types:

• corner and branch, that is, changing the direction of the pipeline;
• crosspieces dividing one stream into several;
• bends, collectors and multi-pass elements serving as splitters;
• adapters connecting pipes of different types and/or diameters;
• fittings that allow you to connect a rigid pipeline with a flexible one;
• plugs and caps that serve as hermetic sealing elements.

For steel pipelines, appropriate fittings are used: the priority is affordable steel, durable and wear-resistant cast iron, corrosion-resistant and long-term use brass.

Welded

Welded or segment fittings for metal pipes are non-dismountable systems, that is, they cannot be dismantled and then reused. The welded seam is sealed and does not stand out much on the surface of the pipe. The principle of selecting welded fittings is based not only on the identical diameters of the connecting element and the pipe itself, but also on the similarity of characteristics. Fittings for steel pipes must comply with the permissible internal pressure of the medium, which is provided for by a specific GOST. Fittings for steel pipes for welding are used, as a rule, in communications placed inside structures and do not require replacement for a long time.

Flanged

The design of the flange fitting, which is more durable than other types of fastenings, is rarely used in household communications. The increased thickness due to the diameter of the flange makes them unaesthetic and inconvenient for use in home heating systems and private water supply systems. The scope of their use is large highways connected in series. The advantage of flange fittings is reliability, however, not exceeding the performance of welded systems.

Crimping

Compression fittings for steel pipes consist of several basic elements:

• housings;
• clamping and pressure rings;
• seal that ensures tightness.

Although the compression fitting is considered a dismountable system, all elements except the body will have to be replaced during repair or reinstallation with new ones.

After fixing all elements selected according to the diameter of the pipe on the connected sections, the crimp ring is tightened using an automatic or manual press. The edges of the connected pipeline sectors do not require any other processing other than calibration and stripping: threads are not required for this type of connection. A slight deviation from the axis when connecting pipes is not critical; curvature of up to 3° is acceptable, which is unacceptable when installing using threads.

Disadvantages of compression fittings:

1. Limitation of the temperature regime by the resistance of the gaskets, for example, silicone and plastic ones can withstand heating of no more than 100°C.
2. Low resistance to mechanical damage; significant pressure on the connection point can tear the fitting.

Threaded

The most popular and universal way of connecting metal pipes is threaded fittings for steel pipes and their variety, called “American”. The sealing of the connection, consisting of a body and a union nut, is ensured by a sealant, while experienced craftsmen often lean towards the time-tested piece of flax fiber. The service life of this detachable connection is up to 50 years, and when dismantling, only the seal will have to be replaced. American steel pipe fittings, named after the country in which this convenient method was patented, are in demand by non-professional plumbers precisely for their ease of use. After checking the pressure characteristics, permissible media and pipe diameter indicated on the packaging, you can apply threads to the ends of the pipes and begin installation.

Video: assembly of threaded connections

Experts warn that any interference in the communications of apartment buildings shifts responsibility for possible accidents to the foreman or organization who carried out the work. If you do not have the necessary skills, it is better to entrust them to specialists and keep documents in case of litigation.

Threaded fittings are used to provide a detachable method of connecting or changing the direction of a common pipeline during installation and replacement of individual pipeline elements.

Types of fittings coating:

• zinc;
• chrome;
• Nickel

Threaded connections are most often used when working with pipes with a cross-section of up to 50 mm. For contours from 50 mm, flange mountings are used. In terms of shape and functional features, they do not differ in anything except the parameters and type of connection; steel and high-strength cast iron (ductile iron) are used for manufacturing.

Based on the installation location and purpose, fittings for metal pipes are classified according to their design features:

• Angles - for changing the direction of pipes.
• Tees - for connecting pipes of the same or different diameters.
• Couplings - for joining fixed structures.
• Bends - for deflecting the main line (in the vertical or horizontal direction) at an angle of 30-180 degrees.
• Plugs - for sealing highways.
• Nipples - for changing pressure.
• Fittings - to simplify cleaning, maintenance or replacement of flow smoothing elements.

The structures are manufactured using different materials:

• stainless;
• brass;
• copper
• cast iron;
• bronze.

Types of threaded fasteners

There are pipe and metric threads. The main difference is in her stride. When supplying heating and water mains, inch (pipe) threads are more often used. Pipe threads are also used to connect pipes of water heating systems, heaters, filtration systems, meters, and pumping devices.

Pipe threads are used in cylindrical threaded fasteners and in connections between internal cylindrical threads and external tapered threads. The thickness of the pipe walls is determined by the expected pressure.

Metric threads are used for pressure gauges or gearboxes. It can be internal and external. The first warrant is more often found under the name of a nut, and the second - a fitting.

Thread parameters

All devices have their own thread diameter. The unit of measurement is inch or mm. It is important to understand that the cross-section of all threaded fasteners made of metal is measured internally.

The cross-section of polypropylene pipes and fasteners is measured from the outside. So, if the cross-section of PP pipes is 2 cm, then this is analogous to metal pipes with a cross-section of 15 mm, and the situation is similar with fittings.

Thread direction

Connecting parts with right-hand threads are screwed in or screwed clockwise, left-handed ones - vice versa. In other words, if the threads rise in the left direction, then the thread is left-handed.

When laying a plumbing system, right-hand threads are usually used. The left one is often found when connecting pipes to batteries. On the right side of the radiators there is a right-hand thread and vice versa. To switch to a right-hand thread and the circuit intended for connection, you will need a special set of 4 fittings (2 with left-hand threads, and 2 with right-hand threads), rubber seals, plugs and air bleed valves.

Brass connections

Brass fittings are well used for fixing copper pipes. The crimp ring located inside the connection provides increased fastening strength. Its placement is done using a wrench. It allows you to tighten the nut, tightening it to a specified level. It is important not to bend the threads, which will lead to leaks.

Disadvantages include the need for timely maintenance to prevent system loosening and a low permissible pressure limit.

Copper fastenings

Copper fittings are resistant to temperature changes and corrosion. They allow you to connect products from different materials. However, the use of different combinations reduces the service life. It is not recommended to connect copper to galvanized non-alloy steel. This will cause the rapid occurrence of corrosion processes, leading to rapid destruction of the fitting and the edge of the pipeline.

Cast iron connections

Cast iron fittings are connections with cylindrical threads at the ends. This material is successfully used for creating couplings, bends, crosses and tees. For repeated use, placement of waterproof material is required. The low cost and strength of structures is compromised by a low level of anti-corrosion resistance, which forces manufacturers to use more resistant materials.

Steel connections

Steel structures have proven themselves well, thanks to their durable and reliable characteristics, but do not forget about laying fum tape or tow for a better connection. Based on the materials and design parameters, fittings may have different thread lengths. The main purpose of fittings is to connect two or more circuits of the same or different sections.

Stainless steel structures with cylindrical threads with a special seal are in good demand. The main advantage is reusability. For example, if repair work is necessary, these fasteners can be disassembled and reassembled without loss of quality.

Pipe bends

Squeegees are represented by pipes with pipe threads at both ends. On one side there is a short (5-6 threads) thread, on the other - an elongated thread (20....30 threads). Squeegees provide the connection between two fixed pipes. A squeegee is screwed into the reinforcing element or fitting, a nut and coupling are placed on the other side, flax is wound onto the end of the pipe with a short threaded turn and covered with a sealant, then combined with the end of the squeegee. The coupling is screwed onto the end of the pipe and connected to the outlet. A flax is placed between the coupling and the nut and the nut is pressed against the coupling.

Pipe bends

Bends are used to correct changes in pipeline direction in vertical and horizontal positions at angles of 30°, 45°, 60°, 90° and 180°. They are distinguished by a smooth inner ball, which prevents the formation of plaque on the pipes.

According to their design features, bends are divided into steeply curved and bent, suture and seamless. Bends with a rotation angle of 90° are especially popular.

For the manufacture of bent elbows, a pipe with a diameter that determines the method of manufacturing structures is used:

• cold-formed, from 15m.R;
• hot-bent, with a radius of 1.5-15m.

Serve for transporting water, gas, non-aggressive liquids at maximum heating up to 175 C.

Steeply curved products are characterized by a small bend angle, which simplifies the layout of the highway. But due to their small parameters, they do not provide compensation for the thermal expansion of pipes, for example in a heating system. To develop bends, water and gas pipes (GOST 326275) or seamless steel structures with a cross-section of 15 - 50 mm are used. Seamless products with large diameters are presented in the range:

When producing steeply curved pipes by stamping or hot drawing, manufacturers are guided by GOST 17375.2001 and provide for operation at temperatures up to +450 C.

Threaded tees

To combine pipes into complex structures, tees are used, designed to fix the side outlet to the main line, which ensures a change in direction at an angle of 90°.

Tees are available in two versions: straight and transitional. The first option is characterized by the same cross-section of all branches. In the second case, different hole sections are provided.

The use of stamped and seamless tees is allowed at temperatures -70C...+450C, pressure up to 16 MPa.

Threaded couplings

Couplings allow you to connect pipes without using a welding machine. During the installation process, it is possible to connect pipelines of different sizes and materials.

Couplings are classified according to the following parameters:

1. The connection method is equal, connecting pipes with the same cross-section and a transition one for joining pipes with different diameters.
2. The location of the thread is inside and outside. The first option is used when fixing pipeline elements with identical rigidity. The second option is used for fastening elements with different rigidities or connecting flexible elements.
3. Solid and split. The latter simplify the installation technology, thanks to the possibility of separately fixing the coupling elements on the pipes, with further connection of the pipeline already attached to the coupling parts.

Pipe plugs

Plugs are relevant where temporary or permanent blocking of fluid flow is required at one or more ends of the line. The principle of operation of the plugs is similar to flange connections - round steel disks with holes for threading bolts or studs for fixation. The temperature of the working environment reaches up to +500 degrees.

Flange plugs are used together with the flange. Structurally, they are similar to flanges, but exclude the presence of a central hole. The structures are manufactured using the hot stamping method.

Elliptical structures are represented by a metal plate in the shape of half an ellipse. They are attached to the pipe and serve to seal it. The stamping method is also used for manufacturing.

Rotary plugs act as valves and seal the ends of the pipes during commissioning and testing work. Plugs are used when laying main pipelines and branches. Working pressure varies in the range of 0.25 - 38 MPa, and dimensions - from 23 to 1420 mm.

Threaded fittings

Nuts and pipe fittings are used to fasten reinforcing elements. A number of devices ensure efficient operation with sufficient tightness of the fittings. In the event of a leak, the pressure in the system decreases. To protect the reinforcing elements and achieve maximum hygiene of the equipment, sealing elements are used, located at the heads of the nuts.

Fittings are also called pipes for releasing gas or liquid from the main, including for measuring pressure. Below you can see straight and conical reducing fittings.

Nipples or barrels

Pipe thread adapters equipped with double-sided male threads to match the dimensions of the coupling. When connecting pipeline lines permanently, the nipple simultaneously serves for mechanical (power) fixation. For example, a radiator nipple is used to connect battery sections to each other and is selected with a left- or right-hand thread.

Types of nipples:

• Barrel.
• With hexagon (a hexagon is placed between the threads for easy installation).

For the convenience of users, below is a catalog with prices for threaded fittings. When choosing a product of interest, you should take into account the negative aspects of a detachable connection. These involve a lot of parts and time to ensure the winding is waterproof. It is also necessary to ensure regular tightening in case the system becomes loose.

Fittings catalog

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